Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 487 views

    Work, Power and Energy

    Uploaded by

    MannyCes
    This document contains worked examples of physics problems involving work, power, kinetic energy, and potential energy. In one example, the work done by a tractor pushing a rock with a force of 5000 N over a distance of 40 m is calculated to be 200,000 J. Another example calculates that a 2.5 kW electric motor performing work of 7.5 x 104 J would take 30 seconds. A third example finds that a 50 kg boy running up stairs 3 m high in 2.5 seconds would exert a power of 588 Watts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Work, Power and Energy

    Uploaded by

    MannyCes
    487 views8 pages
    This document contains worked examples of physics problems involving work, power, kinetic energy, and potential energy. In one example, the work done by a tractor pushing a rock with a force of 5000 N over a distance of 40 m is calculated to be 200,000 J. Another example calculates that a 2.5 kW electric motor performing work of 7.5 x 104 J would take 30 seconds. A third example finds that a 50 kg boy running up stairs 3 m high in 2.5 seconds would exert a power of 588 Watts.

    Original Title

    WORK, POWER AND ENERGY

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document contains worked examples of physics problems involving work, power, kinetic energy, and potential energy. In one example, the work done by a tractor pushing a rock with a force of 5000 N over a distance of 40 m is calculated to be 200,000 J. Another example calculates that a 2.5 kW electric motor performing work of 7.5 x 104 J would take 30 seconds. A third example finds that a 50 kg boy running up stairs 3 m high in 2.5 seconds would exert a power of 588 Watts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    487 views8 pages

    Work, Power and Energy

    Uploaded by

    MannyCes
    This document contains worked examples of physics problems involving work, power, kinetic energy, and potential energy. In one example, the work done by a tractor pushing a rock with a force of 5000 N over a distance of 40 m is calculated to be 200,000 J. Another example calculates that a 2.5 kW electric motor performing work of 7.5 x 104 J would take 30 seconds. A third example finds that a 50 kg boy running up stairs 3 m high in 2.5 seconds would exert a power of 588 Watts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 8

    Ben Lennard A.

    Ces
    12 - Vector

    LET’S APPRAISE
    Page 109

    2. How much work is done on the block if a 2.0 kg block was accelerated at 5.0 m/s 2 with a
    distance of 0.50 m across a frictionless table?
    𝑊 = 𝐹∆𝑑

    Since:
    𝐹 = 𝑚𝑎
    𝐹 = (2.0 𝑘𝑔)(5.0 m/𝑠 2 )
    𝐹 = 10.0 𝑁

    Hence:
    𝑊 = 𝐹∆𝑑
    𝑊 = (10.0 𝑁)(0.50 𝑚)
    𝑊 = 5.00 𝐽

    3. How much work is done by the tractor if a large rock is pushed with a force of 5000 N at
    2.0 m/s for 20 seconds?

    Since:
    𝑑
    𝑣=
    𝑡
    𝑑 = 𝑣𝑡
    𝑑 = (2.0 𝑚/𝑠)(20 𝑠)
    𝑑 = 40 𝑚

    Hence:
    𝑊 = 𝐹∆𝑑
    𝑊 = (5000 𝑁)(40 𝑚)
    𝑊 = 200,000 𝐽
    Ben Lennard A. Ces
    12 - Vector
    LET’S APPRAISE
    Page 110

    2. Calculate the time needed for a 2.5 kilowatt electric motor that performs 7.5 × 10 4
    Joules of applies work.
    𝑊
    𝑃=
    ∆𝑡

    𝑊
    ∆𝑡 =
    𝑃

    7.5 × 104 𝐽𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑒𝑠


    ∆𝑡 =
    2500 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑠

    ∆𝑡 = 30.0 𝑠

    3. Solve the work done by a 500 W electric mixer in 2.5 minutes.


    𝑊
    𝑃=
    ∆𝑡

    𝑊 = 𝑃∆𝑡
    𝑊 = (500 𝑊)(150 𝑠)
    𝑊 = 75,000 𝐽𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑒𝑠

    4. Calculate the power made by a 50-kg boy running up the stairs with a height of 3.00 m
    in 2.50s.
    𝐹𝑏𝑜𝑦 = 𝑚𝑔
    𝐹𝑏𝑜𝑦 = (50 𝑘𝑔)(9.8 𝑚/𝑠 2 )
    𝐹𝑏𝑜𝑦 = 490 𝑁

