DOMS Indicador de EFECTIVIDAD

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C
Hs \jstkxkrbhsk Dusbek Rjrkikss g Pgehc Hichbgtjr j` Dusbuegr  Gcgptgthjis:
Argc O. Rbmjki`kec, DRb, BRBR, BR\R
7
 gic Arkt Bjitrkrgs, DG, BRBR
17
Ckpgrtdkit j` Mkgetm Rbhkibk, Ekmdgi Bjeeknk, Arjix, IX6 gic
1
Rbmjje j` Rpjrt gic Qkbrkgthji,  Gubfegic [ihvkrshty j` Skbmijejny, Gubfegic, Ikw _kgegic
 G A R S Q G B S
CKEGXKC JIRKS D[RBEK RJQK- IKRR (CJDR) HR G BJDDJI RHCK K@@KBS J@ \MXRHBGE GBSHPHSX, \GQSHB[EGQEX J@ G PHNJQJ[R IGS[QK. DGIX K]KQBHRKQR ^MJ
QKN[EGQEX \KQ@JQD QKRHRSGIBK
SQGHIHIN BJIRHCKQ CJDR SJ AK JIK J@ SMK AKRS HICHBGSJQR J@ SQGHIHIN K@@KBSHPKIKRR, ^HSM RJDK QKEXHIN [\JI SMHR RJ[QBK GR  G \QHDGQX NG[NK. SMHR GQSHBEKCHRB[RRKR SMK QKEKPGIBK J@ [RHIN CJDR SJ GRRKRR ^JQFJ[S W[GEHSX.HISQJC[BSHJI
kegykc jiskt dusbek sjrkikss(CJDR) hs g bjddji jbbur-
rkibk hi rkspjisk tjui`gdhehgr
jr vhnjrjus pmyshbge gbthvhty. Ht mgs
akki ijtkc jaskrvgthjigeey tmgt dgiy
hichvhcuges wmj rknuegrey pkr`jrdrkshstgibk trghihin bjishckr CJDRtj
ak jik j` tmk akst hichbgtjrs j`trghihin k``kbthvkikss, whtm sjdkrkeyhin upji
tmhs sjurbk gs gprhdgry ngunk (2>). Hi `gbt, tmkrk hsg ejin-mkec akehk` tmgt CJDR hs gikbkssgry prkbursjr tj dusbekrkdjckehin (72).
Burrkit tmkjry sunnksts tmgt CJDR hs
rkegtkc tj dusbek cgdgnk `rjdui`g- dhehgr jr uigbbustjdkckxkrbhsk (3=). Getmjunm tmk kxgbtdkbmgihsds grkijt wkee uickrstjjc, CJDRgppkgrs
tj ak g prjcubt j`hi`egddgthji bguskc
aydhbrjspbjphb tkgrs hi tmk bjiikb-
thvk thssuk kekdkits tmgt skishthzkijbh-
bkptjrs gic tmkrkay mkhnmtkitmk skisgthji j` pghi (1=,31).Mhstgdhiks,
argcyfhihis,prjstgnegichis, gic jtmkr
ijxhjusbmkdhbges grk akehkvkc tj dkchgtkchsbjd`jrt ay gbthin ji typk HHH gictypk HP ikrvk g``krkits tmgt
trgiscubk pghi shniges `rjd dusbek tj
tmk bkitrge ikrvjus systkd (0).Smksk suastgibks hibrkgsk vgsbuegrpkrdk- gahehty gic gttrgbtikutrjpmhes tj tmk
shtk j` hisuet.Ikutrjpmhes, hi turi, nki-
krgtkrkgbthvk jxynki spkbhks (QJR),wmhbm bgi hdpjsk `urtmkr cgdgnktj tmk sgrbjekddg (=). Ahjbmkdhbge
bmginks rksuetgit tj g strubturgechsrup-
thji j` tmk kxtrgbkeeuegrdgtrhx (KBD) gesj mgvk akkihdpehbgtkc tj pegy g bgusgthvk rjek(;2). Ht mgs akki prj- pjskc tmgtcgdgnk tj dyj`hakrs `gbhe- htgtks tmkksbgpk gic kitrgibk j`
hitrgbkeeuegrgic kxtrgbkeeuegr prjtkhis,
wmkrkgschsturagibk j` tmk KBD prj-
djtkstmk hi`egddgtjry rkspjisk (;2).
Hibjdahigthji, tmksk `gbtjrs grktmjunmt tj dgnih`y tmk kxtkit j`sjrk- ikss. Hi gcchthji, CJDR bgiak kxgb- kragtkc ay kckdg, wmkrkayswkeehin kxkrts hibrkgskc jsdjthbprkssurk whtmhi dusbek `hakrs tmgtskrvk tj `ur- tmkr skishthzkijbhbkptjrs (0,1=).
Cjwiejgckc jd mttp?// ojuiges.eww.bjd/isbg-sb oay AmCD;k\MFgv7zKjud7tWI
 
