Agilent Electrothermal Temperature Controller ETC 60: User's Guide

Agilent Electrothermal
Temperature
Controller ETC 60
User’s Guide
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2 Agilent Electrothermal Temperature Controller ETC 60 User’s Guide

Contents
Contents
1. Safety Practices and Hazards 7
Manufacture 7
Verifying Safe State 7
General 8
Hazard Warnings 8
Electrical Hazards 9
Chemical Hazards 9
Notes and Tips 10
Warning and Caution Messages 10
Warning Symbols 11
Information Symbols 11
Color Coding 12
CE Compliance 12
Electromagnetic compatibility 12
EN55011/CISPR11 12
ICES/NMB-001 13
2. Getting Started 15
Introduction 15
Unpacking 15
Temperature Control Module 17
Workhead 18
Agilent Electrothermal Temperature Controller ETC 60 User’s Guide 3

Contents
Installation 19
Voltage Selector 19
Installing an Absorption Cell 21
Installing the Workhead 21
3. Operation 25
Power Up 27
Error on Startup 27
Making Selections 28
Common Menu Options 29
Methods 29
Predefined Isothermal Methods 29
Manual Isothermal Method 30
Manual Step Method 31
Changing Settings 31
Unattended Operation 32
Shutdown Procedure 33
4. Analytical Notes 35
Arsenic 36
Mercury 36
Optimal Temperature Determination 37
5. Maintenance 39
Daily Maintenance 39
Replacing the Fuse 39
Quartz Absorption Cell 40

Contents
Replacing the Absorption Cell 41

Removing the Workhead 42
6. Appendices 43
Appendix A — Specifications 43
Environmental 44
Appendix B —Errors 44
Warning Messages 44
Fatal Errors 45
Appendix C — Sensitivity Test Record Sheet 46
Appendix C — Sensitivity Test Record Sheet (cont.) 47

Contents
This page is intentionally left blank.

Safety Practices and Hazards
1. Safety Practices and Hazards

Manufacture 7
Verifying Safe State 7
General 8
Hazard Warnings 8
Electrical Hazards 9
Chemical Hazards 9
Notes and Tips 10
Warning and Caution Messages 10
Warning Symbols 11
Information Symbols 11
Color Coding 12
CE Compliance 12
Electromagnetic compatibility 12
Manufacture
The Electrothermal Temperature Controller (ETC) is manufactured
by:
Anatech BV
Nieuwstadterweg 3
6136 KN Sittard (the Netherlands)
Verifying Safe State

The following general safety precautions must be observed during all
phases of operation, maintenance and service of this instrument.

To ensure continued safety of the instrument after maintenance or

service procedures verify the instrument is returned to a safe state
for the user. This includes running performance checks to verify the
instruments safety systems are functioning correctly. Check the
general condition of the instrument during operation for wear or
signs of corrosion that are likely to inhibit function or safety.
Failure to comply with these precautions or with specific warnings
elsewhere in this manual violates safety standards of design,
manufacture, and intended use of the instrument. Agilent
Technologies assumes no liability for the customer’s failure to
comply with these requirements.
General
Operation of the Agilent ETC 60 electrothermal temperature
controller and an atomic absorption (AA) spectrometer involves the
use of an electrically heated quartz cell, high temperatures,
compressed gases, and hazardous materials, including corrosive
fluids. Unskilled, improper, or careless use of the equipment can
create fire hazards or other hazards which can cause death, serious
injury to personnel, or severe damage to equipment and property.
Appropriate safety practices have been included in this operation
manual and your spectrometer operation manual, to help you
operate the equipment safely. Read all safety practices thoroughly
before attempting to operate your system.
If the equipment is used in a manner not specified by the
manufacturer, the protection provided by the equipment may be
impaired.
Hazard Warnings
In addition to the hazard warnings specified in your spectrometer
operation manual, specific hazard warnings have been included in
this operation manual. These warnings state the hazard, describe
how to avoid it and specify the possible consequences of not
following the instructions. Read all warnings carefully and observe
them at all times.

Electrical Hazards
The ETC 60 contains electrical circuits, devices and components
operating at dangerous voltages. Contact with these circuits, devices
and components can cause death, serious injury or painful electric
shock. Covers which are retained by screws on the ETC 60 may be
opened only by an Agilent field service engineer.
The ETC 60 MUST be switched off at the power switch, and the mains
cable disconnected from the mains supply BEFORE any attempt is
made to remove or replace the cell in the workhead, or the cables
connecting the workhead to the Temperature Control Module.
Use of the wrong supply voltage, connection of the accessory to an
incorrectly wired supply outlet, or lack of proper electrical grounding
can create a fire hazard or a shock hazard which can cause death,
serious injury, or serious damage to equipment.
Always use a three-wire outlet with ground connection which is
adequately rated for the load.
The installation must comply with local, state, and national safety
regulations.
Ensure that the voltage selector is correctly set for the specific mains
power supply outlet that the ETC 60 will be connected to. You must
do this before connecting the accessory.
A blown fuse should be replaced with one of the size and rating
stipulated in the text adjacent to the fuse holder. Always ensure the
accessory is turned off and disconnected from the mains supply
before attempting any replacement.
Chemical Hazards
Operation of an Agilent AA spectrometer may involve the use of
materials that are corrosive or otherwise hazardous. Careless,
improper or unskilled use of these materials can cause serious
personal injury or an environmental hazard.