    𝑊 = 𝐹∆𝑑
    𝑊 = (490 𝑁)(3.00 𝑚)
    𝑊 = 1470 𝐽

    𝑊
    𝑃=
    ∆𝑡

    1470 𝐽
    𝑃=
    2.50 𝐽

    𝑃 = 588 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑠
    Ben Lennard A. Ces
    12 - Vector

    LET’S APPRAISE
    Page 111

    1. How much work is done in kilowatt-hours by a 6,000 W electric generator operating at


    8.0 hours a day for a year?

    𝑊 = 𝑃∆𝑡

    𝑊 = (6 𝑘𝑊)(365 × 8.0 ℎ)

    𝑊 = (6 𝑘𝑊)(2920 ℎ)

    𝑊 = 17,520 𝑘𝑊ℎ

    2. How many hours will it take for a 500 W electric drill to work for 100 kWh?

    𝑊 = 𝑃∆𝑡

    𝑊
    ∆𝑡 =
    𝑃

    100 𝑘𝑊ℎ
    ∆𝑡 =
    0.5 𝑘𝑊ℎ

    ∆𝑡 = 200 ℎ

    3. How much power can a machine do with 600 kWh of work in 12 hours?

    𝑊
    𝑃=
    ∆𝑡

    600 𝑘𝑊ℎ
    𝑃=
    12 ℎ

    𝑃 = 50 𝑘𝑊
    Ben Lennard A. Ces
    12 - Vector

    LET’S APPRAISE
    Page 116

    1. How much potential energy does a car gain if a crane lifts the car, with a mass of 1,500
    kg, 20 m straight up?

    ∆𝐸𝑔 = 𝑚𝑔∆ℎ

    ∆𝐸𝑔 = (1500 𝑘𝑔)(9.8 𝑁/𝑘𝑔)(20 𝑚)

    ∆𝐸𝑔 = 294,000 𝐽

    2. A basketball of mass 0.0400 kg is dropped from a height of 5.00 m to the ground and
    bounces back to a height of 3.00 m.

    a. On its way down, how much potential energy does the ball lose?

    ∆𝐸𝑔 = 𝑚𝑔∆ℎ

    ∆𝐸𝑔 = (0.0400 𝑘𝑔)(9.8 𝑁/𝑘𝑔)(−5.00 𝑚)

    ∆𝐸𝑔 = −1.96 𝐽

    b. On its way back, how much potential energy does the ball regain?

    ∆𝐸𝑔 = 𝑚𝑔∆ℎ

    ∆𝐸𝑔 = (0.0400 𝑘𝑔)(9.8 𝑁/𝑘𝑔)(3.00 𝑚)

    ∆𝐸𝑔 = 1.18 𝐽
    Ben Lennard A. Ces
    12 - Vector

    LET’S APPRAISE
    Page 119

    3. Determine the mass of a moving object with a velocity of 20 m/s and a KE of 4,000 J.

    1
    𝐸𝑘 = 𝑚𝑣 2
    2

    1
    4000 𝐽 = 𝑚(20 𝑚/𝑠)2
    2

    1
    4000 𝐽 = 𝑚(400 𝑚2 /𝑠 2 )
    2

    4000 𝐽 = 𝑚(200 𝑚2 /𝑠 2 )

    4000 𝐽 𝑚(200 𝑚2 /𝑠 2 )
    =
    200 𝑚2 /𝑠 2 200 𝑚2 /𝑠 2

    𝑚 = 20 𝑘𝑔

    4. Determine the velocity of a falling rock with mass 1.5 kg and a KE of 48 J.

    1
    𝐸𝑘 = 𝑚𝑣 2
    2

    1
    48 𝐽 = (1.5 𝑘𝑔)𝑣 2
    2

    48 𝐽 = (0.75 𝑘𝑔)𝑣 2

    48 𝐽 (0.75 𝑘𝑔)𝑣 2
    =
    0.75 𝑘𝑔 0.75 𝑘𝑔

    𝑣 2 = 64 𝑚2 /𝑠 2

    √𝑣 2 = √64 𝑚2 /𝑠 2

    𝑣 = 8 𝑚/𝑠
    Ben Lennard A. Ces
    12 - Vector
    5. A baseball with mass 0.50 kg was pitch into the air at a height of 20 m above the ground
    with a velocity of 15 m/s. Determine the following.
    a. The baseball’s kinetic energy
    1
    𝐸𝑘 = (0.50 𝑘𝑔)(15𝑚/𝑠)2
    2

