GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.

General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20

CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 1 of 30
THE REGION

WEEK 1 LESSON
DESCRIBELEARNING OBJECTIVES

Objectives:
1. Define art
2. Identify the different function of art
3. Appreciate the importance value of art in our daily lives
4. Define art style and factors affecting styles
5. Identify principles of art
6. Appreciate the importance value of principles of art in our daily lives

Definition of art

> according to Webster, art ‘’ human ingenuity in adapting natural things to man’s use’’ therefore, an
artist uses his genius in transforming god-made things into man-made things that satisfy his needs.
For instances, he converts wood into a religious image, into a house into a piece of furniture. He
transforms plants into cloth which will later become his clothing, or he turns them paper which will
later become an item of painting or sculpture.

> art came from the word ‘’ Arts’’ which means skill. It is synonymous with skill, cunning, artifice,
and craft, which all means the faculty of what is devised. Webster, however, points out, art mat be
used interchangeably with all the other terms but, in its most distinct sense, it contracts with them in
implying a personal, unanalyzable creative power, skill stresses technical knowledge and
proficiency, cunning, suggest ingenuity and subtlety in devising, inventing, or executing. Artifice
suggest mechanical skills especially in imitating things in nature, craft may imply expertness in
workmanship or suggest s trickery and guile in attaining ones ends.

Functions of art

> art serves several functions which are corollary to its purposes. These functions include but are
not limited to the following: personal and individual, social, economic, political, historical, cultural,
religious, physical, and aesthetic.

Personal or individual function- artist have their personal reasons for indulging in art.
Example: the English poet Robert browning expressed his love to ElizabethBarret-browning in
the form of a poem entitled ‘’ my last duchess’’; Elizabeth did the same by mean of the poem
entitled ‘’ how do i love thee’’The personal functions of art are often the most difficult to explain.
There are many types of personal function, and they are subjective and will therefore vary from
person to person. An artist may create out of a need for self-expression, or gratification.

CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region

MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 2 of 30
THE REGION

Figure 1 . Figure 2.

Social function- social being and as such he associated with his fellow beings. This associated is
evidence by the choral singing and group dancing in religious rites other practices. Oftentimes,
houses are constructed by groups of men for the smallest social groups in a society, the families.
Churches are built for communal work ship. A drama is performed by a group of performers called
the cast before a group of viewers known as the audience. Oral and written literatures are handed
from one generation to the next and enjoyed by the people of various races and ages. Jose Rizal’s
novels were written to arouse social consciousness. Museums house painting and sculpture which
are viewed by many onlookers. Social functions of art are those that go beyond personal intrinsic
value to art's social benefits. Individuals and their society are dynamically related. Art
communicates. Most often it is constructed with the intention of sharing responses to and opinions
about life with others. Art enriches, informs, and questions our world. When highly valued it can be
both a social and financial asset. Art can have powerful transformative and restorative effects within
a society as well.

Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3

Economic function- many people believe that it does not pay to be an artist. However, this belief is
negated by these facts. Joanne k. Rowling, the author of the best-selling harries potter series,
became one of the most highly-paid women in British history. Elvis Presley and MichaelJackson
raked millions for their best records. Painting of great painters such as da Vince and Buonarroti are
worth millions of dollars now. GMA 7 spent millions of pesos for the set of ‘’ INDIO ‘’ and
ENCANTADIA’’ and the costume pf RichardGutierrez in CAPTAIN BAEBELL.Arts and Designed
can be classified as a creative industry. Every industry no matter what its type can play a role in the
CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region
MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 3 of 30
THE REGION

economy. As an industry it provides the opportunity for employment. ... In order for The Arts and
Design to thrive they need to have the resources to develop their skills and creativity.

Figure1 : Figure 2 Figure 3

Political function- when ImeldaRomualdez Marcos, a patroness of the arts, became the governor
of metro manila, she promoted her political programs by means of the arts. Part of her beautification
program was the painting of murals along national roads and busy streets frequented by motorists.
She was responsible for the building of edifies in the CCP - CULTURAL CENTER OF THR
PHILIPPINES complex; these the PICC - PHILIPPINE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION CENTER,
FAT- FOLK ARTS THEATER, now known as tanghalangFrancisco’sbalagtas, and the film center.
Likewise part of the Marcos administration image-building program for the called new society
( bagong lipunan ) was the writing of composition inculcating the virus of self-discipline, industry,
unity, and cooperation.Political function: to reinforce and enhance a sense of identity and
ideological connection to specific political views, parties and/or people.

Figure 1: Figure 2 Figure 3

CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region

MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 4 of 30
THE REGION

Historical function- painting, sculpture, architecture works and other art form serve to record
historical figures and events. The OUR LADY OF EDSA shrine is sterling of Filipinos love of peace
and freedom as it reminds those who pass by EDSA of the bloodless revolution in the Philippines
history, emulated by other races all over the world.Historically, many works of art and nearly all
architecture were intended to serve some purpose beyond the aesthetic. Understanding function is
crucial because it usually plays a role in determining many features, including iconography,
materials, format, and aspects of style.

Figure 1 Figure 2

Cultural function- buildings, furniture chairs, tables, clothes and the like form part of the country’s
materials culture, while music, dance, and language, which is incorporated in oral and written
literature and drama, form part of its non- material culture. Therefore, paintings, sculpture.
Architecture works, songs, dances, dramas, and literary pieces are embodiments of a nations
culture. reflects a society's cultural ideas, values, and concerns, either collective or individual.
Cross-cultural studies of art shows that it represents different worldviews, religious beliefs, political
ideas, social values, kinship structures, economic relations, and historical memory.

