International Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Research ISSN 0976-2612,

Vol 1, Issue 2, Dec-2010, pp 115-119 http://www.bipublication.com

ANALYSIS OF WATER QUALITY USING PHYSICO-CHEMICAL

PARAMETERS TAMDALGE TANK IN KOLHAPUR DISTRICT,
MAHARASHTRA.
S. A. Manjare, S. A. Vhanalakar and D. V. Muley
Department of Zoology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur- 416 004, (M.S.), India.

ABSTRACT.
This Paper Present to study of the Physico-chemical Parameters of Tamadalge Water Tank in Kolhapur
District, Maharashtra. Monthly Changes In Physical and Chemical Parameters Such as Water Temperature,
Transparency, Turbidity, Total Dissolved Solids, pH, Dissolved Oxygen, Free Carbon dioxide, and Total
Hardness, Chlorides, Alkalinity, Phosphate and Nitrates. Were analyzed for a periods of one year from 1st
January 2009 to 31st December 2009. All Parameters were within the Permissible limits. The results
indicate that the tank is Non-polluted and can be used for Domestic, Irrigation and Pisciculture.
Key words: Perennial tank; Physico-Chemical Parameters, Monthly variation.

INTRODUCTION- factors make it desirable to take as an

Water is one of the most Important environ
Compound to the Ecosystem. Better Quality In Present Study involves the Analysis of
of water Described by its Physical, Water Quality in Terms of Physico-chemical
Chemical and Biological Characteristics. Parameters of Tamdalge Tank, Dist.
But some Correlation was Possible among Kolhapur Maharashtra. It is Located in
these Parameters and the Significant One 16049’29.01” N Latitude and 74°27’
would be Useful to Indicate Quality of 49.94”E longitude. The Area of The Tank is
water. 150 ha. The tank water is basically used for
Due to Increased Human Population, Domestic, Agriculture Purpose and Fisheries
Industrialization, Use of Fertilizers in Activity. In India Still now several
Agriculture and Man-made activity. The Researchers have done Study on Physico-
Natural Aquatic Resources are causing chemical and Biological characteristic of
Heavy and varied Pollution in aquatic Standing and Running Water Resources [1-
Environment Leading to water Quality and 3]
Depletion of aquatic Biota. It is therefore MATERIALS AND METHODS
Necessary that the Quality of Drinking water The Water Samples from Tamdalge Tank
should be checked at regular time interval were collected from four Different Stations
because due to use of Contaminated in the Morning Hours between 9 to 11am, in
Drinking water, Human Population Suffers Polythene Bottle Regularly for Every
From a variety of Water Borne Diseases. It Month. The Water samples were
is difficult to understand The Biological immediately brought in to Laboratory for the
Phenomena fully because the Chemistry of Estimation of various Physico-chemical
water reveals much about the Metabolism of Parameters like Water Temperature
The Ecosystem and explain the General Transparency and pH were recorded at the
Hydro Biological Relationship. The time of Sample Collection, by using
Physico-chemical Parameters of water and Thermometer and Pocket Digital pH Meter.
the dependence of all life process of these Transparency was measured with the help of
 ANALYSIS OF WATER QUALITY USING PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS

Secchi Disc. while other Parameters Such as

DO, TDS, Free CO2, Hardness, Chlorides, Biostatistical Analysis of Physical
Alkalinity, Phosphate and Nitrate were Parameters of Tamdalge Tank in
Estimated in the Laboratory By using Kolhapur District, Maharashtra :-
Standard Methods as Prescribed By APHA,
100
AWWA, [4], Trivedy and Goel [2], 90
Kodarkar [3]. 80
70 Temperature 0C
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:- 60 Transparency cm

The Monthly Variation in Physico-chemical 50 Turbidity NTU

40 TDS
Parameters is Presented in Table.
30 pH
20
10
0

J ul

No v
J an

J un
M ar
A pr

S ept
Oct
Feb

A ug
M ay

De c
Table 1: Physical parameters of
Tamdalge tank, Kolhapur district,
Maharashtra

Month Temperature 0C Transparency cm Turbidity NTU TDS pH

gm/lit
Jan 23 12 9.95 0.37 8.4
Feb 25 10.5 12.41 0.39 8.4
Mar 26 9.75 12.2 0.4 8.8
Apr 23.5 7.5 8.4 0.1 8.3
May 25 6.0 7.1 0.6 8.0
Jun 23.5 9.5 11.6 2.2 8.1
Jul 23.5 60.75 1.0 1.13 8.1
Aug 24.5 61.75 2.2 0.2 8.3
Sept 25.5 58.5 2.2 0.3 7.3
Oct 25 92.0 0.4 0.4 7.5
Nov 24 82.5 1.35 1.8 7.9
Dec 22.5 67.25 1.8 0.4 8.2

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 ANALYSIS OF WATER QUALITY USING PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS

Table 2: Chemical parameters of Water Temperature –

Tamdalge tank, Kolhapur district, In The Present Study of the Water
Maharashtra Temperature Ranges From22.5°c to 26°C.

