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    GROUP1 SolidStatePhysics RoutineTaskPage54

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    Aris Julianto
    1. This document contains the answers to routine solid state physics tasks involving calculations of average kinetic energy of electrons using different statistics, Fermi energy, electron energy in metals, probability of finding electrons at certain energies, de Broglie wavelength, and thermal conductivity. 2. Calculations are shown for average kinetic energy using Maxwell-Boltzmann and Fermi-Dirac statistics, Fermi energy and electron energy in copper and magnesium, probability of electron location at different temperatures, de Broglie wavelength compared to copper atom spacing, and using Wiedemann-Franz law to find copper's thermal conductivity. 3. The differences between statistics, concepts of Fermi energy, probabilities, wavelengths, and thermal

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    GROUP1 SolidStatePhysics RoutineTaskPage54

    Uploaded by

    Aris Julianto
    33 views7 pages
    1. This document contains the answers to routine solid state physics tasks involving calculations of average kinetic energy of electrons using different statistics, Fermi energy, electron energy in metals, probability of finding electrons at certain energies, de Broglie wavelength, and thermal conductivity. 2. Calculations are shown for average kinetic energy using Maxwell-Boltzmann and Fermi-Dirac statistics, Fermi energy and electron energy in copper and magnesium, probability of electron location at different temperatures, de Broglie wavelength compared to copper atom spacing, and using Wiedemann-Franz law to find copper's thermal conductivity. 3. The differences between statistics, concepts of Fermi energy, probabilities, wavelengths, and thermal

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    1. This document contains the answers to routine solid state physics tasks involving calculations of average kinetic energy of electrons using different statistics, Fermi energy, electron energy in metals, probability of finding electrons at certain energies, de Broglie wavelength, and thermal conductivity. 2. Calculations are shown for average kinetic energy using Maxwell-Boltzmann and Fermi-Dirac statistics, Fermi energy and electron energy in copper and magnesium, probability of electron location at different temperatures, de Broglie wavelength compared to copper atom spacing, and using Wiedemann-Franz law to find copper's thermal conductivity. 3. The differences between statistics, concepts of Fermi energy, probabilities, wavelengths, and thermal

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    33 views7 pages

    GROUP1 SolidStatePhysics RoutineTaskPage54

    Uploaded by

    Aris Julianto
    1. This document contains the answers to routine solid state physics tasks involving calculations of average kinetic energy of electrons using different statistics, Fermi energy, electron energy in metals, probability of finding electrons at certain energies, de Broglie wavelength, and thermal conductivity. 2. Calculations are shown for average kinetic energy using Maxwell-Boltzmann and Fermi-Dirac statistics, Fermi energy and electron energy in copper and magnesium, probability of electron location at different temperatures, de Broglie wavelength compared to copper atom spacing, and using Wiedemann-Franz law to find copper's thermal conductivity. 3. The differences between statistics, concepts of Fermi energy, probabilities, wavelengths, and thermal

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 7

    Routine-Task Page 54

    GROUP 1 :

    Aris Julianto (4172121017)

    Cindi Elvani (4173121005)

    Nurhayati (4173121038)

    Class : Bilingual Physics’17

    Course : Solid State Physics

    Solid State Physics Routine Tasks Page 54

    1. Calculate the average kinetic energy of a free electron in a metal if this electron
    follow Maxwell-Boitzman's statistics. What are the results when compared to
    applying Fermi-Dirac statistics? Why such differences occur?
    Answer :
    Energy kinetic average of free electrons Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics apply to
    localized systems, particles are mutually differentiated and the number of particles
    that can fill an unrestricted state. The average number of particles filling the energy
    level εl meets the general form

    where wl is the degeneration of the 1 st energy level.


    Fermi-Dirac statistics apply to systems consisting of fermions, particles
    indistinguishable and fulfill the principle of Pauli's prohibition. One condition can
    only be filled with a maximum of two particles with opposite spin directions. Average
    number of particles which fills the energy level εl is

    α ¿α
    And why such differences occur because e >>1 , e << 1
    Thus in these conditions the three types of statistics are the same. Remember

    where n is the density of the particle, the condition at above was fulfilled at

    2. Calculate the EFFICIENT Fermi energy and the average electron energy in
    Copper or Magnesium?
    Answer :
    Fermic Energy EFFECTS and average energy of electrons in Copper or Magnesium
    then the metal's Fermi energy is concerned

    Electron movement due to thermal effects (without an electric field) does not conduct
    an electric current. Every point in the Fermi ball, which represents an electron with a
    certain velocity, always has a point in the opposite position, which depicts electrons
    with the same speed but in opposite directions.