Figure 1 Figure 2

Religious function- almost all, if not all, art forms evolved from religious. People in the olden times
worshipped their gods in the form of songs and dances. The earliest dramatic forms were religious
in nature. Religious art or sacred art is artistic imagery using religious inspiration and motifs and is
often intended to uplift the mind to the spiritual. Sacred art involves the ritual and cultic practices
and practical and operative aspects of the path of the spiritual realization within the artist's religious
tradition.

Figure 1 Figure 2
CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region
MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 5 of 30
THE REGION

Physical function- Paintings and buildings can both be symbols, but buildings also serve a
physical function. Many objects have both physical and aesthetic duties. Architects, Industrial and
Graphic Designers, Interior Decorators-all of these professionals have to balance form and function.
Art shares responsibility for the built environment: how it looks and how it works. Sometimes how it
looks improves how it works, and sometimes the opposite occurs.

9. Aesthetic function-While aesthetic communication can take place in a variety of ways, in art it
always involves the production of an artefact aimed at and productive of appreciation. ... Iseminger
emphasizes that the function applies to the practice of art as an institution, and not to the function
per se of every particular work of art. Arts works serve to beauty. Painting serve to decorate houses
and other buildings.

CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region

MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 6 of 30
THE REGION

Figure1 Figure 2

Art style and factors affecting style

Every artist has his way of presenting his work. Such is called art style. Such style is affected by the
following factors. Geographical. Historical, social, ideational. Psychological, and technical.

Geographical factors- the place where the artist stays influence his works.factors are inclined to
obscure the geographical influence. Early art, too, shows the ... widening of intercourse brought
enlarged resources and movement of ideas. Moreover ... an important role in influencing the
development of art.

Historical factors- historical events exert a great influence on artist, particularly the written
Example joserizal’s novels, noli me tangere and El filibusterismo, graphically highlight the events
that took place in the country during the last century of Hispanic vaue. Art influences society by
changing opinions, instilling values and translating experiences across space and time. Research
has shown art affects the fundamental sense of self. ... Art preserves what fact-
based historical records cannot: how it felt to exist in a particular place at a particular time.

Social factors- Social relationship affects artist .Art influences society by changing opinions,
instilling values and translating experiences across space and time. Research has shown art
affects the fundamental sense of self. Painting, sculpture, music, literature and the other arts
are often considered to be the repository of a society's collective memory.

Ideational factors-the ideas coming various people also influence artist. The father of
psychoanalysis, Sigmund freud, proposed ideas that have influenced surrealist painters. The idea
that the human body is the most beautiful figure to present as an art subject gave rise to school of
though called nudism. Ideational factors are grouped into three categories: cognitive, emotional
and social. ... The more ideational factors that apply to someone, the greater the likelihood that
they will adopt a health behavior. When ideational factors are summed in this way, they are highly
predictive of health behaviors.

Psychological factors- at times, the works produced by the artist are affected by their
psychological make-up or frame of mind.Physiological factors are things related to your physical
CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region
MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 7 of 30
THE REGION

body that affect your thinking. ... Physiological factors also include changes to the brain's
structure due to injuries, extended periods of inactivity, or physical stress.

Technical factors- techniques matter as far artistic styles are concerned. In fact , painters employ
a variety of techniques to make their works unique. Different brushes produce different stroke, if
there are no brushes, painters use their hands. those without hands make use of their mouths or
feet. Moreover, those with airbrushes or similar equipment produce painting with the use of such
equipment. Additionally, paintings can be rendered, realistically, surrealistically, impressionistically,
and so on.

Principles of art

To come up with attractive artworks, artist must be governed by the five conventions of artistic
compositions. The five principles of art are harmony, balance, rhythm, proportion, and emphasis.

Harmony- harmony is the most essential factors in a composition. Also called, unity, harmony, is
achieve when all the elements of a thing are put together to come up with a coherent whole. Every
part of a work of art is necessary to the composition to the extent that all the parts exhibits a sense
of belongings together and a pleasing relationship with one another. If one of the parts does not
complement the others, then lack of harmony result.

Balance- known as physical equilibrium, balance is stability produced by even distribution of weight
on each side of the things. It is classified into formal or informal.

Formal balance- Formal balance means the elements in the design (photo, painting, structure)
are symmetrica. Formal balance exist if the weight at equal distance from the center are equal.
Sample of formal balance:

Informal balance- informal balance is present when the left and right sides of things, though not
identical in appearance, still display an even distribution of weight. It is also known as
asymmetrical or occult balance.

Rhythm- is the continuous use of a motif or repetitive pattern of a succession of similar or identical
items. It can be achieved by alternation use of two patterns alternately. is the pattern of regular or
irregular pulses caused in music by the occurrence of strong and weak melodic and harmonic beats

Proportion- is the comparative relationship of the different parts in relation to the whole.  describe
the size of one object in relation to another, each object is often referred to as a
CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region
MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 8 of 30
THE REGION

whole. Proportion has a very similar definition but tends to refer to the relative size of parts within a
whole

Emphasis- is giving proper important on one or more parts of the things or the whole things itself. It
is achieve by means of size or proportion, shape, color, line, position, and variety. More often than
not, the artist emphasizes the one with the bigger size or proportion, the one with a different shape
or color, the one with striking lines, the one positioned at the center, and the one that is unique.