Months Dissolved Free Co2 Hardness Chloride Alkalinity Phosphate Nitrate

oxygen
Jan 8.85 - 82.5 43.48 121.25 1.91 8.43

Feb 9.06 - 80.25 31.06 122.50 3.38 11.84

Mar 12.52 - 103 41.0 180 3.39 12.9

Apr 15.1 4.4 179 55.38 150 4.14 26.90

May 15.5 3.4 162 57.61 200 4.8 36.84

Jun 11.19 7.6 160 41.17 170 11.12 14.25

Jul 9.04 8.8 70 44.02 155 10.68 37.8

Aug 8.79 6.0 90 47.57 190 12.38 12.02

Sept 9.05 22 100 38.34 190 4.58 4.58

Oct 8.82 13.2 70 42.6 170 0.12 5.43

Nov 6.40 15.4 110 44.55 150 0.19 4.40

Dec 8.21 28.6 85 48.61 140 5.16 5.25

Value Expressed in Mg/Lit The Maximum (26°C) Temperature was

recorded in the Month of March (summer)
Biostatistical Analysis of Chemical and minimum (22.5°C) in the month of
Parameters of Tamdalge Water Tank in December (winter). It showed that Higher
Kolhapur District, Maharashtra. :- Temperature in summer and relatively
lowers in winter. Similar study, Jayabhaye et
250
al;[5] , Salve and Hiware[6], Observed that
during Summer, Water Temperature was
200 high due to Low Water Level, High
Dissolved oxygen Temperature and clear atmosphere. Water
Free Co2
150
Hardness
Temperature Plays an Important Factor
Chloride which Influences the chemical, Bio-
Alkalinity
100
Phosphate
chemical and Biological characteristics of
Nitrate water body.
50
Water transparency- Transparency of
Water Fluctuates from 6.0 cm to 92.0 cm.
0
The Maximum (92.0cm) was recorded in the
n
l

