ENGLISH 7

Quarter 1- Week 1
ANALOGY TO SHOW
RELATIONSHIPS OF WORDS
 Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION ---------------- 1

MOTIVATIONAL ACT ---------------- 2

Lesson 1 ---------------- 4

ACTIVITY 1 ---------------- 4

ACTIVITY 2 ---------------- 5

ANALOGY DISCUSSION - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 8

TYPES OF RELATIONSHIPS

IN ANALOGY ---------------- 9

ACTIVITY 3 ---------------- 10

ACTIVITY 4 ---------------- 12

ACTIVITY 5 ---------------- 13

ACTIVITY 6 ---------------- 14

ACTIVITY 7 ---------------- 15

ASSESSMENT ---------------- 16

ADDITIONAL ACT. ---------------- 18

ACTIVITY 8 ---------------- 18

ANSWER KEY ---------------- 19

REFFERENCES ---------------- 20
INTRODUCTION

Analogy is a powerful tool which challenges and encourages you to think

critically. It is a strong device used to show connections and comparisons between

unlike things which highlight how they are alike (Barbacena, 2010).

Oral language development lays the foundation for the skills in reading and writing.

These skills will be developed later as you progress through school. Solid foundation

in oral language will help you become a successful reader and strong communicator.

It also boosts your confidence and overall sense of well-being.

After working on this module, you will be able to supply appropriate terms to

complete an analogous series of words or expressions; specifically, you will be able

to:

1. define analogy;

2. determine the relationship of a given set of words in analogy;

3. compare traits of characters in the story read using analogy; and

4. supply terms to complete analogous series of words based on sentence form,

analogous pair and figurative analogy.

1.
MOTIVATIONAL ACTIVITY

Before starting with this module, let us see what you already know about
analogy. Answer the questions below.

Directions: Read the statements carefully then write the letter of your choice in your
English notebook.

I. Analogy in sentence form: Choose the word that best completes each
analogy.

1. Bark is to Dog as Meow is to ________.

A. Bird B. Cat C. Pig
2. Banana is to Yellow as Makopa is to ______ .
A. Blue B. Orange C. Red

3. Ear is to Hear as Tongue is to ______.

A. Sight B. Smell C. Taste
4. Mango is a Fruit as Rose is a _______.
A. Flower B. Spicy C.
Vegetable
5. School is to Students as Hospital is to _______.
A. Patients B. Priest C. Vendors

II. Analogous Pair: Choose the correct word to complete the idea.
6. hammer : nail :: comb : ______
A. feet B. hair C. hands
7. hot : oven :: cold : ______
A. karaoke B. refrigerator C. TV
8. scrub : wash :: sob : ______
A. cry B. sad C. tease
9. screen : ______ :: lens : camera
A. computer B. cord C.
10. ________: wrist :: belt : waist keyboard
A. arm B. bracelet C. hand

III.Figurative Analogy: Identify the two things compared in thestatement and

encircle it.
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11. A good book is a friend.

A. good : book B. good : friend C. book : friend
12. Life is like a race.

A. life : race B. life : like C. like : race

13. She is as innocent as a baby.
A. she : innocent B. she : baby C. innocent : baby 14. Love
is a game. There is a winner and a loser.
A. love : loser B. love : game C. love : winner
15. My children are my guiding stars.
A. children : guide B. children : guiding stars C. guide : stars

3.
Lesson

1
Analogy to Show Relationships of
Words

Activity 1: Match Me!

Directions: Show relationship by matching column A with the picture in column B.
Write your answer in your English notebook.

A. B.

1. Covid-19 A.

2. farmer B.

3. tree C.

4. school D.

5. plaza E.

6. crowd F.

7. summer G.

4.
 By now, you should have noticed that analogy is all about relationship of
words or concepts and how they connect to each other.

_________________________________________________________________

Activity2: Let’s Converse!

Directions: Read the short dialogue between a saleslady and a costumer.
Then, take note of the relationship of the following pairs of words lifted from the
dialogue.

Good morning. How may I help you?

Good morning. I’m looking for an

elegant dress for a party.

What color do you like?

I don’t know. What colors do you have?

We have variety of colors.

How about blue?
I think it matches your eyes and your brown hair!

