f.

All those from the university whom the

researcher wishes to express gratitude;
g. All those from outside of the university
RESEARCH FORM and STYLE (i.e. SDS, Company Head, Head of
Office, etc);
The thesis/ dissertation/ research shall
follow the latest edition of the American At the end of the acknowledgement, the
Psychological Association (APA) format and style in initials of the researcher should be indicated
specific parts of the study as appended with the (i.e. MFGM)
outline of contents provided hereunder.
4. Dedication
The Bookman Old-Style, font size 12 shall Freestyle and personal
be used in the manuscript. 5. Table of contents
The table of contents of the Proposal
Thesis/ Dissertation/ Research Proposal contains the list of the parts of the
dissertation/ thesis/ research proposal with
The thesis/ dissertation/ research proposal
their corresponding page numbers
shall contain the following parts:
(Appendix C)
INTRODUCTION/ PRELIMINARIES 6. List of Figures and List of Tables
This section contains the Figure(s)/ Table(s)
1. Title Page that are used in the study must be indicated
This page contains the title of the study, here including the figure of the paradigm.
name of the school, degree, name of the The labeling of Tables and figures should
student, and month and year of completion. be in prescribed format as presented in the
The title should be brief (10-12 words) appendices (Appendix D).
excluding articles, clear, catchy and
specific. It should reflect the main objective PARTS OF THE THESIS/ DISSERTATION/
or purpose of the study. The title of the RESEARCH PROPOSAL
study should be typed in an inverted
Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM
pyramid (Appendix A).
2. Approval Sheet Background of the Study
This page contains the title of the study, the
recommendation of the adviser for approval This portion gives a situationer of the study
and acceptance for oral examination, from the macro to the micro level. It should clearly
approval and acceptance to undertake the identify and define the issues that the study is
study, and the names and signatures of the attempting to address.
members of the panel of examiners, It depicts the problem in terms of global,
including the professor of research/ thesis/ national, regional and local events or situations that
dissertation proposal (Appendix B). indicate that the problem do exist and it requires
3. Acknowledgement critical investigation.
This part contains the researcher’s
appreciation/ gratitude to the person who This part also addresses each problem
became part of the research undertaking. It using the different literatures reviewed thematically
should observe the given sequence, written organized according to the logical construction of
in paragraph form and using the third the problem.
person prounoun:
Clinch each portion by shoeing how literary
a. The Creator/ God Almighty;
citations are related to the problem being
b. Madam Margarita Cecilda Bulaquena
investigated.
–Rillera, MBA, President of the Baguio
Central University; At the end of this portion, identify the
c. Dean of the Graduate School; beneficiaries or stakeholders who will be benefited
d. Adviser; by the findings of the study and a description of the
e. Panel of Examiners;
corresponding that each of the beneficiaries or a.1 State a hypothesis (if applicable) for each
stakeholders would derive from the study. problem. State it clearly to show the expected
relationships or differences between variables.
Theoretical/ Philosophical/ Conceptual a.2 A hypothesis is merely a proposition that is
Framework presented or put forward by a researcher to explain
a natural phenomenon.
(for those in PhD, cite relevant philosophies from a.3 A hypothesis may not be applicable depending
which the study was anchored on; to include on the nature of the research.
philosophical thoughts) b. Assumption/s – this is any statement that is
believed to be true in each of the specific problems
This section of the chapter provides the
identified. A benchmark based on the data
theoretical/ philosophical/ conceptual foundation of
categorization is used.
the study. Identify and describe the theories/
philosophies that account for the problem under
investigation. Chapter 2 RESEARCH DESIGN AND
METHODOLOGY
This part also presents the glossary/ definition of
terms/ concepts that must be understood by the Research Design
reader. It contains the logical presentation of broad This section of this chapter will:
concepts or principles from which specific concepts a. Identify the design of the study and the method/s
of the study are formed. A concept or principle that used and justify why this is the most appropriate
supports the reason for conducting the study. All method for the research. The design is an overall
framework for collecting data.
important terms must be defined, relevance must
b. The function of the research design is to ensure
be cited and corroborated in paragraph form.
that the data and information gathered, evaluated
Research Paradigm and interpreted enables the researcher to
effectively address the research problems logically
From the theoretical/ philosophical/ conceptual and as unambiguously as possible.
framework, identify and describe the variables in
the study and depict how these variables will be Locale and Population of the Study
used or interrelate in the form of a paradigm. The This section should:
paradigm of the study must be in accordance with a. Identify where the study will be conducted
