Inorganic Material and Nano - Material
Inorganic Material and Nano - Material
Inorganic Material and Nano - Material
The interest in this synthesis method arises due to the possibility of synthesizing
nonmetallic inorganic materials like glasses, glass ceramics or ceramic materials at very low
temperatures compared to the high temperature process required by melting glass or firing
ceramics. The major difficulties to overcome in developing a successful bottom-up approach is
controlling the growth of the particles and then stopping the newly formed particles from
agglomerating. Other technical issues are ensuring the reactions are complete so that no
unwanted reactant is left on the product and completely removing any growth aids that may have
been used in the process. Also, production rates of nano powders are very low by this process.
The main advantage is one can get mono-sized nano particles by any bottom up approach.
Properties of Nano-Materials:
Nanomaterials have the structural features in between of those of atoms and the bulk materials.
While most micro structured materials have similar properties to the corresponding bulk materials, the
properties of materials with nanometer dimensions are significantly different from those of atoms and
bulks materials. This is mainly due to the nanometer size of the materials which render them:
Large fraction of surface atoms;
High surface energy
Spatial confinement
Reduced imperfections, which do not exist in the corresponding bulk materials.
Due to their small dimensions, nanomaterials have extremely large surface area to volume ratio,
resulting in more “surface” dependent material properties. Especially when the sizes of nanomaterials
are comparable to length, the entire material will be affected by the surface properties of nano
materials. This in turn may enhance or modify the properties of the bulk materials. For example, metallic
nanoparticles can be used as very active catalysts. The nanometer feature sizes of nanomaterials also
have spatial confinement effect on the materials which bring the quantum effects.
References:
1 Ebsworth, E. A. V.; Rankin, D. W. H. and Cradock, S. Structural Methods in Inorganic
Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Blackwell Scientific Publications Boston 1991.
2 Optical properties and spectroscopy of nano materials – Jin Zhng Zang, Published by World
Scientific Publications Co. Pte. Ltd.
3 Nanomaterials – An introduction to synthesis, properties and application, Environmental
4 Engineering and Management Journal, 2008, Vol. 7, No.6, 865-870.
5 Physical properties of Nanomaterials, Juh Tzeng Lue, Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and
Nanotechnology, Volume X: Pages (1-26)
6 Physical Properties of
Nanomaterials, Juh Tzeng
Lue, Encyclopedia of
Nanoscience and
7 Nanotechnology,Volume X:
Pages (1–46).
8
9 Physical Properties of
Nanomaterials, Juh Tzeng
Lue, Encyclopedia of
Nanoscience and
10 Nanotechnology,Volume
X: Pages (1–46