Okay. Please hand me a medium size.

Sure, here it is.

Can I try it on?

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Of course. The fitting room is there.

Does it fit?

Well, it is smaller than my fit. Do you

have a bigger one?

Only in red.
Would you like to try it on?

Yes, thank you.

It fits perfectly.

Yes, and it suits you well.

How much
is it?

It’s 500 pesos.

I will buy this here’s the
money.

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Now, I have here some pairs of words lifted from the dialogue. Note the

relationship of each pair.

PAIR OF WORD RELATIONSHIP

eyes : face Part to Whole

she wanted to buy a dress : she went Cause and Effect
to the mall
saleslady : mall Person to Situation
little : small Synonym
elegant : unattractive Antonym
shopping mall : city Geography
morning : evening Time

These pairs show the different types of relationship in analogy.

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This is good to know . . .

Analogy is a pair of terms that has common relationship. In most cases, you

will not only determine the common relationship between each pair but you will also

have to identify which term makes up each pair. Usually, you are given two terms in

the format A : B, which could be read as A related to B(Barbacena, et. al., 2010).

Example:

(A) : (B)

kitchen : house - Kitchen and House are related since kitchen

is part of the house.

Writers use analogy to connect unfamiliar words or new ideas with common and

familiar objects. It functions as description or explanation of one thing by examining

its similarities and differences and forces the reader to understand the connection

between them. Using this technique, vocabulary skills as well as speed in reading

comprehension are enhanced.

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Types of Relationships in Analogy

There are seven common types of relationships in analogy.

1. Part to Whole
A relationship in analogy in which one term is part of the other term.
Example:
eyes : face (The eyes are part of the face.)
2. Cause and Effect
A relationship in analogy in which one term is the result of the other
term.
Example:
she wanted to buy a dress : she went to the mall
(She wanted to buy a dress so she went to the mall.)
3. Person to Situation
A relationship in analogy in which one term is the work place of the
other.
Example:
saleslady : mall (A saleslady works in a mall.)
4. Synonym
A relationship in analogy in which both terms have the same meaning.
Example:
little : small (Both terms mean the same.)
5. Antonym
A relationship in analogy in which the terms are opposite in meaning.
Example:
elegant : unattractive (The words have opposite meaning.)
6. Geography
A relationship in analogy in which one of the terms can be situated in the
other.
Example:
shopping mall : city (Shopping mall is found in the city.) 7. Time
A relationship in analogy in which both terms speak of time element.
Example:
morning : evening (Both indicate time.)
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Now that you know the types of relationships in analogy, try to answer these.

Activity 3: Connected To The Target !

Directions:
I. Determine the type of relationship expressed in the pair of words given. Choose
your answer from the box. Then, write your answer in your English notebook.

Part to Whole Person to Situation Antonym

Synonym Geography Time Cause and Effect

1. Big : Small :: Full : Empty

Relationship: _________________
2. Leaves : Tree :: Sand : Sea
Relationship: _________________
3. Volcanic Eruption : Earthquake :: El Niño : Drought
Relationship: __________________
4. Luzon : Manila :: Mindanao : Davao
Relationship: __________________
5. Year : Month :: Week : Day
Relationship: __________________
6. Huge : Big :: Narrow : Slim
Relationship: __________________
7. Pilot : Airplane :: Priest : Church
Relationship: __________________
8. Page : Book :: Ink : Ballpen
Relationship: _________________
9. Tired : Sleep :: Hungry : Eat
Relationship: _________________
10. Teacher : School :: Doctor : Hospital
Relationship: __________________
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II. Complete the pair based on the type of relationship given.

