HauserL LA12 VisualAnalysis

1.
Review each of the graphs for equal and appropriate scaling of axes and to
identify data series, conditions, representation of time, and unit of analysis (e.g.,
participant, behavior, context). Explain your findings. (2 points)
When it comes to the scaling of my data from the graphing assignment, my Y axis
scale isn’t appropriate in order to successfully compare and measure the findings of each
participant. On excel, the data automatically was created with a different scale for each
participant on the Y axis, but the same for X axis. The Y axis should be the same across
participants to properly compare their results.
2. Examine research questions for the predicted pattern(s) of change in dependent

variables. Explain your findings. (2 points)
The research question would be stated as follows: “Does the intervention of
bedtime pass decrease bedtime resistance in the young children?” I would hypothesize
that based on the data, the bedtime pass intervention is overall effective. The data shows
that there is usually a decrease of bedtime resistance in the B1 and B2 phases across the
participants. I also think that if my Y axis were adjusted properly, this would be even
clearer.
3. Review the number of data points per condition. Evaluation data stability within
condition and determine if there is an adequate amount of data to establish a
predictable pattern in each condition for each participant. (2 points)
Based on the number of data points per condition, there is only one phase of one
participant where the amount of data would be considered inadequate. This is on the B2
intervention phase of Taylor’s graph. However, due to the immediate and drastic change
noted here, I would say that it is okay to continue with analysis. I also want to note the
variability in data for Emma’s graph. Each phase for Emma shows fairly high variability,
therefor it would be difficult to establish experimental control/continue with visual
analysis.
4. Analyze level, trend, and variability of data in each condition for each
participant. NOTE: You should be looking at each individual phase and should not
be comparing data across phases at this point. Determine if there are clear data
patterns within all conditions. Explain your findings. (5 points)
For Pedro’s data, A1 is highly variable at levels between moderate and high and
no trend. B1 has a decelerating trend with low levels and no variability. A2 shows
moderate variability at moderate levels with no trend. Finally, B2 shows low levels with
stability.
For Emma’s data, each phase shows high variability and reaches levels from low
to high overall. There is no trend or stability in her graph. This is why it would be
difficult to establish experiment control or patterns, and we should discontinue visual
analysis for her data.
For Taylor’s data, A1 is variable, but with high levels of data and somewhat of an
accelerating trend. B1 shows high levels and with an accelerating trend as well, but is less
variable. A2 shows an increasing trend at high levels, and doesn’t show variability. B2
demonstrates and immediate, drastic change to low levels of data and no variability. The
trend in this phase could be decreasing, but it is difficult to say with only 2 data points.
For Omar’s data, A1 is pretty stable and consistent with high levels of data and no
trend or variability. B1 is very consistent on very low levels of data showing no trend or
variability. A2 is very high levels of data with little variability and somewhat of an
increased trend. B2 is very low levels of data again, with no variability or trend to note.
5. Analyze level, trend, and variability/stability of data across adjacent conditions.
Determine if behavior change occurred across adjacent conditions. Using
information from step 4a, compare adjacent conditions for changes in magnitude of
levels and stability, changes in trend direction and stability, and changes in
variability or range of dependent measures across adjacent conditions. Explain your
findings. (5 points)
Even with some variability in Pedro’s baseline data, there seems to be a pattern of
decreasing bedtime resistance when comparing adjacent conditions. The phase of
intervention immediately after baseline shows lower levels.
Emma = N/A
Taylor’s data based on adjacent conditions is somewhat variable. From A1 to B1,
it would be difficult to find behavior change or pattern. However, from A2 to B2, there is
an immediate change noted, with few data points. This one shows enough pattern to want
to continue analysis but it’s borderline.
Omar’s data shows the most consistent and desired behavior change. From each
baseline phase, the intervention phase shows much lower levels of data with very high
consistency and very low variability.
6. Analyze the consistency of behavior change across conditions. Explain your

