Answers To End-Of-Chapter Questions: © Cambridge University Press 2014 IGCSE Physics

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Answers to end-of-chapter questions

Chapter 13
1 a See Figure 13.5. 9 a Ray diagram correctly drawn showing
that the ray passes through both surfaces
b angle of incidence = angle of reflection
undeflected, that is, the ray remains
i=r
straight. [2]
2 a virtual
b
b the same size as
c object
d left–right inverted
3 See Figure 13.9a.
speed of light in a vacuum
4 a n= ray bends towards normal [1]
speed of light in the material
then away again [1]
so that it ends up parallel to original path [1]
b n = sin i
sin r c Parallel rays remain parallel. [1]
n = refractive index, i = angle of incidence,
10 a
r = angle of refraction 30° 30°
50° 50°
5 See Figure 13.12a. A B
6 See Figure 13.16a.
7 a converging
b closer than
In block A, reflected ray at equal angle [1]
c virtual; magnified
and refracted ray bent away from normal. [1]
8 normal In block B, reflected ray only, [1]
at equal angle. [1]
mirror b When the angle of incidence is greater
angle of angle of
than the critical angle, [1]
incidence i reflection r
there is only an internally reflected ray; [1]
incident ray reflected ray all of the ray is totally internally reflected. [1]

incident and reflected rays


correctly drawn [1]
normal correctly drawn [1]
angle of incidence correctly marked [1]
angle of reflection correctly marked [1]

© Cambridge University Press 2014 IGCSE Physics Answers to end-of-chapter questions: Chapter 13 1
11 a image 13 a i image behind mirror [1]
image same distance from mirror,
along line perpendicular to mirror [1]
ii reflected ray reaching eye [1]
mirror
direction of reflected ray coming
from image [1]

object b HIS, because S is not its own mirror image [1]


c both rays straight on at first surface [1]
Two rays in different directions
30° prism ray refracted down in air at
from a single point on the lamp [1]
second surface [1]
reflect off the mirror correctly [1]
45° prism ray reflected down in glass at
and are extrapolated back behind
second surface [1]
the mirror, [1]
90° reflection [1]
so that the image is at the point
straight on at third surface [1]
where they cross. [1]
b Each ray is reflected [1]
14 a i any two of these three rays from top
of object:
so that angle of incidence equals
parallel to axis to lens and on through
angle of reflection. [1]
focal point
c Light appears to come from a point undeviated through centre of lens
behind the mirror [1] as if from focal point to lens and then
but no light actually travels behind parallel to axis [2]
the mirror. [1] traced back to locate image [1]
12 a ray 2 ii any two of:
I F ray 1 virtual / upright / magnified / further
F O from lens / dimmer [1]
b i 3.4–3.6 cm [1]

Ray 1 continues straight through the ii magnifying glass [1]


centre of the lens, [1]
ray 2 bends at the lens [1]
and passes through the principal
focus F, [1]
so that the image is at the point
where they cross. [1]
b The image is real [1]
because it is formed where rays
of light meet. [1]
c The image is diminished [1]
because it is shorter than the object. [1]
d The image is inverted because it is
below the axis. [1]

© Cambridge University Press 2014 IGCSE Physics Answers to end-of-chapter questions: Chapter 13 2

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