Creative Writing PDF

CREATIVE WRITING
Name of Learner: Grade Level:

Strand & Section: Date:
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
Imagery, Diction, Figures of Speech and Specific Experiences
Background Information for Learners
Imagery refers to the “mental pictures” that readers experience when reading
literature.
Diction is the choice and use of words and phrases in speech or in writing.
Word choice is the most powerful element of style for you to understand.
Figures of Speech is an intentional deviation from ordinary language, chosen to

produce a rhetorical effect. It is a word or phrase used in a non- literal sense for
rhetorical or vivid effect.
TYPES
. 1. Simile is comparing two unlike things using like or as.
Example: Leon’s hair is as black as charcoal.
2. Metaphor is comparing two things without using like or

as. Example: The world is an apple.
3. Personification is giving life to non-living objects or things.

Example: The windows protested as it opened slowly.
4. Hyperbole is a term which uses exaggeration to add a more dramatic

meaning to the sentence.
Example: Maria’s bag weighs a ton.
5. Irony is a statement which conveys the opposite meaning of what is literally

said.
Example: The police station got robbed.
6. Alliteration is when there is repetition of sound within a phrase or

sentence. Example: She sells seashells on the seashore.
Practice personal hygiene protocols at all times.

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7. Antithesis is applying a juxtaposition of ideas which are contrasting
in a statement that is balanced.
Example: Man proposes, God disposes.
8. Assonance is the similarity in sound between vowels in the middle

of neighboring words.
Example: How now, brown cow.
9. Anaphora is when a word is repeated multiple times within a

phrase. Example: He had one apple, one banana and one pear.
10. Apostrophe is a direct address either to an absent person or to a

non-human entity.
Example: Come on trousers, you have to fit me.
11. Euphemism is the substitution of a mild or vague expression for a harsh or

unpleasant one.
Example: The former president passed away. (died)
12. Onomatopoeia is the use of words that imitate the sounds associated with
the objects or actions they refer to.
Example: The tick tock of the clock made the party stop.
13. Litotes is an understatement which applies a negative word to express the

meaning of the affirmative.
Example: The dress is not too bad.
14. Metonymy is when a thing is used to represent something related to

it. Example: The crown has spoken.
Meaning: The king has spoken.
15. Synecdoche is when a part of something is used to refer to the whole.

Example: Many wheels have passed already.
. Meaning: Many cars have passed already.
16. Oxymoron is apparently contradictory terms that are combined to produce a

special effect.
Example: She had bitter-sweet memories with her boyfriend.

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Specific experiences are also important to be included in your writing for
your readers to be able to connect with the situation or experience
you shared to whatever piece of writing you make.
Learning Competency
MELC: Use imagery, diction, figures of speech, and specific experiences to evoke
meaningful responses
HUMSS_CW/MP11/12-Ia-b-4
Directions
Hello, learner! You are about to check your learning in using imagery,
diction, figures of speech and specific experiences to evoke meaningful response.
LEARNING CONTRACT
AGREEMENT: By signing the contract, you are hereby accepting the responsibility to
finish the activity package and submit to your teacher ( ---------------------------) on
(-------------------------------------------------------
)___________________
LOAD.
Directions. Activity1: The following statements are lines from the text, “How my
Brother Leon Brought Home a Wife” by Manuel E. Arguilla. Read carefully the
given lines from the text and determine whether the author used imagery,
diction, figures of speech and specific experience in each line from the text.
Write IM for imagery, DI for diction, FS for figures of speech and SE for
specific experience on the space provided for.
____ 1. She stepped down from the carretela of Ca Celin with a quick delicate grace.
She was lovely. She was tall. She looked up through my brother with a
smile and her forehead was on a level on his mouth.
_____2. She was fragrant like a morning when papayas are in bloom.
_____3. He swallowed and brought up to his mouth more cud and the sound of his
insides was like a drum.
_____4. I laid on Labang’s massive neck and said to her. “You may scratch his
forehead now.”

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_____5.The sun was in our eyes for it was dripping into the bright sea. The sky was
wide and deep and very blue above us but along the saw-tooth rim of the
Katayaghan hills to the southwest flamed huge masses of clouds.
_____6. She was smiling at him and I stopped tying the sinta across Labang’s neck to
the opposite end of the yoke, because her teeth were very white, her eyes
were so full of laughter and there was a small dimple high up on her right cheek.
_____7. “Look Noel, yonder is our star!” Deep surprise and gladness were in her voice.
Very low in the west, almost touching the ragged edge of the bank was
the star, the biggest and the brightest in the sky.
____8. He must have taught her the song because she joined him, and her voice flowed
into his like a gentle stream meeting a stronger one.
____9. There was no light in my father’s room. There was no movement. He sat in the
big arm chair by the western window, and a star shone directly through it.
____10.I looked at Maria and she was lovely. She was tall. Beside my brother Leon,
she was tall and very still. Then I went out, and in the darkened hall
the fragrance of her was like a morning when papayas are in bloom.
ENGAGE
Directions. Activity 2: Identify the imagery used in the following lines whether it is
sense of sight, smell, taste, touch or hearing.
Example: She was fragrant like a morning when papayas are in bloom.(sense
of smell)
1. . I laid on Labang’s massive neck and said to her. “You may scratch
his forehead now.”
2. “Look Noel, yonder is our star!” Deep surprise and gladness were in her voice.
Very low in the west, almost touching the ragged edge of the bank was
the star, the biggest and the brightest in the sky.
3. He must have taught her the song because she joined him, and her voice flowed
into his like a gentle stream meeting a stronger one.
4. There was no light in my father’s room. There was no movement. He sat in the big
arm chair by the western window, and a star shone directly through it

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5. .I looked at Maria and she was lovely. She was tall. Beside my brother Leon, she
was tall and very still. Then I went out, and in the darkened hall the fragrance of
her was like a morning when papayas are in bloom
ADVANCE
Directions . ACTIVITY 3: Focusing on diction, study the lines of the story “How my
Brother Leon Brought Home a Wife using the given guide questions below.
Guide Questions:
1. Does the author use diction simply and clearly in the lines below? Why or why not?
She stepped down from the carretela of Ca Celin with a quick delicate grace.
She was lovely. She was tall. She looked up through my brother with a
smile and her forehead was on a level on his mouth.
2. Do the words used by the author in the statement below convey message clearly to
the readers? Why or why not?
He swallowed and brought up to his mouth more cud and the sound of
his insides was like a drum
3. Do you find difficulty in understanding the message of each of the lines of the text?
Explain.
Answer:

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REFINE
Directions. Activity 4.The following statements use figures of speech.