findings. (5 points)
Pedro has consistent data changes with predicted patterns because both
intervention phases show similar, lower levels. This shows that the intervention is likely
effective.
Emma = N/A
Taylor does not have consistent data changes, and there is not a predictable
pattern. This is because her two intervention phases show extremely different levels of
data and opposite trends. B1 is somewhat accelerating while B2 is decelerating. B2 is
also extremely low levels in comparison to the other phases, therefor there is no pattern to
expect. All of this being said, we shouldn’t continue visual analysis for this specific
participant.
Omar shows very consistent data changes. Both A1 to B1 and A2 to B2 show
immediate, drastic changes to lower levels of data that are very similar and consistent
with one another. This shows that the intervention is likely effective.
7. Make a summative conclusion regarding experimental control and functional

relation to answer your research question. You should have a summative conclusion
for each participant. Remember to discuss basic effects and functional relationships.
(2 points)
Pedro’s data shows a functional relationship because of the consistency in the
intervention data. Both intervention phases show lower levels of data with either a
decelerating trend or consistent trend. There is somewhat of a pattern showing that the
intervention data is lower than the baseline data each phase. This means we are able to
find trends, patterns, stability and consistency somewhere, and therefore can predict the
effectiveness of the bedtime pass for this participant.
Emma’s data does not show a functional relationship due to the lack of stability,
and not being able to establish experimental control.
Taylor’s data does not show a functional relationship due to the lack of
consistency and patterns. There is no way to predict the effectiveness of the intervention.
Omar’s data is the most consistent, with clear patterns. His data shows a pattern of
the baseline data being higher than the intervention, to support the hypothesis of the
bedtime pass being effective. His graph has consistency and very little variability. Omar’s
data is visually ideal, and shows a functional relationship.
8. Calculate the mean, median, and range across each condition for each
participant. Create a table, in APA format, to summarize these data. (3 points)
Pedro
Means: A1 – 46.67
B1 – 4.83
A2 – 24.33
B2 – 1.17
Medians: A1 – 57
B1 – 4.5
A2 – 22.5
B2 – 1
Ranges: A1 – 39
B1 – 8
A2 – 15
B2 – 2
Emma
Means: A1 – 3.83
B1 – 3.5
A2 – 2.86
B2 – 2.4
Medians: A1 – 4
B1 – 4
A2 – 3
B2 – 2
Ranges: A1 – 2
B1 – 4
A2 – 3
B2 – 3
Taylor
Means: A1 – 23.5
B1 – 24
A2 – 24.3
B2 – 0.5
Medians: A1 – 25
B1 – 25
A2 – 24.5
B2 – 0.5
Ranges: A1 – 13
B1 – 12
A2 – 8
B2 – 1
Omar
Means: A1 – 49.6
B1 – 0.5
A2 – 62
B2 – 0.43
Medians: A1 – 50
B1 – 0.5
A2 – 62
B2 – 0
Ranges: A1 – 3
B1 – 1
A2 – 2
B2 – 1

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1.

participants to properly compare their results.

2. Examine research questions for the predicted pattern(s) of change in dependent

The research question would be stated as follows: “Does the intervention of

difficult to establish experiment control or patterns, and we should discontinue visual

analysis for her data.

decreasing bedtime resistance when comparing adjacent conditions. The phase of

intervention immediately after baseline shows lower levels.

Taylor’s data based on adjacent conditions is somewhat variable. From A1 to B1,

to continue analysis but it’s borderline.

consistency and very low variability.

6. Analyze the consistency of behavior change across conditions. Explain your

data and opposite trends. B1 is somewhat accelerating while B2 is decelerating. B2 is

Omar shows very consistent data changes. Both A1 to B1 and A2 to B2 show

7. Make a summative conclusion regarding experimental control and functional

Pedro’s data shows a functional relationship because of the consistency in the

effectiveness of the bedtime pass for this participant.

and not being able to establish experimental control.

data is visually ideal, and shows a functional relationship.

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