Scribd
Upload
70 views

Day-3 (1) .PDF FINAL

The document discusses sociological and anthropological perspectives on the self and society. It describes how sociologists like Cooley developed the concept of the looking glass self, where individuals see themselves through how others see them. Anthropology founder Tylor defined the field as studying what makes humans human, including knowledge, beliefs, and habits acquired as members of society. The self is shaped through socialization agents like family, school, peers and media, and by conforming to societal norms, mores, taboos and laws. The concept of personhood can vary between societies, with some viewing the self as independent and others seeing it as defined by social roles and contexts.

Uploaded by

Yumi kosha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
70 views

Day-3 (1) .PDF FINAL

The document discusses sociological and anthropological perspectives on the self and society. It describes how sociologists like Cooley developed the concept of the looking glass self, where individuals see themselves through how others see them. Anthropology founder Tylor defined the field as studying what makes humans human, including knowledge, beliefs, and habits acquired as members of society. The self is shaped through socialization agents like family, school, peers and media, and by conforming to societal norms, mores, taboos and laws. The concept of personhood can vary between societies, with some viewing the self as independent and others seeing it as defined by social roles and contexts.

Uploaded by

Yumi kosha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 22

SOCIOLOGICAL AND

ANTHROPOLOGICAL
PERSPECTIVE
SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
• Describe the self concept you have of yourself and
the looking glass self others have for you. Are they
different?

• Charles Horton Cooley – coined up the concept of


looking glass self.
AUGUSTE COMTE
▪ Auguste Comte was the first to develop the concept
of "sociology.“ He defined sociology as a positive
science.

▪ Coined up the concept of Theory of Positivism.


▪ Positivism is the search for "invariant laws of
the natural and social world."
SOCIALIZATION AND
PERSONALITY
▪ Socialization is the cultural process of learning to
participate in group life.
▪ Youth is most important time for socialization.
▪ Personal and social development occurs only
through prolonged social contact with others.
SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM
Self Concept
▪ image of yourself as having an identity separate from other
people
Looking Glass Self
1. How do we appear to others (imagined)
2. What is their reaction to our appearance
3. Evaluate ourselves based on this imagined perception
4. Distortions? Significant others?
ROLE TAKING
▪ Imitation Stage – Born until 2 years old
▪ Play Stage – 2 to 6 years old
▪ Game Stage – 7 onwards
Question
Generalized Other-Have you reached this
stage?
- George Herbert Mead
REACTIONS OF THE SELF

▪ “ME”-created through socialization ~“Ego”

▪ “I”-spontaneous impulses~ “Id”


AGENTS OF SOCIALIZATION
1. FAMILY

▪ Learn norms, values, and beliefs


▪ Learn to develop relationships
▪ Acquire self image
▪ Obtain social class
2. SCHOOL
▪ Children are cared for by someone other
than parents.
▪ More impersonal relationships.
▪ Hidden Curriculum-unofficial skills children
are taught in preparation for life.
▪ Extracurricular Activities.
3. PEER GROUP
▪ Independence, freedom to express yourself.
▪ May develop values that conflict with the adult
world.
▪ Relationships with the opposite sex Peer
pressure.
▪ Composed of individuals of roughly the same
age and interests.
▪ Provide sense of belonging.
▪ Not under adult control.
▪ Experience in areas of conflict, competition, and
4. MASS MEDIA
▪ Methods of communication to reach the
general population.
▪ Either helps sustain status quo or moves society
towards change.
▪ Display role models to imitate Teach Values
Show achievement, success, and hard work.
NORMS

▪ Are ways of behaving that are considered normal in a


particular society.
▪ A norm is an official standard or level that organizations are
expected to reach.
▪ Norms can be simply defined as behaviors, thoughts or
values that a majority of people share within the same
society.
1. FOLKWAYS
▪ Sometimes known as “conventions” or “customs,” are
standards of behavior that are socially approved but not
morally significant.

Example : Belching loudly after eating dinner at someone


else's home breaks an American folkway.
2. MORES
▪ Are norms of morality.
▪ Are more strict than folkways, as they determine what is
considered moral and ethical behavior; they structure the
difference between right and wrong.
Example:
▪ It is not considered acceptable or mainstream to abuse
drugs, particularly those such as heroine and cocaine.
▪ It is not considered acceptable to drive at 90 mph in a
residential area.
3. TABOO
▪ Is an activity that is forbidden or sacred based on
religious beliefs or morals.
▪ Breaking a taboo is extremely objectionable in society
as a whole. Around the world, an act may be taboo in
one culture and not in another.
Example:
▪ Abortion - terminating a pregnancy
▪ Circumcision - this is practiced by Jews for religious
reasons
4.LAWS
▪ Are a formal body of rules enacted by the state and
backed by the power of the state.
▪ Virtually all taboos, like child abuse, are enacted
into law, although not all mores are.
Example:
▪ Wearing a bikini to church may be offensive, but it is
not against the law.
ANTHROPOLOGY PERSPECTIVE

Anthropology is the study of what makes us human.


The word is come from the Greek terms:
• Anthropos: “man” or by extension “human”
• Logos: “study” of or “science” of
EDWARD BURNETT TYLOR
E.B. Tylor, anthropology’s founder, gave a definition to start
with:
“That complex whole which includes
▪ Knowledge, beliefs, arts, morals, law, custom
▪ And any other capabilities and habits
▪ Acquired by man [both genders]
▪ As a member of society”
OVERVIEW
Anthropology confronts basic questions of human
existence and survival.
• How we originated.
• How we have changed.
• How we are changing still.
THE IMPORTANCE OF SELF

▪ Society is a collection of social identities


distributed over a landscape.

▪ Individuals strive to arrive at some identity/


destination from which they can relate to other
social identities.
HOW DOES THE CONCEPT OF
PERSONHOOD VARY FROM SOCIETY
TO SOCIETY?
The Egocentric and Sociocentric Self
• In the egocentric view each person is defined as a
replica of all humanity, the locus of motivations and
drives, capable of acting independently from others.

The sociocentric view of the self depends on context.


• The self exists as an entity only within the concrete
situations or roles occupied by the person.
It sounds so simple, but if you just be yourself, you're
different than anyone else.

-Tony Bennett

You might also like