DISCIPLINES AND IDEAS IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES

Quarter 1: Module 2
(Week 2-3)

Lesson 2 - Disciplines within the Social Sciences

BEGIN !!
We see all kinds of people around us. We talk, mingle, and interact with other people. The
picture above depicts the complexity of human nature and how varied our personalities are from another. While we belong
in the same community and may share the same norms, we are all entirely different from the way we think, act and behave given the
differing scenarios we encounter in our daily lives. The various disciplines in the social sciences attempt to study human society
depending on their focus of study in order to help us understand our very own intricacies. This lesson will help us to understand the
different disciplines within the social science.

YOUR TARGETS !!
At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to be able to:
1. identify the various social science disciplines;
2. compare and contrast the various social science disciplines; and
3. explain the nature of emergence of social science disciplines.

TRY THIS !!

Directions: Choose from the box appropriate answer to the following questions. Write it after each sentences.

Census ethnography migration gender

Artifact hominid balance of trade

Fossil prehistory culture

1. A description of a society's customary behaviors, beliefs, and attitudes. ______________

2. The movement of people from one country or place to another in order to live or work. ______________

3. Objects or materials made or modified for use by hominids. ______________

4. Any of a family of erect bipedal primate mammals that includes recent humans. _______________

5. The period of time in the past before people could write. _________________

6. The behavioral, cultural, or psychological traits typically associated with one sex. _________________

7. The customary ways of thinking and behaving of a particular population or society. _____________________

8. The hardened remains or impressions of plants and animals that lived in the past. _____________________

9. The difference in value between a country's imports and exports over a certain period of time. _____________________

10. The official process of counting the number of people in a country, city, or town. ________________________

DO THIS !!
Directions: With the following set of words, identify which discipline does it sounds like.

“Sounds Like”
1. Saw-Show-Logic =
2. Fall-Eye-Tea-Call Sense =
3. Jug-Rap-Fee =
4. Anne-Troop-Pole-Gie =
5. Echo-Know-Meek-S =
6. Say-Cool-Logic =
7. Dim-Mug-Grow-Pie =
8. Lung-Gauge=

EXPLORE !!

“PICTURE ANALYSIS”

Guide question:

What disciplines within social science is responsible for each picture?

1. 5.

6.
2.

7.

3.

4.
8.
 Lesson 2 : Disciplines within the Social Sciences
Social science disciplines pose different questions but they actually observe a common social phenomenon-everyday life
events and activities that involve people and a people living together in a particular society. Since there are two elements constituting
social science, one is society (hence, social) and the other is empirical analysis (hence, science), the study and understanding of social
phenomena presuppose or require an assumption that there is a reality out there that must be understood; that the means through which
they must be understood or comprehended by humans is through a thorough observation and critical analysis of facts, evidence, and
conditions found among the people living in a particular society. The aim of every social science is to characterize the nature of being
human. However, they approach this problem in a somewhat limited manner focusing and privileging one factor over the other as the
prime motivator of human existence.

Anthropology deals with the nature of human beings, both from a biological and cultural point of view. For anthropologists, culture
is a key factor that shapes human nature and that this culture is conditioned by both natural and social environments.

Economics, thought at times separated from the other social sciences due to its emphasis on quantitative analysis and mathematical
equations as representations of social behavior, focuses on markets, wealth, and resources that people construct and make use of in
order to live. Given the limited resources, economists study how these resources are allocated among the people and how they affect
the material condition of society.

Geography, on one hand, insists that it is the environment or the location of the people-a condition that exists outside of people-that
ultimately conditions the way people will behave in society. The proximity to certain geographic locations determines the kind of
society that will be formed or created over a period of time.

History, meanwhile, interprets that the past is part and parcel of the present as events that happened in the past shape the way people
make their decisions in the present.

Demography, deals with population as a unit of analysis. Demographic process such as birth migration and aging are investigated
because they impact on how society changes across a period of time.

Psychology asserts what is going on within the individual mind or the psyche-one’s feelings, joy, fears, worries, triumphs, and
struggles-does shape the way he or she views society and thus impacts on his or her relationship with people and the environment.