Always ensure that laboratory safety practices governing the use,

handling and disposal of hazardous materials are strictly observed.
These safety practices should include wearing the appropriate safety
clothing.
Always ensure that the sample introduction system is thoroughly
flushed with distilled water and that the contents of the drain or
waste container are known and disposed of if necessary before
touching any part.
Notes and Tips

A Note or Tip message is used to give advice or additional
information
NOTE This is a note.
Warning and Caution Messages

A Warning message is used in the text when failure to observe
instructions or precautions could result in death or injury.
WARNING Name of Warning

Detail of hazard. Information on how to avoid the hazard.
A Caution message is used when failure to observe instructions could

result in damage to equipment (Agilent supplied and/or other
associated equipment).
CAUTION This is a caution statement.

Warning Symbols
The following is a list of symbols that appear in conjunction with
warnings in this manual and on the ETC. The hazard they describe is
also shown.
A triangular symbol indicates a warning. The meanings of the
symbols that may appear alongside warnings in the documentation
or on the instrument itself are as follows:
Corrosive liquid Electrical shock Eye hazard
Hot surface Noxious gas Sharp objects
The following symbol may be used on warning labels attached to the

instrument. When you see this symbol, refer to the relevant operation
or service manual for the correct procedure referred to by that
warning label.
Information Symbols
The following symbols appear on the instrument for your
information.
I Mains power on
0 Mains power off
Fuse
Single phase alternating current

Color Coding
The various indicator lights appearing on the instrument and any
associated accessories have been color coded to represent the status
of the instrument or accessory:
 A green light indicates the instrument is in normal standby
condition.
 A blue light indicates that operator intervention is required.
 An orange light indicates a potential hazard.
 A red light indicates danger or an emergency.
CE Compliance
Your ETC 60 has been designed to comply with the requirements of
the Electro-magnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive and the Low
Voltage (electrical safety) Directive (commonly referred to as the
LVD) of the European Union. Agilent has confirmed that each
product complies with the relevant Directives by testing a prototype
against the prescribed EN (European Norm) standards.
Proof that a product complies with the Directives is indicated by:
 The CE Marking appearing on the rear of the product.
 The documentation package that accompanies the product,
containing a copy of the Declaration of Conformity. This
Declaration is the legal declaration by Agilent that the product
complies with the Directives, and also shows the EN standards to
which the product was tested, to demonstrate compliance.
Electromagnetic compatibility
EN55011/CISPR11
Group 1 ISM equipment: group 1 contains all ISM equipment in
which there is intentionally generated and/or used conductively
coupled radio- frequency energy which is necessary for the internal
functioning of the equipment itself.

Class A equipment is equipment suitable for use in all

establishments other than domestic and those directly connected to a
low voltage power supply network which supplies buildings used for
domestic purposes.
This device complies with the requirements of CISPR11, Group 1,
Class A as radiation professional equipment. Therefore, there may be
potential difficulties in ensuring electromagnetic compatibility in
other environments, due to conducted as well as radiated
disturbances.
Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
1 This device may not cause harmful interference.
2 This device must accept any interference received, including
interference that may cause undesired operation.
If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or
television reception, which can be determined by turning the
equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try one or more of
the following measures:
1 Relocate the radio or antenna.
2 Move the device away from the radio or television.
3 Plug the device into a different electrical outlet, so that the device
and the radio or television are on separate electrical circuits.
4 Make sure that all peripheral devices are also certified.
5 Make sure that appropriate cables are used to connect the device
to peripheral equipment.
6 Consult your equipment dealer, Agilent Technologies, or an
experienced technician for assistance.
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by Agilent
Technologies could void the user’s authority to operate the
equipment.
ICES/NMB-001
This ISM device complies with Canadian ICES- 001.
Cet appareil ISM est conforme à la norme NMB-001 du Canada.


Getting Started
2. Getting Started
Introduction 15
Unpacking 15
Installation 19
Voltage Selector 19
Installing an Absorption Cell 21
Installing the Workhead 21
Introduction
The Agilent ETC 60 replaces the air-acetylene flame as a heat source
to atomize the analyte hydrides in hydride generation methods of
analysis.
The running costs of the ETC 60 workhead are about 50% lower than
those incurred in flame heating of the tube, due to the elimination of
the costs of flame gases.
The ETC 60 consists of a Temperature Control Module and a
workhead containing a quartz absorption tube. It is designed to
operate with an Agilent AA Series spectrometer and the Agilent
VGA 77 vapor generation accessory.
If the instrument is used in any manner not specified by Agilent, the
protection provided by the equipment may be impaired.
Unpacking
Open the shipping case and remove the enclosed packages with care.
Carefully open the packages and inspect all parts for damage in
transit. Report damaged or incorrect items immediately.

