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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
TIADDEUS CAHILL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.
ART OF AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING AND DSTRIBUT NG MUSIC ELECTRICALLY,
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Fatient No. 580,035, dated April 6, 1897.
Application fled February 4, 1896, Serial No. 578,046, (No model.)
To all tuft. On it in City coice.77: the Subject-matter of the Original application,
Be it known that I, THIAD DEUS CAHILL, filed August 10, 1895, as is disclosed in the
citizen of the United States, and a resident present case, and I have removed the claims 55
of the city, county, and State of New York, for such subject-matter f1'om the former case
(residing temporarily at Washington, in the in order to prosecute them in this, and to
District of Columbia,) have invented a new prosecute in the original application, Serial
and useful Art of and Apparatus for Generat No. 558,939, only that subject-matter which
ing and Distributing Music Electrically, of belongs peculiarly to it, and which is not illus ??
which the following is a specification. trated or described in this. In other words,
IO In a former application of mine, filed Atl the line of division which I draw between
gust 10, 1895, Serial No. 55S,939, an art of this case and the Oiriginal application, Serial
and apparatus for generating and distribut No. 55S,939, filed August, 10, 1895, is to cover
ing music electrically is described. The art in this case everything illustrated and de
described in this application is the same art scribed in it, asseiting herein all claims for
(5 described in the application of August 10, subject-matter disclosed alike in the original
1895, before mentioned, or, more correctly, application and in this application, and claim
the art described in the present case is a ing in the original application only that sub
part of the art described in the former case, ject-matter which is peculiar to it, being dis
for some processes are described in the for closed in it alone.
mer case which are not described in this case. The apparatus which I have figured in the
So, also, the apparatus described in this ap accompanying drawings in illustration of my
plication is in its most essential and funda invention is, as above mentioned, in the
lmental features and combinations the same nature of an electrical pianoforte, but the
as the apparatus of the former case; but the essential processes and combinations of my
25 apparatus of this application differs from the invention, set forth in the Statement of claim
apparatus of the former application in being at the end hereof, are equally applicable to
assimilated to a pianoforte, whereas the appa electrical music-generating instruments, not
atus of the former case is assimilated to an being electrical pianofortes. They may be So
organ. In each case, indeed, the apparatus used, to mention one example only out of
is wholly electrical and bears little, if any, several, in an electrical music-generating
real likeness, either in structure or mode of apparatus assimilated to an organ. An ap
Operation, to the instruments now known in paratus of this Solt, employing, as before said,
the musical art as “pianofortes’ and “or the same essential processes and combina
gans; but in the sorts of music which they tions described and claimed in this applica
3 5 are adapted to produce the apparatus of the tion, is fully described in the prior applica
present case and the apparatus of the case of tion above mentioned, Serial No. 55S,939, filed
August 10, 1895, before mentioned, may be August 10, 1895.
properly said to resemble, respectively, a The grand objects of my invention are to 90
pianoforte and an organ. The apparatus generate music electrically with tones of good
illustrated in the case of August 10, 1895, be. quality and great power and with perfect
ing assimilated to an Organ, is much more musical expression, and to distribute music
elaborate than the apparatus which I describe electrically generated by what we may term
in this case. The former case is indeed quite “original electrical generation’ from a central 95
complicated. It shows most of the substance station to translating instruments located at
45 of this case and also much that, being pecul different points and all receiving their music
iar to an organ, is not illustrated in this case. from the same central point; and my inven
The two cases, it will be seen, with regard to tion consists in the parts, improvements,
what is shown and described in each, to a combinations, and methods hereinafter de . ? ?
great eXtent Overlap, and it becomes neces scribed and claimed.
sary to make a clear line of division between More particularly the objects of my inven
them. It is my intention to continue in this tion are (C) to generate by a practical and
present application my claims to so much of simple apparatus different series of rhythmic
2 580,035
electrical vibrations, answering to the di??er trical music, arc then translated into audible
ent notes of music with great power; (l) to aerial vibrations, or music, in the common
produce pure electrical elemental tones, or sense of the Word. The tones which thus 7 ?
at all events elemental tones free from hal'sh produce are of excellent quality; they are pel'-.
ness; (c) to produce the notes and chords of fectly sustained; their power is completely
a musical composition With any timbre de controlled by the touch upon the keys, so that
sired out of their electrical elements; (d) to the performer has ample facility for expres
afford facility to the performer to govern the sion, and-most important of all-the music
expression perfectly, and (e) to distribute is produced not only by an instrument, or in
music, produced as before mentioned, firom struments at the place where the perforner
one central station to many translating in is, bit also by other instruments at other
struments located in different places, so that places suitably connected with the central So
many persons, each in his own place, can Vibration - generating device, which consti
enjoy the music produced by a distant per tutes the electrical pianofo’to prope’.
follmer'. generate, as before said, electrical tones
Music as ordinarily generated exists first corresponding to the various notes of music.
in the vibrations of tuned sounding-lodies. By “electrical tones’ mean electrical undu
Thus in an organ the music exists first in the lations corresponding to those vibrations of
Viborations of the elasticº (columns of air con the ai' which we call “tones.' Various ways
fined in the pipes, from which it is communi of producing electrical vibrations are known
cated through the external atmosphere to the and any suitable mode may be used in carry
auditory apparatus of the listener. So the ing out Iny invention. Along the many
music of a pianoforte or violin exists first in suitable ways of generating electrical Vibra 9 O
the Vibrations of the Strings, then in the vi tions I will honention , fe YY. The Vil) 'ations
brations of the sound-board, and finally in the of a string or of a pipe actuating a telephonic
vibrations of the air. Such vibrations of or microphonic apparatus produce electrical
material substances, cognizable by the sense villations which, when translated into aerial
of hearing when air is interposed between Vibrations, are 1'ecognized by the earns tones
the sounding-body and the ear of the listener, of good (Itality; but these té ones, tlough of
constitute music in the Ordinally sense of that good quality, are weak. On the other hand,
word. Such musical vibrations of the air, it by rotating in electric circuit, in the presence
is well known, can be copied electrically by of a magnetic field, or al laget or magneticº 1 ? ?
suitable telephonic apparatus and trans field in the presence of a circuit, or by inter
mitted from one point to another; but the ruting an electric current wholly o!' partially,
3. 5 electrical vibrations thus produced by copy electrical villations are readily 'oduced of
ing with telephones the musical vibrations of great power; but the electrical tones produced
the air are, it is well known, almost infinitely in these ways, though powerful, are not well
weak. I produce by my system musical elec suited for musical nu')oses. They are apt,
trical vibrations of as good quality and of to be either positively bad, in usically consid
enormously greater power. ered-that is, harsh act disagreeable-or,
Mine is a system of producing what may be When not hal'sh, pool' and insibid.
emphatically termed “electrical music, in It is a fact well know}} to physicists that
contradistinction to the music produced me the quality of a tone depends on the pai'-
chanically by the vibrations of sounding ticular to:e partials entering into it, and their
bodies, as above mentioned, for by my system strengths wit du relation to each other. A pulih’e
I generate, in the first instance, electrical si tone is a sine function. It is all elemental
brations corresponding to the different elle tone non-composite and irreducible. Á pure
mental tones desired. These elemontal elec tone, particularly in the lower and middle I I5
trical vibrations are readily made to be of 'ange, is alway's poor and insipid. It is Want
great power. Out of them synthesize com ing in color and effectiveness. It lakes lit
posite electrical vibrations answering to the tle impression Upon the Car. RNery to: c, cX
different notes and chords required. The cept a pure tone, is composed of or 'cducible
amplitude of these electrical vibrations as to a plurality of pure tones or sinc-?tinction
electrical vibrations is governed at will by the vibrations bearing certain at helinatical 'e-
performer, so that any expression desired is lations to each other. The clifferent pull'c
given to the music, and the electrical vibra tones or electal tones entering into the
tions thus produced and governed, circulating composition of a single musical note, consid
through coils of wire surrounding magnets ared by the car, and by musicians as a single
lying adjacent to sound-board-attached ar sound, are called its “partial tones, “tone
matures, callse the magnets to pull upon the partials, or, more shortly, its “partials.” The
armatures and sound-board with a constantly first partial by way of distinction is called the
varying force, so that the soundboard and the “fundamental or “ground tone and the
surrounding air are set in vibration. The other partials are called “overtones.” A tone
music, it will thus be seen, is by my invention is agreeable when it is foined of accordant
first generated and controlled in the form of partials. it is disagreeable When formed of
electrical vibrations, and tinese electrical Vi discordant partials. It is colorless and insipid
brations, constituting, as we may say, elec when overtones are wanting. It is a lkin OWin
580,035 S
fact that the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, circulate. The vibratory currents in the coils
and sixth partials are harmonious, and in the produce vibratory changes in the pull exerted
tones of a good pianoforte, particularly in by the coil-wound magnets upon the sound
the middle and lower range, all these partials board, and so set it in vibration. A number of
are strong. On the other hand, the seventh, these vibration-translating devices, situated
Ininth, and other odd-numbered upper par in different places, are connected with the
tials are disagreeable and need to be elimi same electrical tone-producing arrangement,
nated or suppressed. For various reasons, so that the music produced by one artist is 75
which it is not necessary to enter upon here, distributed to many hearers in different
the strings of a pianoforte are readily made pla?e?.
to give good tones, in which the lower har My invention may be carried out in various
monious partials are strong and the discord ways and by variously-modified devices. I
ant partials, such as the seventh, ninth, &c., shall first describe in detail the apparatus So
are either very weak or entirely absent; but which consider best, and after that will call
in producing electrical tones in a circuit by attention, briefly, to some of the many modifi
interrupting it in the ordinary manner with cations and alternative constructions that
a vibrating fork or reed or a make-and-break may be made use of in carrying out essential
wheel or other similar device the disagreeable features of my invention.