Write the correct figure of speech used in each item on the space provided for.
“The Celebrated Jumping frog of Calaveras Country”- Mark Twain
Wheeler enumerates all the things that Jim Smiley would bet on anything saying
that he even bet on Parson Walker’s wife who had fallen ill.
1. Answer: _________________________
He never changed his voice from the gentle flowing key to which he turned
the initial sentence.
2. Answer:__________________________
Jim Smiley had a dog that he would fight when this dog fought, his underjaw’d stick like
the forcastle steamboat……his teeth would…. shine savage like the furnaces.
3. Answer:__________________________
At the door I met the sociable Wheeler returning and he button-heeled me.
4. Answer:__________________________
When speaking of his frog, Smiley says that it is, “as solid as a glob of mud.”
5. Answer: _________________________
“The Cask of Amontillado” -Edgar Allan Poe

The thousand of injuries of Fortunato I had come as best as I could.

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NURTURE
Directions. Activity 5: From the given situation, “Life in the New Normal!” Write a
paragraph using diction, imagery, figures of speech, and specific experiences.

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Rubrics for Scoring for Activity 5
15pts 12 points 9 points 7 points 5 point

Content The learner The learner The learner The learner The learner
used all the used diction, used diction, poorly used poorly used
diction, imagery, imagery, diction, diction,
imagery, figures of figures of imagery, imagery,
figures of speech and speech and figures of figures of
speech and specific specific speech and speech and
specific experiences experiences specific specific
experiences appropriately appropriately experiences experiences
appropriately and and relevantly appropriately and ideas
and relevantly in in the given and relevantly conveyed
relevantly in the given topic ,however, in the given are not
the given topic but not it is not clearly topic. focused on
topic. clearly and and specifically the given
specifically conveyed and topic
conveyed in sometimes
the topic lack focus on
given. the topic given.
Mechanics The learner The learner The learner The learner The learner
used correct used correct used correct commits commits
spelling of spelling of spelling of misspelled misspelled
words, used words, used words, used words, used words, used
punctuations punctuations punctuations punctuations punctuations
correctly in correctly in correctly in the incorrectly in incorrectly,
the ideas the ideas ideas the ideas in the ideas
conveyed in conveyed conveyed conveyed are not
the given deviates in deviates and creates clearly
topic. the topic lacks any of confusion and conveyed
given. the diction, lacks any of and totally
imagery, the diction, lacks any of
figures of imagery, the diction,
speech and figures of imagery
specific speech and ,figures of
experiences in specific speech and
the topic given. experiences in specific
the topic given. experiences
in the topic
given.

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Reflection:
Reflect on what you have learned after taking up this lesson by completing the
K-W- L- chart below
What I KNOW What I want to KNOW What I have LEARNED
I thought that…… I want to……… I learned that……..
Reference:
PowerPoint presentation, Diction, Imagery, Figures of Speech, Evelyn L. Pacquing, St.
Paul University Philippines, May 30-31,2016
Webliography:
https://www.slideshare.net/RoxanneAmorsolo/how-my-brother-leon-brought-home-
a-wife-39630411
https://examples.yourdictionary.com
https://en.m.wikipedia.org>wiki
https://www.thoughtco.com
https://www.enotes.com

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Answer Key
Activity 1
1. DI, IM 6. IM, DI
2. IM, FS 7. IM, DI
3. IM, DI 8. IM, FS
4. IM, SE 9. IM, SE
5. IM, DI 10. IM, DI
Activity 2:
1.Sense of touch
2. Sense of sight
3. Sense of hearing
4. Sense of sight
5. Sense of sight, sense of smell
Activity 3:
1.The author used words simply and clearly because the message conveyed is
understood easily by the reader.
2.The author used words clearly and correctly which made the readers understand the
message conveyed by the author and there are no words/message that are duff9cult to
understand by the readers.
3. None at all. Yes because I find it hard for me to understand the message of
the author in the story.
(Learners vary in their answers
Activity 4
1.hyperbole
2.metaphor
3.simile
4.metaphor
5.simile

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Activity 5. (Learners vary in their answers)
Suggested Answer:
The life in the new normal is not an easy life for people in these trying times of
Covid19 pandemic. This global situation that we are facing today makes us like we
are groping in the dark. Many people around the world were dying and life is so hard
to manage due to incomparable hardships in life that we are experiencing today. We
are prisoners from the hell and we are experiencing storms and thunders in our
hearts that seems we could never endure, we are helpless like beggars waiting for
something where there is nowhere to find .The life new normal is never normal for it
is a mountain for us to carry on.
Prepared by:
ALLAN F. DELELIS
Teacher II, Claveria School of Arts and Trades

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CREATIVE WRITING
Name of Learner: __________________________ Score: __________

Grade Level/Section: ________________________ Date: __________
Various Elements, Techniques, and Literary Devices in Specific

Forms and Poetry

Poetry is a writing that formulates a concentrated imaginative awareness of
experience in language chosen and arranged to create a specific emotional
response through meaning, sound, and rhythm (Merriam Webster Dictionary)
ELEMENTS
I. SOUND
Sound devices are resources used by poets to convey and reinforce the
meaning or experience of poetry through the skillful use of sound.
6. Rhyme is the close similarity of sound as well as
an exact correspondence; it includes the agreement of vowel sounds
(Hat, cat and bat ; Cloud and allowed rhyme) and the repetition of
consonant sounds. Usually, but not always, rhymes occur at the end of
lines. Rhyme is the most common sound device in poetry.
The basic function of rhyme is to form units of sound and suggest units of
sense.
Rhyming Patterns
AABB – lines 1 & 2 rhyme and lines 3 & 4 rhyme
Ex. Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star
ABAB – lines 1 & 3 rhyme and lines 2 & 4 rhyme

