Ansi Awwa C512-15 PDF
Ansi Awwa C512-15 PDF
Ansi Awwa C512-15 PDF
®
AWWA Standard
Air-Release, Air/Vacuum,
and Combination Air
Valves for Water and
Wastewater Service
SM
lication o f a standard does not constitute endorsement o f any product or product type, nor does AWWA test, certi fy,
or approve any product. The use o f AWWA standards is entirely voluntary. This standard does not supersede or take
precedence over or displace any applicable law, regulation, or code o f any governmental authority. AWWA standards
are intended to represent a consensus o f the water supply industry that the product described will provide satis factory
service. When AWWA revises or withdraws this standard, an o f cial notice o f action will be placed in the O f cial Notice
section o f Journal - American Water Works Association . The action becomes efective on the f rst day o f the month fol -
lowing the month o f Journal - American Water Works Association publication o f the o f cial notice.
proved the standard or not, from manu facturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures
not con forming to the standard. American National Standards are subject to periodic review, and users are cautioned
to obtain the latest editions. Producers o f goods made in con formity with an American National Standard are encour -
aged to state on their own responsibility in advertising and promotional materials or on tags or labels that the goods
are produced in con formity with particular American National Standards.
C au tion n otiCe : The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) approval date on the front cover o f this standard
indicates completion o f the ANSI approval process. This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at
any time. ANSI procedures require that action be taken to rea f rm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than f ve
years from the date o f ANSI approval. Purchasers o f American National Standards may receive current in formation on
all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New
York, N Y 1 0036; 21 2.642.4900; or emailing in [email protected].
ISBN-1 3, print: 978-1 -62576-1 1 8-7 eISBN-1 3, electronic: 978-1 -61 300-349-7
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/1 0.1 2999/AWWA.C51 2.1 5
All rights reserved. No part o f this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any in formation or retrieval system, except in the form o f
brie f excerpts or quotations for review purposes, without the written permission o f the publisher.
ii
User Members
L. Aguiar, Miami Dade Water and Sewer Department, Miami, Fla. (AWWA)
J.H. Bambei Jr., Denver Water Department, Denver, Colo. (AWWA)
N.E. Gronlund, East Bay Municipal Utility District, Oakland, Calif. (AWWA)
M. MacConnell, Metro Vancouver, Burnaby, B.C., Canada (AWWA)
B. Schade, WaterOne, Lenexa, Kan. (AWWA)
P. Ries,* Denver Water Department, Denver, Colo. (AWWA)
* Alternate
iv
Foreword Standard
I Introduction .................................... vii
I.A Background..................................... vii
1 General
1.1 Scope ................................................ 1
I.B History............................................ vii 1.2 Purpose ............................................. 1
I.C Acceptance ..................................... viii 1.3 Application........................................ 1
II Special Issues. ................................... ix References ........................................ 2
II.A Advisory Information on Product 2
I. Introduction.
I.A. Background. Air valves have been used in the United States for over a
century on liquid piping systems that provide water and wastewater service. Tey
perform various functions in providing a safe and efcient operation of a liquid
piping system. Teir functions include (1) automatically releasing small pockets of
accumulated air and wastewater gases, and (2) admitting or venting large quantities of
air during the draining or flling operation of a liquid piping system. Following are the
three basic types of air valves:
1. Air-release valves, also called small-orifce valves, are designed to automati-
cally release small pockets of accumulated air and wastewater gases from a liquid pip-
ing system while the system operates at a pressure exceeding atmospheric pressure.
2. Air/vacuum valves, also called large-orifce valves, are designed to vent large
quantities of air automatically during a liquid piping system flling and to admit large
quantities of air automatically when the pressure in the liquid piping system drops
below atmospheric pressure.
3. Combination air valves are designed to perform the same function as air/
vacuum valves but, in addition, they will automatically release small pockets of accu-
mulated air and wastewater gases from a liquid piping system while the system operates
at a pressure exceeding atmospheric pressure, like an air-release valve.
I.B. History. Te AWWA Standards Committee on Waterworks Air-Release
Valves was authorized on Nov. 17, 1984, in response to the water industry’s request for
a standard on air valves. Te frst edition of this standard entitled Air-Release, Air/
Vacuum, and Combination Air Valves for Waterworks Service, designated as AWWA/
ANSI C512, was approved by the AWWA Board of Directors on Jan. 26, 1992, the
second edition on June 20, 1999, the third edition on June 13, 2004, and the fourth
edition on June 24, 2007. In 2009, the committee name was changed to Air Valve
Committee to refect the committee’s attention to both the water and wastewater
industries. Tis edition entitled Air-Release, Air/Vacuum, and Combination Air Valves
for Water and Wastewater Service was approved on June 7, 2015.