Getting Started
In addition to this manual, you should have received one of each of

the following items:
Figure 1: Workhead Figure 2: Adapter for flame instruments
Figure 3 Pack of cells Figure 4 Temperature control module
Figure 5 Power cable Figure 6 Temperature sensor cable

Getting Started
Temperature Control Module

The Temperature Control Module monitors and regulates the
temperature of the quartz tube. A safety system is incorporated to
ensure that the tube temperature does not exceed 1025 °C. On start-
up the system checks that the temperature sensor is working
correctly.
The front panel consists of a two-line display and five keys. The
display keys correspond to menu items on the display.
Display
Keys
k5 k4 k3 k2 k1
Figure 7 Front panel of the ETC 60
Mounted in the back panel are the following connectors:

 Mains power inlet with mains power switch and fuse holder,
which also acts as the mains voltage selector
 Computer connection (serial interface, RS-232)
 Thermocouple input (temperature sensor)
 Power outlet to the workhead (cell heater)
Temperature
Power sensor
switch, mains
connection,
and voltage
selector Serial Cell heater
interface connection
Figure 8 Rear panel of the ETC 60

Getting Started
Workhead
The workhead consists of a stainless steel case containing:
 A quartz absorption tube
 The heating element
 The temperature sensor
WARNING Electrical Shock

The workhead is connected to mains power. Contact with components
operating at mains potentials can cause death, serious injury or
harmful electric shock. Only open the workhead when the unit is
disconnected from the mains power supply.
The heating element is a specially designed high-temperature

filament. The temperature sensor is in direct contact with the quartz
tube, to enable a rapid temperature response. The quartz cell, heating
element, and temperature sensor are insulated by inert alumina and
silica wool.
WARNING Sharp Objects

Broken glass can cause severe cuts to hands. Handle the workhead
with care, as the sidearm of the quartz tube is fragile and easily broken.
If the quartz cell is broken, it must be replaced. Replacement cells are

available from Agilent (two per pack).
CAUTION The supply cord to the workhead must only be replaced by a manufacturer
approved part.

Getting Started
Installation
Before proceeding with the installation, you must be familiar with
the ‘Safety Practices and Hazards’ section and the correct power
requirements must be available (refer to Appendix A).
Position the instrument for easy access to the power switch or
disconnecting device.
Allow at least 50 mm (2 in.) of space on the sides, and 150 mm (6 in.)
at the rear of the system to permit free air circulation.
Voltage Selector
A combined voltage selector/fuse holder is located in the rear panel
of the Temperature Control Module, immediately below the mains
power supply socket, as shown in Figure 9. The ETC 60 operates on
100–120 VAC, 220–240 VAC (50/60 Hz). It is shipped with 220–240 V
selected.
Figure 9 Power switch, mains connection, and fuse holder/voltage selector

Do not replace power cord with one of a lower rating than specified.
Use only Agilent supplied power cord for your country.

Getting Started
Check that the correct voltage is selected for your laboratory’s

electricity supply, for example, in Figure 9 the current voltage range
is 110–120 V. The selected voltage is indicated by the triangles that
line up along the lower edge of the fuse holder. If necessary, change
the voltage selector by removing the fuse holder and replacing it in
its alternate orientation.
To change the voltage setting:
1 Ensure that the mains power is off and the power cable is
removed.
2a 2b 3 4 5
Figure 10 Changing the voltage selection
2 Remove the fuse holder/voltage selector from the rear panel:

a Place the tip of a small flat-blade screwdriver into the slot
located just under the center earth pin on the mains power
input connector. Gently lever the screwdriver to partly
remove the holder/selector.
b Remove the holder/selector by sliding it out of the panel.
3 Rotate the holder/selector so that the required voltage range is at
the bottom.
4 Remove the fuse from the upper left side of the fuse holder, and
place it into the socket on the right side of the holder.
5 Replace the holder/selector into its socket, so that the triangles
on the lower edge of the holder/selector line up and indicate the
selected voltage range.

Getting Started
Installing an Absorption Cell

To install an absorption cell:
1 Undo the latches on the ETC 60 workhead cover and open the
cover.
2 Carefully place the cell into the workhead. Ensure that the inlet
stem is located in the groove at the front of the workhead.
3 Carefully close the workhead cover and secure the latches.
Figure 11 The ETC 60 workhead
Installing the Workhead

To install an absorption cell:
1 Place the Temperature Control Module on top of the
spectrometer.
2 Remove the upper and lower flame shields from the
spectrometer.
3 If it is fitted, remove the burner from the spraychamber.
4 Remove the spraychamber and store it in the stand provided.
5 Align the lamps in your instrument.
6 Fit the two lugs on the workhead bracket into the two holes on
top of the burner adjuster.

Getting Started
Holes on burner adjuster Lugs on workhead bracket

Figure 12 Preparing to fit the workhead bracket
Figure 13 Workhead bracket fitted to the burner adjuster
7 Screw the thumbscrew through the bracket support and into the
side of the burner adjuster to hold the bracket in place.