Ex. Shakespearean Sonnets
ABBA – lines 1 & 4 rhyme and lines 2 & 3 rhyme

Ex. Sonnet VII by John Milton
ABCB – lines 2 & 4 rhyme and lines 1 & 3 do not rhyme

Ex. Samuel Taylor Coleridge, “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”
Practice hygiene protocols at all times

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9. Repetition is a literary device that repeats the same words or phrases a few
times to make an idea clearer and more memorable. It creates pattern, it
increases rhythm and Strengthens feelings, ideas and mood in a poem .
1. Alliteration is the repetition of the first consonant sound

in words.
Ex. Sheep should sleep in a shed
2 Assonance is the repetition of vowel sound, but start with

different consonant sounds
Ex. I made my way to the lake.
11. Consonance is the repetition of consonant sounds in the middle or at

the end of words, as distinguished from alliteration where the initial
sound is repeated.
Ex. Mike likes his new bike
4. Onomatopoeia is the formation of a word that phonetically imitates,

resembles, or suggests the sound that it describes to create a
dramatic, or poetic effect such as, dogs “bark,” cats “purr,” thunder
“booms,” rain “drips,” and the clock “ticks.”.
Ex. I heard ding-dong so I knew someone is at the door.
16. Rhythm is the pattern of stressed and unstressed beats or the flow of the beat
that gives it a musical beat. The rhythm of a poem can be analyzed through the
number of lines in a verse, the number of syllables in the line, and the arrangement of
syllables based on whether they are long or short, accented or unaccented
17.Imagery is the use of sensory details to make the audience feel as if they are
present in the situation the author is sharing, allowing them to deeply feel the
emotion being describe.
IV. Form. Poetry comes in a variety of forms. Some poems are extremely
structured, following a certain rhyme scheme and syllable count, while others allow
more creative freedom.
A. Lines and stanzas— Most poems are written in lines. The lines usually
function as a natural pause to signal a break in the flow. Lines in poetry are
similar to a sentence, except that writers are not obliged to use periods to end
each line.
A group of lines or a series of lines in a poem is called a stanza. These
lines may vary depending on the type of poem being crafted. Stanzas
separate ideas in a poem. They act like paragraphs.
5. Couplet is a poem, or stanza in a poem, written in two lines

6. Tercet is a poem, or stanza in a poem, written in three lines
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Quatrain is a poem, or stanza in a poem, written in four lines
Quintet is a poem, or stanza in a poem, written in four lines
Sestet is a poem, or stanza in a poem, written in four lines
Octave is a poem, or stanza in a poem, written in four lines
4. ABC Poem. Each line of the poem begins with a letter of the alphabet,
starting with A and moving in order through Z. Subject may be chosen by the
author.
5. Acrostic. This is a form of poetry where the first or last letters of each
line create a name, word, or phrase.
D. . Bio Poem. This is used to reveal information to the reader about the poet.
Cinquain . This is a 5-line poem that follows a specific format. There are
various types of cinquains. Some are created with a number of words or
syllables in mind. Another form is created using various parts of speech.
6. Concrete poem is written in a way that the words create the shape of the
subject of the poem
G.. Diamante - is a 7-line poem that looks like a diamond. It does not have
to rhyme. It can be used to describe one topic or two opposite topics.
H. Emotion Poem - is used to describe various emotions, good or bad, using

descriptive language.
I. Free Verse poems do not follow any rules. Their creation is completely in
the hands of the author. There is no right or wrong way to create these poems.
J. Haiku - This is a form of Japanese poetry that follows a specific syllable

pattern. It's made up of 3 lines, consisting of 17 syllables in total. Haikus are
usually about a specific part of nature.
K. Limerick - is a short, humorous poem that follows a determined rhyme

scheme of AABBA. This five line poem also follows a syllable count.
L. Narrative - is a poem that tells the story of an event in the form of a poem.
M. Pantoum - is a poem that uses a lot of repetition. To create this poem, follow
these steps.
4. Write a quatrain (4 line stanza). Writing emotional lines usually works best.
5. Take lines 2 and 4 of the first stanza and make them lines 1 and 3 of the
second stanza.
6. Take lines 2 and 4 of the second stanza and make them lines 1 and 3 of the
third stanza.
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• Continue your poem using this pattern.
• For your last stanza, go back to the first stanza of the poem. Make line 3 of the first
stanza line 2 of your last. Make line 1 of the first stanza line 4 in your last.
N. Sonnet - is a 14-line poem with a specific rhyme scheme. Each type

of sonnet follows a different rhyming scheme.
N.1 English (Shakespearean) Sonnet

14 line poem
3 quatrains (4 line stanzas) followed by 1 couplet (2 line stanza)
Rhyming scheme of ABAB CDCD EFEF GG
N.2 Italian (Petrarchan) Sonnet

14 line poem
1 octave (8 line stanza) followed by 1 sestet (6 line stanza)
Rhyming scheme of ABBAABBA CDCCDC (or CDECDE)
N.3 Spenserian Sonnet

14 line poem
3 quatrains followed by 1 couplet
Rhyming scheme of ABAB BCBC CDCD EE
O. Villanelle
5 tercets (3 line stanzas) with ABA rhyme scheme
Followed by 1 quatrain (4 line stanza) with ABAA rhyme scheme
The first and third lines of the tercet are alternately repeated as the last
lines of the remaining stanzas.
P.. TANAGA- Haiku equivalent from the Philippines; consisting of four lines
with each line equally having between seven and nine syllables. Mostly written
in Tagalog
Q. Senryu (also called human haiku) is an unrhymed Japanese verse
consisting of three unrhymed lines of five, seven, and five syllables (5, 7, 5) or
17 syllables in all. Senryu is usually written in the present tense and only
references to some aspect of human nature or emotions.
LITERARY TECHNIQUES/DEVICES
Techniques and devices are specific, deliberate constructions of language which
an author uses to convey meaning. An author's use of a literary technique usually
occurs with a single word or phrase, or a particular group of words or phrases, at one
single point in a text