* American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10036.
vi i
ix
xi i
® AWWA Standard
SEC TI ON 1 : G EN ER AL
document has been referenced and then only to air-release valves, air/vacuum valves,
or combination air valves for water and wastewater service.
SECTION 2: REFERENCES
Tis standard references the following documents. In their latest editions,
these documents form a part of this standard to the extent specifed in this stan-
dard. In any case of confict, the requirements of this standard shall prevail.
ANSI*/AWWA C550—Protective Interior Coatings for Valves and Hydrants.
ASME† B1.20.1 —Pipe Tread, General Purpose, Inch.
ASME B16.1 —Gray Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings: Classes 25, 125,
and 250.
ASME B16.42—Ductile Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings: Classes 150
and 300.
ASME B16.5 —Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings: NPS ½ Trough NPS
24 Metric/Inch Standard.
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX—Welding and Brazing
Qualifcations.
AS TM‡ A36/A36M—Standard Specifcation for Carbon Structural Steel.
ASTM A48/A48M—Standard Specifcation for Gray Iron Castings.
ASTM A105/A105M—Standard Specifcation for Carbon Steel Forgings for
Piping Applications.
ASTM A126—Standard Specifcation for Gray Iron Castings for Valves,
Flanges, and Pipe Fittings.
ASTM A240/A240M—Standard Specifcation for Chromium and Chro-
mium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for
General Applications.
ASTM A276/A276M—Standard Specifcation for Stainless Steel Bars and
Shapes.
ASTM A285/A285M—Standard Specifcation for Pressure Vessel Plates,
Carbon Steel, Low- and Intermediate-Tensile Strength.
* American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10036.
† ASME International, 2 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016.
‡ AS TM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428.
SECTION 4: REQUIREMENTS
4.2.2.1 Gray cast iron. Gray cast iron shall equal or exceed the require-
ments of ASTM A126, Class B, or AS TM A48/A48M, Class 35.
4.2.2.2 Brass or bronze. Valve components of brass or bronze shall
be made to AS TM requirements and shall have a minimum yield strength of
14,000 psi (96,500 kPa). Any bronze alloy used in the cold-worked condition
shall pass the mercurous nitrate test in accordance with AS TM B154 to mini-
mize susceptibility to stress corrosion.
4.2.2.2.1 Bronze parts subject to wetting by line contents shall be made
of low-zinc alloys containing less than 16 percent zinc. If aluminum-bronze is
used, the alloy shall be inhibited against dealuminization using a temper anneal at
1,200°F ±50°F (650°C ±28°C) for 1 hr/in. (25.4 mm) of section thickness, followed
by cooling in moving air or by water quenching.
4.2.2.3 Stainless steel. Stainless steel shall equal or exceed the requirements
of ASTM A240/A240M, Types 304 and 304L or Types 316 and 316L; ASTM A276,
Types 304 and 304L or Types 316 and 316L: AS TM A351/A351M, Grades CF8 or
CF8M; ASTM A666, Types 316 and 316L; or ASTM A743, Grades CF8 or CF8M.
4.2.2.4 Cover bolting. Cover bolting materials shall equal or exceed
the minimum physical strength requirements of AS TM A307, unless otherwise
required by the purchaser.
4.2.2.5 Ductile iron. Ductile iron shall equal or exceed the requirements
of AS TM A536, Grade 65-45-12.
4.2.2.6 Fabricated and forged carbon steel. Fabricated and forged carbon
steel shall equal or exceed the requirements of AS TM A36/A36M; AS TM A285,
Grades B and C; AS TM A516/A516M Grade 70; AS TM A572; ASTM A573; or
AS TM A105/A105M.
4.2.2.7 Fabricated stainless steel. Fabricated stainless steel shall equal or
exceed the requirements of AS TM A240/A240M.
4.2.2.8 Elastomers. Elastomers shall comply with the following:
4.2.2.8.1 Rubber shall be resistant to microbial attack, copper poisoning,
and ozone attack. Rubber compounds shall contain no more than 8 ppm of copper
ion and shall include copper inhibitors to prevent copper degradation of the rubber
material.
4.2.2.8.2 Rubber compounds shall be capable of withstanding an ozone-
resistance test when tested in accordance with ASTM D1149. Te tests shall be
conducted on the unstressed samples for 70 hr at 104°F (40°C) with an ozone
concentration of 0.5 ppm; and there shall be no visible cracking in the surfaces of
the test samples after tests.
