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    Oral Cavity and Pharynx: Anterior View: Figure 23.7b

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    Немосјановић Ћудмила
    The oral cavity contains structures such as the palate, tongue, salivary glands, and teeth that assist in functions like chewing, swallowing, speech, and digestion. The palate separates the oral and nasal cavities. The tongue aids in chewing, mixing food with saliva, swallowing, and speech. The salivary glands produce saliva to cleanse the mouth and aid digestion. Teeth are classified by shape and function to cut, tear, and grind food.

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    Oral Cavity and Pharynx: Anterior View: Figure 23.7b

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    Немосјановић Ћудмила
    58 views14 pages
    The oral cavity contains structures such as the palate, tongue, salivary glands, and teeth that assist in functions like chewing, swallowing, speech, and digestion. The palate separates the oral and nasal cavities. The tongue aids in chewing, mixing food with saliva, swallowing, and speech. The salivary glands produce saliva to cleanse the mouth and aid digestion. Teeth are classified by shape and function to cut, tear, and grind food.

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    The oral cavity contains structures such as the palate, tongue, salivary glands, and teeth that assist in functions like chewing, swallowing, speech, and digestion. The palate separates the oral and nasal cavities. The tongue aids in chewing, mixing food with saliva, swallowing, and speech. The salivary glands produce saliva to cleanse the mouth and aid digestion. Teeth are classified by shape and function to cut, tear, and grind food.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPS, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pps, pdf, or txt
    58 views14 pages

    Oral Cavity and Pharynx: Anterior View: Figure 23.7b

    Uploaded by

    Немосјановић Ћудмила
    The oral cavity contains structures such as the palate, tongue, salivary glands, and teeth that assist in functions like chewing, swallowing, speech, and digestion. The palate separates the oral and nasal cavities. The tongue aids in chewing, mixing food with saliva, swallowing, and speech. The salivary glands produce saliva to cleanse the mouth and aid digestion. Teeth are classified by shape and function to cut, tear, and grind food.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPS, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pps, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    Oral Cavity and Pharynx: Anterior

    View

    Figure 23.7b
    Palate
     Hard palate – underlain by
    palatine bones and palatine
    processes of the maxillae
     Assists the tongue in chewing
     Slightly corrugated on either side
    of the raphe (midline ridge)
     Soft palate – mobile fold
    formed mostly of skeletal
    muscle
     Closes off the nasopharynx
    during swallowing
     Uvula projects downward from its
    free edge
    Tongue

     Occupies the floor of the mouth and fills the


    oral cavity when mouth is closed
     Functions include:
     Gripping and repositioning food during chewing
     Mixing food with saliva and forming the bolus
     Initiation of swallowing, and speech
    Tongue

     Intrinsic muscles change the shape of the


    tongue
     Extrinsic muscles alter the tongue’s position
     Superior surface bears three types of papillae
     Filiform – give the tongue roughness and provide
    friction
     Fungiform – scattered widely over the tongue and
    give it a reddish hue
     Circumvallate – V-shaped row in back of tongue
    Tongue

    Figure 23.8
    Salivary Glands

     Produce and secrete saliva that:


     Cleanses the mouth
     Moistens and dissolves food chemicals
     Aids in bolus formation
     Contains enzymes that break down starch
     Three pairs of glands – parotid,
    submandibular, and sublingual
    Salivary Glands

    Figure 23.9a
    Saliva: Source and Composition

     Secreted from serous and mucous cells of


    salivary glands
     A 97-99.5% water, slightly acidic solution
    containing
     Electrolytes – Na+, K+, Cl–, PO42–, HCO3–
     Digestive enzyme – salivary amylase
     Proteins – mucin, lysozyme, defensins, and IgA
     Metabolic wastes – urea and uric acid
    Teeth
     Primary and permanent dentitions have formed
    by age 21
     Primary – 20 deciduous teeth that erupt at
    intervals between 6 and 24 months
     Permanent – enlarge and develop causing the
    root of deciduous teeth to be resorbed and fall
    out between the ages of 6 and 12 years
     All but the third molars have erupted by the end of
    adolescence
     There are usually 32 permanent teeth
    Deciduous Teeth

    Figure 23.10.1
    Permanent Teeth

    Figure 23.10.2
    Classification of Teeth
     Teeth are classified according to their shape
    and function
     Incisors – chisel-shaped teeth adapted for cutting
    or nipping
     Canines – conical or fanglike teeth that tear or
    pierce
     Premolars (bicuspids) and molars – have broad
    crowns with rounded tips and are best suited for
    grinding or crushing
     During chewing, upper and lower molars lock
    together generating crushing force
    Tooth Structure

     Crown – exposed part


    of the tooth above the
    gingiva (gum)
     Neck – constriction
    where the crown and
    root come together
     Root – portion of the
    tooth embedded in
    the jawbone

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