Political Science believes that it is politics is the political realm that captures human life.

Linguistics is the scientific study of language. It involves the analysis of language form, language meaning, and language
in context. Linguists traditionally analyse human language by observing an interplay between sound and meaning. Linguistics also
deals with the social, cultural, historical, and political factors that influence language, through which linguistic and language-based
context is often determined.

Emergence of the Disciplines of the Social Sciences

DISCIPLINES NATURE OF EMERGENCE KEY PERSONALITIES

Anthropology The rise of Western imperialism in the Franz Boas, Bronislaw Malinowski
18th and 19th centuries prompted interest
in the study of culture of the colonies.
Economics Economics became a separate discipline Adam Smith, Karl Marx
with the publication of Adam Smith’s
The Wealth of Nation in 1776.
Geography Geography became an academic Immanuel Kant, alexander von
discipline in the Europe during the 18 th Humboldt, carl Ritter
and 19th centuries while many geographic
societies were founded in the 19th century.
History The Greeks were the first writers of Herodotus, Thucydides, Leopold von
history and history of one of the oldest of Ranke
the social science.
Linguistics Modern linguistics started to develop in Ferdinand de Saussure, Jacques Derrida
the 18th century with philology reaching
its zenith in the 19th century.

Political Science As an academic discipline, political Plato, Aristotle, Agustine of Hippo,

science is relatively new field that was Niccolo Machiavelli, Thomas Hobbes,
principally worked on by American John Locke
scholars in the 19th and 20th centuries.
Sociology Sociology is a formal academic field of Auguste Comte, Karl Marx, Herbert
study was founded by Emile Durkheim Spencer, Emile Durkheim
during the late 19th century with
establishment if the first sociology
department in Europe.
Psychology In 1879, Wilhelm Wundt established the Wilhelm Wundt, G. Stanley Hall, John
first psychological laboratory in Leipzig Dewey, Sigmund Freud
(Germany) there by effectively making
psychology a formal field of study.
 Demography The 19th century saw the emergence of Thomas Malthus, Aldolphe Qeutelet,
demography when its separated from William Farr
statistics as a field of study

APPLY WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED !!

Activity 1. Directions: Using the Venn

Diagram compare and contrast the various social science disciplines.

Activity 2.
“Critical Thinking”

A. Utilizing the seven areas of sociology, where can the following subject matters ne included? Justify your answer.

1. Life aspirations of people living in the slum areas

2. Effect of technology on Filipino family
3. Motivations of OFWs in leaving the Philippines
4. Beliefs of any Filipino indigenous people on marriage

Activity 3.
“Concept Mapping”
Directions: Using the diagram below, summarize the nature of emergence of social science disciplines.

History Anthropology Psychology

 Linguistics Political Science

SOCIAL SCIENCE
DISCIPLINES

Demography Economics Sociology

REFLECT !!
Congratulations on the finishing the supplementary learning module! You have just had
an amazing learning journey and for sure, you will also do the same on the succeeding modules.
For the last time, share to the class your final insights by completing the following sentence prompts,
I have learned that
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

ASSESS WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED !!

Directions: With the following stated social problem, identify which discipline or disciplines may be inclined
to.

1. There is a need to know what happened to the once mighty Khmer Empire in Cambodia address the issue.

2. Divorce rates are increasing tremendously in the United States of America.

3. A college student have a difficult time dealing with school stressors that results in anxiety and tension

4. A high level of underemployment is being experienced by newly graduates despite having baccalaureate degrees

5. Overpopulation has become a threat for most Asian countries, like China and India.

6. The quality of air we constantly breathe affects our general health and well-being.

7. There are 38 languages around the world whose affiliation has yet to be established

8. The Callao Man may be the ancestors of early people in the Philippines.

9 Foreign aids are integral for development assistance to developing nations.

10. Ebola outbreak in West Africa is the most complex outbreak in the history of disease.

Reference:
Google Drive. ALL – IN – MODULE SENIOR HIGH. Access on August 20, 2020.
https://www.facebook.com100002442267884/posts/3233431426748234/?app=fb/