overtones I have always found to be present In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is
in great force, so that the tone is harsh and a diagrammatic plan view illustrating the
un musical. The same is true, but to a less general Scheline and arrangement of the pitch
degree, when electrical tones are produced shafts hereinafter described, corresponding
by vibrating or rotating a circuit in the pres to the twelve notes of the chromatic scale, 9 O
ence of a magnet or a magnet in the presence and the rheotome-cylinde's carried by said
5 of a circuit. The tones thus produced, as be pitch-Shafts and corresponding, respectively,
fore said, are in general either harsh and dis to different octaves of the notes for which the
agreeable or when not harsh insipid. pitch-shafts carrying them stand, and in this
Now I have found a practical Way by which view the main driving-shaft, with its bear
electrical tones of the best quality and of ings, supports, &c., is removed. Fig. 2 is a
great power can be produced, which is briefly side elevation of the device of Fig. 1. Fig. 3
as follows: I first produce in any suitable way is a sectional view, partly in elevation, on the
(as, for example, by interrupting electric cir line ac ac, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic
cuits) periodic electrical vibrations of fre sectional view on the line ac'a', Fig. 1, illus IOO
(uencies corresponding to the fundamental trating the arrangement of parts for driving
5 tone and to certain agreeable overtones of the the pitch-shafts each with the requisite ve
composite tone or note desired. I then purify locity. Fig. 5 is a diagram matic view of an
these vibrations by suppressing their harshe' individual pitch-shaft with its attached rheo
components, (such as the seventh and ninth tome-cylinders, corresponding, respectively,
partials,) and I combine the vibrations thus tO different Octaves Of the-note fol' which Sich
purged of their disagreeable elements into pitch-shaft stands. Fig. G is a similar view
composite vibrations answering to notes and of an individual rheotome-cylinder with its
chords. Thus I obtain electrical tones of different sets of insulating and conducting
good musical quality and of great power. sections corresponding to different partials O
The mechanical and electical devices which of the note for which such rheotone-cylinder
I prefer to use for this purpose are described stands. Fig. 7 is a similar view illustrating
fully hereinafter. a portion-to Wit, the portion corresponding
The method and the mechanism by which to the first partial-of each of the rheotone
I control the oldness of the tones at the will cylinder's carried by an individual pitch-shaft I i5
of the performer, according to the require and corresponding to the different octaves of
ments of correct musical expression, will be tlhe note for Which suci pitch-shaft stands, the
more conveniently explained after the gen remaining portions of each of said rheotome
eral schemic of the electric circuits has been cylindel's, corresponding to the higher partials
made clea”. of such notes, being broken away. Fig. S is a
For converting or translating the electrical detail section through one of the rheotome
tones or electrical tone-undulations, produced cylinders, illustrating the arrangelinent of tine
in the manner above described, into audible rushes and related parts. Fig. 9 is a detail
aerial vibrations I emply preferably an ap sectional view ill a plane parallel to the plane
paratus having a sound-board with a bridge, of Fig. 8, illustrating one of the brush-holders.
Ole Or more SOft-iron armatures attached to Fig. 10 is a detail side elevation of the device
or connected with the bridge, and one or illustrated in Fig. S. Fig. 11 is a detail, alon
more magnets (but preferably a plurality of gitudinal section, illustrating a rheotome-cyl
them) lying in proximity to the arimature at inder blank grooved. Figs. 11, 11, and 11
tached to the bridge and pulling upon it, said are cross-sections on the lines a'a', air, and
magnets being wound with coils of insulated a', Fig. 11, illustriating the section of differ
wire, through which the electrical undula ent portions of the rheotoine-cylinder blank
tions corresponding to music, and which I slotted to receive the insulating-sections; and
frequently term herein “electrical music, Fig. 11" shows the same with the insulating
580,085 5
set p four times as many, the set p five transverse ribs. Wooden planks IIII', well
times as many, and the set p" six times as dried and lacquered and suitably braced, ex
many. Thus supposing the set marked p' tend across from the libs H II, transverse to
to have, as in Fig. 13, two insulating-sections such ribs and parallel with the ribs II, II,
and two conducting-sections the set jy would and II, being supported by the ribs II II.
have four insulating-sections and four con They form a platform or floor, to which the
ducting-sections, the set p would have six, brush-holding brackets nº nº (hereinafter de
p' eight, p ten, and p twelve. The brushes scribed) are firmly attached. 75
q, n, the arrangement of which is hereinafter The n (in driving-shaft and its supports.-
?? more fully described, bear upon the sets of Heavy hangers H II (see Figs. 2 and 3) are
alternate conducting and insulating Sections attached to the transverse ribs H and II,
and make and break connection with them. being each secured firmly to its supporting
The electrical connections and the arrange ribo by means of studs II* and bolts IIº. Each
ment of the circuits will be described he'e- of the hangers II supports a split box H',
in after. which is held in place by a cap-piece II,
Having thus pointed out the distinguishing which latter is held in place by suitable bolts.
characteristics of one of my preferred rheo The main driving-shaft II* is set in the boxes
tome devices, it will now be convenient to Ii II, supported by the castings II, II.
describe the whole series and arrangement of The main driving-pulley II** is attached firmly
rheotomes, and in this connection the mech to this shaft and is suitably connected by a
anism by which the rheotome-cylinders are belt, or otherwise with a suitable driving-en
mounted and by which they are driven, each gine. The main driving-shaft II*º carries in
at the proper speed, must be adverted to. addition to the pulley II, before mentioned,
There is (a) a bed-plate or main frame for twelve other pulleys C, C, D, D', E, F, F,
25 supporting the various movable parts; (b) a G, G', A., A', and I3, which serve, respec
main driving - shaft and suitable supports tively, to drive the twelve pitch-shafts here
therefor; (c) twelve pitch-shafts correspond in after described.
ing, respectively, with the twelve notes of the The pitch-shafts.--The twelve pitch-shafts
chromatic scale and means whereby said (marked, respectively, c, c, d, d", e,f, f', (1,
pitch-shafts are connected with the main driv g', C., Cl', and b) are all exactly alike, as shown
ing-shaft; (d) seven rheotome-cylinders at in the drawings. Each is mounted in boxes
tached to each of the twelve pitch-shafts and l: li k, set upon the ribs II, II, and H, as
corresponding to the seven Octaves of the before mentioned, and held in place by studs ? ??
note for which such shaft stands, each such and nuts ' ', and each carries a pulley le.
rheotome-cylinder (except the two highest) Belts lik (omitted in most of the figures, but
having, as before explained, six sets of al shown in Fig. 4) connect the pulley's lik, be
ternate conducting and insulating sections longing to the pitch-shafts, with the driving
p", pº, pº, pº, pº, and pº, corresponding, re pulleys C C, &c., carried by the main driv
spectively, with the first, second, third, ing-shaft, the whole arrangement being such
fourth, fifth, and sixth partials of the note that the twelve pitch-shafts c, c, d, d", e,f,
for which such rheotome-cylinder stands, and f', g. g', C., (t", and b are connected, respec
(e) suitable brushes which rub on the rheo tively, with the twelve driving-pulley's C, C,
tome-cylinders and lmake and break connec D, D, E, F, F, G, G', A., A', and B, so that IO
tion with them as they revolve. There is said pulleys C, C, D, D', E, F, F, G, G', A,
45 also, as we shall see hereinafter, an induc A', and B, respectively, drive the pitch-shafts,
torium or a plurality of inductoriums con (marked, respectively, C:, c', Cl, d', e, f, fº", g, g',
nected with each rheotome-cylinder and con C, cl.", and b.) The twelve pulley's kills, &c.,
trolled thereby, and a tone-purifying device belonging to the twelve pitch-shafts, respec II5
is also connected there With. An action is tively, are made, preferably, all of exactly
provided, as before stated, whereby the power the same diameter, and the twelve driving
of the electrical tonesis governed at will, each pulley's C, C, D, D', E, F, F, G, G', A, A',
independently of the others, and means are and B are made to differ in diameter in the
provided for throwing vibrations from any of same proportions in which the vibration fre I 2?
the rheotones at Will into the vibration-trans cluencies of the twelve notes C, C, D, D2, E,
55 lating apparatus. Of these in their order. F, Fla, G, G3, A, A, and l3 differ from each
The bed-plate, (see Figs. 1, 2, and 3.)- The other in equal temperament; or the diame
bed-plate or main frame for the rheotomes ters of the different pulleys I'll may be made
consists, essentially, of heavy longitudinal to differ, as desired, the diameters of the cor I 25
ribs HH, each of which is a double in cross
?? section, and heavy transverse connecting-ribs
responding driving-pulley's C, C, D, D, E, F,
II", H°, and II, lying at right angles to the F, G, G'. A., A', and 3 being made such that,
in the result said driving-pulleys C, C, D,
ribos II HI and rising vertically some distance D', E, F, F, G, G, A, A', and B give to the
above said ribs H. H. The top surfaces of the pitch-shafts c, c', d. (l, e,f, f, g, g', (t, C', and
transverse ribs H", li”, and Hare plained true. b, driven, respectively, by them, angular ve
The boxes le k, which support the various locities proportional to the vibration fre
pitch-shafts hereinafter described, are set quencies in equal temperament of the twelve
upon and bolted to the top surfaces of these notes C, C, D, D3, E, F, F, G, G3, A, A3,
O8 5
and B, for which the twelve pitch-shafts, re ing and conducting Sections, as p)' and jº, &c.,
spectively, stand. Malking the twelve pulleys having vibration frequencies corresponding
I'l', &c., attached, respectively, to the twelve toºheotome-Cylinder
different partials of the note which their 7?