1. Part to Whole branch : _____

(A. forest B. root C. tree )

2. Cause and Effect

Virus : ____ (A. Covid - 19 B. Diarrhea C. Typhoid Fever)

3. Person to Situation
Police : _____ (A. barracks B. gasoline station C. police station)

4. Time
New Year : ____ (A. February B. January C. March)

5. Synonym
smile : ____ (A. joyful B. sad C.
worried )
6. Antonym
hardworking : ____ (A. active B. industrious C.
lazy)
7. Geography
Durian : ____ (A. Baguio B. Cebu C. Davao)

III. Complete the analogy by providing the correct pair of word from the
choices given. Write the answers in your English notebook.
1. dark : night :: strong : ____
A. fragile B. powerful C. weak
2. sheet : pad :: petal : ____
A. flower B. shrub C. tree
3. coward : brave :: loud : ____
A. calm B. quiet C. sharp
4. happy : laugh :: sad: ____
A. cry B. glad C. weep
5. student : school :: painter : ____
A. art gallery B. auditorium C.
6. dawn : morning : twilight : ____ gymnasium
A. dusk B. sunrise C. sunset
7. Philippines : Asia :: Italy : ____
A. America B. Australia C. Europe

8. plus : add :: minus : ____

A. divide B. multiply C. subtract
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Activity 4: Comic Strips

Directions: This comic strips is taken from the story of Creation (Panayan Version).

This act made Tungkung Langit very angry.

Sea breeze, I
Immediately, after his return from the trip, he called
command you to spy his wife’s attention .
on my husband!
It is ungodly of you to act If you don’t like
like that! I am busy what I did, it is
imposing order over the better to part
confused world, I thought ways .
you trusted me!

Tungkung Langit deprived Alunsina’s power After so many years, Tungkung Langit
and drove her away . realized that life is empty without Alunsina.
Sometimes, he cried aloud . T he people of
Forgive Me. You’re not If that’s what you want I Panay believed that rain on Earth are his tears.
worthy anymore to be my am willing to surrender And when it thunders hard, the old folks also
goddess. I have to take all everything I have as
the powers you have. you pleased. Goodbye. assumed that it is his sobbing, calling for his
beloved Alunsina to come back.

(English Learner’s Material, 2017)

When analogies are used in myths, legends and short stories to express
comparison of two unlike things but share common property, it is called Figurative
Analogy. It comes in statement form. Example:
The rain is Tungkung Langit’s tears and thunders are his sobbing.

The writer compares Tungkung Langit’s tears to rain as he burst into tears because
of his heavy heart, in the same way when clouds are heavy, they fall as rain; while
the loudness of his cry is compared to the intensity of thunder.
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Activity 5: Let’s Compare!
Directions: Complete the statements that follow and reveal the traits of the
characters from the comic strip read. Choose the answer in the box
after each statement. Write your answer in your English notebook.

1.Alunsina is a jealous wife. She doesn’t have ___________________.

A. care B. hope C. trust

2. Tungkung Langit is an erupting volcano when angry. He is___________.

A. irritable B. moody C.
violent

3. Tungkung Langit wants order and peace in his place. He is a___________

leader.
A. concerned B. kind C. wise

4. The love of Tungkung Langit and Alunsina is weak. It is not ____________.

A. romantic B. strong C. sweet

5. Both are impatient because ________________.

A. they are hot-tempered.
B. they easily give up their love.
C. they did not find ways to fix their problem.

Activity: You Can Do It !

Directions: Identify the things compared in the statement below.

1. Problems are just like spices in life.

A. spices and life B. problem and life C. problems and spices
2. He is as big as an elephant.
A. he and big B. he and elephant C. big and elephant
3. Her skin is like a snow.
A. her and skin B. her and snow C. skin and snow
4. The sun is a golden ball.
A. sun and ball B. golden and ball C. sun and golden ball
5. Her hair is as dark as the night.
A. hair and dark B. dark and night C. hair and night
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Now, tell me what you have learned about analogies.

Activity 6: Let’s Sum Up!

Directions:
A. Check (√) the appropriate column that is true about analogy.
Statement Yes No
1. Analogy is a relationship of words or
concepts and how they connect to
each other.
2. Analogies are used in stories to
express comparison of two unlike
things that share common property.
3. Analogy makes understanding the
relationship of words difficult.
4. Analogy improves my vocabulary, thus,
sharpens my reading and writing
skills.
5. Analogy solely focuses on similarities of
words.

B. On the blanks provided, write 2 to 3 sentences summing up your learning.

I learned that analogy

___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
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Activity 7: Mirror! Mirror!

Directions: Draw an object that you can compare yourself with. Using
figurative analogy, write a 5-sentence paragraph to explain the
comparison. Follow the model given. Use your English notebook.