Activity # 1

Identification

General instruction: Write the correct answer on the space provided

_________1. Exist if the weights at equal distance from the center.

_________2.Asymmetrical or occult balance.
_________3. Relationship affect artist.
_________4.Pattern of a succession of similar or identical items.
_________5.Comparative relationship of the different part in relation.
_________6.Proper importance on one or more parts.
_________7. Those forms perceive my eyes
_________8. Two dimensional arts
_________9.Three dimensional arts.
_________10. Those forms perceive by both ears.

WEEK 2

WEEK 2 LESSON
DESCRIBE LEARNING OBJECTIVES

1. Identify the different classifications of art and divisions of art study

2. Distinguish integrative art from contemporary art
3. give the importance of art in the modern world
Classification of art forms

Artist abound since there are many genres of art. And the art number of artist keep on increasing as
new forms of art emerge. Based on the sensory perception involved, the genres of art are classified
into visual arts, audio-visual arts, and literary arts.

Visual arts- are those forms perceive by the eyes. These include painting, sculpture, and
architecture. They are also called spatial arts because artworks produced under this genre occupy
space. They are further divided into graphic arts and plastic arts.

CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region

MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 9 of 30
THE REGION

Graphic arts- are those visual arts that have length and width, thus they are also called two-
dimensional arts. Examples of these arts are painting, printing, drawing, sketching, commercial art,
mechanical pro, and processes, computer graphics photography.
Plastic arts- are those visual arts that have length, width, and volume,thus they are also called
three-dimensional arts examples of these are sculpture, architecture, landscape, city planning,
interior, design, costume design, set design, theater design, industrial design, crafts.

Audio-visual arts- are those forms perceive by both ears and eyes. They called performing arts
inasmuch as the artist render a performance in front of an audience. Examples of these are music.
( vocal, instrumental, and mixed ) dance, ( ethnological, social, and theatrical ) and drama ( tragedy,
comedy, tragicomedy, farce, melodrama )

Literal arts- are those presented in the written mode and intended to be read. These include prose
( short stories, novels, essays, and plays ) and poetry ( narrative poems, lyric poems, and dramatic
poems )

Division of art study

Humanities or the study of the arts was limited to aesthetics or art appreciation and/or art
history during the second half of the 20th century. With the onset of the new millennium and the
recent developments in various disciplines, the study of humanities has extended to art production
and art criticism. In short, humanities deals with four divisions of art study, namely, art appreciation,
art history, art production, and art criticism.

Aesthetics or Art Appreciation. Aesthetic, the science of beauty, is that division of art study in
which the student learns to admire the artists, value highly different works of aart, and appreciate
the role of art in society.

Art History. Art history is that division of art study in which the student acquires knowledge of the
artists, their backgrounds, their masterpieces, and their significant contributions in various fields of
art.

Art Production. Art production is that division of art study in which the student learns to use his
creativity and apply his artistic knowledge and skills in producing his own works of art.

Art Criticism. Art criticism is that division of art study in which the student learns to use hus
judgement in evaluating different artworks based on the criteria set.

Integrative Art
A number of art forms are combined to form an art work. For example, an opera or musical
play is combination of music, dance, and drama. A building is an architectural work that can have
paintings and sculptures as integral parts. Dishes are products of culinary arts; they may have
vegetable or fruit sculptures as decorations. A t-shirt or another piece of garment may have a
design produced through computer graphics. A novel or another literary piece in book form may
have a painting or drawings as its cover. All these serve to exemplify integrative art.

CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region

MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 10 of 30
THE REGION

Contemporary Art
Wikipedia defines contemporary arts as “art produced at the present period in time.
Contemporary art includes, and develops from, post-modern art, which is itself a successor to
modern art.” However, many people equate contemporary art with modern art. Another online
definition is “art that has been and continues to be created during our lifetimes.” Simply put, it is art
that is contemporary to us.

The period of modernism ends around 1970, which marks the start of the era of post-
modernism. And since post-modernism is the most recent movement in the field of art, it is
considered to be the contemporary art movement. Thus, contemporary art runs from 1970 until
now. “A whole lot of art from the last 30 years (or so) has been connected with one issue or
another: feminism, multiculturalism, globalization, bio-engineering and AIDS awareness all come
readily to mind as subject matter.”

Activity # 2

Activity Performance

Materials:

Pencil/marker

-crayons

-short bond paper

-eraser

Instruction: create an artwork by applying different artworks of integrative and contemporary

art.

Rubrics

Criteria 10-mastery 5-accomplish 5-acceptable total

Components The drawing Clear The drawing
reflection are represent a clear understanding of represented by
knowledge understanding material the knowledge
and gained
Basic skills Drawing exhibits Drawing contains Effort in work
attention to detail may strong appear in good
and variety elements only quality
few drawing
techniques used
Meaning and Shading is well The drawing still The drawing has
realism of the done with defend has a two complete look to
artworks attention to detail dimensional gained an
object quality or good attention
quality

CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region

MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 11 of 30
THE REGION

WEEK 3 LESSON
DESCRIBE LEARNING OBJECTIVES

1. Define elements of the audio-visual arts ( music , dance )

2. Identify elements of the audio-visual arts ( music , dance )
3. Appreciate the importance value of the elements of the audio-visual arts ( music , dance)
4. Define audio visual arts ( drama, theater )
5. Appreciate the importance audio-visual arts ( drama, theater )

Elements of the audio-visual arts

Music – is the art of combining sounds of varying pitch to produce a coherent composition that is
melodious, harmonious, intelligible, and expressive of ideas and emotions. Similar to any art form,
music, has its own elements. Because it is an audio-visual arts, it shares the same elements
possessed by dance and drama. Its elements are listed in the following.
Pitch- the relative highness or lowness of a tone.