Serves to produce. Euch
pitch-shafts all of the same diam cter, low
ever, and making the differences in pitch by rheotone-cylinder, as represented in the draw
the different, diameters given to the driving ings, in fact constitutes with its busines a
pulleys C, C'. ED, I}", iE, F, F', G, 3', A, A4 , pli l'ality of rheotomes.
and B, the diameters of the twelve pulley's In the device figured in the drawings each of 75
last mentioned expressed in units (for exam the rheotone-cylindel's has in its first partial
O ple, cighths of an inch) may be made sub set jo' a numi)el" of insulating-sections and also
stantially as follows, to wit: diameter of pill a number of conducting-sections e?tal to the
ley C, 25S.7; o pulley C", 273.9; of puley D, number expressed by thc figure or figures
290.3; of pulley i)', 307.4; of pulley E, 325,9; With which the cylindel' is naked in the claw
of Ipualley F, 3-45.3; of ip tilley F", 3(55.8; of pual– ings, to wit: The cylindel 2 has in its first
ley G, 387.6; of pulley G", 410.4; of pulley A, partial Set of insulating and conducting soc
435.0; of pulley A', 4(30.7; of pulley B, 4.SS.2. tions To two inslating-sections and two con
After the twelve pulleys C C, &c., have been dicting-sections, the cylinder 4 has four, the
thlls made of diamete's corresponding to the cylinder S las eight, the cylindler 16 has six
vibration frequencies of the pitch - shafts; teem, the cylinde1' 32 has thirty-two, the cyl
driven by them any want of perfection in inder (3-1 has sixty-four, and the cylinder 128
tuning can be readily corrected by filing a has Oile hundred and twenty-eight. In its
little either the proper pilley on the main Second partial set 1)" each of these cylindel's
driving-shaft II, which will flatten the notes lhäts just ti Wice as many insulating and con 9o
of the pitch-shaft driven by the pulley filed, ducting sections as it has in its first partial
or the pulley l° of the pitch-shaft may be set, in its third partial set it has three times
filed, which will sharpen the pitch of the as many as it has in its fil'st, partial sot, in its
notes controlled by such pitch-shaft. The fourth partial set 1) four times: as many, in
pitch-shafts should of cotl’se be Weli moulted its fifth partial set five times as many, and 95
and well lubricated, so that they will run with in its sixth partial set p" it has six times as
as little friction as may be, and the belts con in any insulating aid coinctileting sections as
necting the pitch-shaft pulleys 'k', &c., with it has in its first partial set p". Whether the
the driving-pulley's C C D D', &c., should be cylindel's 2, 4, S, 1.f3, 32, G4, and 12S shall have,
drawn taut, so that, the slip or at least the respectively, two, foll', cight, sixteel, thirty ? ? ?
difference in rate of slip of the belts afore two, sixty-four, and a hill dred and twenty
35 said will be negligible, for any material dif eight insulating and conducting sections each
ference in the rate of slip of the said belts l; in its first partial set is of course unimpor
ls, &c., would tend to throw the instrumelt, tant. The important point is that their vi
out of tune, and, finally, the main driving-shaft bration frequencies shal stand to each other
II, which carries the pulley's C C D D', 'c., as two, foll ', eight, sixteen, thirty-two, sixty
must be given such a velocity that it will four, and one hui died and twenty-eight.
bring the whole set of pitch-shafts, with the It will now be understood that the eighty
l'heotomes carried by them, up to the pitch four l'heotome-cylindel's illustrated in Fig. 1 I I. ?
desired. correspond to the cighty - foll notes of :
When the rheotone-cylindel's are made ex seven-octave pianoforte, the se ven carried by
45 actly like those illustrated in the accompany the pitch-shaft e Gorrespond to the Seven O's,
ing drawings with respect to the number of the seven callied by the pitch-shaft, c' corre
insulating and conducting sections in each, spond to the seven C-sharps, the seven car
giving the driving-shaft II such a velocity ried by the pitch-shaft (il correspond to the I 5
that the pitch-shaft c will make nine hundred seven I's, the seven carried by the pitch
and sixty revolutions a minute Will bring the shaft (l correspond to the Seven D-sharps,
whole up very close to concert pitch-that is the seven carried by the pitch-sha?t G coire
to say, middle c will have two hundred and spond to the se ven Es, the se ven carried by I2 ?
fifty-six vibrations. the pitch-shaft floor respond to the seven Fs,
The Ca'ira'n gement of rheoloj) es. —The differ the seven carried by the pitch-shaft, f' corre
55 ent rheotome-cylinders correspond in the pre spond to the se v en F-sha'ps, the se v en car
ferred construction illustrated in the law ried by the pitch-shaft, g/ correspond to the
ings each to one of the notes which the appa sevel Gºs, the Seven carried by the pitch
ratus is adapted to produce. The twelve shaft g' correspond to the seven (i-sharps,
pitch-shafts c c'" dl dl', &c., it will be remen the seven cairied by the pitch-shaft (t. Core
(6 ? bered, which correspond, respectively, to the spond to the sevel A's, the sove)) ca'ried by
twelve notes of the chromatic scale, cally the pitch-shaft (t' correspond to the seven
each seven rheotome-cylinders (marked, re A-sharps, aid the seven carried by the pitch
spectively, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, G4, and 128) which twelve shaft to correspond to the seven 3's. The
serve to give the different octaves of the by rheotone-cylindel's marked 2, carried
note for which the pitch-shaft carrying them In Ottes the twelve pitch-shafts, give the twelve
stands. Each rheotone-cylinder, as We have Of the c'Ontic: Scle in to lo West Oc
seen, consists of a plurality of sets of insillat tave, the twelve cylinders marked it give the
580,085
second octave, the twelve marked S give the 72°. By loosening the screw the brush .
third octave, the twelve marked 16 the fourth may be slipped up and down, as required, for
Octave, the twelve marked 32 the fifth octave, adjusting. The center rod n is supported
the twelve marked 64 the sixth octave, and by a metal bracket, ', which is itself bolted
the twelve marked 12S give the twelve notes fast to one of the planks II, before men
of the chromatic scale in the seventh octave, tioned. Bolts 7, furnished with lock-lauts
and the sets of insulating and conducting sec , serve to hold the springs in 18 at any
tions p", p, p", p", p, and p", belonging to the tension that may be necessary to give the 75
different rheotome-cylinders, serve to give, brushes the required closeness of contact. No
? ? respectively, the first, second, third, fourth,
special importance, however, is attached to
fifth, and sixth partials of the note for which these details of construction. A skilled elec
the cylinder to which they belong stands. trician can vary them to any extent.
The general scheme of the rheotome-cylin The Ctrl 'Clingement of the electrical circuits.- So
ders having been made clear, it will be con We are now in a position to explain the al
venient before explaining the electrical con rangement of the electrical circuits. I shall
nections to describe briefly the mechanical first explain the arrangement of circuits for
construction of a rheotome-cylinder. The a single rheotome-cylinder and Will show how
rheotome - cylinders may be inade in other a rheotone-cylinder is made to produce elec
ways than that which I am about to describe.
2 ? No very special importance is attached to the
trical undulations equivalent to a lich and
incisive musical tone, and after the arrange
particular mode of construction which I fol ment of circuits by which this is done for a
low. Nevertheless, it may be best to describe single note has been made clear we will be
it. The rheotome-cylinder is first bored to in a position to follow the arrangement by
admit the pitch-shaft. It is then turned true. which the different notes are produced as de
Annular grooves are then cut in it, dividing sired and with the power desired and at a
it into longitudinal sections P", Pº, Pº, Pt, Pº, multiplicity of places simultaneously.
and IP, corresponding to the sets of insulat As stated in the introductory part of this
ing and conducting sections 1)", p, 1, 1)", p. specification, first generate electrical vibra
and p", making the blank, as in Fig. 11. The tions corresponding in periodicity to different
purpose of these annular grooves is to render partial tones of the musical note desired. I
the operation of slotting easier. The differ pullify these vibrations corresponding to the
ent lengthwise portions P', P, P, &c., are different sets of partials, purging then of
then slotted or milled out, so as to make their harsher components by successive in CO
spaces sufficient to admit the insulating-sec ductive transfers. I the in combine the vibra
35 tions p p, giving the blank the form illus tions answering to tone-partials of the note
trated in the detail sections Figs, 11, 11", desired and purified in the manner described
and 11, in which IP P are the conducting into one series or set of composite electrical
sections. Then the insulating-sections 2) ) undulations. I then transfer these composite
are filled in between the conducting-sections electrical undulations by induction to a cil'-
as in Fig. 11. The whole is made cylin cuit, which we may for convenience sake term
drical. The insulating-sections p pare fas the “line-circuit, and with this line-circuit I
tened firmly in place by strong binding-wires connect the receiving-magnets of the vibra
11' ni", (omitted in most of the figures, but tion - translating devices. This is the pre I I. ?
shown in Fig. 10,) wrapped tightly around ferred mode of carrying out my invention, but,
45 the whole. it may be \airied greatly.
