HRS10 All Stainless Steel

Rain Gauge
User manual
(Type 485)
Document version:V1.0
 Table of Contents
1. Product Introduction..................................................................................................1
1.2 Structural features............................................................................................ 1
1.3 Main technical Indicators............................................................................ .....2
1.4 Product Selection..............................................................................................3
2. Equipment Installation Instruction............................................................................ 3
2.1 Pre-installation Check...................................................................................... 3
2.2 Outdoor Installation and Debugging................................................................ 3
2.2.1 Base Making and Installation.................................................................3
2.2.2 Install and Fix instruments, Adjust the Level of Rain-bearing Mouth...4
2.2.3 Adjust the Rain Gauge Level................................................................. 4
2.4 Wiring...............................................................................................................5
3.Installation and Use of Configuration Software.........................................................5
3.1 Software Selection............................................................................................5
3.2 Parameter Settings............................................................................................5
4.Communication Protocol............................................................................................6
4.1 Basic Communication Parameters................................................................... 6
4.2 Data Frame Format Definition......................................................................... 7
4.3 Register Address...............................................................................................8
4.4 Communication Protocol Example and Explanation....................................... 8
4.4.1 Query Current Precipitation Value......................................................... 8
4.4.2 Clear Precipitation Data......................................................................... 8
4.4.3 Modify Current Address.........................................................................8
4.4.4 Modify Current Baud Rate.....................................................................9
4.4.5 Query address.........................................................................................9
5. Maintenance.............................................................................................................. 9
5.1 Daily maintenance............................................................................................9
5.2 Cleaning of Tipping Bucket........................................................................... 10
6. Common Problems and Solutions........................................................................... 11
7. Document History....................................................................................................12
1. Product Introduction
1.1 Product Overview
This instrument is a primary instrument for precipitation measurement, and its
performance meets the requirements of the national standard GB/T 21978.2-2014
Requirements for Precipitation Observation.
The core component of the instrument, the tipping bucket, adopts a
three-dimensional streamlined design and is made of stainless steel, which makes
more smooth tipping of the tipping bucket. And it has the functions of self-cleaning
dust and easy cleaning. Pulse to 485 signal output, can directly read the precipitation,
no need to calculate twice, simple and convenient.

1.2 Structural Features

As shown in Figure 1, this instrument is composed of rain gauge housing, rain
collector, funnel, tipping bucket support, tipping bucket, bearing screws, water outlet
bin, sealing joint, reed switch, horizontal bubble, adjustment support plate, control
box, leveling device, terminals, leg bracket, rain gauge base and etc. Among them, a
tipping bucket shaft, a round horizontal bubble, a reed switch bracket and a signal
output terminal are installed on the rain gauge base. Unlike other tipping bucket rain
gauges, the tipping bucket bushing of this instrument is an integrated positioning
structure, and the tipping bucket is installed in the shaft bearing through the tipping
bucket shaft. The internal structure of the instrument is assembled when it leaves the
factory, and there is no need to install the internal structure on site, which contributes
convenience to on-site installation.
The tipping bucket of this instrument is a three-dimensional streamlined design,
and is designed with a drooping curved diversion tip, which is beautiful and fluent,
bringing better tipping performance, easy to clean and maintain.
The tipping bucket of this instrument is equipped with constant magnetic steel,
and the reed switch bracket is equipped with a reed switch. When the instrument
leaves the factory, both the magnetic steel and the reed switch have been adjusted at
an appropriate coupling distance, so that the output signal of the instrument and the
number of flipping buckets have a definite ratio. One of the two signal outputs of the
instrument is used for on-site counting and measurement, and the other is used for
telemetry reporting. When the instrument is connected to the telemetry terminal, it
should be equipped with a matching interface circuit to prevent counting and

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reporting errors caused by the shaking of the reed pipe and the rebound of the bucket.
When the instrument leaves the factory, the tilt angle adjustment screw of the
tipping bucket has been locked at the position of the best inclination angle base point,
and the tilt angle screw has been sealed with red paint. When installing the
instrument on site, the user only needs to adjust the horizontal bubble to the central
position according to the relevant requirements of this manual and it can be used, no
need to adjust the tilt angle of the tipping bucket on site.