8 Fit the ETC 60 workhead into the hole in the bracket and push
down firmly to seat this in the bracket.

Getting Started
9 Connect the temperature sensor cable to the workhead.
NOTE The pins on the connector are sized differently and will only fit one way.
10 Ensure the cable curves down to the rear right hand side of the
sample compartment and then out towards the front of the AA.
NOTE The cables must be lying naturally with no strain on them; otherwise the
workhead may be pulled out of alignment.
11 Plug the cell heater and temperature sensor cables into the
appropriate sockets in the rear of the Temperature Control
Module.
12 Optimize the workhead position for maximum light transmission
by using the burner adjustment controls.
13 Check the rotational alignment of the workhead by rotating it to
maximize the signal.
14 Carefully attach the black fluoroelastomer tubing to the inlet cell
stem taking care not to shift the workhead position. If necessary,
reoptimize the workhead position using the burner adjuster
controls.

15 Mount the VGA on to the instrument as outlined in the manual

that ships with the accessory.
16 Carefully connect the black fluoroelastomer tubing to the outlet
of the VGA gas-liquid separator.

Getting Started
17 Connect the mains power cable to the Temperature Control

Module.
The system is now ready for use.
The RS-232 connector on the back panel of the control module is
used to download software upgrades to the ETC 60. Plug in the
RS-232 cable (option) to this connector and connect the other end of
the cable to your computer. This connection allows direct control of
the temperature settings from within the SpectrAA software, version
5 or later.

Operation
3. Operation
Power Up 27
Making Selections 28
Methods 29
Changing Settings 31
Unattended Operation 32
Shutdown Procedure 33
WARNING Noxious Gas — Corrosive Liquid – Eye Hazard

Vapor generation methods of analysis involve the generation of toxic hydrides
and require the use of materials which are toxic, highly corrosive or
otherwise hazardous. Careless, improper, or unskilled use of such materials
can cause serious personal injury.
Always ensure that laboratory safety practices governing the use, handling,
and disposal of such materials are strictly observed. These safety practices
should include wearing of appropriate safety clothing.
In the VGA 77 system, highly concentrated acids are being pumped under
pressure. If a leak occurs, these acids could cause serious personal injury.
Always wear approved safety glasses warranted to protect the eyes. Never
pump concentrated sulfuric acid through the VGA.
The ETC replaces the air-acetylene flame as a heat source to atomize

the analyte hydrides. When using the Agilent ETC 60 you will need to
select the ETC-60 option in the Vapor mode parameter on the
Type/Mode tab of the Method Edit page.

Operation
Turn all instrument gases off at the cylinders. Leave only the inert
supply to the VGA 77 operating.
The instructions contained in this section provide general operating
procedures when using the ETC 60. For temperature settings for
specific elements, refer to the ‘Analytical Notes’ section. For details
on caring for the workhead, refer to the ‘Maintenance’ section
When the ETC 60 is operating, the quartz tube glows red. Most of this
glow is caused by reflected light from the heater, although the
sidearm does become warm.
NOTE The reflected light interferes with the operation of the flame sensor, preventing
operation of the AA instrument. Tape a burner cleaning card over the sensor
hole to prevent the reflected light interfering with the flame sensor.
TIP The flame sensor is the smaller of the two holes, situated on the right side of
the sample compartment of an Agilent 200 Series AA spectrometer.
CAUTION Remember to remove the card when determinations with the ETC have been
completed. Do not cover the flame sensor for conventional flame operation. If
ignition is attempted with the card in place the flame will light but will be
extinguished when the ignite button is released.

Operation
Power Up
Ensure that the ETC 60 is correctly installed as previously detailed,
turn on the power switch to power up the module. The ETC 60 will
perform a self-test that takes a few seconds. If all functions are
operating correctly, the display will show the following:
M V1.30 ETC-60 temperature controller
After about half a second, the display will change:
MAIN MENU ETC-60

run setup
The ETC 60 is now ready for normal operation.

For normal operation with SpectrAA software, use the RS-232 cable
to connect the ETC 60 temperature control module to the serial port
of the controlling computer. Control of the module will be taken over
by the SpectrAA software and the display will show:
REMOTE temp: +925°C
NOTE If you are using Version 4 (or earlier) of SpectrAA software, remove any
connection between the ETC 60 and a computer. Earlier versions of the
SpectrAA software do not support control of the ETC 60.
Error on Startup
If the ETC 60 encounters an error in the embedded software in the
control module, the display first shows the following:
*** SELFTEST ***

Operation
Followed by the boot software version number:
ETC-60 B 1.3
And finally:
Standby
The above sequence of displays indicates that the ETC 60 is unable to

be operated normally due to the error. New software can be
downloaded to the ETC 60 from a PC by the serial interface. Contact
Agilent for more information or to obtain assistance from an Agilent
field service engineer.
TIP If the temperature control module is switched on without the thermocouple

connected, the ETC 60 will go into a permanent error state when the self test is
complete. To clear this error: switch off the module, connect the thermocouple
cable, and power up the ETC 60 temperature control module again.
Making Selections
The ETC 60 is menu driven by the keys beneath the display. Available
options are indicated on the lower line of the display. In the Main
menu, there are two choices: run and setup, and these choices are
selected by pressing keys k3 or k2 respectively.
Figure 14 Main menu