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I. FIGURES OF SPEECH
Figures of speech are tools that writers use to create images, or
“paint pictures,” in the mind.
1. LITERAL LANGUAGE—The actual, dictionary meaning of a word. Writers

use literal language solely by their defined or primary meanings
2. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE- Language that goes beyond the normal meaning

of the words used.
MOST COMMOM FIGURES OF SPEECH
A. Simile— It is a comparison between two distinctly different things and

the comparison is indicated by the word as or like:
B. Metaphor— the use of a word which originally denotes one thing to refer to
another with a similar quality. The comparison is implied, not expressed
with the word as or like.
Personification-Personification gives human traits and feelings to things

that are not human-like animals or objects.
C. Apostrophe - It is a direct address either to an absent person or to a non-

human entity.
D. Hyperbole -Exaggeration is used for emphasis or effect.
E. Onomatopoeia - It is the use of words that imitate the sounds associated

with the objects or actions they refer to.
F. Oxymoron- is the combination of two contradictory terms to produce

a special effect.
G. Alliteration- refers to the appearance of the same initial consonant sound in

two or more words, such as:
Assonance- It is the repetition of identical/ similar vowel sounds

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H. Consonance: It is the repetition of consonant sounds in the middle or at the
end of words
I. Allusion - A figure of speech that makes a reference to a place, person, or

something that happened.. The reference can be direct or may be inferred,
and can broaden the reader’s understanding.
J. Irony-Words are used to convey a meaning contrary to their literal meaning
Anaphora-- The deliberate repetition of the first part of the sentence in

order to achieve an artistic effect.
K. Metonymy- Metonymy is a figure of speech that replaces the name of a thing

with the name of something else with which it is closely associated.
II.SYMBOLISM-
Symbolism occurs when one thing stands for or represents something else. It
is a reflection of our emotions written artistically to keep readers engaged as they
embark on a journey inside a poet’s complex mind.
III. THEME- It is the lesson about life or statement about human nature that the
poem expresses. This could be anything from a story to a thought that is
being portrayed in the poem.
IV.TONE - is the author's attitude towards the topic.
V.MOOD-- The mood is the atmosphere of the story, it is the feeling the reader gets
from a story. Mood is shown through the setting and the atmosphere.
VI.DENSITY.It is what sets poetry apart from prose (normal speech patterns/ the
way fiction and nonfiction books are written) Density is how much is said in how little
of space. The ability to use metaphors, not conform to traditional grammar styles,
and incorporate sounds and rhythms is unique to poetry. As you describe an image,
you’re meant to use figurative language while still following a certain sound and
rhythm to make a reader feel a certain way.

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VII.LINE BREAKS, WHITE SPACES AND ENJABMENT
Line breaks—Line break is the place at which a poet chooses to break a line which
is extremely important to the meaning and strength of a particular line and to the
poem’s overall integrity. A poet might choose, for example, to break lines in certain
places to preserve the correct meter or to create rhyme. Poets may even break lines
in the middle of a word to tease a reader into going to the next line. A thought can
go from one verse, or stanza, to another
White Spaces—White space appears to the right or left of the poem, or both if
the poem is in the center of the page. White space may depend on the choice of
the poet to create dramatic effect or to achieve the intended meaning.. There are
no rules for placing line breaks 5 and white space. The “right” way lies in the
poet’s heart— the intended meaning or effect
Enjabment-(in verse) the continuation of a sentence without a pause beyond the

end of a line, couplet, or stanza
Learning Competency:
MELC: Identify the various elements, techniques, and literary devices in
specific forms of poetry (S1Q1)
CG: HUMSS_CW/MP11/12c-f-6
Directions and Instructions
Hello, learner! You are about to check your learning/s on the different topics under
the Fundamentals of Communication in a five-stage exploration (1-Load, 2-Engage,
3-Advance, 4-Refine, 5-Nurture). Just follow the instructions given for every task.
LEARNING CONTRACT
AGREEMENT: By signing the contract, you are hereby accepting the responsibility to finish the activity
package and submit it to your teacher (____________________) on (____________________).

18
LOAD
FOCUS- Elements of Poem
Activity 1. Directions: Identify the elements of poem through the descriptions

presented in the following statements. Choose your answer from the word
pool below.
LINE IMAGERY
STANZA SYMBOLISM
RHYTHM DENSITY
THEME
_____________ 1.This is composed of a series of lines that are grouped

together to form the structure of a poem.
_____________2. This functions as a natural pause to signal a break in the
flow.
_____________3. This makes each line of your piece match as an excellent
way to make your poem memorable for your audience.
_____________4. This could be anything from a story to a thought that is being
portrayed in the poem.
_____________5. As you describe an image, you’re meant to use figurative
language while still following a certain sound and rhythm to
make a reader feel a certain way.
_____________6. It is a reflection of our emotions written artistically to keep
readers engaged as they embark on a journey inside a poet’s
complex mind.
_____________7. It is a figurative language used to represent a certain action,
object, and idea in a way that would appeal to the five senses.
_____________8. These lines may vary depending on the type of poem being
crafted.
_____________9. It’s similar to a sentence, except that writers aren’t obliged to
use periods to end each line.
____________10.This can help create a mental picture that readers form through
their imagination.

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ENGAGE
Activity 2. Identifying Poetic Devices
Directions: Identify which technique is used in the line from the choices
below. There may be more than one correct answer. Then, explain your
answer.
No.1 is done as an example.
Choices: alliteration rhyme onomatopoeia idiom

simile metaphor hyperbole personification
1. This falling spray of snow-flakes is / a handful of dead Februaries

Answer: Personification and Alliteration
- Februaries can’t die like humans can; therefore it is an example of
personification. Also, many words begin with the letter “F” or “S”, so it
also has alliteration.
2. The moon is faithful, although blind

Answer: _______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
3. children sleeping softly in their bedroom bunks
Answer:_______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
4. Time is a green orchard.