Figure 1

1.3 Main Technical Indicators

Rain-bearing caliber:φ200mm; sharp angle of cutting edge: 40°～45°
Resolution:default 0.2mm, 0.5mm optional
Measurement accuracy:≤±2% (indoor artificial precipitation, subject to the drainage
volume of the instrument itself)
Rain intensity range:0mm～4mm/min (allowable maximum rain intensity 8mm/min)
Communication method:485 communication (standard MODBUS-RTU protocol)
Maximum power consumption:0.24W
Working environment:
Environment temperature:0～50℃

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Relative humidity:<95%(40℃)
Power supply range:10~30V

1.4 Product Selection

Note: Please purchase the supporting sheet separately.
HRS Rain gauge
N01- 485 signal output
(Standard MODBUS-RTU protocol )
5- Full stainless steel
02 0.2mm resolution
05 0.5mm resolution

2. Equipment Installation Instruction

2.1 Pre-installation Check
(1) Take the instrument out of the packing box, check carefully against the
packing list in the instruction manual, and check whether the equipment accessories
are complete.
(2) Carefully read the product instruction manual and product qualification
certificate.
(3) Check the appearance of the instrument for damage, especially check
whether the tipping bucket is intact, and pay attention to properly placing the tipping
bucket to prevent damage to the tip of the tipping bucket shaft and the arc-shaped tip
of the tipping bucket at both ends, and do not touch the inner wall of the tipping
bucket with your fingers so as to avoid fouling the tipping bucket and damaging the
accuracy of the instrument.

2.2 Outdoor Installation and Debugging

2.2.1 Base Making and Installation
When installing the outdoor ground and roof, the cement foundation should be
made according to the dimensions and requirements of Figure 2, and the plane of the
cement foundation should be horizontal. The size of the cement foundation is
generally a 40cm×40cm square base with a height of not less than 30cm or a circular
base with a diameter of 40cm. It is required that the height of the rain-bearing mouth

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of the instrument is 70cm from the ground level, and no shelters higher than the
rain-bearing mouth of the instrument within 3 to 5 meters around the mouth of the
instrument are allowed .

2.2.2 Install and Fix Instruments, Adjust the Level of Rain-bearing Mouth
Drill 3 holes of φ12 with a depth of 8-10cm on the cement foundation according
to the dimensions in Figure 2, place the expansion bolts in the holes, lock them with
lock nuts, and then install the instrument base on the 3 height adjustment support nuts.
Measure whether the ring mouth is in a level state by adjusting the height of the
supporting nut and a levelling instrument, and finally use a lock to fix the instrument.

Figure 2

2.2.3 Adjust the Rain Gauge Level

Remove the stainless steel outer cylinder, and keep the dome nut in the unlocked
state as shown in Figure 3, just respectively use two hands to adjust the height of the

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nut in the red circle, so that the bubble in the horizontal bubble is in the center. Then
tighten the dome nut, and check and adjust again whether the bubble of the horizontal
bubble on the tipping bucket bracket is in the middle position.

Figure 3

2.4 Wiring
Wire Color Description Wire Color Description

Brown Power Positive Yellow 485A

Black Power Negative Blue 485B

3. Installation and Use of Configuration Software

3.1 Software Selection
Open the data package, select "Debugging Software" --- "485 Parameter

Configuration Software", find and open it.

3.2 Parameter Settings

①Select the correct COM port (check the COM port in "My
Computer-Properties-Device Manager-Port"). The following figure lists the driver

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names of several different 485 converters.

②Connect only one device separately and power it on, click the test baud rate of the
software, the software will test the baud rate and address of the current device, the
default baud rate is 4800bit/s, and the default address is 0x01.
③Modify the address and baud rate based on needs and the current function status of
the device can be queried at the same time.
④If the test fails, please recheck the equipment wiring and 485 driver installation.

4. Communicating Protocol
4.1 Basic Communication Parameters

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 Code 8-bit binary
Data bit 8-bit
Parity bit None
Stop bit 1-bit
Error check CRC
Baud rate 2400bit/s, 4800bit/s, 9600 bit/s optional，the default is 4800bit/s

4.2 Data Frame Format Definition

Using Modbus-RTU communication protocol, the format is as follows:
Initial structure ≥ 4 bytes of time
Address code = 1 byte
Function code = 1 byte
Data area = N bytes
Error check = 16-bit CRC code
End structure ≥ 4 bytes of time
Address code: the address of the transmitter, unique in the communication network
(the default 0x01).
Function code: the command function instruction issued by the host, the transmitter
can use the function code 0x03 (read register data) and 0x06 (write register data).
Data area: The data area is the specific communication data, pay attention that the
high byte is in front of 16bits data!
CRC code: two-byte check code.

