LESSON 1 (Final-Term) - Fall 2020-21 PDF
LESSON 1 (Final-Term) - Fall 2020-21 PDF
LESSON 1 (Final-Term) - Fall 2020-21 PDF
𝐹Ԧ
𝐸=
𝑞0
The SI unit for the electric field is the
Newton per Coulomb (N/C).
The field produced by a positive point The field produced by a negative point
charge points away from the charge charge points toward the charge
Note: Electric field lines extend away from positive charge (where they
originate) and toward negative charge (where they terminate).
Field lines for a positive point charge
and a nearby negative point charge Field lines for two equal positive
that are equal in magnitude. point charges.
Note: Electric field lines help us visualize the direction and magnitude of electric
fields. The electric field vector at any point is tangent to the field line through that
point. The density of field lines in that region is proportional to the magnitude of
the electric field there. Thus, closer field lines represent a stronger field.
If we place a small test charge +𝑞0 at the
+𝒒𝟎
field point P At a distance r from the point
+𝒒 𝑟 𝑬
charge 𝑞, the magnitude 𝐹 of the force is 𝑃
given by the Coulomb’s law,
1 𝑞𝑞0 +𝒒𝟎
𝐹= −𝒒 𝑟
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟 2 𝑬 𝑃
The quantity 𝜺𝟎 , called the permittivity
constant. The value of 𝜺𝟎 is
+𝒒𝟎
−12 ∁2 𝒓ො
𝜀0 = 8.85 × 10 +𝒒 𝑟 𝑬
𝑁.𝑚2 𝑃
1 𝑞 1 𝑞
𝐸= 𝐸= 2
𝑟Ƹ
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟 2 4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟
A charged particle produces an electric field with a magnitude of 2.0 N/C at a point
that is 50 cm away from the particle. What is the magnitude of the particle’s charge?
Given
Required formula: 1 𝑞
𝐸=
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟 2 𝐸 = 2.0 𝑁/𝐶
𝑞 𝑟 = 50 𝑐𝑚 = 0.50 𝑚
2=9× 109 1
0.50 2 = 9 × 109 𝑁. 𝑚2 /∁2
4𝜋𝜀0
(2)(0.25) −9 𝐶 𝑞 =?
𝑞= = 0.0555 × 10
9 × 109
What is the magnitude of a point charge that would create an electric field of 1.00 N/C
at points 1.00 m away?
𝑎2 𝑎2 2𝑎2
𝑟= + =
4 4 4
127.26 127.26 3 𝑁/𝐶
𝐸𝑦 = = = 101.55 × 10
𝑟2 (0.0354)2 𝑎 0.05
𝑟= = = 0.0354 𝑚
2 1.414
𝑁
𝐸 = 𝐸𝑥 𝑖Ƹ + 𝐸𝑦 𝑗Ƹ = 0 + 101.55 × 103 𝑗Ƹ = 101.55 × 103 𝑗Ƹ
𝐶