Volume or intensity- the loudness or softness of a sound. It ranges from very soft and soft to very
load and loud. The volume is louder when a singer belts out compared to the volume when he
simply whisper.

Tempo or rate- the speed of a composition or any of its sections. Ballads have a slow tempo
whereas dance songs have a fast rate.

Duration- the length of time during which a sound is produced. Some sounds are longer than the
others.

Timbre- the quality of sound that makes it distinct from other sound.

Rhythm- the consistent pattern or succession of identical or similar sounds. This is illustrated by
the succession of similar sounds in a song, as follows, introduction, stanza one, chorus, refrain,
stanza two, chorus, refrain coda, and conclusion.

Melody- the series of consecutive tones that vary in pitch and duration but form a line individual
significance and expressive.

Harmony- the simultaneous sounding of two or more tones. When three or more tones sounded
simultaneously, there exist a chord.

Texture- the number of tones expected to be apprehended simultaneously. It is either monophonic

( sounding of a single melodic line without an accompaniment polyphonic.( sound transmission )

CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region

MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 12 of 30
THE REGION

Form- the overall organization of the composition, it is associated with shape, structure and
coherence.

Dance

Dance is a form of art using rhythmic bodily movements expressing ideas and emotions and
accompanied by music. As an art for,, it may tell a story, set a mood, or express an emotion, it is a
form of exercise, number of people who want to be physically fit turn to dancing.

Dancer- is the most important elements of dance. Since he is the performer, there won’t be a
dance without him.

Choreography- is the dance director. He does the overall design of the dance, assign the steps to
be executed by the dancer, selects the costumes and props that go with the dance.

Design- is the planned organization or pattern of movements in time and space.

Subject- is the message of the dance. Simply put, it tells what the dance is about. For example, the
theme of the ifugao war dance is the rivalry between two tribes that leads to an armed cobflict.

Movements- movements are classified into steps, gesture and facial expressions, steps are the
dancers movements from one point on stage to another, these include leaps , turns, rolls and
somersaults.

Techniques- is the style or way of executing the movements,

Properties- more commonly called props. Properties are the things carried by the dancers as they
perform.

Costumes- are things worn by dancers during their performance

Set design- the setting or the background that indicates the place of action for the dancers.

Other theatrical elements- elements such as lighting effects, sound effects, visual effects, and the
like form part of a dance performance when the dance is performed as part of a musical play or
when it is theatrical dance.

Drama or theater

Drama is a form of art that depicts life’s experiences through the reenactment of events that take
place in the real world or happen in the mind of the writer. Derived from the Greek word dram
meaning to act or to do., drama is performed on stage or in front of the camera by actors and
actresses under the supervision of the director.

Direction/ director- is the overall in charge of the dramatic performance.

Acting- the members of the cast perform the roles assigned to them by the director.
CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region
MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 13 of 30
THE REGION

Editing- the editor sequences the scenes to be presented in such a way that they make up a
coherent whole.

Set design- set designer does the layout of the set. He determines what to place as background
and what to put on stage.
Production design- similar to the set designer for a stage play, the production designer is tasked
to do the overall design for a drama to be shown on the small screen or the wide screen.

Cinematography- is the person who takes charge of the photography. He looks for a location that
fits the story and with the aid of the cameramen.

Costume design- creates the clothes to be worn by the actor and actresses.

Make up- artist beautifies or uglifies the actors and actresses based on the roles they portray.

Properties- the properties ( props for short ) are the things which the actors and actresses carry or
bring with them as they perform on stage or in front of the camera in order to establish their
character.

Light or lighting affects- the light man is in charge of determining the amount ( bright or dark ) and
the surces ( sun, lamp, flashlight or candle ) of light needed to make scenes realistic and credible.

Sound effects- the sound effects man is in charge of determining the amount ( loud, soft ) and the
sources ( people, animals, objectives, horns thunder ) of sound needed to make the scenes realistic
and credible.

Visual effects- the visual effects man is in charge of producing those sight that are not usually
captured by the camera in order to make the scenes effective, exciting, and appealing to the
viewers.

Theme song- the theme song is the song composed to represented the theme or the subject
matter of the drama.

Musical scores- the theme song is not the only song played in a drama whether it is a comedy a
tragedy, a melodrama, or another genre.

Story- is one of the most important aspects of a play for without it, there wont be any production.

Script- the script is that contains the dialogue or lines to be memorized by the performance.

Literary elements- the literary elements of drama are the setting, characters, plot, theme, conflict,
point of view, tone, mood, and atmosher.

Tragedy- a tragedy is a drama, in which the hero fails to fulfill his goal or goals. His failure is
attributed to his tragic flaws, a fatal mistakes.
CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region
MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 14 of 30
THE REGION

Comedy- is a drama in which the hero succeeds in fulfilling his goal or goals. Sometimes, it is
comic all throughout as a manners or a slapstick comedy such that the viewers laugh and laugh as
they watch the performance.