The insulating-sections pp) may be made Fig. 13, which is a diagrammatic view,
of any suitable material. They may be made shows the arrangement of circuits which i
cheaply of hard tough wood well oiled and prefer to use. P'N is a large dynamo which I 5
seasoned. A somewhat more expensive but supplies current to all the rheotome devices.
much more enduring construction is to em p', p. 2, 1)", p), and 2)" are the different sets
ploy metal sections insulated from the adja of insulating and conducting sections belong
cent conducting parts of the rheotome-cylin ing to a rheotone-cylinder and serving to give,
der. Brushes N. N. (omitted from Figs. 1 and l'espectively, the first, second, third, fourth,
2, and shown diagrammatically only in some fifth, and sixth partials of the note for which
55 of the other views, but clearly illustrated in Such cylinder Stands, as before fully ex
Figs. S, 9, and 10) lie on each side of the rheo plained. 22, 7, &c., are the brushes bearing on
tome-cylinder's and bear against said cylin these different sets of insulating and con
clers, as shown in the drawings. The brushes (liticting sections. The keys are marked ' '.
n n are supported each by a brush-holder,
?? which consists essentially of a casting 7',
These keys are referably made and arranged
like the keys of a pianoforte; but they may
shaped as shown and mounted upon a con be arranged in any suitable way whatever.
ducting-rod nº. The casting in is channelled The part of a key r" (seen in section in Fig. 13)
out, so that it admits (C) the brush , (b) a is the part behind the fulcrum. When the
flat tension - adjusting spring , and (c) a part in front of the fulcrum which the oper
clamp-piece or clamp ivº. A clamping-screw ator touches is depressed, the part seen in
7, furnished with a lock-nut, holds the clamp section in Fig. 3 rises. Each key controls
up tight against the brush in and flat spring a sliding circuit-closer ', made of suitable
S 580,035
metal and shaped as illustrated in Fig. 12. the set 1)" has all interruption frequency co
The horizontal limb of the sliding circuit responding to the vibration frequency of the
closer 1” is connected by a conducting con note for which the key controlling it stands, 7?
tractile spring with a metal bar 7, and with so that the effect of depressing a key is to
this bar one pole Pºof the dynamo is con ause powerful electrical vibrations in the
nected by a wire P'. The upper ends of the coils S', S', S', S', S', and is" corresponding in
sliding circuit-closers ''f'' lie when their keys periodicity, respectively, to the first, second,
are in their normal positions in contact with third, fourth, fifth, and sixth partials of the
the non-conducting strip ', which is attached note for which the key controlling them
I. ? to the non-conducting bar nº. Contact-pieces stands. Proximate to the se veral coils s', sº,
1' 1", having their front surfaces in the same s', S', s, and s" are other coils S', S', S', S', S',
plane With the front surface of the non-con and S", respectively, the coil S' being in the
ducting strip , lie immediately above the inductive field of coils', S' in the field of s”, So
different sliding circuit-closers ' ', and each S in the field of s”, St in the field of S, S5 in
key when depressed raises its sliding circuit the field of s, and S in the field of s". The
closer ' from its normal position of contact se veral coils S', Sº, Sº, Sº, Sº, and Sº respec
with the non-conducting strip i' to a position tively form closed circuits with other coils
of contact with the corresponding contact marked, l'espectively, T", T, T3, T1, Tiº, andl
piece ". S', S', S', S', S', and s” are coils of Tº. Proximate to the se veral cois T'', T, T’º,
2 ? insulated wire corresponding to the sets of T, T, and T and within their respective
insulating and conducting sections )', ')', p, fields are other coils t', i, l, t, f, and l, re
p', 2', and 2)" before mentioned of a rheotone spectively, and the several coils (, l', l, t, f,
cylinder'. Each of such coils has one end and it respectively fol'm closed circuits with
connected with the proper brush n, and each other coils marked at', '', at', '', t, and ", re
25 of them has its non-brush-connected end con spectively. Proximate to the several coils at',
nected by a wire 7 with the contact-piece q', at, , al., ii, and "last mentioned and within
which corresponds with the key that stands their respective inductive fields are other
for the note which the rheotome-cylinder pro coils U", U, U3, U, U3, and U", which are con
duces. One pole of the dynamo P. N, we nected together in series and fol'm a closed
have already seen, is connected with the bar Gilcuit, with anothel coil W.
1. The other pole of said dynamo is con The electrical vibrations in the coils S', S',
nected with all the rheotome cylinders. A s', S', S', and S', having vibration frequencies
convenient Way of making the connection corresponding, respectively, to the first, Sec IC
practically is to connect one pole of the dy ond, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth partials of
35 namo With the main frame formed of parts the note fol' which the key controlling them
I, II, II, II*, and di”, as before described. stands, are abrupt, harsh, and disagreeable.
From the main frame the current will con They generate, howeve', by induction elec
duct through the boxes is l; to the pitch trical undulations less abrupt and less harsh C
shafts and rheotome-cylindel's. The connec in the closed circuits Sº T”, Sº Tº, ST, ST,
tion, however, may be made in any suitable Sº Tº, and Sº Tº, which correspond, respec
way whatever. In the diagrammatic view tively, to and lie severally within the inductive
Fig. 13 the connection between the dynamo influences of the aforesaid coils S', S', S', S', S',
and the rheotome-cylinder is represented as and s. The electrical undulations in the cil'-
made by a wire NS. The connections being cuits S'T', S'T', ST, SIT, S, T, and Si Tigen
45 as described, it will be seen that when any erate by induction electrical undulations of
key is depressed the circuit is closed from the same periodicity, but less harsh, in the
the pole P' of the dynamo through the wire closed circuits l'u', it', lit, l'u', d'u, and it",
P* to the bar 1, and from this bar through which correspond, respectively, to and lie sev
the spring ' and sliding circuit-closer 'be erally within the inductive influences of the
5 ? longing to the particular key depressed to several circuits S'T', ST, S, T, &c. Thus
the contact-piece " belonging to the such the alorupt and hal'sh vibrations generatedlin
key, and from this contact-piece through the the circuits of the coils S', S', S', S', S', and s' by
wire and coils S', S', S', S', S', and S' to the the current-interrupting action of the l'heo
brushes , , &c., and from these brushes tonne-cylinder become Smooth and round Wi
55 through the various sets of insulating and brations in the circuits t at', t'at', lati, &c.
conducting Sections p", p, p, q), p, and p" The modus operandli of the tone-purifying
belonging to the rheotome-cylinder which process will be described later. From the cir
gives the note for which the key depressed cuits 'u', t? u*, 18 °, t**, t**, and (* u* the
stands, and through such rheotome-cylinder electrical undlulations ilin such different; ciu
?? to the pitch-shaft which carries it, and thence cuits corresponding, respectively, to the first,
by the Wire N back to the other pole N of second, third, foulth, fifth, and sixth partials
the dynalmo. of the tone desired are transferred by induc
The different sets of insulating and con tion to the circuit formed of the coils U', U,
ducting sections p", ), p, p, p, and ))" have, U, U, U3, U", and W, so that composite cloc
as before fully explained, interruption fre trical undulations answering to a clear, rich,
quelncies standing to each other as the num and powerful musical tone are generated ill
bers one, tWO, three, four, five, and six, and the cil'(?tit last minnel
580,035
Proximate to the coil W and in inductive CLS (lesired.- vary the loudness of the tones
relation to it is another coil W', one terminal in the apparatus shown in the drawings by
of which is connected with the line-wire W. varying the inductive action between vibra
and the other terminal of which is connected tion-transferring and vibration-receiving cir
with the contact-piece rºº, belonging to the cor cuits. My preferred apparatus (illustrated
responding key ". The bar is connected by in Fig. 15) consists, essentially, of two parts,
a wire G with buried plates or an equivalent the One electrical, the other mechanical, to
ground connection G. The line-wire W is wit, (c) an arrangement of inductive bodies
connected with the coils nuo ut, surrounding the suitably mounted and serving by their rela
I. ? lmagnet-cores U' ('', belonging to the vibra
tive movement to vary the strength of the wi
tion - translating devices, and through said bratory currents, and (b) a hammer and a
coils U U the line-wire W is connected with friction-driver action therefor, substantially
suitable buried plates or equivalent ground similar to that illustrated and described in
connections G* G°, so that the earth is made the specification of Letters Patent of the
to serve as a return. Thus the circuit of any United States No. 520,667, granted to me on
of the coils V', it will be seen, is completed May 29, 1894, (to which specification refer
when the corresponding key r is depressed ence is hereby had and made for a full de
(c) through the line-wire W, (t) through the scription of such actions and the points to be
coils at U, surrounding the magnet-cores of taken into account in their construction,)
2 ? the vibration-translating devices, (c) through whereby the hammer is caused to deliver a
the ground connections G° G', belonging to blow, when the key is depressed, with greater
the vibration-translating devices, (d) through or less force, according to the pressure upon
the earth serving as a return-conductor, and the key, on One of the movable inductive 90
(e) through the ground connection G, wire bodies before mentioned, thus moving said
25 G', bar I, and the contractile spring , slid inductive body with relation to the other in
ing circuit-closer ", and contact-piece ", cor ductive body a greater or less distance, ac
responding to the key depressed. cording to the pressure upon the key, so as
A few rheotome-cylinders and keys only to make the tone loud or soft, as desired. Fig. 95
are illustrated in Fig. 14, which is merely a 15 illustrates the arrangement of parts for a
diagrammatic view; but it is to be under single key only. There is a similar set of
stood that there is a key for every rheotome parts for each key, except that the friction
cylinder and that every key and rheotome driver, rails, and framing hereinafter de
cylinder have connections exactly similar to scribed (shown in section in Fig. 15) serve IOO
those illustrated in Figs. 13 and 14, subject for all.