    1
    𝐸𝑘 = (0.50 𝑘𝑔)(225 𝑚2 /𝑠 2 )
    2

    𝐸𝑘 = 56.25 𝐽

    b. The gravitational potential of the baseball relative to the ground


    ∆𝐸𝑔 = 𝑚𝑔ℎ
    ∆𝐸𝑔 = (0.50 𝑘𝑔)(9.8 𝑁/𝑘𝑔)(20 𝑚)
    ∆𝐸𝑔 = 98.00 𝐽 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑔𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑

    c. The work done by the baseball player at the ground level when he pitched the
    baseball up into the air.
    𝑊 = (𝑚𝑎)∆𝑑
    𝑊 = (0.50 𝑘𝑔)(9.8 𝑚/𝑠 2 )(20 𝑚)
    𝑊 = 98.00 𝐽

    d. The velocity of the ball when it left the ground.


    𝑣1 = 0 𝑚/𝑠
    Ben Lennard A. Ces
    12 - Vector
    LET’S APPRAISE
    Page 122

    1. A boy with a mass 40 kg is running with a velocity of 8.0 m/s takes a rope and moves
    over a level ground. Determine the following:
    a. The maximum height the boy reached
    𝐸𝑔 = 𝑚𝑔ℎ
    1
    𝐸𝑘 = 𝑚𝑣 2
    2

    if:
    𝐸𝑔 = 𝐸𝑘

    then:
    1
    𝑚𝑔ℎ = 𝑚𝑣 2
    2

    1
    (40 𝑘𝑔)(9.8𝑚/𝑠 2 )(ℎ) = (40 𝑘𝑔)(8.0 𝑚/𝑠)2
    2

    392.0 𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝑚/𝑠 2 (ℎ) = (20 𝑘𝑔)(64.0 𝑚2 /𝑠 2 )

    392.0 𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝑚/𝑠 2 (ℎ) 1280 𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝑚2 /𝑠 2


    =
    392.0 𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝑚/𝑠 2 392.0 𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝑚/𝑠 2

    ℎ = 3.26 𝑚

    b. The velocity of a 30 kg boy if he has to run to reach the same height


    1
    𝑚𝑔ℎ = 𝑚𝑣 2
    2

    1
    (30 𝑘𝑔)(9.8𝑚/𝑠 2 )(3.26 𝑚) = (30 𝑘𝑔)𝑣 2
    2

    958.44 𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝑚2 /𝑠 2 = (15 𝑘𝑔)𝑣 2

    958.44 𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝑚2 /𝑠 2 (15 𝑘𝑔)𝑣 2


    =
    15 𝑘𝑔 15 𝑘𝑔

    64 𝑚2 /𝑠 2 = 𝑣 2

    √64 𝑚2 /𝑠 2 = √𝑣 2

    𝑣 = 8.0 𝑚/𝑠
    Ben Lennard A. Ces
    12 - Vector

    2. An amusement park has a slide of 6.0 m high for which a boy with mass 30 kg is given a
    sackcloth to sit on. Determine the boy’s velocity when it reaches the bottom of the
    slide.
    𝑊 = (𝑚𝑎)∆𝑑
    𝑊 = (30 𝑘𝑔)(9.8 𝑚/𝑠 2 )(6.0 𝑚)
    𝑊 = 1764 𝐽

    𝐸𝑘 = 𝑊
    𝐸𝑘 = 1764 𝐽

    1
    𝐸𝑘 = 𝑚𝑣 2
    2

    1
    1764 𝐽 = (30 𝑘𝑔)𝑣 2
    2

    1764 𝐽 = (15 𝑘𝑔)𝑣 2

    1764 𝐽 (15 𝑘𝑔)𝑣 2


    =
    15 𝑘𝑔 15 𝑘𝑔

    𝑣 2 = 117.6 𝑚2 /𝑠 2

    √𝑣 2 = √117.6 𝑚2 /𝑠 2

    𝑣 = 10.84 𝑚/𝑠

    You might also like