Tragicomedy- a tragicomedy is a drama in which the hero fails with respect to some goals but
succeeds with respect to the other goals.

Farce- a farce is drama written by the author whose intention is to poke fun at the hero, his subject,

Melodrama- a melodrama is a drama that focuses not on the protagonist, but on on the action or
situation. It is characterized by the sentimental love story, sensational actions , extravagant
emotions and happy ending. Most of Sharon cuneta films are melodrama.

Religious play- is a drama that serves to reenact a biblical event or teach a truth or truths
pertaining to a certain religion.

Historical play- just like a religious play, a historical play serves to reenact a historical events that
plays an important role on the lives of the viewers.

Musical play- also known as an opera, musical play is an art form combines music and drama.

Literature.

The term literature came from the latin word ‘’ literature ‘’ meaning writing or learning or from the
latin word literatus meaning literate or learned. As such, a literary piece is produced by someone
who is literate or learned in the language or culture of a social group. Literature is divided into two
broad genres- poetry and prose. Poetry is that broad genre of literature that is written in stanza
form. It is characterized by a regular rhythmic pattern , rhythm, horizontal and/or vertical measure,
imagery, symbolism, and figurative language. Making it distinct from prose forms, these elements
are as following:

Measure- involves the counting of the number of lines and stanza 9 vertical measures ) and the
number of syllables and feet ( horizontal measure )

Rhythm – is the regular succession of accented and unaccented syllables in the line. Is the
presence of words that have similar or identical final sounds.

These are those following rhythm:

 Internal rhyme
 Terminal rhyme
 Perfect rhyme
 Approximate rhyme
 Eye rhyme
 Masculine rhyme
 Feminine rhyme

CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region

MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 15 of 30
THE REGION

 Compound rhyme

Imaginary- is the creation of a picture or pictures by using words that appeal to the sense. It is
either visual, auditory, olfactory, gustatory, tactile or tactual, kinesthetic, or thermal.

Symbolism- is manifested when one thing is let to represent another. A symbol is something which
represent something else by association, resemblance, or convention.

Prose- is that broad genre of literature that is written in paragraph form. It is an expression that
does not have a regular rhythmic pattern. It differs from poetry in the sense that it does not have
measure and rhyme, besides rhythm with sustained regularity. All genres of prose, except essays,
have the following elements: setting, characters, theme, plot, conflict, and point of view.

Setting- refers to the time and locale of the story.

Characters- are categorized into principal and supporting characters. The principal characters are
the protagonist and the primary antagonist, whereas the supporting characters are the supporting
antagonists, confidants, foil, and background characters.

Theme- is the idea or concept of the author expressed in a concise statement. Referred to as the
message of the story, it concretizes the abstract idea the writer wants to impart.

Plot- is the chronological sequence of events in the story. It is divided into the following parts:
exposition, rising incident/s, complication, crisis, climax, denouement, or resolution, falling
incident/s, and conclusion.

Conflict- is the motivating, driving force that involves both characters and readers in the narrative.
Synonymous with opposition, conflict is classified into social, physical, metaphysical, and internal or
personal conflict.

Point of view- is the angle of narration. The frame of reference the author takes in telling the story
is either first person or third person.

Activity # 3

General Instruction:.Write the correct answer on the space provided

___________1.Overall organization of the composition.

CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region

MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 16 of 30
THE REGION

___________2.Sounding of two or more tones.

___________3.Individual signicant and expressive value.

__________4. He/she dance director

__________5.Setting of the background that indicates the place of action for the dance.

___________6. Style or way of executing the movements

__________7.Organization or pattern of movements in time and space.

__________8. Overall in charge of the dramatic

__________9. Perform the rotes assign to them by the direction

_________10. Beautifies of uglifies the actors or actress or actress

_________11. Presented the theme or the subject matter of the drama

_________12. Designer creates the clothes to be worn by the actor and actress

__________13.Dialogue or the lines to be memorized.

___________14.Most important aspect of a play.

___________15.Drama in which the hero fails to fulfill his goal or goals.

WEEK 4 LESSONS
DESCRIBE LEARNING OBJECTIVES
CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region
MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 17 of 30
THE REGION

1. Discuss Classification of characters ( elements )

2. Appreciate the importance value of Classification of characters ( elements )
3. Discuss the National artist of the Philippines ( music& dance )
4. Appreciate the importance value of National artist of the Philippines ( music& dance )

Classification of Characters ( Elements )

Elements
-to produce an awe-inspiring artwork, an artist must know first the different principles of art and
the elements of the specific art he is engaged in. Knowledge of the art principles and of the
elements of the visual arts is helpful in art production.

Line- is a series of connected dots or a prolongation of a point to show the shape or form of any
piece of art. It is an important element of visual arts because all painters, sculptors, and architects
use lines as springboard of their finished products.

Vertical Lines- show height or stature poise, balance, force, strength, dignity, and dynamism. A tall
tree, a standing man, a bird poised for flight, and a flagpole are presented with vertical lines.

Horizontal Lines- indicate width, rest repose, quietness, calmness, serenity, infinity, contemplation,
and inaction.

Diagonal Lines- manifest movement, action, and direction. A running man, a flying bird, a galloping
horse, a flowing river, and fireworks display diagonal lines.

Broken or Jagged Lines- connote chaos, confusion, tension, disturbance, violence, or war.