35 to the qualification that in the highest octave 21 is a soft-iron cole well laminated. Heads
served by the rheotome-cylinders marked 12S 22 22 are very firmly attached to this core;
(and which rheotome-cylinders have, it will and the coil V before mentioned, whose elec
be remembered, only two sets of insulating trical connections (illustrated in Figs. 13 and
and conducting sections p' and p, answering 14) have been already fully described, is
to the ground-tone and the second partial) Wound tightly alround the core 2 near its up
the coils s, S', S', and s', S', S', S', and S, T, per end and inside the heads 22 22. The core
T“, Tº, and Tº, tº, tiº, tiº, and tº, nuº, u', nulº, and 21, carrying the coil W, slides up and down
t", and U9, U, U, and U are of course omit easily but closely in a guide-piece 23, which ? I. ?
tied, and in the next to the highest octave is screwed fast to the rail 24. The coil W',
45 served by the rheotome-cylinders 64 (which whose electrical connections (illustrated in
rheotome-cylinders have, it will be remem Figs. 13 and 14) have been already fully de
bered, but four sets of insulating and con scribed, is wound around a hollow bobbin 31,
ducting sections, to wit, p", p, p, and p", an which is attached to the lower surface of the II5
swering to the first, second, third, and fourth rail 33. The hollow bobbin 31 is concentric
partials) the coils sands, S5 and S, T5 and with the coil V and core 21 and is of sufficient
T, i and t, at and at, and U5 and U6 are of diameter inside to ad hit, the core 21 and coil V.
Collise omitted. A hole 34, cut in the rail 33, admits the core
Each key, it will be seen, when depressed 21 when said core carries the coil V up into I 2?
serves (a) to close the rheotome-interrupted the center of the coil W'. To the foot of the
55 circuits s's, &c., corresponding to it and (b) core 21 is attached a cup-piece 26, containing
to close the circuit of the coil V', in which a cushion 27, of rubber, felt, ivory, or other
the composite musical note corresponding to Suitable resilient material. A metal ham
it is produced electrically, so that said coil mer 35, having a weight about equal to the I 25
discharges its vibrations into the line-wire W weight of the core 21 and coil W, serves, when
?? andl receiving-coils 2 t' ?2.U of the vibration- trams
the key is depressed, to strike upon the re
lating devices. Each of the keys serves also silient material 27 attached to the core 21,
to control the amplitude of the vibrations and thus to throw the core 21 and coil W up
thus transferred to the line by its coil W', so Ward toward the coil W' a greater or less dis
that the note is produced by the translating tance, according to the pressure with which
devices piano or forte, as desired. It remains the key is depressed. A check R7 serves to
to describe how this is done. hold the core 21 and core V so long as the key
Of the making of the dones, piano o 1' forte, is depressed in whatever position they may
0 580,035
be thrown into by the blow of the hammer 35. scribed. The tracker's IR'', belonging to the
The core 21 lies normally with its lower head different keys, diverge as they run back from
22 resting on a cushion of felt 25, which cush the bell-crank levers lºto the ?ly-Carryingle
ion lies down upon the top surface of the Vers lRº. The Office Of the bell-Cranks Rº 7?
5 guide-piece 23. and trackers R is to connect the keys, lying
In its normal position, in which it appears close together, with the expression-actions,
in Fig. 15, the coil V lies remote from the which l'equire nucli jmo'e space, all alny of
coil W', and when the coil W thus lies emote the well-known de Yices, such as rolle'-boa, I'ls,
from the coil W' the influence of the coil W fan-bo?ards, $3 (e. , used in j)ipc-Organns for sirri 75
I. ? on the coil W' is weak, weak currents only lar pu??p OSes, na:ty, Of (2O u 1‘Se, l) e usedl iins te:u (l.
are generated in the coil V', and the tones The hammer 35 is carried by a shank 37,
given off by the vibration-translating devices which is fulcrumed by means of a ?lange 38,
are soft; but when the coil V is moved up screwedi fast to the rail 3}.
into the center Of the coil. V the influence R is a hollow cylinder or drum mounted SO
I5 of the core W on the coil W' is strong, strong upon a shaft R', turned true and rotated in
currents are generated in the coil V', and the the direction of the arrow in any suitable
tones given off by the vibration-translating manner, as, for example, by all electic mo
devices are loud. Thus every degree of loud tor. Said fiction-drive 'selves as a fic
uness from pianissimo to fortissimo can be tion-driver for all the actions, of which one
2? given to the tones given off by the vibration only, it will be remembered, is seen in Fig. 15.
translating devices simply by varying the ilº is the con tact-piece, which is centered
om tutul al induction of the coil W and the Ceoil by means of a pin R, set in the contact-piece
V'. The core 21 and coil V are moved by the carrying lever 37. It is connected by a link
action of the key-controlled hammer 35 into Rls with the hap, inh}}}. Cei-shank :37. The SUL 'ffau CC
different positions with relation to the coil W', of the contact-piege R, lying proximate to
according to the force with which the key is the fiction-driver R', is curved on the cen
depressed. The whole arrangement is such ter-pin R as a center. The contact-piece
that when the key is depressed the hammer carrying lover R'? serves to in ove the contact
35 Strikes the core 2 l a blovv na Ore Oie less piece toward aind away from the fiction 95
forcible, according to the pressure upon the driver R1. It is supported by a flange R",
key, thus moving the core 21 and coil screwed fast to the 'aill 89). A light expansive
greater or less distances from their normal spring R' holds the lever 2 in the position
position toward the coil V', according to the illustrated in Fig. 15, YYiti its lower endl n'est
pressure upon the key. ing against the adjustable stop l', so that ? ??
35 It remains to describe the action by which the contact-piege is lies normally in close
the key controls the hammer. We may con proximity to, but clear of, the fiction
Sider the ha miner 35 as in a certain scense the (11' ??1 E18.
equivalent of a comino pianoforte-hammer, The stop R is made adjustable by making
the essential difference being in the way in the hole, through which the at or screw R',
which the blow is liltilized to affect, the Old attaching said stop to the l'aill Riº, passes, el
ness of the tone. At any actions have been liptical or elongated, so that when the screw
invented and are known for controlling the R* is loosonel the Stop * ca? be slipped.
piamoforte-ham mell's by the key's. Some of into the position desired and locked in that
these are power-actions and other's dependen position by tightening the screw R. IO
45 tirely on the force of the fingers. I prefer to Á lever '', fulerumed by a ílange R*,
use a power-action and of the fiction-driver screwed fast, to the rail IR and held by the
Jariety, because Such actions are simple in contractile Spri Eng º norbally against tilhe
construction, powerful in operation, and per adjustable stop lèº, has its lo YY er end connect
fectly sympathetic; but any other suitable ed by the tracker R' with the vertical arm II 5
action whatever may be used. IBy saying Of the l}e!! -(e?ank le Y°ej? IR°, sO that, S:hid !b)e] l
that a friction-driver action is sympathetic crank leve', when rocked by the depressing
mean that the force which it exerts is alway's of the key, rocks the level'i', in Oving its up
proportional to the force exerted upon it--a per end to the left. The lever "Gi'rios the
point of great importance. A convenient, ar fly-lever R, the front end of which lies nor
55 rangement of friction-driver action is that mally in close l'OXinity to the lose R of
illustrated in Fig. 15, and before mentioned. the contact-piece-carrying lever R.
nº is the key, which controls the electrical con R is the check-piece, pin-jointed to the
nections illustrated in Figs. 13 and 14, and contact-piece at its lowen“ eind and having its
before fully described, as Well as the meghan upper end lying intermediate the eve' '
?? ical action how about to be described. R is and the ?ix el Check- l’aill Rºº.
a bell-crank lever which is fulcrumed by R’ is the fly-release, which is in-jointed
means of a flange R', screwed fast to the rail below to the contact-piece IR, and above to
R". A push-rod R1 connects the key with the bridle-leveri", which latter is ?ulciumed
the horizontal arn of the bell-Crank levelº 38. by means of a flange 3', screwed fast, to the
Said lever RS is connected by a tracker R12 rail R. The fly-releaser is carries a pin
with the fly-carrying leveri', hereinafter de R, which serves, as hereinafter described,
580,035
to knock the fly-lever Rout of engagement up the hammer-shank 37 and hammer 35.
with the nose R of the contact-piece-carry Thus the hammer rises with a force great or
ing lever R 17. Small, according to the pressure upon the key,
R is a wrought-iron bell-crank lever full until, when the hammer gets close to the re
crumed by means of a flange R, attached to silient cushion 27, attached to the core 21, the
the rail R. The vertical arm of said bell pin R, carried by the fly-releaser R.", comes
crank lever carries at its lower extremity a in contact with the fly-lever R and moves it
check-piece or clutch R". A light contractile down out of engagement with the nose R of 75
spring RS holds the bell-crank lever R* nor the contact-piece-carrying lever R. At this
I. ? Imally in the position illustrated in Fig. 15, instant several operations take place practi
With its vertical arm resting against the ad cally simultaneously. (C) the hammer 35
justable stop R”, so that the check-piece R” strikes the resilient cushion 27, attached to
lies very close to, but not in contact with, the the core 21, transferring its momentum to the So
core 21, which core, it will be remembered, core 21 and coil V, so that they start up to
carries the coil W. The check-piece R7 lies Ward the coil W', while the hammer itself first
between the upper and the lower jaws of the comes to l’est and thein innoves baclk a short
guide-piece 23, almost filling the space be distance toward its normal position without,
tween them, so that its up-and-down move however, returning the whole distance; (b) 5.
ment is negligible. on the freeing of the fly-lever R by the action
An electromagnet R" (screwed fast to the of the fly-releaser R' the back end of the key
rail R and having one terminal connected moves upward a little, so raising the push-rod
with the contact-spring Rºº and its other ter R and tilting the leve's Rand R. until the
minal connected through the generator PN further movement of the parts is arrested by
with the fly-releaser Rº) lies below the hori the level R* coming in contact with the con
25 Zontal arm of the iron bell-crank level R8 in tact-piece-connected check-piece R, which is
proximity to it. The fly-releaser R' has a thus pressed firmly against the check-rail R*,
projection R overhanging the free end of so that a check is opposed to the movement of
tlhe contact-spring lR"* before mentionedl, so the contact-piece, and hammer 35 sufficient
that when the fly-releaser R' is pulled down to prevent the hammer, when it rebounds on
by the contact-piece R it closes circuit, with delivering its blow, from returning to its nor
the spring R* through the magnet R and mal position or from moving so far in that
generator Pº N. The magnet Rºthus einer direction as to break the circuit of the mag
gized pulls upon the bell-crank Rand presses net R', and (c) the core 21 and coil. V, having ? ??
the check-piece R" against the coil-carrying been set moving, as before described, by the
core 21 with considerable force whenever the blow of the hammel 35 upon the resilient
key is depressed. cushion 27, attached to the core 21, move
The operation is as follows: The key q', upward for an instant, when they come to
When depressed by the performer in front of rest under the opposing forces of gravity and
the fulcrum, rises back of the fulcrum, t'ais the fiction resulting from the application of
ing the push-rod R11, tilting the bell-crank le the check R. in a position of proximity to or
ver Riº, and thus through the tracker Rº tilt remoteness from the coil V', dependent upon
ing the lever Rºº and pressing the fly-lever the force with which the key was depressed.