    3. A certain metal has a Fermi energy of 3.00 eV. What are the opportunities to
    find electrons with energies between 5.00 eV and 5.10 eV for: (a) T = 295 K and
    (b) T = 2500 K.
    Answer :

    Known:
    Ef =3 , 00 eV = 3,00×1,6×10−19 J =4,8×10−19 J

    u1 =5 , 00 eV = 5,00×1,6×10−19 J =8,0×10−19 J

    u2 =5 ,10 eV = 5,10×1,6×10−19 J = 8,16×10−19 J

    Asked : a. T 1 =295 K. Determine f (E 1 ) = . . . ?

    b. T 2 =2500 K. Determine f (E 2 ) = . . . ?
    Answer :

    1
    f (E 1 )=
    a. [ exp( E−u 1)( k b T 1 ) ]−1
    1
    f (E 1 )=
    [exp (4,8×10−19−8,0×10−19 )(1 , 38×10−23 )(295)]−1

    1
    f (E 1 )= −42
    [exp(−3,2×10 )( 407 ,1 )]−1

    1
    f (E 1 )=
    [exp (−1302 , 72×10−42 )]−1

    1
    f (E 1 )=
    [ exp(−0 , 130272×10−38 )]−1
    1
    f (E 1 )=
    [ exp(−0 , 130272)+exp(10−38 )]−1

    1
    f (E 1 )=
    [exp (−0 ,13027 )+(38 )exp (10−1 )]−1

    1
    f (E 1 )=
    0,8+38−1

    f (E 1 )=0 , 0264

    1
    f (E 2 )=
    b. [ exp( E−u2 )(k b T 2 )]−1
    1
    f (E 1 )= −19 −19
    [exp(4,8×10 −8 , 16×10 )(1 ,38×10−23 )(2500 )]−1

    1
    f (E 1 )=
    [exp (−3 ,36×10−42 )(3450 )]−1

    1
    f (E 1 )=
    [exp (−11592×10−42 )]−1
    1
    f (E 1 )=
    [ exp(−1 ,1592×10−38 )]−1
    1
    f (E 1 )=
    [ exp(−1 ,1592 )+exp(10−38 )]−1

    1
    f (E 1 )=
    [exp (−1 , 1592)+(38)exp(10−1 )]−1

    1
    f (E 1 )=
    0,3+38−1

    f (E 1 )=0 , 0268

    4. An electron is confined in a one-dimensional region of length 1,0x10−10 m.


    a. How much energy must be exerted to excite electrons from the ground state
    to the first excitation level?
    b. What are the chances of finding electrons in the basic circumference in the
    area between x = 0.009 nm to 0.11 nm?
    c. What is the chance of finding electrons at the first excitation level in the
    region between x = 0 nm and x = 0.025 nm?

    Answer :

    ℏ 2 k 2 n2 π 2 ℏ2 n2 h 2
    En = = =
    a. 2m 2 mL 2 8 mL 2

    2 −34 2
    (1 ) (6,6×10 )
    E1 =
    8×9,1×10−31×(1,0×10−10 )2

    43 , 56×10−68
    E1 =
    72 ,8×10−51

    E1 =0,6×10−17 J

    2 L 2 nπx
    P= ∫ 9 L sin ( )dx
    L 100 L
    b.

    1 L 2 πx
    P= ∫ 9 L [1−cos( )dx
    L 100 L
    1 L L 2 πx L
    P=
    [ −
    L 2 2π
    sin( ) |
    L 9L
    100
    ]
    1 1
    P= −( ) [ 0−0 ,53 ]
    2 2π

    P=0,5+0,08
    P=0,58
    25 L
    2 nπx
    P= ∫100 sin2 ( )dx
    b. L 0 L

    25 L
    1 2 πx
    P= ∫100 [1−cos( )dx
    L 0 L

    25 L
    P=
    [
    1 L
    −
    L 2 2π
    L
    sin
    2 πx 100
    ( )
    L 0
    |
    ]
    1 1
    P= −( ) [ 0,5−0 ]
    2 2π

    P=0,5−0,21
    P=0,29

    5. Calculate the de Broglie wavelength of electrons in copper with energy


    E = 7.04 eV, and compare this price with the distance between the copper atoms?
    Answer :

    Known : E=7 ,04 eV


    λ=.. .?
    Asked :
    Answer :

    hc
    E=
    λ

    hc
    λ=
    E
    6 ,62×10−34 J /s×3×108 m/s
    λ=
    11, 264×10−19 J
    −26
    19 ,86×10
    λ= m
    11, 264×10−19

    λ=1,76×10−7 m
    λ=0,176×10−6 m
    λ=0,176 μm

    6. Using the Wiedamann-Frans comparison price, calculate the heat of copper at


    room temperature. The mains is 5.88 × 10-7 Ω-1m-1
    Answer :
    Known : L = 2,44 x 10-8 WΩK -2

    T = 293 K

    σ =¿ 5,88 x 10-7 Ω -1
    m-1

    Asked : K ... ?

    Answer :

    K
    =¿
    σ

    K=LTσ

    = (2,44 x 10-8 WΩK -2 ).( 293 K).( 5,88 x 10-7 Ω -1


    m-1)
    W
    = 4,3 x 10-12
    m2 K

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