Straight Lines- exhibit steadiness, stiffness, stillness, inactivity, and force. Inanimate objects like
buildings and bridges are shown with straight lines.

Curved Lines- compared to diagonal lines, curved lines whether concave (inward) or convex
(outward) indicate movements that are smooth.

Color- color is the most important and most noticeable of all the elements of visual art. Dependent
on the presence of light, it is that property of an object that makes it appealing to the visual sense.
Colors are classified in several ways. Based on how they produced, colors are classified into
primary, secondary, and intermediate. According to their position in the color wheel, they are
adjacent, analogous, complementary, spilt complementary, or triadic. Based on their effect on the
visual sense, they are either cool or warm. According to value they are either light or dark. Based
on intensity are bright or dark

Primarycolors- Primary colors are blue, red, and yellow (BRY). They are described as primary
colors because they are the first to be produced and the rest of the colors are produced as result of
their combination.

CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region

MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 18 of 30
THE REGION

Secondary color- Secondary colors are, orange, and violet (GOV). they are produced by
combining two primary colors. For examples, green is a product of combining blue and yellow, and
orange is a product of combining red and yellow, and violet is a product of combining red and blue.\

Complementary colors- Complementary colors. are those colors situated opposite each other in
the color wheel. Examples are red and green, blue and orange, and yellow and violet. Double
complementary colors are two pairs of opposite colors.

Triadic colors- Triadic colors. Colors are a set of three colors forming a triangle in the color wheel.

Cool colors- Cool colors are those colors that are conspicuous and not striking to the eyes. Also
called receding colors, they suggest distance, tranquility, sobriety, and restfulness. Examples are
violet, green, and blue, the coolest and calmest of all colors.

Warm colors- Warm colors are those colors that are conspicuous and not striking to the eyes.
Also called advancing colors, they suggest warmth, vivacity cheerfulness, exultation, instinctive
action, and excitement.

Texture.Texture is the element of the visual arts associated with the sense of touch. it is the
surface characteristic of an area. An artwork may be smooth or rough, fine or coarse, glossy or dull,
regular or irregular.

Shape. Shape is the external appearance of clearly defined area. It contributes to the final form of
the art work, circles and polygons (triangles, rectangles, squares, pentagons, hexagons, heptagons,
etc. are put together to make up the whole object

Space. Space is the area or surface occupied by the art work. A painting covers a flat surface such
wall

Volume. Volume to space, volume is the amount of space occupied by an object in three
dimensions, pertaining to solidity or thickness it is perceived in two ways: by contour lines or out
lines or shapes of objects and by surface light and shadow (Sanchez, Abad, and Jao, 2002).
Perspective. Perspective is synonymous with point of view, angle of vision, or frame of reference. It
is the point where the artist stands to view his subject as he creates his artwork. It refers to the
location and distance upon the appearance of an object by which his eyes judge spatial
relationships.

Form. Form refers to the overall composition of the art work. It describes the entire shape or
organization of the thing or object created. For example, a pyramid is presented is as one triangle if
the front view is used as the perspective, whereas two triangle are shown if the left or the right side
view is used as the perspective.

Painting- is the art applying pigments to surface in order to present a picture of the subject.
Example: an artist working on an oil painting of harvest time chooses the pigments ( coloring
CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region
MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 19 of 30
THE REGION

substance : green for rice stalk, brown for men, white for shirts, blue for pants, gray for oil, and so
on ).

Sculpture- is the art of curving or otherwise forming a three-dimensional work of art. The sculpture
originated from the latin word scupere meaning to carve. However, there are ways of sculpturing
other hand carving, these are casting, modeling, figures or forms, and constructing materials into
figures or form.

Architecture- is the art and science of designing and constructing buildings, bridges, and other
structure to satisfy individual and communal needs. It is complex art inasmuch as the task of the
rachitic is not only to create the design of the exterior of the building or similar structure, but also to
do the design of its interior.

National artist of the Philippines

Music

ANTONINO BUENAVENTURA ( MAY 4,1904-JANUARY 25, 1996 )

 National artist of the Philippines for music in 1988, Buenaventura was a maestro of the UE
school of music and arts. He was among the students of nicanorabelardo, who ran a
boarding school for young musicians.

LEVI CELERIO ( APRIL 30,1910- APRIL 2, 2002 )

 National artist of the Philippines for music in 1997, celerio was a Filipino composer and
prolific lyricist, with over 4,000 songs to his credit. Featured in the guiness book of world
records for being the only man who could play music with a leaf.

ERNANI JOSON CUENCO ( MAY 10, 1936-JULY 12,1988 )

 National artist of the Philippines for music in 1999, cuenco was a prolific Filipino composer,
film scorer, musical director, and music teacher.

FELIPE PADILLA DE LEON ( MAY 1,1912- N0VEMBER 2, 1992 )

 National artist of the Philippines for music in 1997, De leon was a Filipino composer who
wrote the patriotic song ‘’ awitsapaglikha ng bagongpilipinas’’ ( hymm of the birth of new
Philippines ) known by its first line ‘’ tindigakinginangbayan’’ intended to replace ‘’
lupanghinirang, ( known as in its English translation as the Philippine national hymm.

CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region

MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 20 of 30
THE REGION

FRANCISCO FELICIANO ( FEBRUARY 19, 1941-SEPTEMBER 19, 2014

 National artist of the Philippines for music in 2014, Feliciano contributed to the awareness of
people globally, to view the Asian and Philippine culture asa rich source of inspiration and
celebration of our ethnicity.