R* against the nose R of the contact-piece If the key be depressed gently, the contact
carrying lever R', so that the contact-piece piece is pressed against the fiction-driver
45 carrying lever moves upon its center intil its lightly, the friction - driver pulls upon it
movement is arrested by the contact-piece R. lightly, the hammer moves lightly and taps
coming in contact with the friction-driver R. the resilient cushion 27 lightly, so that the
Thus the contact-piece is pressed against the Gore 21 and coil V move but a short distance
friction-driver with a force great or small, ac toward the coil V', when they come to rest;
cording to the pressure upon the key. Im but if the key be depressed very forcibly the
mediately the contact-piece Rº comes in con contact-piece is pressed hard against the fric
tact with the fiction-driver R the fiction tion-driver, so that the friction-driver pulls
driver exerts a traction upon the contact-piece upon it strongly. Ti The hammer, thus forcibly
great or small, according to the pressure upon impelled, moves with great rapidity and de
55 the key, moving the contact-piece in the di livers a vigorous blow upon the resilient
rection of the arrow, Fig. 15. The contact cushion 27, which sends the core 21 and coil
piece R' when thus moved draws down the W instantly up into the center of the coil V'.
fly-releaser R', bringing the electrical con if the key be depressed with any intermedi I 25
tact-point, carried by the projection R' in con ate degree of force, the hann mer dclivers a,
tact with the yielding contact-spring R', and proportional blow and the core 21 and coil W
thus early in its movement closes the circuit assume a position of proximity to the coil V'
of the clutch-magnet R', so that said nag correspondent with the pressure exerted upon
net becomes magnetized and, attracting its the key. Thus by the touch upon the key any
armature R', causes the clutch Ri to press desired position can be given to the core 21
firmly upon the coil-carrying core 21. The and coil V, and every different position of
contact-piece R meanwhile continues its such core and coil gives, it will be remen
movement and through the link R.'s throws beited, a different degree of power to the yi
2 583,035
brations received by the coil W' from the coil 41 is a sound-board, 42 the bridge, and 1343
V and a different degree of loudness to the the almatures attached to the bridge.
tones given off by the vibration-translating 44 is the bottom, and 45 45 are the sides, of
devices. Thus every degree of loudness from the frame that supports the sound-board 41. 7?
pianissimo to fortissimo can be made, and 'U' U' are the soft-iron cores upon the ends
made instantly, for each note individually of which the coils at it', connected with the
simply by the pressure upon the key, as in a line-wire V, are wound. Sustaining-coils at:
common pianoforte. When the key is re ac', arranged in series and having a battery
leased, the various parts return to their nor at' in circuit, serve to maintain the magnet 75
mal positions. ism of the cores vº ti". The alternate sus
in large instruments the return of the core taining-coilst'', &c., are oppositely wound,
21 and coil V to their normal positions should the first, tìnird, &c., being Wound in one di
be quickened by a suitable spring. rection and the second and fourth in the op
It remains to describe the vibration-trans posite direction, so that the proximate poles
lating devices. Any suitable form of receiv of the corest' ('are always of opposite sign.
ing-telephone whatever might be used to some The alternate coils at nu all'e in like man ner
extent as a vibration-translating device in oppositely wound. Each of the coils et at has
the carrying out of my invention. Receiv its Outer end connected with the line-Wire W.
ing-telephones are made in a great variety of The inner end of each of said coils is con
forms and tipon principles somewhat differ nected with the core t', upon which it is
cht. In Sonne the Vibration-translatingaction wound, and through the core ty' with the yoke
is due to the development of heat, varying ?', and the several yokes a ('' ' U'“ are coinnected
With the periods of the current, in a fine with the buried plates or equivalent ground
strained wire of high resistance, which, as it connection G. The coils at U might of course 9O
periodically expands and contracts under the be connected with the ground in any other
influence of the varying currents, sets a sound suitable way. In some of the diagrammatic
board with which it is connected in vibration. views they are shown otherwise connected.
In others, as in the Well-known device of Pro The particular manner of making the ground
fessor Dolbear, the line-circuit is never closed, connection is not essential. A lettlin-Wire 95
but the development of the aerial vibrations may be used insteal{l of the ground connec
depends upon the changes in the electrostatic tion with advantage. The disadvantage is
attraction between two small diaphragms the increased cost.
placed in close proximity to each other, well A few vibration-translating devices only
insadated from eacl? otler, ; 3. ?ndl connected one are shown connected with the line-circuit, Wire
With the line - wire and the other with the W in the drawings; but obviously a much
ground or with a return-wire. In the forms larger number may be connected with it, and
of telephonic receiver which have cone into obviously the line-circuit may have several
Di'actical use a magnet is wound with a coil branches, each having One or more vibration
near One of its poles, so that the attraction translating devices connected with it.
of this polic upon a small soft-iron diaphragm When it is desired to produce a large vol
varies with the currents that vibrate through time of sound in a large room ol' hall by neans
the coil. Any of these devices might no of the apparatus herein described, I consider
doubt be used to some extent in the carrying it better to use a plurality of Viboration-ti'ans
ott of my invention, particularly the sort lating devices of moderate size than to at I IC
45 last named; but they all produce weak tones. tempt to secure the whole volume of sound
In order to produce powerful tones, I have required from one large vibration-translating
contrived a special form of vibration-trans device.
lating device, which consists, essentially, of Suppressing of Sp(uliºl S (al lle lo i’i u Sles. —AS
(C) a good Wooden sound-board, Well con the various rheotone-controlled circuits s' s
Structed and braced and furnished with a s° S., &c., are broken by the conducting-sec
bridge-a, Sound-board, in short, very similar tions of the rheotome-cylinder's moving away
to the sound-board of a pianoforte; (b) a plu from the brushes , , &c., Sparks are )'O-
l'ality of Soft-iron a 'matures attached to the duced, which have an injurious effect upon
bridge; (c) a plurality of soft-iron cores lying the brushes and rheotome-cylinders. These
55 cach with One pole close to one of the bridge sparks should be suppressed as far as possi
carried armatures before mentioned; (d) coils ble. Several ways of suppressing sparks are
lmagnetizing these cores, so that the neces known. I have tried a number, Some of which
sary field is provided, which coils I sometimes serve fairly well and some very imperfectly.
term “sustaining-coils,’. and (e) coils of fine The combination, with each set of insulating
?? Wile WOlind around the ends of the soft-il'on and conducting sections, of a condensel hav
cores thit pull (upon the bridge-carried arma ing one set of plates connected with the brush
tures before mentioned. This device, when or brushes belonging to such set of insulat
supplied with the necessary currents, pro ing and conducting sections, and having the
duces tones of great power. The essential other Sct of plates connected electrically with
features of the construction are illustrated the rheotone-cylindel', and a high-resistance
in Fig. 16, which is a sectional elevation. shunt-wire of negligible self-induction also
580,035 3.
connecting the brushes and the cylinder-in that by the words “rheotome’ or “rheotome
other words, a condenser and a high-resist device' I refer, broadly, to a device for pro
ance shunt across the break-I consider as ducing electrical vibrations by periodically 7 O
good as any. The arrangement is illustrated throwing resistance into a circuit and cutting
in Fig. 13, in which 51 51 are the condensers it Out of it, and do not limit myself to a device
and 5252 the high-resistance shunts of negli in which the circuit is totally interrupted by
gible Self-induction. the action of the leotone.