the study being undertaken. (location)
b. Identify the respondents of the study and their
i.e. Input→Process→Output number
Independent Variables→Dependent Variables c. Identify the sampling method to be used
↑ d. Describe the sampling procedure to be used
Moderator/ Intervening Variable e. Include the scope and delimitation of the study
where the researcher describes the nature and
Statement of the Problem coverage of the study.
The introductory sentence states the general
problem that would be the subject of the research Data Gathering Instrument(s)
undertaking in one paragraph. State the main This section of this chapter will:
problem in declarative form. In writing the general a. Describe the instrument(s) used to collect
problem, you may use the major elements of the information needed in the study and how the
title of the study, locale and population, variables, instrument(s) was /were constructed
period covered, and the setting of the study. b. Describe the parts of the instrument(s) and the
legends used (if any)
Hypotheses/ Assumptions
State the research hypothesis for each problem Reliability and Validity of the Research
or the assumptions that serve as the basis for Instrument
critical investigation based on the statement of the Discuss how the reliability and validity of the
problem and following the chronological order as instrument was determined.
presented. Reliability refers to the consistency of the
a.Hypothesis (es) instrument. It answers whether the instrument
consistently measure what it is intended to
measure. Reliability testing should be conducted
outside of the area of proposed respondents.
Reliability should be pre-set. There are four general Ethical Considerations
reliability tests: This is one of the most important parts of
a. Inter-Rater/ Observer Reliability: the research. The researcher needs to address
degree which different raters/ observers are the ethical considerations aspect of the
consistent in their answers, judgements or research. He/ She must take into account
estimates. the following:
b. Test- Retest Reliability: the consistency of a a.Voluntary participation of the
measure evaluated over time respondents- participants have the right to
c. Parallel- Forms Reliability: is a measure of withdraw from the study if they want to.
reliability obtained by administering different b.Informed Consent- the researcher must
versions of an assessment tool (both provide sufficient information about the
versions must contain items that probe the purpose of the research and the importance
same construct, skill, knowledge base, etc.) of the participation of the respondents in the
to the same group of individuals. success of the study. Full consent should be
d. Internal Consistency Reliability: defines obtained from the participants prior to the
the consistency of the results delivered in a conduct of the study without the exercise of
test, ensuring that the various items any pressure.
measuring the different constructs deliver c.Privacy or anonymity of Respondents-
consistent scores. (Split- half Reliability the protection of the privacy of the
Test, Kuder-Richardson Reliability Test, participants should be ensured.
Cronbach Alpha) d.The use of offensive, discriminatory, or
However, for standardized instruments used other unacceptable language should be
“in toto”, conduct of reliability and validity avoided in the formulation of the
testing is no longer required, but observe questionnaire, interview guide, focus group
proper citation of source/s. questions.
e.Acknowledge References- the works of
Validity describes the extent to which the other authors used in any part of the
instrument measures the concept it is research must be acknowledged with the
supposed to measure. For the validity of the use of the APA referencing system.
instrument, it must be subjected for f.Objectivity - the highest level of objectivity
evaluation by at least three experts in the should always be observed in the
field. Accepted level of validity must be discussion and analyses throughout the
three to five. If students fail to submit research
evaluation form, no permit to float
questionnaire will be issued. REFERENCES
1.List of all references cited in the text or
Data Gathering Procedure(s) used in the study should be alphabetically
This portion of the chapter should arranged and double spaced. The
comprehensively discuss or describe the suggested format in citing references is the
process how the data will be gathered. i.e. American Psychological Association (APA)
survey, interview Style 6th Edition. Cited references must be
the latest edition, except when no other
Treatment of the Data references are available, i.e.
a.This portion identifies the appropriate theories/philosophies/literature/executive
method of quantification and measurement orders/speeches, etc. that are still
relative to each problem. applicable to the present.
b.Describes the statistical procedure(s)
used to treat the data, test the a. How to cite a book in APA format:
hypothesis(es) or answer the objective(s) of Author, A. (Year of Publication). Title of
the study. The institution allows the use of work. Location: Publisher
software for the treatment of data. N.B: When citing a book in APA, keep in
c.Data categorization, benchmarks are mind the following:
identified. -Capitalize the first letter of the first word of
the title and any subtitles, as well as the first
letter of any proper nouns.