v
r

t
pt
g
r
y
n
b

c
Ju

Oc
Ma
Ap

No
Ju
Ma

Au
Ja

De
Fe

Se

month of October (winter) and minimum

(6.0cm) in the month of May during

117
S. A. Manjare et al.
 ANALYSIS OF WATER QUALITY USING PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS

summer. Khan and Chowdhury [7] reported the % of soluble gases (O² & Co²). The long
that higher transparency occurred, during days and intense sunlight during summer
winter and summer due to absence of rain, seem to accelerate photosynthesis by
runoff and flood water as well as gradual phytoplankton, utilizing Co2 and giving off
settling of suspended particles. Kadam, et al; oxygen. This possibly accounts for the
[8], also reported similar observation from greater qualities of O2 recorded during
Masoli reservoir of Parbhani district, summer. The quality is slightly lesser during
Maharashtra. winter, reported by [10].
Turbidity- The turbidity of water fluctuates Free Carbon dioxide- The value of free
from 0.4 NTU to 12.41 NTU. The maximum Co2 ranges from 0.0 mg/l to28.6 mg/l. The
values (12.14 NTU) was recorded in the maximum value (28.6 mg/l) was recorded in
month of February (summer) It might be due the month of December (winter) and
to human activities, decrease in the water minimum value (0.0mg/l) in the month of
level and presence of suspended particulate January to March. This may be depends
matter, and minimum value (0.4NTU) in the upon alkalinity and hardness of water body.
month of October. The value of CO2 was high in December.
Total dissolved solids- The total dissolved This could be related to the high rate of
solids fluctuate from 0.1g/l to 2.2g/l. the decomposition in the warmer months.
maximum value (2.2g/l) was recorded in the Hardness – The value of hardness fluctuates
month of June. It is due to heavy rainfall and from 70 mg/l to 179mg/l. The maximum
minimum value (0.1g/l) in the month of value (179 mg/l) was recorded in the month
April. of April (summer) and minimum value (70
pH- The pH was alkaline values ranges mg/l) in the month of October. Hujare [11]
from 7.3 to 8.8. The maximum pH value was reported total hardness was high during
(8.8) was recorded in the month of May summer than monsoon and winter. High
(summer) and minimum (7.3) in the month value of hardness during summer can be
of September. The factors like air attributed to decrease in water volume and
temperature bring about changes the pH of increase of rate of evaporation of water.
water. Most of bio-chemical and chemical Similar results were obtained in the present
reactions are influenced by the pH. The study.
reduced rate of photosynthetic activities Chlorides- The values of chlorides range
reduces the assimilation of carbon dioxide from 31.06 mg/l to 57.61 mg/l. The
and bicarbonates which are ultimately maximum value (57.61 mg/l) was recorded
responsible for increase in pH, the low in the month of May (summer) and
oxygen values coincided with high minimum value (31.06 mg/l) in the month of
temperature during the summer month [9]. February. In the present study maximum
Dissolved Oxygen- The values of DO value of chloride reaches in summer. Similar
fluctuates from 6.40 mg/l to 15.5 mg/l. The results were reported by Swarnalatha and
maximum values (15.5 mg/l) was recorded Narsing rao [12].
in the month of May (summer) and Alkalinity – Total alkalinity ranges from
minimum values (6.40 mg/l) in the month of 121.25 mg/l to 200mg/l. the maximum value
November (winter). The high DO in summer (200 mg/l) was recorded in the month of
is due to increase in temperature and May (summer) and minimum value (121.25
duration of bright sunlight has influence on mg/l) in the month of January (winter). The

118
S. A. Manjare et al.
 ANALYSIS OF WATER QUALITY USING PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS

alkalinity was maximum value in April Association of Aquatic Biologists

(summer) due to increase in bicarbonates in Hyderbad; Pub.2: pp. 50.
the water. Hujare [11] also reported similar 4. APHA (1985): Standard Methods For
results that it was maximum in summer and Examination of Water and Wastewater,
20th Edition, American Public Health
minimum in winter due to high
Association, Washington D. C.
photosynthetic rate.
5. Jayabhaye, U. M.; Pentewar M. S. And
Phosphate – The value of phosphate Hiware C. J. (2006): A Study on Physico-
fluctuates from 0.12mg/l to 12.38 mg/l. the Chemical Parameters of a Minor Reservoir,
maximum value (12.38mg/l) was recorded Sawana, Hingoli District, Maharashtra.
in the month of August (monsoon) and 6. Salve, V. B. and Hiware C. J. (2008):
minimum value in the month of October Study on water quality of Wanparakalpa
(winter). The high values of phosphate in reservoir Nagpur, Near Parli Vaijnath,
August (monsoon) months are mainly due to District Beed. Marathwada region, J. Aqua.
rain, surface water runoff, agriculture run Biol., 21(2): 113-117.
7. Khan, M. A. G and Choudhary S. H.
off; washer man activity could have also
(1994): Physical and chemical limnology
contributed to the inorganic phosphate
of lake Kaptai, Bangladesh. Trop. Eco.
content. Similar results reported by 35(1): 35-51.
Arvindkumar [13]. 8. Kadam, M. S. Pampatwar D. V. and Mali
Nitrates – The values of nitrate ranges from R. P. (2007): Seasonal variations in
4.40mg/l to 37.5 mg/l. the maximum value different physico-chemical characteristics
(37.5mg/l) was observed in the month of in Masoli reservoir of Parbhani district,
July (monsoon) and minimum (4.40mg/l) in Maharashtra, J. Aqua. Biol. 22(1): 110-
the month of November (winter). 112.
9. Kamble, S. M.; Kamble A. H. and Narke S.
Y.(2009): Study of physico-chemical
Acknowledgement:
parameters of Ruti dam, Tq. Ashti, dist.
The authors are grateful to University Grants
Beed, Maharashtra. J. Aqua. Biol. 24(2):
Commission, New Delhi for providing FIP, 86-89.
and Prof. G. P. Bhawane, Head, Department 10. Masood Ahmed and Krishnamurthy
of Zoology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, R.(1990): Hydrobiological studies of
(M.S.), INDIA, for Providing Necessary Wohar reservoir Aurangabad(Maharashtra
Research Facilities. state) India. J. Environ. Biol. 11(3), 335-
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