Answer: _______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
5. At dusk there’s a thin haze like cigarette smoke / ribbons

Answer: _______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
6. They chained themselves to subways for the endless ride from Battery Park to
the Bronx
Answer: _____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
7. A final word: before you start / The convulsions of your art,

Answer: _____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
8. That tree said / I don't like that white car under me, / or its gasoline smell
Answer:
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

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9. Life is a bowl of cherries
Answer: ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
10. All that I hear / Is the slishity-slosh of the rain.

Answer: ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
ADVANCE
Activity 3. Directions: Read and analyze the poem below. Copy the lines and
identify what poetic device has been used by the author. Use the table for your
answers.
Blessing
by Imtiaz Dharker
I. The skin cracks like a pod.

There never is enough water.
II. Imagine the drip of it,

the small splash, echo
in a tin mug,
the voice of a kindly god.
III. Sometimes, the sudden rush

of fortune. The municipal pipe bursts,
silver crashes to the ground
and the flow has found
a roar of tongues
From the huts,
a congregation: every man woman
child for streets around
butts in, with pots,
brass, copper, aluminium,
plastic buckets,
frantic hands,
IV. and naked children

screaming in the liquid sun,
their highlights polished to perfection,
flashing light,
as the blessing sings
over their small bones.

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LINES POETIC DEVICE
.
1. The skin cracks like a pod. Simile
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
REFINE
Activity 4. Directions: Read the statements below then select the letter of the
correct answer. Write:
A. Statement 1 is correct; statement 2 is false
B. Statement 1 is false; statement 2 is correct
C. Both statements are correct
D. Both statements are false
_______1.
A. Acrostic is a form of poetry where the first or last letters of each line
create a name, word, or phrase.
B. Emotion poem is used to reveal information to the reader about the poet.
_______2.
A. A diamante poem is a 5-line poem that looks like a diamond.
B. A concrete poem is written in a way that the words create the shape of
the subject of the poem.
_______3.
A. A cinquain is a 6 line poem that does not follow a specific format.
B. A narrative poem tells the story of an event in the form of a poem.
_______4.
A. Free verse poems do not follow any rules. Their creation is completely
in the hands of the author.
B. Haiku is made up of 3 lines, consisting of 18 syllables in total.
22
_______5.
A. Diona is Haiku equivalent from the Philippines consisting of four lines with
each line equally having between seven and nine syllables.
B. A limerick is a short, humorous poem that follows a determined rhyme
scheme of ABBAA.
_______6.
A. A sonnet is very distinct in structure. It has 15 lines, always
B. Enjambment is where the line of poetry ceases to end and a new
line begins. How the poem is divided.
_______7.
A. Tercet is a poem, or stanza in a poem, written in three lines
B. Quatrain is a poem, or stanza in a poem, written in four lines
_______8.
A. A pantoum is a poem that uses a lot of repetition.
B. A villanelle consist of 5 tercets (3 line stanzas) with ABB rhyme scheme.
_______9.
A. the continuation of a sentence without a pause beyond the end of a
line, couplet, or stanza. F white space Line break is
B. White space is the place at which a poet chooses to break a line.
_______10.
A. There is no right or wrong way to create a sonnet.
B. There is no right or wrong way to create free verse.
NURTURE
Activity 5.1. Directions: The following lines are taken from different poems. Using
the techniques line breaks, white spaces and enjambments, split up the
sentences to create an interesting poem. Play with the words and
phrases freely and may add a few words.
1. A never ending stream. I wake up every day with your smile on my mind
Beauty isn't seen by eyes. It's felt by hearts. My love for you is like the
raging sea,
2. Blackbirds were the only music in the spruces, autumn wind chases in
From all directions. The sky is blue and mellow and a thousand chaste
leaves Give way. Lovers hand in hand

23
Activity 5.2. Directions: Literary Element Identification. Find and label examples
of the following items in this poem:
Alliteration, repetition, imagery, rhyme pattern (label it), and stanza structure
Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening

by: Robert Frost
Whose woods these are I think I know.
His house is in the village, though;
He will not see me stopping here
To watch his woods fill up with snow.
My little horse must think it queer
To stop without a farmhouse near
Between the woods and frozen lake
The darkest evening of the year.
He gives his harness bells a shake
To ask if there is some mistake
The only other sound’s the sweep
Of easy wind and downy flake.
The woods are lovely, dark, and deep.
But I have promises to keep,
And miles to go before I sleep,
And miles to go before I sleep.

24
Reflection
Reflect on what you have learned after taking up this lesson by completing
the K-W-L chart below.
What I KNOW What I WANT to know What I have LEARNED

I thought that … I want to … I learned that …
References
REFERENCES
https://www.examples.com/education/elements-of-poetry.html
https://www.google.com/search?q=techniques+in+poetry+and+examples&sxsrf=ALe
Kk03Pm6xtBDHvfNjajHwTCJg0lfxF0A:1592228830683&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1
&fir=qP8W5rniI7ElSM%253A%252CcPZ9ggk3XzNacM%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_kS
vGZl6_cxujS7HWzvcy9VdRHPvpQ&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjw-OnO
oPqAhWWQN4KHZqlDHkQ_h0wAHoECAYQBA&biw=1366&bih=655#imgrc=7y4Sit
NCWqZ1QM
https://ocw.metu.edu.tr/pluginfile.php/32353/mod_resource/content/0/FIGURATIVE%
20LANGUAGE.pdf
https://lessonworksheets.com/concept/literary-devices
https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080301113030AAjkU2Chttps://les
sonworksheets.com/concept/literary-devices
https://www.slideshare.net/JackylineLagaa/types-and-elements-of-
poetry?next_slideshow=1
https://www.literacyideas.com/elements-of-poetry
http://homepage.smc.edu/meeks_christopher/SOUND%20DEVICES%20USED%20I
N%20POETRY.htm
https://literarydevices.net/rhyme-scheme/