-The full title of the book, including any CMO No.104,s.2017 Revised Guidelines for
subtitles, should be stated and italicized. Student Internship Program in the
Philippines (SIPP) for All Programs
b.Citing an e-book from an e-reader Republic Act 7722 An Act Creating the
E-book is short for “electronic book.” It is Commission on Higher Education (CHED)
a digital version of a book that can be read Republic Act. No. 9155 An Act Instituting a
on a computer, e-reader (Kindle,Nook,etc.) Frame of Governance for the Basic
or other electronic device. Education, Establishing Authority and
Author,A. (Year of Publication).Title of work Accountability, Renaming the Department of
(E-reader version).Retrieved from Education, Culture and Sports as the
http://xxxx or DOI:xxx Department of Education, and for Other
Purposes
c. Citing a book found in a database
Author,A.(Year of Publication). Title of work. APPENDICES (contains among
Retrieved from http://xxxx or DOI:xxx others)
A Data Gathering Instrument
d.Journal article with DOI B Time Table Using the Gantt Chart
Herbst-Damm, K.L. & Kulik, C Other Documents Relevant to the
J.A.(2005).Volunteer support, marital status, Study
and the survival times of terminally ill
patients. Health Psychology,24,225- THESIS/DISSERTATION/RESEARCH
229.Doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225 The sequence and content of the
THESIS/DISSERTATION/RESEARCH are
e.Journal article with DOI, more than seven the following:
authors
Gilbertm D.G., McClernon, J.F., INTRODUCTION/ PRELIMINARIES
Rabinovich,N.E., Sugai, C.Plath, L.C. 1 Title Page
Asgaard,G., …Bortos,N.(2004). Effects of This page contains the title of the study,
quitting smoking on EEG activation and name of the school, degree requirement,
attention last for more than 31 days and are name of the student, and month and year of
more severe with stress,dependence, DRD2 completion, The title should be brief (10-12
A1 allele, and depressive traits. Nicotine words), clear, catchy and specific. It should
and Tobacco Research,6,249- reflect the main objective or purpose of the
267.doi:10.1080/1462220041 study. The title of the study should be types
in an inverted pyramid.
f.Newspaper Article
Schwartz,J. (1993,September 30). Obesity 2 Approval Sheet
affects economic,social status. The This page contains the title of the study,
Washington Post, pp.A1,A4. the recommendation of the adviser for
N.B.:When citing an on-line book or e-book approval and acceptance for oral
in APA, keep in mind: examination, the names and signatures of
A DOI (digital object identifier)is an the members of the panel of examiners
assigned number that helps link content to including adviser, and the researcher’s
its location on the Internet. It is therefore comprehensive grade and date taken.
important, if one is provided, to use it when
creating citation. All DOI numbers begin 3 Abstract
with a 10 and are separated by a slash. This page contains an overview of the
research report, main objective of the study,
g.Official Legislations and Other Readings locale and population, method used, salient
DO No.11,s.2018 Guidelines on the findings, and the conclusions derived from
Preparation and Checking of School Forms the study. The specific problems of the
DO No.30, s.2018 Preventive Drug study must not be stated in the abstract. It
Education Program Policy for Curriculum must be composed of 150 to 250 words.
and Instruction Keywords are also found after the abstract.
Keywords are salient words repeatedly used
in the study which are not found in the title the text, regardless of whether a more
which should consist of at least six words. detailed discussion of the table of figure
It should be confined within a single occurs later in the paper.
paragraph. Unlike in other paragraphs in the -Do not use suffix letters to number tables
paper, the first line of the abstract should and figures (ex.1a, 1b, 1c); that is label
not be indented and should be double them as Table 1, Table 2, and Tbale 3,
spaced. Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3.
The list of keywords should follow after
the abstract paragraph, and the word B. Parts of the
Keywords should be italicized, indented five Thesis/Dissertation/Research
spaces from the left margin, and followed by
a colon. There is no period at the end of the Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM
list of keywords This chapter contains the following –
refer to the descriptions in the proposal
4 Acknowledgement Background of the Study
This section contains the researcher’s Theoretical/Philosophical/Conceptual
appreciation/ gratitude to the persons who Framework
in one way or another became a part of the Paradigm of the Study
success of the research.It should follow this Statement of the Problem
sequence to be written in paragraph form Hypotheses/Assumptions
using the third person pronoun:
-It should follow this sequence: Chapter 2 RESEARCH DESIGN AND
a.The Creator/God Almighty METHODOLOGY
b.Madam Margarita Cecilda Bulaquena This chapter contains the following- refer
Rillera, MBA, President of the Baguio to the descriptions in the proposal:
Central University Research Design
c.Dean of the Graduate School/College Locale and Population of the Study
e.Adviser Data Gathering Instrument
f.Panel of Examiners Reliability and Validity of the Instrument
g.All those from the university the Data Gathering Procedure
researcher wishes to thank Treatment of Data
h.All those from the outside of the university Ethical Considerations

