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    Common Base Configuration

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    Vickey
    (1) A transistor can be connected in three configurations depending on how the input, output, and common terminals are arranged: common-base (CB), common-emitter (CE), and common-collector (CC). (2) In the common-base configuration, the emitter is the input, collector is the output, and base is common. (3) The input characteristic shows the emitter current increasing with increasing collector-base voltage due to the early effect which decreases the effective base width. The output characteristic shows the collector current being independent of the collector-base voltage and resembling a reverse-biased PN junction diode.

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    Common Base Configuration

    Uploaded by

    Vickey
    83 views7 pages
    (1) A transistor can be connected in three configurations depending on how the input, output, and common terminals are arranged: common-base (CB), common-emitter (CE), and common-collector (CC). (2) In the common-base configuration, the emitter is the input, collector is the output, and base is common. (3) The input characteristic shows the emitter current increasing with increasing collector-base voltage due to the early effect which decreases the effective base width. The output characteristic shows the collector current being independent of the collector-base voltage and resembling a reverse-biased PN junction diode.

    Original Description:

    Common base configuration explanation

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    (1) A transistor can be connected in three configurations depending on how the input, output, and common terminals are arranged: common-base (CB), common-emitter (CE), and common-collector (CC). (2) In the common-base configuration, the emitter is the input, collector is the output, and base is common. (3) The input characteristic shows the emitter current increasing with increasing collector-base voltage due to the early effect which decreases the effective base width. The output characteristic shows the collector current being independent of the collector-base voltage and resembling a reverse-biased PN junction diode.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    83 views7 pages

    Common Base Configuration

    Uploaded by

    Vickey
    (1) A transistor can be connected in three configurations depending on how the input, output, and common terminals are arranged: common-base (CB), common-emitter (CE), and common-collector (CC). (2) In the common-base configuration, the emitter is the input, collector is the output, and base is common. (3) The input characteristic shows the emitter current increasing with increasing collector-base voltage due to the early effect which decreases the effective base width. The output characteristic shows the collector current being independent of the collector-base voltage and resembling a reverse-biased PN junction diode.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7

    Analog Electronic Circuit

    (Transistor)

    Dr. Akshaya Kumar Pati, Ph. D.

    1
    Transistor Configuration
    • When a transistor is to be connected in a circuit, one terminal is used as an
    input terminal, the other terminal is used as an output terminal, and the
    third terminal is common to the input and output.
    • Depending upon the input, output, and common terminals, a transistor can
    be connected in three configurations.

    (i) Common-Base (CB) configuration


    (ii) Common-Emitter (CE) configuration
    (iii) Common-Collector (CC) configuration

    2
    Common Base(CB) Configuration
    • This is also called grounded-base configuration. In this configuration, the
    emitter is the input terminal, the collector is the output terminal, and
    the base is the common terminal.
    • The input signal is given between emitter and base, the output is taken
    between collector and base.

    3
    Current component in CB Configuration

    𝐼𝐸 = 𝐼𝐵 + 𝐼𝐶

    𝐼𝐶 = 𝛼𝐼𝐸 + 𝐼𝐶𝐵𝑂 (Some portion of the emitter current flows to the collector region)

    𝐼𝐶𝐵𝑂 = Reverse saturation or leakage current flows in base-collector junction

    The reverse saturation current is very small as compared to the 𝛼𝐼𝐸 , it can be neglected,
    hence 𝐼𝐶
    𝛼=
    𝐼𝐸
    • Here, alpha is defined as the collector current divided by the emitter current. It is called as Common Base
    current gain or current amplification factor of CB configuration.
    𝛥𝐼𝐶
    • If the input signal is varying with time(i.e. AC signal), the current amplification factor is represented as 𝛼 =
    𝛥𝐼𝐸

    • Since the collector current almost equals the emitter current, the alpha value is slightly less than 1.
    Its range normally, 0.95-0.99.
    4
    Characteristic of CB configuration:

    • Input characteristic: Graphical relationship between the emitter


    current(IE) and emitter base junction voltage(VEB) under various level
    of collector base junction voltage (VCB)
    • Output characteristic: Graphical relationship between the output
    current(IC) to an output voltage(VCB) under various level of input
    current(IE)

    5
    Input Characteristic
    To determine the input characteristics, the collector-base voltage VCB is kept constant at a particular voltage and
    VEB is increased to some voltage and the corresponding emitter current is measured. This experiment is
    repeated for different value of VCB

    From this curve it is observed that:


     The input characteristic behave like a forward characteristic
    of a PN junction diode

     The emitter current increases with increases in VCB voltage


    Reason:
    • By increasing the VCB, the base width become further decreases.
    • The decrease in the effective base width by increasing the
    reverse bias voltage of B-C junction is called as “Early Effect” or
    “Base width modulation”
    • Thus, the base current is less. As a result emitter current
    increases.

    6
    Output Characteristic
    • To determine the output characteristics, the emitter current IE is kept constant at a suitable
    value by adjusting the emitter-base voltage VEB. Then VCB is increased in suitable equal steps
    and the collector current IC is noted for each value of IE.
    • It is repeated for different value of IE
    𝐼𝑐 ≈ 𝐼𝑒
    So, Collector current is independent of VCB voltage.

    • The output characteristic behave like a reverse


    characteristic of a PN junction diode
    • In the active region, both B-E and B-C
    junction are reverse biased

    • In the cut-off region, both B-E and B-C


    junction are reverse biased

    • In the saturation region, both B-E and B-C


    junctions are forward biased

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