Example:
I am as lovable as a flower because
_______________________________________.______________________
_________________________.____________________________________
______________________________._______________________________
_________________________.____________________________________.
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Assessment

You are almost there! Let us check what you have learned about this
topic.Answer the questions given below by writing the letter of your answer in your
English notebook.

I. Complete the analogy of the given pair of words.

1. Maria Christina Falls : Lanao del Norte :: _______ : Misamis Occidental

A. Mt. Hibok-Hibok B. Mt. Kanlaon C. Mt. Malindang D. Mt. Mayon
2. Road : ______ :: Net : Court
A. bar B. highway C. radar
3. Quick : slow :: youthful : _______
A. adult B. aged C. child
4. Chef : restaurant :: banker : _______
A. bakery B. bank C. mall
5. Shy : timid :: glossy : _______
A. rough B. sandy C. shiny
6. Second : minute :: _____ :: day
A. hour B. month C. week
7. Thirsty : drink :: _______ : eat
A. excited B. hungry C. sleepy

II. Look for the pair which expresses the same relationship as the given pair.
Choose your answer from the pairs given. Write your answer in your English
Notebook.

8. big : huge :: ___ : ___

A. fat : slim B. pleasant : attractive C. tidy : dirty
9. nurse : hospital :: ____ :: ____
A. Cebu : Sinulog B.s farmer : plow C. judge : courtroom
10. day : night :: ____ : ____
A. kitchen : knife B. month : year C. thirsty : drink
11. collar : shirt :: ____ : ____
A. church : Holy Water B. quite : silent C. zipper : jeans

16.
II. Read the short story and then complete the statements below. Choose your
answer from the words in the parenthesis.

Once upon a time in the Philippines, there

was an old woman with strange magical qualities.
The local villagers had noticed her house seemed
brighter at night even though there was no
electricity. According to rumors some had even
seen dwarfs helping the mysterious and beautiful
woman at night. No one ever discovered the source of
the mysterious night time glow.

She lived in the forest on the outskirts of a fishing

village and was famous for her beautiful flowers.
The fishermen would barter their treasured catch for her flowers.

A young couple came to visit the village. They were haughty and were not from
around there. A proud pair that hated anything they thought was ugly. They would
make fun of anything they though e village one day and came upon the old woman in
the forest. Since they found her t was ugly.

They were out exploring th ugly, they mocked her. After making fun of her, the old
woman asked them to leave but they refused.

To punish them, she said “Since you only like beautiful things, I will turn you into the
most beautiful insect.” She tapped them with her cane and they became the first two
butterflies.

Excerpt from English Learner’s Material,2017

12. The young couple mocked and made fun of the old woman. They are ______
(A. arrogant B. boastful C. respectful). Because of this, they were turned into
______ (A. butterflies B. dragonflies C. fireflies).
13. The story teaches us to be kind as the _____ (A. old woman B. dwarf C.
fishermen) and to hate _____ ( A. cruelty B. humility C. modesty) as shown
by the couple.
14. The old woman’s house is surrounded with beautiful flowers so anyone who
comes would be _____ (A. happy B. surprised C. delighted).
15. Good work is always rewarded as ___(A. evil doing B. favorable deed C.
profitable work) is punished.
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Additional Activities

Activity 8: Cut and Paste!

Instructions: Cut or draw pictures found at home or in your community . Then, use
them to form pairs to show the relationships of analogy. Use your
English notebook.

1. Part to whole

::

2. Cause and Effect

::

3. Person to Situation

::

4. Synonym

::

5. Antonym

::

6. Geography

::

7. Time

::
Congratulations! You have successfully completed Quarter 1 - Module
18.
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References

Barbacena, Gabuyo, Gonzales, Mayor, Padua, Quinto and Tipan. LET

Reviewer: Perceiving Verbal Relationship. Manila: MET Review Center, 2010.

English 7: Learner’s Material. Pasig City: FEP Printing Corp, 2017.

English 7: Teacher’s Guides. Pasig City: FEP Printing Corp, 2017.

Salamida, Anabelle. English 7 Learning Plan. Manila: Reevee Book Supply, 2015.

LIFE IS WHAT YOU MAKE IT!

Prepared By:
Juliet S. Antiquina

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