4.2.2.8.3 Rubber compounds shall have a maximum compression set value
of 18 percent when tested in accordance with ASTM D395, Method B, for 22 hr
at 158°F (71°C).
4.2.2.8.4 Rubber compounds shall be free of vegetable oils, vegetable oil
derivatives, animal fats, and animal oils.
4.2.2.8.5 Rubber compounds shall contain no more than 1.5 parts wax
per 100 parts of rubber hydrocarbon and shall have less than a 2 percent volume
increase when tested in accordance with AS TM D471 after being immersed in
distilled water at 73.4°F ±2°F (23°C ±1°C) for 70 hr. Reclaimed rubber shall not
be used.
4.2.2.9 Gaskets. Gasket material shall be made of rubber composition
or paper that is free of asbestos or corrosive ingredients. O-rings or other suitable
elastomeric seals may be used for gaskets.
4.2.2.1 0 O-rings. O-rings shall be compounded in accordance with
ASTM D2000 and have physical properties suitable for the application.
Sec. 4.3 General Design and Detailed Design Requirements
4.3.1 General design.
4.3.1 .1 Allowable stress. Te allowable stress at valve design pressure shall
not exceed one-third of the yield strength or one-ffth of the ultimate strength of
the metallic materials used.
4.3.1 .2 Venting. Air-release valves and the air-release mechanism of com-
bination air valves shall be designed to open positively and release air and waste-
water gases to the atmosphere at system pressures up to the maximum operating
pressure, at a fow rate dictated by the venting orifce size.
4.3.2 Detailed design requirements.
4.3.2.1 Body and cover.
4.3.2.1 .1 Te material of construction for bodies and covers shall be of gray
cast iron, ductile iron, carbon steel, or stainless steel and shall have threaded or
f anged connections, as required by the purchaser.
4.3.2.1 .2 Large outlet orifces, air/vacuum valves, and combination air
valves 2-in. (50 mm) or larger shall have a minimum fow area equal to or greater
than the fow area of a circle having a diameter equivalent to the nominal valve
size. Valves for wastewater service smaller than 2-in. (50 mm) in size shall have
an enlarged inlet connection of at least 2 in. (50 mm) to reduce clogging. For
wastewater air valves, the large orifce area and corresponding nominal valve size
shall be determined by the air-fow requirements and the inlet connection shall
be equal to the orifce area or larger when designated by the purchaser.
4.3.2.1 .3 Te cylindrical or conical valve body for wastewater service shall
be elongated such that the interior height is at least twice the average interior diam-
eter. Te interior bottom shall be sloped and ftted with a minimum 1-in. (25-mm)
National Pipe Treads (NPT) cleanout drain port located near the bottom of the
valve and a minimum ½-in. (13-mm) NPT fush port near the top of the valve. If
required by the purchaser, the drain and fush ports shall be ftted with ball valves
and fttings to provide for the attachment of backwash equipment.
4.3.2.2 Valve connections. Valve connections shall conform to the fol-
lowing requirements:
4.3.2.2.1 Flanged-end dimensions and drilling for cast-iron bodies and cov-
ers shall conform to ASME B16.1 , Class 125 or Class 250. Flanged-end dimensions
and drilling for ductile-iron bodies and covers shall conform to ASME B16.42,
Class 150 or Class 300. Flanged-end dimensions and drilling for stainless-steel and
carbon steel bodies and covers shall conform to ASME B16.5, except fanges shall
be fat-faced unless otherwise required by the purchaser.
4.3.2.2.2 Treaded-end connections and drain and fush ports shall con-
form to the requirements for tapered pipe threads for general use, NPT, in accor-
dance with ASME B1.20.1 .
4.3.2.3 Floats. Floats shall be capable of withstanding collapse pressures
of at least 2.5 times the valve design pressure.
4.3.2.4 Flanged joint seals. Flanged joints shall be sealed with gaskets
that comply with Sec. 4.2.2.9 or with O-rings that comply with Sec. 4.2.2.10.
4.3.2.5 Orifces.
4.3.2.5.1 Te air-release valve outlet orifce shall be suitable to release at the
design fow rate the volume of air and wastewater gases that accumulates in a liquid
piping system over the range of operating pressures. Te orifce size is specifc to
the system releasing requirements.
4.3.2.5.2 Te air/vacuum valve outlet orifces shall be suitably sized, using
the manufacturer’s sizing data, to vent air or to admit air at a required fow rate
specifc to the system application.
4.3.2.6 Cover bolting. Unless otherwise required by the purchaser, bolts,
studs, and nuts shall comply with Sec. 4.2.2.4.
SECTION 5: VERIFICATION