JOVITA FUENTES ( FEBRUARY 15, 1985- AUGUST 7,1978 )

 National artist of the Philippines for music in 1989, KASILAG was a Filipino composer, music
educator, former president of the CCP for 17 years, head of the Asian composers league,
chairperson of the Philippines society for music education, and pioneer of the bayanihan
dance company.

JOSE MACEDA ( JANUARY 31, 1917- MAY 5, 2004 )

 National artist of the Philippines for music in 1997, MACEDA was a manila born Filipino
composer and ethnomusicologist who studied piano, composition, and musical analysis at
ecole de musique de paris and conducted field work on ethnic music’s in the Philippines.

ANTONIO J. MOLINA (December 26, 1984-January 29, 1980)

 National Artist of the Philippines for Music in 1973, Molina was a Filipino composer,
conductor, and music administrator who was credited with over 500 compositions, the first of
which was written in 1912 (“Matrinal”). He was appointed to teach harmony, compositions,
music history, and violincello at the UP Conservatory of Music where he founded the CEU
String Quarter professionally organized and financed by its music school.

LUCIO D. SAN PEDRO ( February 11, 1913-March 31, 2002 )

 National Artist of the Philippines for Music in 1991, San Pedro was a Filipino composer and
teacher born in Angono, Rizal. Known for his popular lullaby “SaUgoy ng Duyan” (composed
in collaboration “with Levi Celerio ) and his symphonic poem “LahingKayumanggi,” he taught
composition at a number of colleges and universities.

RAMON P. SANTOS ( Born February 25, 1941 )

CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region

MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 21 of 30
THE REGION

 National Artist of the Philippines for Music in 2014, Santos is a composer, conductor,
musicologist, and the country’s foremost exponent of contemporary Filipino music. “He is
instrumental in espousing a modern Philippines music rooted old Asian practices and life
concepts. His major works are “Ritwal ng Pasasalamat,” “Penomenon.” “Parangal kay SW,
“L’Bad,” “DaragangMagayon.” “and “DW’Gey” (NCCA).”

ANDREA O. VENERACION ( July 11, 1928-July 9, 2013 )

 National Artist of the Philippines for Music in 1999, Veneracion was a Filipino choral
conductor who founded in 1963 the Philippine Madrigal Singers (aka Madz), who major
awards in international choral competitions under her direction. An adjudicator in numerous
international choral competitions, she is the founding choirmaster and first conductor of the
Asian Institute for Liturgy and Music (AILM) Chorale.

DANCE

LEONOR OROSA-GOQUINGCO (July 24, 1917-July 15, 2005)

 National Artist of the Philippines for Dance in 1976, Goquingco (aka Cristina Luna) was
known as “Trailblazer,” “Mother of Philippine Theater Dance,” and “Dean of Filipino
Performing Arts Critics.” In 1039, she was the only dancer sent on the first cultural mission
to Japan (at the age of 19);she produced “Circling the Globe” and “Dance Panorama” in the
same year.

RAMON OBUSAN (June 16, 1938-December 21, 2006)

 National Artist of the Philippines for Dance in 2006, Obusan founded in 1972 the Ramon
Obusan Folklore Group (ROFG), which started as a fledgling folk dance company composed
of some 30 performers. Reflecting the traditional culture of the Philippines through dance
and music, the ROFG made a name for itself in the dance genre by serving as the precursor
of Philippine dance that approximated its original form.

FRANCISCA REYES-AQUINO (March 9, 1899-November 21, 1983)

 National Artist of the Philippines for Dance in 1973, Reyes-Aquino was named the “Mother
of Philippine Dancing” for her voluminous collection of Philippine folk dances. She gathered

CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region

MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 22 of 30
THE REGION

indigenous folk dances, songs, and games for her master’s thesis at the University of the
Philippines.

Theater, Film and Broadcast Arts.

DAISY AVELLANA (January 26, 1917-May 12, 2013)

 National Artist of the Philippines for Theater and Film in 1999, Avellana is a performer and
film director. She was married to LambertoAvellana, another Philippine National Artist. Her
film credits include “Portrait of the Artist as Filipinoi” (actress and scriptwriter), “Diego Silang”
(directress), “WalangSugat” (directress), and “Sakay” (scriptwrirer).

LAMBERTO AVELLANA (February 12, 1915-April 25, 19991)

National Artist of the Philippines for Film 1976, Avellana was the first recipient of such award
conferred by Pres. Ferdinand Marcos. He was a prominent Filipino film and stage director whose
career spanned six decades. Of the more than 70 films he directed, the films “AnakDalita” (1956)
and “Badjao” (1957) won for him international acclaim.

ISHMAEL BERNAL (September 30, 1938-June 2, 1996)

 National Artist of the Philippines for Cinema in 2001, Bernal was an acclaimed Filipino film,
stage and television director, actor, and screenwriter. He was known for his melodrama
dealing with feminist and moral issues.

SALVADOR E. BERNAL (January 7, 1945-October 26, 2011)

 National Artist of the Philippines for Theater and Design in 2003, Bernal was an acclaimed
artist from the Philippines. Since he began his career 1n 1969, he completed over
300productions in art, film, and music.

CATALINO BROCKA (April 3, 1939-May 21, 1991)

 National Artist of the Philippines for Cinema in 1997, Brocka (aka Lino) is known as an
“actor’s director” because he groomed many budding actorsinto award-winning ones.

CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region

MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 23 of 30
THE REGION

Among them are Christopher de Leon (“TinimbangKaNgunitKulang”), BembolRoco

(“Maynila: Sa Kuko ng Liwanag”), Hilda KoRONEL (“Insiang”), Philip Salvador (“Jaguar” and
“Bayan Ko: KapitsaPatalim”), Gina Alajar (“Orapronobis”0, Daniel Fernando (“Macho
Dancer”).

MANUEL CONDE (October 9, 1915-August 11, 1985)

 National Artist of the Philippines for Cinema in 2009, Conde “indigenized cinema by
assigning it a history and culture of its own, by revitalizing folk culture with urgent issues, by
depicting and critiquing Filipino customs , values, and traditions according to the needs of
the present , by employing and at the same time innovating on the traditional cinematic
genres of his time, and by stablishing the presence of the Filipino cinema in the world
(NCCA).

HONORATA DE LA RAMA-HERNANDEZ (January 11, 1902-July 11, 1991)

 National Artist of the Philippines for Theater and Music in 1987, De la Rama (aka Atang)
was a singer, playwright-producer, and vaudeville performer who became the first Filipino
film actress.

GERARDO DE LEON (September 12, 1913-July 25, 1081)

 National Artist of the Philippines for Cinema in 1982, De Leon (aka “Gerry”) was a Filipino
actor and director from the Ilagan clan of Philippine motion pictures. He had his acting debut
in the film “AngDangal” (1934) and his directional debut in the film “Bahay-Kubo” (1939).

WILFREDO MA. GUERERO (January 22, 1911-April 28, 1995)

 National Artist of the Philippines for Theater in 1997, Ma. Guerero founded the UP Mobile
Theater, serving as its artistic director and pioneering the concept of theater campus tour.
“By bringing theater to the countryside, he made possible for studentsanad audiences in
general to experience the basic grammar of staging and acting in familiar and friendly ways
through his plays that harmoniously reflect the behavior of the Filipino (NCCA).

CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region

MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 24 of 30
THE REGION

SEVERINO MONTANO (Jnauary 3, 1915-December 12, 1980)

 National Artist of the Philippines for Theater in 2001, Montano is a playwright director, acort,
and theater organizer. “He institutionalized legitimate theater in the Philippines and honed
and shared his expertise with his countrymataes.

RONALD ALLAN K. POE, JR. (August 20, 1939-December 12, 2004)

 National Artist of the Philippines for Cinema on May 23, 2006 by Pres. Gloria Macapagal-
Arroyo and proclaimed again as such on July 20, 20112 by Pres. Benigno Aquino III, Poe
(better known as FPG and Da King) was an actor, director (Ronwaldo Reyes), an producer.
Among his famous movies were the mythical “AngPanday: series, “KahitKontingPagtingin,”
“DitosaPitongGatang.” And “Aguila.’

EDDIE S. ROMERO (July 7, 1924-May 28, 2013)

 National Artist if the Philippines for Cinema and Broadcast Arts in 2003, Romero was an
acclaimed and influential Filipino film director, producer, and screenwriter, considered one of
the finest in Cinema of the Philippines.

ROLANDO S. TINIO (March 5, 1937-July 8, 1997)

 National Artist of the Philippines for Theater and Literature in 1997, Tinio is a film actor,
scriptwriter, and director married to theater and film actress Ella Luansing. Born in
Gagalangin, Tondo, maynila, he studied at the University of Santo Tomas and graduated
with honors (magna cum laude).

Activity # 4

General instruction : write the correct answer on space provided

___________1.Colors, are green, orange, and violet

___________2. Colors that are inconspicuous and not striking to the eyes, violet, green, and
blue

___________3. Refers to the overall composition of the artworks

__________4. Is the amount of space occupied by an object on three dimension

__________5.External appearance of clearly defined area.

CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region
MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 25 of 30
THE REGION

___________6. Guinness book record of world recorder

__________7. Natural artist of the Philippines for music in 1988

__________8. Natural artist of the Philippines for music in 1989

__________9. Natural artist of the Philippines for dance in 1976

_________10. Natural artist of the Philippines for dance in 1988

CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region

MAY 07,2020
 GOLDENSTATE COLLEGE Issue No. Rev No. Reference No.
General Santos City 01 00 RF-ACA-SHS12-001-20
CONTEMPORARY
Effectivity Date: Page No.
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
June 15, 2020 26 of 30
THE REGION

References

Jesus Z. Menoy, Ph.D. Contemporary Philippines Arts From The Region

http://www.foxcroftarts.org/functions-in-art--design.html

http://www.nabdb.design.iastate.edu/about/thinkingskills/human_context/social_fun
ction.html

http://thegirlsproductions.com/important-art-design-economy/

http://mvhsibart.weebly.com/functions-of-art.html.

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/start-here-apah/intro-art-
history-apah/a/introduction-to-art-historical-analysis

https://www.slideshare.net/ajolley/functions-of-art-39123554

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_art

http://luckymanpress.com/teach/pages/ArtApp_1011/Physical_Functions.php

https://academic.oup.com/bjaesthetics/article/46/3/315/25847

https://www.jstor.org/stable/40562794?seq=1

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-arthistory/chapter/historical-context/

CORE SUBJECT: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region

MAY 07,2020