5 Dedication- freestyle and personal Chapter 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter presents the findings of the
6 Table of Contents study in e thematic and logical manner
It contains the list of the parts of the following the chronology in the statement of
dissertation/thesis/research proposal with the problem. The findings of the study may
their corresponding page numbers be presented in tabular forms, graphs, or
diagrams. Explain extensively the meaning
7 List of Tables of the data presented in the tables or
It contains the list of all tables presented graphs. Draw the reader’s attention to the
in the study starting from number 1 up to the key points of the table/figure but do not
last table, the corresponding title or heading repeat the details. Emphasize or highlight
and the page number. the significant results of the study.
Relate/corroborate the findings with
8 Figure/s (List of Figures) previous studies or literatures reviewed and
Figures may have been used in the to the theoretical or conceptual framework
Theoretical/Philosophical/Conceptual of the study and discuss its implications. In
Framework of the Study must be indicated the discussion, follow the discussion,
here including the figure of the paradigm corroboration and implication (DCI) format.
At the end of the chapter, discuss the
General guidelines on Tables and answer to the general/main problem.
Figures
-Number all tables and figures with Arabic Chapter 4 CONCLUSIONS AND
numerals in the order they are mentioned in RECOMMENDATIONS
 Conclusions are formulated based on the First Citation: (American Psychological
findings of the study. The conclusion is Association [APA], 2015)
intended to help the reader understand why Subsequent citation: (APA, 2015)
the research should matter to them after
they have finished reading the paper. A Multiple works: (separate each work with
conclusion is not merely a summary of the semi-colons)
main topics covered or a re-statement of the Research shows that listening to a
research problem, but a synthesis of key particular accent improves comprehension
points. Further, avoid repetition of the of accented sppech in general(Lopez &
findings of the study. The conclusion should Donaal,2018; Trajano,2014).
be parallel to the specific problems.
Direct quote: (include page number)
Recommendations- Based the One study found that “the listener’s
recommendations on the conclusions of the familiarity with the topic of discourse greatly
study. Recommendations should be facilitates the interpretation of the entire
specific, practical, doable, and parallel to message” (Mejia, Dela Pena, & Bisquera,
the conclusions mentioned which the 2014, p.85)
researcher himself/herself can implement.
There could be additional recommendations Mejia & Dela Pena (2018) found that “the
for further study that is not covered by the listener’s familiarity with the topic of
study. discourse greatly facilitates the
interpretation of the entire message” (p.85)
REFERENCES
1.List of all references cited in the text or Note: For direct quotations of more than 40
used in the study should be alphabetically words, display the quote as an indented
arranged. The suggested format in citing block of text without quotation marks and
references is the American Psychological include the authors’ names, year, and page
Association (APA) Style 6th Edition. Cited number in parenthesis at the end of the
references must be the latest edition, except quote. When the sentence begins with a
when no other references are available. numeral, the numeral must be written in
words. When numerals are within the
APA CITATION GUIDE paragraph, numeral must be written in
General Guidelines words. When numerals are within the
In-text references should immediately paragraph, numerals from one to ten must
follow: be in words, for numerals above ten, they
The title, word, or phrase to which they are must be written in numerals. For example:
directly relevant, rather than appearing at This suggests that familiarity with
the end of long clauses or sentences. In-text nonnative speech in general as topic
references should always precede familiarity, may indeed have some effect.
punctuation marks. Below are examples of That is, prior experience with nonnative
using in-text citation: speech, such as that gained by listening to
the reading, facilities comprehension.
Author’s name in parentheses: (Bisquera & Trajano, 2016, p.77)
One study found that the most important Forty respondents suggest that….
element in comprehending non-native The researcher involved 40
speech is familiarity with the topic (Lopez & respondents, however, only nine
Donaal, 2018). participated

Author’s name part of narrative:

Lopez and Donaal (2018) found that the
most important element in comprehending
non-native speech is familiarity with the
topic.

Group as Author:
 APPENDICES (contains among
others)
A. Letter from Dean
B. Indorsement Letter from the SDS/ Head
of Office/ Agency
C. Letter of the Respondents
D. Questionnaire/ Structured Interview
Questionnaire
E. Computation for Reliability
F. Sample Computation for T-Test/
ANOVA
G. Output of the Study

Curriculum Vitae (see Appendix G)

Procedures and guidelines governing

oral defense of thesis/ Dissertation
Proposal
The thesis/ dissertation is the final
output of the graduate school student
enrolled in Thesis/ Dissertation Writing.

BCU Research Manual