In Figs. 13 and 14 and 18 to 22 have shown, instead of generating the requisite electrical 75
for the sake of simplicity in illustrating the Vibrations in the first instance by interrupting
IO main principles of the invention, a, single pri
electrical circuits We might generate them by
mary controlled by each of the rheotomes. vibrating ol' rotating inductive bodies in the
A better construction, however, and the one presence of circuits or circuits in the presence
which I have used, is to employ two primaries of inductive bodies. We might, for example, So
connected in such a way that the current is substitute for each of the rheotome-cylinders
admitted into one as it is cut off from the (or, indeed, for each of the sets of insulating
other and circulates through the two coils in and conducting sections ppp., &c., belong
Opposite directions. The arrangement is illus ing to a rheotome-cylinder) a suitable alter
trated diagrammatically in the detail view, nating-current generator so constructed and
Fig. 11", in which two primary coils S and s' arranged that it makes a number of current
2?
are connected with the key-controlled con vibrations in a second equal to the number
ducting-wire r, leading through the key, (see of vibrations per second of the note for which
Fig. 13,) to one pole of the dynamo, whose it stands. One such device is illustrated in
other pole is connected with the rheotome one of the drawings of a prior application of 9 O
cylinder, one of said coils being connected mine for Lettel's Patent for an art of and ap
25 with the brush or brushes , lying on one side paratus for generating and distributing music
of the rheotone-cylinder, and the other coil electrically, filed in the United States Patent
being connected with the brush or brushes n, Office on August 10, 1895, Serial No. 55S,939,
lying on the other side of said rheotome-cyl and I have designed others. I wish it to be un 95
inder, the two brushes or sets of brushes be derstood, therefore, that alternating-current
ing arranged in Such a manner that when one generators, as above mentioned, might be used
bears on a conducting-section of the rheo in carrying out much of my present invention
tone-cylinder the other bears on an insulat instead of the arrangement of rheotomes here
ing-section thereof, and the connections be in described. The important point is the se ?. ? ?
ing made in such a manner that the current ries of coils or circuits with the controlling
35 circulates in opposite directions in the two devices and suitable means, whether rheo
coils S and S'. The secondary coil S' is dis tones or alternating - current dynamos, for
posed in inductive relation to the two pri generating the requisite electrical vibrations
maries S and S'. This arrangement gives a in the coils. The arrangement of rheotome I O5
much greater current output for the total devices consider most convenient and eco
Weight of iron and copper used than the com nomical, at least for Small installations; but
mon form of inductorium having a single pri in some situations and in some portions, at
mary, and I consider it decidedly better for least, of the compass the arrangement of al
practical use. ternating-current dynamos, as above meln (d
A. rheotome device is ordinarily so con tioned, might be used instead. It will be un
45 structed that it interrupts the circuit com derstood, therefore, that while Iconsider rheo
pletely, or at least as nearly completely as tomes the most convenient means of generat
possible; but I do not understand that a de ing the electrical vibrations in the coils they
Vice to be a rheotome must necessarily inter are not the only means that may be used for I I5
rupt the circuit completely. Not all that I that purpose in the carrying out of my inven
have constructed are of that sort, and I do not tion.
use the word “rheotome’ in this specification I prefer to use rotatory rheotomes; but vi
as meaning only or necessarily a device which bratory rheotomes are well known to electri
interrupts the current completely or totally, cians, and the better kinds of them might
but simply as one which produces periodic doubtless be used, at least in Small installa
55 current-vibrations therein by throwing resist tions and in the lowel compass, in carrying
ance into the circuit and cutting it out of it. out my invention, instead of the rotatory rheo
A device adapted to do this gradually and tones, which I prefer; and I wish it to be un
Without any total interruption of the circuit, derstood that when I speak in the statement I 25
consisting, essentially, of conducting-pieces of claim of a rheotome’ or rheotones’ or
rotating with relation to other conducting a rheotone device o' rheotone devices’
pieces in a vessel filled with a conducting fluid, or “rheotome mechanism, without limiting
is illustrated in the before-mentioned pending the words in the claim to any particular con
application, Serial No. 55S,939, filed August struction of rheotonne, I use su clh words in
10, 1895, and is one sort of rheotone device. I the broad sense.
consider the form of device herein illustrated, Obviously, instead of rotating the conduct
however, as more serviceable, and only refer ing and insulating sections of the rheotome
here to the other so that it will be understood ! and holding the brushes still We might rotate
4. 580,035
the brushes and hold the insulating and con serves to give the second partial of the note an
ducting Sections at rest. In either case it octave below, another' to give the third partial
Would be a rotatory rheotome. I consider it, of the note a twelfth below, another to give the 7 O
more convenient to rotate the insulating and fourth partial of the note two octaves below,
Conducting sections and hold the brushes at &c. This is the general idea of the construc
rest, and have employed this mode in prac tion, which being fully described in the be
tice; but I wish it to be understood that I do fore - mentioned application of August 10,
not limit myself to it, since the reverse mode 1895, it would be a waste of time to describe 75
lmight be employed. at length here. It formas a part of the sub
The principal advantages of my construc ject-mattei of the prior application all) ove
tion of rotatory rheotomes are (C) the good mentioned, and I only refer to it here so that
ness of the tones which they give in compari it will be understood that a plurality of theo
Son with those ordinarily given by vibratory tomes giving lifeleit artials of a tone, Ol' a So
l’heotomes, my arrangement of rheotome cyl plurality of rotatory 'ate-governor's (whethe'
inder and brushes being free from the shock these be rheotomes Ol' inot) joining clifferent,
and resulting irregular vibrations which not partials of a tone, lìay bo Irheot;Ohì eS 01' lìay }}6.
infrequently attend the arresting of the wi rotatory late-governo's each of which serves
brating spring by the fixed contact-screw in to give a different ground tone, aid so that it
a vibratory - rheotome device; (b) the great will be clearly understood that when in the
2 ? power of these devices in comparison with a statement of claim at the eind of this speci?i
Vibratory-rheotone device, which results from cation speak of a “plurality of rheotones,”
the large contact-surfaces of the rotating cyl or of a “plurality of rheotone devices,” or
inder and brushes in comparison with the of a “plurality of rotatory 'ate-governor's,”
Small contact-surface of the vibrating spring serving to give Ol' all anged so that they give
25 and fixed contact-screw of the vibratory rheo clifferent partial tones of a note, Ol' use any
tone, and (c) the perfect tuning of the rota other similar language, or ally language of
tory rheotomes, resulting from and inherent similar import, without narrowing it in the
in their construction, and (d) less difficulty claim to the particular construction of a 1'-
from Sparks and capacity to handle currents l'angement of the l’heoto}} es or of the rotatory
of much, higher voltage. rate-governors, i do mot linit myself to the
The rotatory rheotomes, moving at a high arrangement of rheotomes figured in the
velocity, “shear of the sparks in a way drawings, in which the rheotone O' the rota
which is impossible with a vibratory leo tory rate-governor that serves to give a pil 1'-
tolme, and can thus handle easily currents ticular partial for any note selves for that
35 which would establish destructive arcs with partial of that note only.
a Vibratorylheotome. From the causes above By the construction illustrated in the draw
lmentioned and other's it results that a suit ings the difference in pitch of any two notes
able rotatory-rheotome device can handle cur in the Salne Octave, l'eckolling the Octave
rents enormously more powerful than can be from a C to the 3 above it, is made wholly by
4O handled by a vibratory rheotome. This is the differe:) t angularº velocities given to the
especially true in the higher part of the con corresponding pitch-shafts. Thus, to illus
paSS. trate by a in example, ahy rheotome-cylinder
In the drawings I show a set of insulating standling for a G (lifer's im pitch from the IO
and conducting sections, as p', for the ground corresponding rheotome standing for the C
45 tone, and other sets, as pip, &c., for the over below it, only because the pitch-shaft (y bºulins
tones. This construction has important ad almost once and a half as fast as the pitch
Vantages, but it is necessarily somewhat ex shaft c. Obviously, lhowever, te rheoltOmnes
pensive. A different arrangement, which re carried by some of the pitcli-sla?ts, as, for II.5
quires bout a single set of rheotomes or a sinn - example, the pitch-shaft (1, might be made
gle set of rotatory rate-governors (whether with a larger number of insulating and con
these be rheotomes or not) answering to the ducting sections than the corresponding rheo
ground tones for the whole compass of the tone-cylinders carried by other pitch-shafts,
instrument, and by which the same rheotome as, for example, those carried by the pitch
or the same rotatory rate-governor that serves shaft c, so that with smaller difference in the
for the ground tone of one note serves for the angular velocities of the pitch - shafts the
second partial of the note an octave below, requisite differences in the pitch of the 'leo
for the third partial of the note a twelfth be tome-cylinders carried by them inmiglt be ob
low, for the fourth partial of the note two tained. It is not important which node is
octaves below, &c., is illustrated and fully follo YYed.
?? described and claimed in the before - men The rheotone-cylinders 2, 4, S, 16, 32, (3-1,
tioned prior application, Serial No. 558,939, and 12S, corresponding to diferent octavos,
filed August 10, 1895. The arrangement is are illustrated in most of the drawings as of
such that each rheotome or each rotatory late the samo size. The Views are to a great CN
governor controls a plurality of circuits, one tent diagrahmatic and on account of the
of which serves to give the ground tone of multiplicity of the parts figured somewhat
the ihote for YY?lhich Such rheOtOime O]* Sulcha r?-O— camped, so that it is not practicable to illus
tatory rate-governor stands, another of which trate the sizes of parts. In fact, howeve)', as
580,085
will be readily understood, the rheotome-cyl ducting sections in their ground-tone sets )
inders, as 24 S, standing for the lower notes p' than the numbers with which such cylin
and having a small number of insulating and ders are marked in the dra Wings, so that the 7O
conducting sections only in comparison with pitch-shafts will have much lower angular
the rheotome-cylinders which stand for high velocities and the slip of the belts be made as
notes can be made inluch. Sinaller than the Sinhall as possible, Ol' So Small, at least, as to
rheotome - cylinders which stand for high be of no consequence. It is not, however, it
notes. The higher rheotome-cylinders ought should be understood, in dispensable that the 75
in fact to gradually increase in diameter, a actual slip of any belt be negligible. It is
IO fact, which appears to SDme extent in Fig. 7. only necessary that the differences in rate of
So, also, those portions of a rheotome-cylinder slip of the different belts driving the different
which stand for overtones, particularly the pitch-shafts should be practically negligible,
higher overtones, may be made larger, and, for it is the differences in the rate of slip So
indeed, in the higher notes should, for con which tent to throw the notes out of tune.
venience sake, be made larger than the por The fact that the pitch-shafts always all of
tions which serve for the ground tone. them run light, makes it easier to avoid trou
In the drawings I illustra to a set of rheo ble from differences in slip than it would be
tome-cylinders giving the notes of the scale if the shafts carried loads, especially varying
through seven Octaves, say from three oc loads.