Operation
Common Menu Options

Some items are common to more than one menu:
back — return to previous menu
OK — accept displayed values and return to previous menu
start — start the method
+/− — increase/decrease the selected parameter
Methods
With the ETC 60, you can run the following types of methods:
 Predefined isothermal
 Manual isothermal
 Manual step
Predefined Isothermal Methods

The following standard methods are predefined in the ETC 60 (all are
for 15 minutes) for use with earlier versions of SpectrAA software:
Table 1 Predefined isothermal methods
As Sb Bi Se Sn Te
°C 925 850 850 850 900 900
NOTE If you are using Agilent SpectrAA software, version 5 or later, the ETC 60
downloads the appropriate temperature from the computer.
To select a predefined method from the main menu, select run, then
method. Some of the elements will be shown. To see other methods,
select >>>.

Operation
Select the key corresponding to the method in the display. The

display will show the parameters of the method. For example,
selecting the As method for arsenic would display:
METH As T_start Time 23 °C

stop 925 °C 15:00 start
The actual cell temperature is displayed in the upper right corner. If

you want to change the start temperature or time, press the k4 or k3
key respectively, then change the parameters according to the
‘Changing Settings’ section, Page 31.
NOTE Any changes to a method are saved automatically, even if the temperature
control module is switched off.
To start the method, select start. The display changes:
METH As T_start Time 15:00 138 °C

stop 925 °C 15:00 hold
When the start temperature is reached the time will start to count
down. Key k1 is now a toggle switch to hold or restart the
countdown for a running method.
TIP You cannot hold until the workhead is at the isothermal temperature.
You can now make hydride generation measurements in accordance

with the instructions in the VGA operation manuals.
Manual Isothermal Method

To select this method, from the main menu select run, then manual,
then iso.
Operation is the same as for a predefined isothermal method.

Operation
Manual Step Method

This consists of a start temperature, end temperature, a temperature
step size, and a time during which each temperature step will be
maintained.
To select this method, from the main menu select run, then manual,
then steps. The following is displayed:
STEPS T_start T_end time/step 23 °C

stop 800 °C 900 °C 10:00/10 °C start
You can change the settings as described in the ‘Changing Settings’

section.
NOTE Any changes to a method are saved automatically, even if the temperature
control module is switched off.
The end temperature (T_end) may be higher or lower than the start
temperature (T_start). If the program is running, the time for each
next step begins to run directly after completion of the previous step,
so the time is already running while the cell is heated to the set
temperature of the next step. The last step in the step program is just
large enough to reach the end temperature.
Changing Settings
To change a setting, select the key corresponding to the parameter
you want to change. You will see the change menu:
OK + −
To change the setting, press and hold the appropriate key.

When changing temperatures the change will be in units until a
multiple of 10 is reached. The change will then be in tens until a
multiple of 100 is reached. The change is then in hundreds. Release
the key to restart the change in single units.

Operation
When changing times, the change will be in seconds until a multiple

of a minute is reached, then the change will be in minutes.
Select OK to accept the settings.
Unattended Operation
As there is no flame present, you can use the AA spectrometer,
VGA 77, ETC 60, and an autosampler for unattended operation.
CAUTION When performing unattended operations ensure that all waste connections are
securely mated and that waste containers are large enough to accommodate all
of the waste that will be generated during the unattended run period.
When an AA system is operated unattended, the VGA should be

powered through a timer socket. When the timer elapses, all power to
the VGA is turned off, shutting down the peristaltic pump of the VGA
and saving reagents.
NOTE Even when the power switched off, approximately 50 mL/min of inert gas will
flow through the VGA.
Timer sockets are available from most commercial electrical or

department stores. You should carefully check that the equipment
connected to the timer socket does not exceed the rated capacity of
the socket.
When calculating the required setting for a timer switch, be sure to
consider the time taken for on-going instrument calibration. The
operational time can be calculated and a further time added to this
(15–30 minutes). The switch off time can then be set on the timer.

Operation
Shutdown Procedure
To shut down your AA system:
1 Turn off the ETC 60.
2 Leave the VGA 77 on. Place the uptake capillary tubes in distilled
water and leave the VGA running for five minutes to flush the
system.
3 Remove the uptake tubes and let the VGA pump air for one
minute. Turn off the VGA and release the pump beds. Refer to the
VGA 77 manual for details.
4 Turn off the inert gas.
WARNING Hot Surface – Electrical Shock

The workhead will be very hot, and contact with it could cause severe
burns. Always ensure that the workhead is allowed to cool before
attempting to remove it from the sample compartment.
cable disconnected from the mains supply BEFORE any attempt is made
to remove or replace the workhead, or the cables connecting the
workhead to the Temperature Control Module.

