Micropropagation of Aglaonema Using Axillary Shoot Explants
Micropropagation of Aglaonema Using Axillary Shoot Explants
Micropropagation of Aglaonema Using Axillary Shoot Explants
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Abstract-- Micropropagation of Aglaonema var. Cochin was of Aglaonema up to the acclimatizat ion stage. Yeh et al. [6]
performed using axillary shoots as explants. S hoots could be used Aglaonema inflorescences as initial exp lants while
induced on the bulb region on Murashige and Skoog (MS ) axillary shoots were used as explants in this study, in which
medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/l thidiazuron (TDZ). For we also calculated the mu ltip licat ion rate of Aglaonema. To
shoot proliferation, small shoots were multiplied on MS medium our knowledge, there are no reports on the micropropagation
supplemented by 1.5 mg/l TDZ and 3 mg/l benzylamino purine
(BAP), whose addition was important to avoid callus growth. The of Aglaonema using axillary shoot explants.
highest multiplication rate of Aglaonema shoots was achieved at
the 5th subculture. After the 5th subculture (10 weeks) 1000 shoots II. M AT ERIAL AND M ET HODS
could be obtained from two initial axillary shoots. Plantlets Material
rooted and de veloped on MS medium containing 3 mg/l indole-3- A 2-month-old Aglaonema var. „Cochin‟ plant was used.
butyric acid. Acclimatization was performed successfully with
100% survival rate on sphagnum moss followed by transfer to Methods
soil. 1. Hormonal Injection
The Aglaonema plant was injected with 30 µl of 30 mg/l of
Index Term-- Aglaonema, axillary shoot, multiplication rate, benzylamino purine (BAP (Sig ma, St. Louis, MO, USA)) in
plantlet, thidiazuron.
the corm area to induce axillary shoot development. A xillary
shoots were then used as explants.
I. INT RODUCT ION
Ornamental p lants have accompanied the history of human 2. Explant Sterilization
civilizat ion, have always been a symbol of expression of well- Exp lants were washed in running water fo r 1 hr, then soaked
being and used for improving landscape beauty. Various in Antracol fungicide (active co mpound: 70% propineb) for 30
ethnic groups in Asia, Africa and Latin A merica continue min. Thereafter, the exp lants was dried in a Petri d ish atop a
traditions of using ornamental plants to brighten ceremonies layer of sterilized Whatman no 1 filter paper. Inside a laminar
and national day celebrations. As the affluence of a society air flow bench, exp lants were soaked in 70% alcohol for 2
establishes and grows, so too do ornamental plants increase in min. The exp lants was then washed with sterile d istilled water.
popularity. Currently, the most rapidly expanding domestic Subsequently, the explants was sterilized in 50% chloro x
crops are foliage plants for patio or indoor use, bedding and (sodium hypochlorite) + 2 drops of Tween-20 for 10 min for
garden plants. the explants near the root and 20% chloro x + 2 drops of
Aglaonema (Araceae) is one of the most beautiful foliage Tween-20 fo r 10 min for exp lants near the shoot. All explants
plants, as are many members of this monocotyledonous was washed 3 t imes with sterile distilled water. The explants
flowering plant in which flo wers are borne on a type of were then dried in a Petri dish atop a layer of sterilized filter
inflorescence called a spadix. It has a good combination of paper.
leaf color, such as green and red, green and white, pink and
green, red, among others. Several Araceae p lants have been 3. Tissue Culture
tissue cultured, such as Anthurium andraeanum [1-3], Sterilized explants (5 mm in length) were cut at the node and
elephant yam [4] and taro [5]. In this study, we established inoculated in a culture tube containing 20 ml o f solid
and optimized a tissue culture and micropropagation protocol Murashige and Skoog (MS) [7] mediu m (fu ll-strength
1 2
3 4
5 6
Fig. 1. Shoots of Aglaonema ( ) were growing 2 weeks after BAP injection.and. Small protruding shoot ( ) to be used as an explant.Figure 2. Proliferated
shoots on M2 medium containing 1.5 ppm thidiazuron. Figure 3. Shoots proliferated on M3 medium containing 1.5 ppm thidiazuron and 3 ppm BAP after two
weeks of culture. Figure 4. Shoots proliferated on M3 medium containing 1.5 ppm thidiazuron and 3 ppm BAP after four weeks of culture. Fig.5. Plantlet of
Aglaonema 4 weeks of culture on media containing 3 ppm IBA. Fig. 6. Aglaonema plant 2 months after acclimatization.
2. Tissue culture of Aglaonema (Table I). After one week of culture on M1 mediu m, sterile
Aglaonema corms containing small protruding shoots were explants was transferred onto M2 mediu m containing 1.5 mg/ l
used as explants, which were cultured on M1 medium thidiazuron (TDZ; Table 1). On M2 mediu m, shoots grew and
small shoots, which proliferated on the bulb region (Fig. 2),
were subcultured onto proliferation mediu m (M 3) containing subculture (8 weeks) and the beginning of the stationary phase
1.5 mg/ l TDZ and 3 mg/ l BAP (Table 1). These shoots were occurred at the 5th subculture (10 weeks). At the exponential
proliferated on M3 med iu m after 2 and 4 weeks of culture phase, the multip lication rate was very high, up to 17
(Fig. 3 and 4, respectively). shoots/initial shoot explant. After the 5th subculture, 1000
The mu ltiplication rate of Aglaonema (Table 2; Fig. 7), shoots were obtained fro m an init ial two axillary shoots.
followed a sig moid curve: a lag phase from the 1st to 3rd Therefore, 1000 shoots could be obtained in a 10-week period.
subculture (2-6 weeks). The e xponential phase was at the 4th
T ABLE I
MEDIUM COMP OSITION ( ALL MS BASAL MEDIUM) FOR MICROP ROP AGATION OF AGLAONEMA
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medium Plant growth regulator Period of time on each medium (days)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
M1 - 7
M2 1.5 mg/l TDZ 14
M3 1.5 mg/l TDZ + 3 mg/l BAP 14
M4 3 mg/l BAP 28
M5 3 mg/l IBA 28
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A CKNOWLEDGEMENT S
Hibah Kerjasama Luar Negeri and Publikasi Internasional
Dikti great ly facilitated this study and are gratefully
acknowledged.
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