25
https://www.poetry4kids.com/news/onomatopoeia-poetry-lesson-plan/
https://literarydevices.net/figure-of-speech/
https://literarydevices.net/imagery/
https://literarydevices.net/anaphora/
Line Breaks, white space by Julie Patterson, writer-in-residence, Indiana
Partnership for Young Writers
https://partnershipforinquirylearning.org/wp-
content/uploads/DifferenceBetweenPoetryProse.pdf
Answer Key
Exercise 1.
FOCUS- Elements of Poem
1. STANZA
2. LINE
3. RHYTHM
4. THEME
5. DENSITY
6. SYMBOLISM
7. IMAGERY
8. STANZA
9. LINE
10. IMAGERY
Exercise 2. Identifying Poetic Devices

2. PERSONIFICATION
3. ALLITERATION
4. METAPHOR
5. SIMILE/ALLITERATION
6. HYPERBOLE/ALLITERATION
7. RHYME
8. PERSONIFICATION
9. METAPHOR/IDIOM
10. ONOMATOPOEIA/HYPERBOLE
Activity 3
LINES POETIC DEVICE

Example.
1. The skin cracks like a pod. Simile
2. the small splash, echo Onomatopoeia/Alliteration

in a tin mug,
-Screaming in the liquid sun

26
3. the voice of a kindly god. Metaphor
4. the sudden rush Personification

of fortune.
5. The municipal pipe bursts, Assonance
silver crashes to the ground
and the flow has found
a roar of tongues
blessing sings
frantic hands
6. silver crashes to the ground Metaphor
7. the flow has found Personification/ Onomatopoeia

a roar of tongues
8. every man woman Rhyme

9. in the liquid sun Oxymoron
10. echo Enjambment
in a tin mug,
Activity 4.
A B
1. A T F-bio poem
2. C T T
3. B F-5 LINES T
4. A T F-17 SYLLABLES
5. D F-TANAGA F. AABBA
6. D F-14 LINES F- LINE BREAK
7. C T T
8. A T. F-ABA
9. D F-WHITE SPACE F. Line break
10. B f t
Activity 5.1
Answers may vary
HAZEL NEBAB-FARIÑAS/MARK KEVIN AGCAOILI

Writers

27
CREATIVE WRITING
Name of Learner: __________________________ Score: __________
Grade Level/Section: ________________________ Date: __________

Writing a Short Poem Applying Various Elements and Literary
Devices and Innovative Techniques

Elements of Poetry
7. Sound Patterns
Word Sounds
Alliteration: the repetition of initial sounds on the same line or stanza
Assonance: the repetition of vowel sounds (anywhere in the middle or
end of a line or stanza)
Consonance: the repetition of consonant sounds (anywhere in
the middle or end of a line or stanza)
Onomatopoeia: words that sound like that which they describe
Repetition: the repetition of entire lines or phrases to emphasize key
thematic ideas.
Parallel Structure: a form of repetition where the order of verbs and
nouns is repeated; it may involve exact words, but it more
importantly repeats sentence structure.
Rhyme
Rhyme is the repetition of similar sounds. In poetry, the most common kind
of rhyme is the end rhyme, which occurs at the end of two or more lines.
Internal rhyme - This rhyme occurs in the middle of a line.
2. Rhythm
Rhythm is the pattern of stressed and unstressed beats.
3. Imagery
Imagery is the use of figurative language to represent objects, actions, and
ideas in such a way that it appeals to our physical senses.
7. Form
Types of Poetic Forms
A haiku is a specific type of Japanese poem which has 17 syllables divided
into three lines of 5, 7, and 5 syllables. Haikus or haiku are typically written
on the subject of nature.
PRACTICE HYGIENE PROTOCOLS AT ALL TIMES 28

10. An acrostic poem is a type of poetry where the first, last or other letters in a
line spell out a particular word or phrase. The most common and simple
form of an acrostic poem is where the first letters of each line spell out the
word or phrase.
11. A cinquain is a five-line poem that was invented by Adelaide Crapsey.
Cinquains are particularly vivid in their imagery and are meant to convey
a certain mood or emotion.
12. Tanka, which means “short song,” has been an important literary form in
Japanese culture for nearly a thousand years. The basic structure of a
tanka poem is 5 – 7 – 5 – 7 – 7.
13. Shape poetry, or concrete poetry, develops the physical form of the words
on paper. A poem about the stars would take the shape of a star (or stars).
14. Sonnet There are two common forms, both of which have lots of rules,
should you want to follow the rules: the Petrarchan (or Italian) and the
Shakespearean (or Elizabethan). Sonnets traditionally have 14 lines and are
often about love—lost love, married love, forgotten love, the longing for love,
etc. Petrarchan sonnets typically have an ABBA ABBA CDE CDE rhyme
scheme, and Shakespearean sonnets are usually ABAB CDCD EFEF GG.
They are written in iambic pentameter.
15. Free verse is a poetry that is free from limitations of regular meter or
rhythm and does not rhyme with fixed forms.
Techniques/Devices in Poetry
The following are techniques and devices that can help you better
express your ideas and emotions in your poetry:
3 Figure of Speech is a word or phrase using figurative language – language that

has other meaning than its normal definition. This includes simile, metaphor,
synecdoche, metonymy, personification, hyperbole, understatement oxymoron,
allusion, etc.
4 Symbolism is the use of symbols to signify ideas and qualities, by giving them
symbolic meanings that are different from their literal sense.
5 Theme is defined as a main idea or an underlying meaning of a literary
work, which may be stated directly or indirectly.
6 Tone, in written composition, is an attitude of a writer toward a subject or an audience.
Tone is generally conveyed through the choice of words, or the viewpoint of a writer on
a particular subject.
Learning Competency:
MELC: Write a short poem applying the various elements and literary
devices exploring innovative techniques (S1/2 Q1/3) CG:
HUMMS_CW/MP11/12c-f-10
Directions and Instructions

Hello, learner! You are about to check your learning/s on writing a short poem
applying various elements and literary devices and innovative techniques in a
five-stage exploration (1-Load, 2-Engage, 3-Advance, 4-Refine, 5-Nurture). Just
follow the instructions given for every task.