Operation

Analytical Notes
4. Analytical Notes
Arsenic 36
Mercury 36
Optimal Temperature Determination 37
The procedures for preparation of samples, standards, and reagents

are the same as when using an air-acetylene flame. The spectrometer
operating conditions will also be the same as when using an air-
acetylene flame, except the Vapor mode parameter should be set to
ETC-60, when using this accessory.
The ETC 60 permits atomization of analyte hydrides at the
appropriate temperature for each analyte. The temperature of the
electrically heated quartz tube is generally lower than that of the
flame heated quartz tube, and so the residence time of atoms in the
quartz tube is longer than when a flame is used. This results in
greater residence times for the atoms in the light path, resulting in an
increase in sensitivity. Typical improvements in sensitivity of around
20% or more can be expected, depending upon the analyte.
Table 2 lists the suggested optimum temperatures for production of
atomic vapor from the hydride.
Table 2 Optimum temperatures for specific elements

Element, Symbol Temperature (°C)
Arsenic, As 950 (refer to Page 36)
Antimony, Sb 900
Bismuth, Bi 850
Selenium, Se 850
Tellurium, Te 850
Tin, Sn 900

Analytical Notes
Arsenic
TIP Use the 189.0 nm line and add 1% oxygen to the inert gas flow to improve
sensitivity for arsenic determinations. Add the oxygen directly before the
hydride vapor enters the tube.
Mercury
The flow-through mercury cell will not fit inside the workhead of the
ETC 60. If mercury determinations are being carried out using the
ETC 60, the standard flow through the cell must be used.
NOTE When using the ETC 60 for mercury determinations there may be a slight loss of
sensitivity in comparison to measurements made using the flow-through mercury
cell.
WARNING Noxious Gas

Mercury (Hg) vapor is highly toxic. Always ensure that laboratory safety
practices governing the use, handling, and disposal of mercury-containing
materials are strictly observed. These safety practices should include
ensuring adequate ventilation to minimize exposure to the vapor and
adherence to local environmental regulations regarding its subsequent
release into the atmosphere.
If the ETC 60 is used for the determination of mercury, the

Temperature Control Module should either be turned off or set to a
temperature of 0 °C — unless condensation starts to occur.

Analytical Notes
NOTE If condensation forms inside the cell, program the ETC 60 to operate at a
constant temperature of approximately 100 °C. You can set the optimal
isothermal temperature to suit your analytical requirements but never exceed
300 °C when analyzing for mercury.
Optimal Temperature Determination

To determine the optimum temperature for your analysis:
1 Set up the instrument and install the ETC 60 as described in the
‘Getting Started’ section.
2 Set the temperature to 300 °C (100 °C for mercury) and wait for
the ETC 60 to reach the temperature.
3 Go to the Instrument parameters page, and set the Measurement
time to read 30 s, four replicates, and Delay time to 0 s.
4 Set the signal graphics to display 0–250 sec and an Absorbance
range of −0.20–1.00 A.
5 Pump a solution of the analyte (10–20 ppb) through the system.
6 Press Read and monitor the signal graphics. When a stable signal
has been achieved, increase the temperature by 50 °C and then
monitor the signal graphics.
NOTE Do not exceed 300 °C when optimizing for mercury.
7 Repeat Step 6 until the signal strength does not increase with
increase in temperature.
The lowest temperature at which the maximum stable signal is
obtained is the optimum temperature setting for your analysis.

Analytical Notes

Maintenance
5. Maintenance
Daily Maintenance 39
Replacing the Fuse 39
Quartz Absorption Cell 40
Removing the Workhead 42
Daily Maintenance
Due to the use of corrosive reagents in the vapor generation
technique, the panels of the ETC 60 Temperature Control Module
must be cleaned at the end of daily use with a soft cloth dampened
with mild detergent solution. It is not necessary to clean the
workhead.
Replacing the Fuse
WARNING Electrical Shock

To prevent reduced safety protection or unwanted fusing, a blown fuse
should be replaced with one of the size and rating stipulated in the text
adjacent to the fuse holder.
Always ensure the accessory is turned off and disconnected from the
mains supply before attempting any replacement.
To replace the fuse:

1 Remove the fuse holder from the rear panel of the module as
described in the ‘Voltage Selector’ section, refer to Page 20.
2 Replace the blown fuse with a new one.