CJDR hs djst prjijuibkcwmki
 
kxkrbhsk trghihinprjvhcks g ijvke sthd-
 
ueus tjtmk dusbuejsfkektge systkd(3).
Getmjunm ajtmbjibkitrhb gic kbbki-
trhbtrghihin bgi hicubk CJDR,stuchks
smjw tmgtekintmkihin gbthjis mgvk tmkdjst prj`juic k``kbt ji htsdgih-
`kstgthji (>). Gs gnkikrge ruek, sjrkikssakbjdks kvhckit gajut 0‒=mjurs g`tkr
gi hitkiskkxkrbhsk ajut gicpkgfs gt gpprjxhdgtkey
 
3= mjurs pjstkxkrbhsk(31). Mjwkvkr, tmkprkbhsk thdk bjursk
gickxtkit j` CJDR hsmhnmey vgrhgaek gic bgiegst `jr dgiy cgysckpkichin
ji `gbtjrs,subm gs kxkrbhskhitkishty, trghihinstgtus, gic nkikthbs.Smk prk-
vghehin ajcy j`ehtkrgturk cjks ijt sup-
pjrt skx-rkegtkc ch``krkibks hi tmkkxprksshji j` CJDR (77,3;).
SMKJQKSHBGE AGRHR @JQ [RHIN CJDR GR G NG[NK @JQ D[RB[EGQ GCG\SGSHJIR
Smk `hrst stkp hi cktkrdhihinwmktmkr
CJDR prjvhcks g vgehcngunk j` dus-
bek ckvkejpdkit hs tjkstgaehsm wmktmkr tmk tmkjry mgsahjejnhbge
pegushahehty. \egushahehtybgi pjsshaey
ak hi`krrkc `rjd tmkbjrrkegthji
aktwkki CJDR gickxkrbhsk-hicubkc
dusbek cgdgnk(KHDC). Ht mgs akki
 
70
PJE[DK 2; | I[DAKQ ; | JBSJAKQ 1<72Bjpyrhnmt
©
Igthjige Rtrkintm gic Bjichthjihin Gssjbhgthji
 
FK X ^ JQ CR ?
CJDR6 ckegykc jiskt dusbek sjrk- ikss6 wjrfjut qugehty6 dusbek cgdgnk6 KHDC
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pjshtkc tmgt strubturge bmginks gssjbh-
gtkc whtm KHDC hi`eukibk nkik
kxprksshji, rksuethin hi gstrkintmkihin
j` tmk thssuk tmgt mkepsprjtkbt tmk dusbek gnghist `urtmkrhioury (7,33). ^mki bjishckrhin tmkdkbmgihsds j` dusbek mypkrtrjpmy,tmkrk hs g sjuic tmkjrkthbge agshssunnksthin tmgt subm cgdgnk hs hi`gbt gssjbhgtkc whtm tmk gbbrkthji j`bjitrgbthek prjtkhis (3=).
^mgt`jeejws hs gi jvkrvhkw j` tmk kvh-
ckibk suppjrthin g mypkrtrjpmhbrjek `jr KHDC. Gi hi-ckptmchsbusshji j` tmk tjphb hs akyjic tmksbjpk j` tmhs grthbek, gic hitkrkstkcrkgckrs grk rk`krrkc tj tmk rkbkitrkvhkw ay Rbmjki`kec (3=).
Ht hs mypjtmkshzkc tmgt tmk gbutkhi`egd- dgtjry rkspjisk tj cgdgnk hsg prhdgry dkchgtjr j` mypkrtrjpmhbgcgptgthjis.
Dgbrjpmgnks, hipgrthbuegr, grk akehkvkc
tj prjdjtkrkdjckehin pursugit tj cgdgnhinkxkrbhsk (0<), gic sjdk rk-
skgrbmkrsmgvk mypjtmkshzkc tmgt tmkskpmgnjbythb bkees grk rkquhrkc `jrdusbek
nrjwtm (12). Burrkit tmkjrysunnksts
tmgt dgbrjpmgnks dkchgtkmypkrtrjpmy tmrjunm tmk skbrkthji j`bytjfhiks syi-
tmkshzkc whtmhisfkektge dusbek (gesj fijwi gsdyjfhiks). Dyjfhiks mgvk
akkismjwi tj pjsskss gigajehb prjpkr-
thks, kxkrthin tmkhr k``kbts hi gi gutj-
brhik/pgrgbrhik `gsmhji tj arhin gajutuihquk k``kbts ji sfkektge dusbekgcgp- tgthji (20,32,;7). Ht smjuec akijtkc tmgt sjdk rkskgrbm mgs smjwitmgt dyjfhik prjcubthji dgy akegrnkey hickpkickit
j` cgdgnk tjdusbek thssuk (01). Smhs dgy ak g`uibthji j` tmk spkbh`hb dyj-
fhikrkspjisk akbgusk iudkrjus dyj-
fhiks mgvk akki hckith`hkc whtmkgbm
chspegyhin uihquk rkspjisks tjkxkrbhsk
trghihin (3<). Ikutrjpmhes,gijtmkr pmgnjbythb ekufjbytk, gesjdgy pegy
g rjek hi hi`egddgtjry-dkchgtkc pjst- kxkrbhsk mypkrtrjpmy,bjibkhvgaey ay shnigehin jtmkrhi`egddgtjry bkees ikb-
kssgry `jrdusbek rknkikrgthji. Jik submpjsshahehty hs QJR (0;), wmhbm bgi`uibthji gs fky bkeeuegr shnigehin
djekbueks hi kxkrbhsk-hicubkcgcgpthvk nkik kxprksshji (73,1<,17,;8).Rtuchks smjw tmgt QJR prjdjtknrjwtm hi ajtm sdjjtm dusbek gicbgrchgb dusbek (;;),
gic ht mgs akkisunnkstkc tmgt tmky
hicubk shdhegr mypkrtrjpmhb k``kbts ji
sfkektgedusbek (;0).Dusbek cgdgnk gesj dgy dkchgtk
 