LEARNING CONTRACT
AGREEMENT: By signing the contract, you are hereby accepting the responsibility to
finish the activity package and submit it to your teacher (____________________) on
(____________________).
LOAD Load our new friend with the concepts he needs!

Activity 1. The haiku is one of the simplest forms of poem there is. It comes from
Japan and has only three lines— the first with five syllables, the middle with seven
syllables and the third with five syllables again. However, that doesn’t mean a haiku
is easy to write. It has to convey something in just a few words, so every syllable
counts.
Now, using your knowledge on the elements of and techniques in poetry, write
2 haikus with the following specifications on the space provided:
12. Use sound patterns – Word sounds (alliteration, assonance, consonance, etc)
or Rhyme (end rhyme or internal rhyme)
13. Use imagery, symbolism or figures of speech.
14. Follow the Haiku form – 3 lines, 5-7-5 syllables
15. Use nature as your theme. It can be about the rain, the sunset, etc.
Your poetry will be rated using the rubric found after Activity 4.
Title of Haiku 1: _____________________________________
____________________________
___________________________________
____________________________
Title of Haiku 2: _____________________________________
____________________________
___________________________________
____________________________

ENGAGE. Engage and Connect
Activity 2. A cinquain is a five-line poem that describes a person, place, or thing.

Using the following graphic organizers, write 2 examples of cinquain. Your output
will be rated using the rubric found after Activity 4.
Cinquain 1: Describe an animal or your favorite pet
____________________________
a one-word title, a noun that tells what your poem is about
____________________________, ________________________
two adjectives that describe what you're writing about
_____________________,______________________,____________________
three -ing participles that describe what your poem is about
________________________________________________
a phrase that tells more about what you're writing about
________________________________
a synonym for your title, another noun that tells what your poem is about
Cinquain 2: Describe your hobby
______________________________
a one-word title, a noun that tells what your poem is about
____________________________, ________________________
two adjectives that describe what you're writing about
_____________________,______________________,____________________
three -ing participles that describe what your poem is about
________________________________________________
a phrase that tells more about what you're writing about
________________________________
a synonym for your title, another noun that tells what your poem is about

ADVANCE. Advance your skills by being creative.
Activity 3. Squeeze your creativity in words by writing an Acrostic poem. This
time you will be writing 2 acrostic poems: one for your first name and another
for the first name of the person you admire or love. Write your poetry on the
spaces provided for and be sure to apply the following elements and techniques to
make your poetry more ‘fun-tastic’:
17. Use sound patterns – Word sounds (alliteration, assonance,
consonance, etc.) or Rhyme (end rhyme or internal rhyme)
18. Use imagery, symbolism or figures of speech.
19. Use your name and the name of the person you admire or love as the form
of your acrostic
Your output will be rated using the rubric found after Activity 4.
Acrostic 1: Use your first name
Acrostic 2: Use the name of the person you admire or love

REFINE. Refine your skills by applying
Activity 4: Choose an object to be the subject of your poem. It could be your
favorite pet or favorite food or anything that interests you. Then draw a simple
outline of its shape on the space provided below. After that, you write your poem (at
least eight lines) by describing how your subject makes you feel. Remember to fit
your words in your drawing. Be guided by the following rubric.

Scoring Rubric:
CRITERIA Haiku Cinquain Acrostic Shape Poem
3 lines (depends on
POEM At least 8
5-7-5 5 lines the number of
FORMAT lines
syllables 1-2-3-1-1 letters in
with picture
his/her name)
Conventions 2 points will be deducted for each error in spelling,

(10 pts.) punctuation, lines, syllables or poem format
3 points will be taken off for each poem that does not fit the
Theme (15)
chosen theme
Creativity e.g.
5 points will be deducted if there are no elements of poetry
use of details
seen in the piece
(15)
Clear,
Consistent 3 points will be taken off in each of inconsistency done
Tone pertaining to the attitude of the writer towards his/her subject
(10)
Points Earned

NURTURE. Nurture your way to the finish line
Activity 5. Choose one picture from among the choices below. Express your
thoughts and feelings towards it by making your own free-verse poem. Be guided
by the rubric that follows.

Free-Verse Poem Writing Rubric
(Adapted from Gary R. Hess)
Criterion/Points Excellent Average Fair
(5 points) (3 points) (1 point)
Cohesiveness The poem goes The poem The poem does
perfectly together. somewhat goes not get together.
There is unity together but needs The poem’s lines
between lines and more and stanzas sway
stanzas, which cohesiveness. The from the topic.
connects with the poem’s lines and
topic. stanzas
sometimes sway
from the topic.
Use of Poetic The poem uses The poem uses The poem uses no
Elements three or more one or two poetic poetic element.
poetic elements to elements but they
enhance the poem sometimes distract
and the reader’s the reader.
emotions.
Rhythm The poem uses The poem The poem does
rhythm throughout, sometimes uses not have any
which benefits the rhythm but may noticeable rhythm.
poetic tone. waver in a way
that distracts the
reader and
negatively affects
the tone.
Creativity The poem uses The poem uses The poem does
three or more one or two unique not use unique
unique metaphors metaphors and metaphors and
and similes to similes to describe similes.
describe situations, objects,
situations, objects, and people.
and people.
Reflection
Reflect on what you have learned after taking up this lesson by completing
the K-W-L chart below.
What I KNOW What I WANT to know What I have LEARNED