Maintenance
3 Replace the holder/selector into its socket, so that the triangles

on the lower edge of the holder/selector line up and indicate the
selected voltage range.
Quartz Absorption Cell

The quartz absorption cell of the ETC 60 has a finite lifetime, which
is dependent upon the atomization temperature used and the effects
of reagents and sample matrices. Since the quartz cell of the ETC 60
is heated under controlled conditions, an improvement in tube
lifetime may result when compared to flame heating. Typically the
quartz cell will last between 300–1000 hours, depending upon
analytical conditions.
The lifetime of a quartz cell can be extended in one of two ways:
 Cut the connecting tube from the gas-liquid separator to the
quartz cell, and insert a small plastic Y-connector. Close the tail
of the ‘Y’ with a tube and laboratory clip. Any spray or foam
carried over by the gas stream from the separator impinges on
the walls of the ‘Y’ as the gas suddenly changes direction. The
resulting liquid drains into the ‘Y’ tail. Typically, less than 0.5 mL
will be collected during 8 hours of operation.
 Instead of using a Y-connector, fit a desiccant tube to capture and
retain any spray. Pack the tube so as not to create excessive back
pressure. Contact your Agilent field service engineer for advice
on how to do this.
The best indication of whether a quartz cell has reached the end of its
lifetime is sensitivity. You should keep a record of cell sensitivity for
each of the elements you determine, and update it at the start of each
analysis. An example of a table for tracking sensitivity is provided in
Appendix C.
The quartz absorption cell inside the workhead is replaceable. Once
the cell fails, or its sensitivity is affected, it should be replaced.
Agilent recommends that you always have spare cells available in
case of breakage

Maintenance
Replacing the Absorption Cell
Hot Surface – Electrical Shock

WARNING The workhead will be very hot, and contact with it could cause severe
attempting to remove or replace the cell.
cable disconnected from the mains supply BEFORE any attempt is
made to remove or replace the cell.
To replace the absorption cell:

1 Ensure that the mains power is off and the power cable is
removed.
2 If the ETC 60 has been operating, allow the workhead to cool
down to ambient room temperature.
Sharp Objects
WARNING Broken glass can cause severe cuts to hands. Handle the workhead
with care, as the sidearm of the quartz tube is fragile and easily
broken.
3 Carefully disconnect the black fluoroelastomer tubing from the

inlet of the absorption cell.
4 Undo the latches on the ETC 60 workhead cover and open the
cover.
5 Remove the absorption cell from the workhead.
6 Carefully place the replacement cell into the workhead. Ensure
that the inlet stem is located in the groove at the front of the
workhead.
7 Carefully close the workhead cover and secure the latches.

Maintenance
8 Reconnect the black fluoroelastomer tubing from the outlet of the

VGA gas-liquid separator to the inlet cell stem taking care not to
shift the workhead position. If necessary, reoptimize the
workhead position using the burner adjuster controls.
9 Reconnect the mains power cable to the ETC 60 temperature
control module.
The system is now ready for use.
Removing the Workhead
WARNING Hot Surface – Electrical Shock

The workhead will be very hot, and contact with it could cause severe
attempting to remove it from the sample compartment.
cable disconnected from the mains supply BEFORE any attempt is made
to remove or replace the workhead, or the cables connecting the
workhead to the Temperature Control Module.
Removal of the workhead is the reverse of the installation procedure

outlined in ‘Installing the Workhead’ section, Page 21.

Appendices
6. Appendices
Appendix A — Specifications 43
Appendix B —Errors 44
Warning Messages 44
Fatal Errors 45
Appendix C — Sensitivity Test Record Sheet 46
Appendix C — Sensitivity Test Record Sheet (cont.) 47
Appendix A — Specifications
Dimensions (w × d × h) 25.5 × 26 × 8 cm
Weight 5 kg
Sample temperature range ambient–1025 °C
Temperature precision±1 °C
Power consumption 550 VA max
Fuse rating 100–120 VAC, T6.3AH250V; 220–240 VAC, T3.15AH250V
Thermocouple type K (NiChrome/Nickel)
Operating voltage 100–120 VAC, 220–240 VAC
Frequency 50/60 Hz
Mains power connector three-pin male (standard IEC type)

Appendices
Environmental
Condition Altitude Temp Humidity (%RH)
(°C) non-condensing
Non-operating (transport) 0–2133 m 5–45 20–80
(0–7000')
Operating within 0–853 m 10–35 8–80
performance specifications (0–2800')
853–2133 m 10–25 8–80
(2800–7000')
For optimum analytical performance, it is recommended that the

ambient temperature of the laboratory is between 20–25 °C and held
constant to within ±2 °C throughout the entire working day.
Appendix B —Errors
There are two types of errors: warning and fatal:
 Warnings will be displayed on the screen for three seconds and
the ETC 60 will continue to operate normally.
 Fatal errors messages remain on the display, the power to the
cell is disconnected, and the ETC 60 will cease operating.
When either a warning or a fatal error occurs, the ETC 60 will beep.
To clear fatal errors, switch the ETC 60 off. If the error recurs,
contact your Agilent field service engineer.
Warning Messages
WAR_ALL_OTPROM
Checksum error in the nonvolatile memory where the calibration
data is stored. The default calibration data is reloaded and this might
slightly decrease the temperature accuracy.
Please check with your Agilent field service engineer.