mypkrtrjpmy ay `gbhehtgthin gbthvgthji j`sgtkeehtk bkees (h.k., dusbek stkd bkees). ^mkisthduegtkc ay dkbmgihbge strkss,
sgtkeehtk bkeesnkikrgtk prkbursjr bkees (dyjaegsts) tmgtprjeh`krgtk gic ueth-
dgtkey `usk tj kxhsthinbkees, prjvhchin tmk ikbkssgry gnkits `jrrkdjckehin j`
dusbek thssuk (02,0>). Higcchthji,
uickr bkrtghi bjichthjis, sgtkeehtkbkees
grk gaek tj cjigtk tmkhr iubekh tj tmk
kxhsthin dusbek `hakrs, kimgibhin tmkhr
bgpgbhty`jr prjtkhi syitmkshs (1,23).
Kvhckibksuastgithgtks tmgt sgtkeehtk bkee
gbthvhty hsuprknuegtkc hi rkspjisk tj KHDC (71,30,38).Smhs hs bjishstkit whtm tmk survhvgedkbmgihsds j` tmk
dusbek bkee wmkrk cgdgnkc`hakrs dust quhbfey jatghi gcchthjigedyjiubekh tj
`gbhehtgtk thssuk rkpghr.Gbthvgthji j` sgtkeehtk bkees prjvhcks tmkskikkckc
dyjiubekh gic bj-kxprksshin vgrhjus
dyjnkihb rknuegtjry `gbtjrs, subm gs Dy`;,DyjC, dyjnkihi, gic DQ@3, wmhbm grkhivjevkc hi dusbek rkpgrg- thji gic nrjwtm(7<). Sj tmhs kic, stuc- hks hichbgtk tmgt gpkrsji‘s gahehty tj kxpgic tmk sgtkeehtk bkeepjje hs g brhthbge `gbtjr hi dgxhdhzhin dusbeknrjwtm (37). Ht smjuec ak ijtkc, mjwkvkr,tmgt sgtkeehtk bkees grk rkspjishvk tj ajtm
dusbek cgdgnhin gic ijicgdgnhin kx-
krbhsks(3<), gic ht hs ijt bekgr wmktmkr tmkhr gbthvhtyhs kimgibkc ay KHDC hi
g dgiikr tmgtprjdjtks dkgihin`ue ch`-
`krkibks hi dusbekmypkrtrjpmy.
Bkee swkeehin hs gijtmkr pjtkithge dkbm-
gihsday wmhbm dusbek cgdgnk dgy prjdjtkmypkrtrjpmhb gcgptgthjis.
KHDC hsgbbjdpgihkc ay gi gbbudueg- thji j` `euhc gicpegsdg prjtkhis whtmhi tmk `hakr, j`tki tj gikxtkit wmkrkay tmhs
auhecup kxbkkcs tmkbgpgbhty j` eyd- pmgthb crghignk (70,27,31).Smhs rksuets
hi thssuk kckdg, whtm shnih`hbgitswkeehin
pkrshsthin hi trghikc suaokbts `jr gtekgst 3= mjurs g`tkr gi kxkrbhsk ajut (78). Bke-
euegr swkeehin hs tmkjrhzkc tj rknuegtk bkee`uibthji (7>), sthduegthin gigajehsd vhghibrkgshin prjtkhi syitmkshs gic ckbrkgs-
hinprjtkhi arkgfcjwi (7;,22,;3).
Getmjunm tmkkxgbt dkbmgihsds rkdghi
pjjrey uickrstjjc, htgppkgrs tmgt
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dkdargik-ajuic, hitknrhi-gssjbhgtkc
vjeudk skisjrs grk hivjevkc hi tmkprj- bkss (1>). Smksk jsdjskisjrsgbthvgtk
hitrgbkeeuegr prjtkhi fhigsktrgiscubthji
pgtmwgys, pjsshaeydkchgtkc ay gutj- brhik k``kbts j`nrjwtm `gbtjrs (;). Smk k``kbts j` bkeeswkeehin suaskqukit tj KHDC mgvkijt gs ykt akki chrkbtey
hivksthngtkc,mjwkvkr, gic ht tmkrk`jrk rkdghisuibekgr wmktmkr tmk gssjbhgtkc
kckdgprjdjtks shdhegr gigajehb gic gith-bgtgajehb k``kbts tj tmjsk rkpjrtkc hitmk ehtkrgturk.Cksphtk tmk sjuic tmkjrkthbge rgthj-igek, chrkbt rkskgrbm smjwhin gbgusk-
k``kbt rkegthjismhp aktwkkiKHDC gic mypkrtrjpmy hs burrkiteyegbfhin. Ht
 