I thought that … I want to … I learned that …

References
18. https://writing.colostate.edu/guides/page.cfm?pageid=1010&guideid=49
19. https://www.poemofquotes.com/articles/poetry_technique.php
20. https://vhlblog.vistahigherlearning.com/9-common-techniques-used-in-poetry.html
21. https://www.poetryfoundation.org/learn/glossary-
terms/tone#:~:text=Tone,of%20figurative%20language%2C%20and%20rhyme.
22. https://literarydevices.net/
23. https://www.masterclass.com/articles/poetry-101-learn-about-poetry-different-
types-of-poems-and-poetic-devices-with-examples#what-is-poetry
24. https://brighthubeducation.com
25. https://examples.yourdictionary.com/types-of-poetry-examples.html
26. https://bookriot.com/2018/05/08/different-types-of-poems/
27. https://www.everywritersresource.com/top-10-types-of-poems-or-forms-
or-formats/
28. https://www.everywritersresource.com/top-10-types-of-poems-or-forms-
or-formats/
29. http://www.readwritethink.org/parent-afterschool-resources/activities-
projects/write-theme-poems-30173.html
30. http://www.shadowpoetry.com/resources/wip/shape.html
31. https://poets.org/glossary/tanka
32. https://www.youngwriters.co.uk/info/other/poetry-types/acrostic
33. https://literaryterms.net/allusion/
34. https://courses.lumenlearning.com/atd-distanceminnesota-
creativewriting/chapter/lesson-12-figures-of-speech-in-poetry/
35. https://examples.yourdictionary.com/figure-of-speech-examples.html
36. https://medium.com/@english_grammar/figurative-language-in-
poetry-55dd9cc36974
37. https://www.herzing.ca/blog/ottawa/6-exquisite-benefits-of-writing-poetry/
38. https://www.slideshare.net/JackylineLagaa/types-and-elements-of-
poetry?next_slideshow=1
39. http://creative-writing-course.thecraftywriter.com/how-to-write-poems/
40. https://learn.lexiconic.net/elementsofpoetry.htm
41. https://www.masterclass.com/articles/tips-for-writing-better-poetry#11-tips-
for-writing-poetry
42. http://garyhess.blogspot.com

ANSWERS
(Answers to all the activities may vary.)
Sample Answers
Activity 1 - Haiku
Haiku 1: Sunset
Like the sun finds rest
Leave all your troubles behind
Move on from today
Haiku 2: Wind
You may not be here
My heart feels your love so dear
Whispers from the wind
Activity 2 - Cinquian
Cinquain 1: Favorite pet
Cat
Fluffy, warm
Purring, meowing, rolling
Needs love and attention
Cute
Cinquain 2: Hobby
Writing
Free, powerful
Describing, interpreting, criticizing
Making thoughts in words
Mirror
Activity 3 – Acrostic Poem
Acrostic 1 – My Name
Carefree as a dove
Amiable too and jolly
Rare to find man
Loving to family and friends
One God he believes

Serving Him is the greatest feat.
Acrostic 2 – Name of a Person I admire
Jesus, the begotten Son of God
Entered the world to
Save sinners like us.
Unconditional love He gave – was crucified, died and has
risen Soon, His next coming will come.
Activity 4 - Shape poem

Activity 5 - Free-verse poem
Morning Rays
On the hills, over the fields

A ray of life I see
Crawling from the meadows with glee
From the lowly world
Of yesterday's misery.
Today I set this life free
From worry and agony.
As the sun sets, there awaits another story
Of voyage - of treading through rock, grassy and winding boulevard.
Because like a book unfolds from every page,
There's box of treasure to behold
Through the lines and dots
And curves,
There's more to know.
Yes, as the ray comes here
I'll welcome the morning with glee.
Prepared by:
Carlos B. Garcia
Gynelle D. Follante, PhD

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What are the different types of figures of speech discussed?

What are the different types of figures of speech discussed?

What are some examples of figures of speech provided?

What are some examples of figures of speech provided?

CREATIVE WRITING

Name of Learner: Grade Level:

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Imagery, Diction, Figures of Speech and Specific Experiences

Background Information for Learners

Figures of Speech is an intentional deviation from ordinary language, chosen to

2. Metaphor is comparing two things without using like or

3. Personification is giving life to non-living objects or things.

4. Hyperbole is a term which uses exaggeration to add a more dramatic

5. Irony is a statement which conveys the opposite meaning of what is literally

6. Alliteration is when there is repetition of sound within a phrase or

Practice personal hygiene protocols at all times.

8. Assonance is the similarity in sound between vowels in the middle

9. Anaphora is when a word is repeated multiple times within a

10. Apostrophe is a direct address either to an absent person or to a

11. Euphemism is the substitution of a mild or vague expression for a harsh or

13. Litotes is an understatement which applies a negative word to express the

14. Metonymy is when a thing is used to represent something related to

15. Synecdoche is when a part of something is used to refer to the whole.

16. Oxymoron is apparently contradictory terms that are combined to produce a

Practice personal hygiene protocols at all times.

Practice personal hygiene protocols at all times.

Practice personal hygiene protocols at all times.

Practice personal hygiene protocols at all times.

Directions. Activity 4.The following statements use figures of speech.

“The Cask of Amontillado” -Edgar Allan Poe

Practice personal hygiene protocols at all times.

Practice personal hygiene protocols at all times.

15pts 12 points 9 points 7 points 5 point

Practice personal hygiene protocols at all times.

Practice personal hygiene protocols at all times.

Practice personal hygiene protocols at all times.

Practice personal hygiene protocols at all times.

Name of Learner: __________________________ Score: __________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Various Elements, Techniques, and Literary Devices in Specific

Background Information for Learners

ABAB – lines 1 & 3 rhyme and lines 2 & 4 rhyme

ABBA – lines 1 & 4 rhyme and lines 2 & 3 rhyme

ABCB – lines 2 & 4 rhyme and lines 1 & 3 do not rhyme

Practice hygiene protocols at all times

1. Alliteration is the repetition of the first consonant sound

2 Assonance is the repetition of vowel sound, but start with

11. Consonance is the repetition of consonant sounds in the middle or at

4. Onomatopoeia is the formation of a word that phonetically imitates,

5. Couplet is a poem, or stanza in a poem, written in two lines

H. Emotion Poem - is used to describe various emotions, good or bad, using

J. Haiku - This is a form of Japanese poetry that follows a specific syllable

K. Limerick - is a short, humorous poem that follows a determined rhyme

N. Sonnet - is a 14-line poem with a specific rhyme scheme. Each type

N.1 English (Shakespearean) Sonnet

N.2 Italian (Petrarchan) Sonnet

N.3 Spenserian Sonnet

Practice hygiene protocols at all times

Name of Learner: ________________ Score: