4 Principle of Mathematical Induction: Solutions
4 Principle of Mathematical Induction: Solutions
4 Principle of Mathematical Induction: Solutions
Solutions
SECTION - A
1. Let P(n) be a statement and let P(n) P(n + 1) for all natural numbers n, then P(n) is trure
(1) for all n N . (2) for all n > m, m being a fixed positive integer
3. A student was asked to prove a statement P(n) by using the principal of mathematical induction. He proved
that P(n) P(n + 1) for all n N and also that P(4) is true:
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294 Principle of Mathematical Induction Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
5. Let P(n) be a statement such that P(n) P(n + 1) for all n N . Also, if P(k) is true, k N , then we can
conclude that -
(1) P(n) is true for all n (2) P(n) is true for all n k
6. Let P(n) : n2 + n is odd, then P(n) P(n + 1) for all n. and P(1) is not true.
(1) P(n) is true for all n N (2) P(n) is true for all n 2
(3) P(n) is false for all n N (4) P(n) is true for all n 3
(1) P(n) is true for all n (2) P(n) is true for all n 2
9. 9n – 8n – 1 is divisible by 64 is
(3) always true for rational values of n (4) always true for irrational values of n
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Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Principle of Mathematical Induction 295
12. Let P(n) = 10n + 3 is a prime number. P(n) is true nN, such that
1 1 1 1 1
(3) xn – yn is divisible by (x – y) (4) 1 2 2
4 9 16 n n
17. Mathematical induction is a tool or technique which is used to prove a proposition about all
(1) Number (2) Integers (3) Whole number (4) None of these
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296 Principle of Mathematical Induction Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
22. If b and c N and b < c then values of b and c in terms of n N such that the statement
“3.6 + 6.9 + 9.12 + … + 3n.(3n + 3) = 3nbc” is true for all n
(1) b = n, c = n (2) b = n + 1, c = n + 2
(3) b = n, c = n + 1 (4) b = n + 1, c = n + 1
Sol. Answer (2)
23. The proposition among the following that is not true for all n N, is
(1) 2n > n (2) 2n > n2
(3) 1 + 2 + 3 + … + n < (2n + 1)2 (4) (2n + 7) < (n + 3)2
Sol. Answer (2)
7
[a.10 n 1 bn c ] is true n N, then
81
(1) a = 1, b = 9, c = 9 (2) a = 1, b = 9, c = 10
(3) a = 1, b = –9, c = –9 (4) a = 1, b = –9, c = –10
Sol. Answer (2)
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
(1) 1 .... 2 2 (2) 1 ..... n
4 9 n n 2 3 n
1 1 1 13 1 3 5 2n 1 1
(3) .... (4) ........
n 1 n 2 2n 24 2 4 6 2n 3n 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
(1) ..... n 1 (2) ...... 1
2 4 8 2 n 1 n 2 3n 1
2n 4n
(3) n4 > 10n (4) Cn
n 1
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Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Principle of Mathematical Induction 297
1 1 1
27. For all n(> 1) N, by using mathematical induction or otherwise 1 in its lowest form is
2 3 n
28. The sum of the squares of three consecutive odd numbers increased by 1 is divisible by (use mathematical
induction)
SECTION - B
Comprehension-I
If n N and any statement P(n) is such that
(i) It is true for n = 1
(ii) It is true for n = K + 1, assuming that it is true for n = K, then P(n) is true for all n N. Now on the
basis of this concept answer the following questions.
1. 2n n! holds for
(1) All n (2) n > 1 (3) n > 3 (4) n > 4
Sol. Answer (4)
2. 5n – 1, is always divisible by (n N)
(1) 3 (2) 4 (3) 5 (4) 6
Sol. Answer (2)
Comprehension-II
Most of the formulae are verified on the basis of induction method by putting n = 1, 2, .....,
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298 Principle of Mathematical Induction Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
1 1 1 2n 1 1 1 3n
(1) ...... (2) ......
1.2 2.3 n(n 1) n 1 1.2 2.3 n(n 1) n 1
1 1 1 4n 1 1 1 n
(3) ...... (4) ......
1.2 2.3 n(n 1) n 1 1.2 2.3 n(n 1) n 1
SECTION - C
Assertion-Reason Type Questions
n
a (a d ) (a 2d ) .......( a (n 1)d ) [2a (n 1)d ] .
2
and
STATEMENT-2 : Mathematical induction is valid only for natural numbers.
Sol. Answer (1)
⎛ 8 ⎞
cos⎜ ⎟
⎛ ⎞ ⎛ 2 ⎞ ⎛ 4 ⎞ ⎝ 10 ⎠ .
2. STATEMENT-1 : cos⎜ ⎟ cos⎜ ⎟ cos⎜ ⎟
⎝ 10 ⎠ ⎝ 10 ⎠ ⎝ 10 ⎠ 23 sin⎛ ⎞
⎜ ⎟
⎝ 10 ⎠
and
2 n 1 sin( 2 n A)
STATEMENT-2 : cos A. cos 2 A. cos 2 A .......... . cos( 2 A) .
2 n sin A
1 1 1
3. STATEMENT-1 : For every natural number n 2, ........ n
1 2 n
and
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Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Principle of Mathematical Induction 299
4. STATEMENT-1 : 7n – 3n is divisible by 4.
and
STATEMENT-2 : 7n = (4 + 3)n.
⎛ (n 1) ⎞ ⎛ n ⎞
cos⎜ ⎟. sin⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠,
STATEMENT-2 : cos + cos( + ) + ....... cos( + (n – 1)) = 2n.
⎛⎞
sin⎜ ⎟
⎝2⎠
⎛ (n 1) ⎞ ⎛ n ⎞
sin⎜ ⎟. sin⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠,
STATEMENT-2 : sin + sin( + ) + .......+ sin( + (n – 1)) = 2n.
⎛⎞
sin⎜ ⎟
⎝2⎠
Sol. Answer (1)
n 5 n 3 6n
STATEMENT-2 : is a natural number for n N.
5 3 15
Sol. Answer (3)
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300 Principle of Mathematical Induction Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
n(n 1)(2n 1)
11. STATEMENT-1 : 12 + 22 + .......+ n2 = , for all n N.
6
and
n(n 1)
STATEMENT-2 : 1 + 2 + 3 + .......+ n = , for all n N.
2
Sol. Answer (1)
n(n 1)
12. STATEMENT-1 : 1 + 2 + 3 + ......+ n = , for all n N.
2
and
n
STATEMENT-2 : a + (a + d) + (a + 2d) + ....... + (a + (n – 1)d) = [2a + (n – 1)d].
2
Sol. Answer (1)
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