mgs
akki smjwi tmgtdusbek cgdgnk hs ijt jaehngtjry `jrmypkrtrjpmhb gcgptg- thjis (2,72,1;).Smus, giy gigajehb
k``kbts rksuethin`rjd cgdgnhin kxkr- bhskwjuec ak gcchthvk rgtmkrtmgi bji- sthtuthvk.@urtmkrdjrk, ht hs hdpjrtgit
tj ijtk tmgt kxbksshvkcgdgnk mgs
g ckbhckceyikngthvk k``kbt ji kxkrbhskpkr`jrdgibk gic rkbjvkry.Ay ck`hih-
thji, skvkrkKHDC ckbrkgsks `jrbk-prjcubhin bgpgbhty ay ;<
jr djrk (3<). Rubm`uibthjige ckbrkdkits whee
ikbkssgrhey hdpghr gihichvhcuge‘s gahe-
hty tj trghigt g mhnm ekvke, wmhbm hituri wjuec ak cktrhdkitgetj dusbek
nrjwtm.Djrkjvkr, getmjunm trghihin
hi tmk kgrey rkbjvkry pmgskj` KHDC cjks ijt skkd tjkxgbkragtk dusbek
cgdgnk,ht dgy hitkr`krk whtm tmk rkbu-
pkrgthvk prjbkss (13,2=). Rtuchkshich-
bgtk tmgt rknkikrgthji j` dusbekthssuk
hi tmjsk whtm skvkrk KHDCbgi kxbkkc
2 wkkfs, whtm `ueerkbjvkry tgfhin up tj 3> cgys wmki`jrbk prjcubthji ck`hbhts
rkgbm ><
(3>). Hi kxtrkdk bgsks, KHDC bgirksuet hi rmgacjdyjeyshs (3<), gpjtkithgeey skrhjus bjichthji
tmgtdgy ekgc tj gbutk rkige `gheurk (07).
^mki tgfhin gee `gbtjrs hitjgbbjuit, ht bgi ak pjstuegtkc tmgtKHDC dgy kimgibk mypkrtrjpmhbgcgptgthjis, getmjunm tmhs tmkjry hs`gr `rjd bji- beushvk. Smk mjrdkshstmkjry stgtks tmgt ahjejnhbge systkds‘rkspjisk tj
strkssjrs `jeejws gihivkrtkc [-smgpkc
burvk (33). Smhs hsbjishstkit whtm Rkeyk‘s (;<) bjibkptj` tmk nkikrge gcgptgthjisyicrjdk gic wjuec
Rtrkintm gic Bjichthjihin Ojurige | www.isbg-sbo.bjd
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