Host query frame structure:

Address Function Starting address of Register Low bit of check High bit of check
code code register length code code

1 byte 1 byte 2 bytes 2 bytes 1 byte 1 byte

Slave response frame structure：

Address Function Number of Data Area 1 Data Area 2 Data Area N Check code
code code valid bytes

1 byte 1 byte 1 byte 2 bytes 2 bytes 2 bytes 2 bytes

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4.3 Register Address
Register address Content Operation Scope Content and Definition
(hexadecimal)
0000H Precipitation Value 03/06 The precipitation value
10 times larger than the actual value
07D0H Device address 03/06 1~254 (the default is 1)
07D1H Device baud rate 03/06 0 refers to 2400 1 refers to 4800
2 refers to 9600

4.4 Communication Protocol Example and Explanation

4.4.1 Query the Current Precipitation Value
Inquiry frame:
Address code Function code Starting register Data length Low bit of High bit of
check code check code
0x00 0x0
0x01 0x03 0x00 0x00 0x84 0x0A
1

Acknowledgement frame:
Address code Function Returned valid Precipitation Low bit of High bit of
code bytes Value check code check code

0x01 0x03 0x02 0x00 0x0A 0x38 0x43

Current precipitation value: (Uploaded value is expanded by 10 times)

000A (hexadecimal system) = 10 (decimal system) → precipitation value: 1.0mm

4.4.2 Clear Precipitation Data

Inquiry frame:
Address code Function code Starting register Clear demand Low bit of High bit of
check code check code

0x01 0x06 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x5A 0X09 0XF1

Acknowledgement frame:
Address code Function code Starting register Clear demand Low bit of High bit of
check code check code
0x01 0x06 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x5A 0X09 0XF1

4.4.3 Modify Current Address

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Inquiry frame: (If the current address is 01, need to modify the address to 02)
Address code Function code Starting address Modify values Low bit of High bit of
check code check code
0x01 0x06 0x07 0xD0 0x00 0x02 0x08 0x86

Acknowledgement frame:
Address code Function code Starting address Modify values Low bit of High bit of
check code check code
0x01 0x06 0x07 0xD0 0x00 0x02 0x08 0x86

4.4.4 Modify Current Baud Rate

Inquiry frame:(If the current baud rate is 4800, modify it to 9600)
Address code Function code Starting address Modify values Low bit of High bit of
check code check code

0x01 0x06 0x07 0xD1 0x00 0x02 0x59 0x46

Acknowledgement frame:
Address code Function code Starting address Modify values Low bit of High bit of
check code check code
0x01 0x06 0x07 0xD1 0x00 0x02 0x59 0x46

4.4.5 Query Address

When the user forgets the address, the following function codes can be used to query
the address.
Inquiry frame:
Address code Function code Starting address Data length Low bit of High bit of
check code check code
0xFF 0x03 0x07 0xD0 0x00 0x01 0x91 0x59

Acknowledgement frame:
Address code Function code Returned valid bytes Address Low bit of High bit of
check code check code

0xFF 0x03 0x02 0x00 0x01 0x50 0x50

The address code read is the real address of the device: 01

5. Maintenance
5.1 Daily maintenance

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 The instrument is used outdoors for a long time and the operating environment
is very harsh. Therefore, the inner wall of the rain bearing mouth of the instrument
should be wiped with soft cloth frequently to keep it clean. If there are foreign
objects such as leaves in the rain port, clean up in time to keep the waterway
unblocked. When the instrument is not used for a long time, a cover should be placed
on the ring mouth of the instrument for protection of the rain bearing mouth..
The instrument is generally cleaned up once a month and compulsively once
every three months if it is used for a long time.

5.2 Cleaning of Tipping Bucket

The tipping bucket is a key component of the instrument, which directly affects
the measurement accuracy of the instrument. Over time, a little dust or oil will be
deposited on the inner wall of the tipping bucket. Therefore, the tipping bucket
should be cleaned. When cleaning, the inner wall of the tipping bucket can be
repeatedly rinsed with clean water or gently brushed with a degreasing brush.
Scrubing the inner wall of the tipping bucket with hands or other objects is
prohibited.

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6. Common Problems and Solutions
The table lists the possible common failure, causes and troubleshooting methods.
Central station manifestation Rain sensor failure Solutions

It means that the rain sensor has no signal output or the transmission line is faulty Check the next station
Reed switch failure Replace
Precipitation value can’t be The distance between the magnet and the reed pipe is too far Adjustment
obtained when raining The welding wire falls off or the signal wire is broken or the signal wire is connected reversely Repair
Tipping bucket is stuck Exclude
Instrument blockage Clear
Rainfall sensor tipping bucket turning base point is out of adjustment, but this error generally Re-titration adjustment of the base
When it rains, the amount of
does not exceed ±10%; point
rainfall received is much
The position of the magnet and the reed pipe is not good, so that sometimes it normally Adjust the distance
different from that of the
functions normal while abnormally other times and some signals are missed The objective situation is like this,
measured rain gauge
the instrument has no failure
The central station keeps Check whether the socket is immersed in water, this phenomenon often occurs after heavy rain Treat water ingress and reseal
receiving the precipitation, but
it does not rain actually
Note: In the table above, the failure listed is not necessarily all the faults of the rain gauge itself. After checking the fault of the instrument itself and
troubleshooting, also check whether the transmission line of the instrument, the data acquisition device, and other equipment are faulty, and solve one by one.

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7. Document History
V1.0 Document Creation

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