Appendices
WAR_ALL_DFLT_EEPROM
Checksum error in the nonvolatile memory where methods, LCD
contrast and LCD backlight are stored. The default settings are
restored. Check settings and change if necessary, then switch the
ETC 60 off then on again.
If the error persists, contact your Agilent field service engineer.
WAR_ALL_I2C_RD_EEPROM or WAR_ALL_I2C_RD_EEPROM
Error during reading or reprogramming nonvolatile memory. This
will not affect normal operation, but settings may be lost when the
ETC 60 is switched off.
WAR_ALL_WATCHDOG
A watchdog reset has occurred. After the warning the ETC 60 will be
in the normal 'power on state. This should only occur after a software
hang-up. For example; following a large mains power spike.
WAR_ALL_AMB
Ambient temperature measurement too high or too low. Ambient
temperature is used for the thermocouple cold junction and for LCD
contrast control. Check the operating environment of the ETC 60.
Fatal Errors
ERR_T_HIGH
Measured temperature of the cell assembly is too high. Possible cause
is a defective power circuit.
ERR_HARDWARE
General error in the main printed circuit board.
ERR_AMB
Ambient temperature is out of range for correct operation, or the
ambient temperature measurement is faulty. Check the operating
environment.
ERR_T_HIGH_OR_TH_CPL or ERR_THERMO_CPI
Probably a disconnected or faulty thermocouple cable. Switch off the
ETC 60, check the thermocouple cable, and then switch the ETC 60
on. If the error recurs, the thermocouple may be faulty.

Appendices
Appendix C — Sensitivity Test Record Sheet

Solution (concentration): Matrix:
Date Absorbance Measured Concentration

__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____

Appendices
Appendix C — Sensitivity Test Record Sheet (cont.)

Solution (concentration): Matrix:
Date Absorbance Measured Concentration

__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____
__/__/____

Appendices

www.agilent.com
In This Book
The manual describes the following:
 Safety Practices and Hazards
 Getting Started
 Operation
 Analytical Notes
 Maintenance
 Appendices
© Agilent Technologies 1995-1997, 2000,

2004, 2010, 2012, 2016
06/16
*8510137200*
*8510137200*
8510137200
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Agilent Electrothermal Temperature Controller ETC 60: User's Guide

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Agilent Electrothermal

2 Agilent Electrothermal Temperature Controller ETC 60 User’s Guide

Agilent Electrothermal Temperature Controller ETC 60 User’s Guide 3

4 Agilent Electrothermal Temperature Controller ETC 60 User’s Guide

Replacing the Absorption Cell 41

Agilent Electrothermal Temperature Controller ETC 60 User’s Guide 5

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6 Agilent Electrothermal Temperature Controller ETC 60 User’s Guide

1. Safety Practices and Hazards

Verifying Safe State

Agilent Electrothermal Temperature Controller ETC 60 User’s Guide 7

To ensure continued safety of the instrument after maintenance or

8 Agilent Electrothermal Temperature Controller ETC 60 User’s Guide

Agilent Electrothermal Temperature Controller ETC 60 User’s Guide 9

Always ensure that laboratory safety practices governing the use,

Notes and Tips

NOTE This is a note.

Warning and Caution Messages

WARNING Name of Warning

A Caution message is used when failure to observe instructions could

CAUTION This is a caution statement.

10 Agilent Electrothermal Temperature Controller ETC 60 User’s Guide

Corrosive liquid Electrical shock Eye hazard

Hot surface Noxious gas Sharp objects

The following symbol may be used on warning labels attached to the

0 Mains power off

Single phase alternating current

Agilent Electrothermal Temperature Controller ETC 60 User’s Guide 11

12 Agilent Electrothermal Temperature Controller ETC 60 User’s Guide

Class A equipment is equipment suitable for use in all

Agilent Electrothermal Temperature Controller ETC 60 User’s Guide 13

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14 Agilent Electrothermal Temperature Controller ETC 60 User’s Guide

Agilent Electrothermal Temperature Controller ETC 60 User’s Guide 15

In addition to this manual, you should have received one of each of

Figure 1: Workhead Figure 2: Adapter for flame instruments

Figure 3 Pack of cells Figure 4 Temperature control module

Figure 5 Power cable Figure 6 Temperature sensor cable

16 Agilent Electrothermal Temperature Controller ETC 60 User’s Guide

Temperature Control Module

Figure 7 Front panel of the ETC 60

Mounted in the back panel are the following connectors:

Figure 8 Rear panel of the ETC 60

Agilent Electrothermal Temperature Controller ETC 60 User’s Guide 17

WARNING Electrical Shock

The heating element is a specially designed high-temperature

WARNING Sharp Objects

If the quartz cell is broken, it must be replaced. Replacement cells are

18 Agilent Electrothermal Temperature Controller ETC 60 User’s Guide

Figure 9 Power switch, mains connection, and fuse holder/voltage selector

Agilent Electrothermal Temperature Controller ETC 60 User’s Guide 19

Check that the correct voltage is selected for your laboratory’s

2 Remove the fuse holder/voltage selector from the rear panel:

20 Agilent Electrothermal Temperature Controller ETC 60 User’s Guide

Installing an Absorption Cell

Figure 11 The ETC 60 workhead

Installing the Workhead

Agilent Electrothermal Temperature Controller ETC 60 User’s Guide 21

Holes on burner adjuster Lugs on workhead bracket

* SELFTEST *