2 ? taves below middle C to four octaves, lacking By a “rotatory rate-governor,” as the term
one semitone, above it. Very obviously, it is used in this specification and in the State
is not necessary to the producing of much of lment of claim at the end hereof, I mean a ro
the very best music that the series should ex ating body which serves by its rotatory move
tend so far up. Organ music, for example, ment to govern the frequency of the vibra
25 is seldon written above the F or the A two tions. A rotatOi?y rheOtOmme is OIne So]'t of 1?O
octaves and a fraction above middle C, and tatory rate-governor. The armature or other
the same is true of violin music and of much l'otating part or parts of an alternating-cur
music Written for the pianoforte. On the rent generator is another sort of rotatory 95
Other hand, Organ-pipes are sometimes made late-governor. In each case the frequency
to give tones four octaves below middle C. of the vibrations produced depends upon and
It will be understood, therefore, that, instead varies with the rapidity of rotation. In the be
of making the cylinder marked 16, carried by fore-mentioned prior application, Serial No.
the pitch-shaft c, give middle C, the whole 558,939, filed August 10, 1895, rotatory rate ? ? ?
set of pitch-shafts may, if desired, be run so governors are shown which are in effect alter
much slower that such cylinder 16, carried by nating-current generators, or rather the ar'-
Said pitch-shaft c, Will give the Can octave matures thelreof.
below middle C, or will give any other lower A feature of some importance in my pres
note desired. All this is obvious. ent invention relates to the arrangement of
In the drawings the rheotome-cylinders 2, the rotatory rate-governor's in such a man
4, 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128 are represented, for ner, as herein before pointed out, that perfect
convenience sake, as having, respectively, two, tuning is readily secured and maintained.
four, eight, sixteen, thirty-two, sixty-four, and Thus by placing the sets of insulating and
one hundred and twenty-eight conducting conducting sections p' p” p” p', & c., which II. ?
sections (and of course an equal number of correspond to different partials of the same
insulating-sections) in their ground-tone sets note upon the same shaft I insure that they
p' p', & c. Giving these numbers of insulat shall always be in absolutely perfect accord
ing and conducting sections to the ground ance, even to the phase 'elations; and So,
tone sets of the different rheotome-cylinders also, by putting the octaves of a note on the I 5
2, 4, S, 16, 32, 64, and 12S, it becomes necessary same shaft insure that the octaves shall be
to rotate the pitch-shaft c, as before stated, always in absolutely perfect tune. Thus
with a yelocity of about nine hundred and those intervals which most readily betray any
sixty revolutions per minute in order to get want of truth are kept always perfectly true.
middle C from the rheotome-cylinder 16, car They have, indeed, a degree of truth which
ried by the pitch-shaft c, and the other pitch it is not possible to maintain in any piano
55 shafts would require even higher velocities, forte or organ of the usual sort, and by giving
At such high speeds the slip of the belts would different rate-governor's different angular ve
be liable to be troublesome. Moreover, such locities I make it, possible to produce the notes
high speeds would tend to wear all the parts. perfectly tuned, in equal temperament or in
Practically, therefore, it will be understood any other tempel'ament, With a moderate mulm
that if it be desired to produce middle C from ber of insulating and conducting sections in
the rheotome-cylinder 16, carried by the pitch each late-governor; and my whole series of
shaft c, then the diffei'ent rheotome-cylinders rotatory rate-govel'no's are arranged in such
before mentioned (marked, respectively, 2, 4, a manner in the prefered construction, it 130
S, 16, 32, G4, and 12S) should, to secure the will be observed, that by tuning twelve
most Satisfactory results, have each a much notes, to wit, one on each pitch-shaft, all the
larger number, aS, say, for example, si N, eight, notes of the instrument, ground-tones and
or ten times as many, of insulating and con overtones alike, are at once brought into the
580,035
most perfect tume which ega temperament vibrations is not indispensable to the Cal''y'-
admits. All these features in connection ing out of important portions of my in Ven
with the arrangement of rheotomes Serving tion. We can omit, for example, the circuits
as rate-governors are etually applicable to S' T', ST, &c., and cause the coils S's s”,
armatures or to any other rotating bodies &c., to act directly on the circuits lit', lai',
serving as rate-governor's. &c., as illustrated diagrammatically in Fig
Jºey (l'îl:S (IS to the electi'iccil Cin'Catils.—The IS, or we may omit also the circuits it at', i.
purifying of the electrical tones, the combin at?, &c., and cause the coils S'ss, &c., to act 75
ing of them, and the governing of their power directly upon the coils U U U, &c., as in
? ? So as to give facility for correct musical ex Fig. 19; and so far as certain important por
pression are all important parts of my pl’es tions of my invention are concerned not only
ent invention, each of which may beft ther the circuits S'T', ST, &c., and t at', lat',
explained with advantage. &c., can be omitted, but the coils U U, &c.,
I purify the electrical tones, it will be re may be omitted also, the coil V being placed
membered, in my preferred form of appa in circuit with the coils S'S', &c., as illus
ratus by successive inductive transfer’s, SO trated diagrammatically in Fig. 21, SO that
that the abrupt and harsh electrical vibra whatever current pulses through any of the
tions in the rheotome-interrupted circuits be coils s', S', s, S', S', or S pulses also through
come smooth and round before they are com the coil W.; or, omitting the loudness-control
2C) municated to the vibration - translating de ling device, the wiress', S', S', S', S', and is
vices. It is not necessary, however, to use a might be connected directly with the coil V.
great number of inductive transfe's. A Such an arrangement, however, Would have
greater or less number may be employed than the disadvantage of throwing less agreeable
are made by the apparatus illustrated in Figs. tones upon the line-wire W. For the samle
25 3 and 1:... Each inductive transfel has a strength of current in the rheotome-inter
tendency to purify the tone transferred and rupted circuits s' s s”, &c., the devices of
by three or four successive inductive trans Fig. 21 produce louder sounds, and the de
fers a very hairsh tone may be made to be vices of Figs. 13 and LS more musical and 95
(uite round and smooth; but each inductive agreeable tones. ?
transfer has the effect of weakening the tone In purifying the tones it is very advanta
transferred, and for this reason it is not (le geous to employ different tone-purifying de
sirable to transfer the vibrations from circuit, vices for different tones, for it is thus DOSSi
to circuit a great number of times. The tone ble to adapt each tone-purifying de Vice elec
purifying action of the tone-purifying device trically in respect of its self-induction, &c.,
35 depends upon the fact that where there is a so that it purifies to the best advantage the
sensible amount of Self-induction in a circuit tone or tones for which it serves. In FigS. 13,
and a periodic electromotive force, not re 14, 18, and 20 a separate tone-purifying de
ducible to a single sine function, producing Vice is illustrated for each. Sepalate tOllC. JO
vibratory currents in such circuit, the self-in This I consider the best Way"; but at the Sahne
duction of the circuit producing counter-elec time it is somewhat expensive. It is not in
tromotive force therein causes the vibratory dispensable, however, to have as many tone
currents therein to approximate more nearly purifying devices as there are tones to be
to sine fullnctions than the vibrations of elec purified, nor is it necessary to employ a dif
troimotive force do from which the currentS ferent tone-purifying device for every differ
45 result. In other Words, the self-induction of ent tone. Tones which lie close together in
the circuit damps down the higher compo pitch may be purified together and those
nonts of the vibrations much more than the which lie far apart in pitch may be purified
fundamental or gro Cund-tone component, and separately, and one tone-purifying device II
the greater the self-induction of the circuit, may be made to serve for a plurality of tones
other things being equal, the more nearly do and another tone-purifying device fol' al
the Current-vibrations approximate to sine other tone or plurality of tones, the different
functions-in other words, to pulle tones; devices serving for tones of different pitches.
and when electrical vibrations are transferred A device of this sort is illustrated in Fig. 22,
by induction from circuit to circuit with each in which the first-partial is pull fied by itself
55 inductive transfer the ground-tone compo alone, the second and third partials are puri
ment and the overtone components of the vi fied together, but separate from the other par
brations are weakened different degrees, the tials, and the fourth, fifth, and siNth partials
Overtones, particularly the high overtones, are purified together, but separate from the
being Weakened very much more than the lower partials. The circuits ST" and t at' in
?? ground-tone if a Sufficient self-induction is said figure serve to purify the tone first gener
given to the circuit, so that a few such in ated in the rheotome-interrupted circuits', be
ductive transfers have the effect of almost, ing first-partial vibrations. The circuits S'
completely weeding out the high and disa Tè and tº nuº purify the tones generated in the
greeable overtones, while weakening the rheotome-interrupted circuits s and s”, be
ground-tone to a very much less extent. ing the second and third partials, and the cil'-
As before said, a multiplicity or even a plu cuits St T4 and li at serve to purify the tones
rality of successive inductive transfers of the generated in the rheotome-interrupted cir
580,035
cuits S', S', and S', being the fourth, fifth, and even whole tones apart, but it will not serve
sixth partials. This modification has the ad to SO good advantage for tones far apart in
Vantage of Somewhat greater cheapness of the scale. The exception is the case of a coil 7?
construction, but it is less perfect in opera having a resistance very high in comparison
tion, especially if the same tone-purifying de With its self-induction. Such a coil is, how
vice be used to purify tones which stand far ever, ill adapted to use in an inductorium,
apart in pitch, for when the same tone-puri its current output being cut down by the high
fying device is used for partials or for other resistance. 75
tones standing far apart in pitch the device To obtain the best l'esults I do as set forth
? tends to weaken the high tones too much in ilu the paragraph following, to-wit: Talking
purifying the low tones sufficiently, or if it the Seities of rheotome-interrupted circuits s'
does not Weaken the high tones it leaves the S'S'', ans Wering to the ground-tones of notes,
low tones insufficiently purified. I give the coils in the lower part of the com So
Obviously with such a modification as that pass such a number of turns of wire and such
illustrated in Fig. 22, instead of using a, plu sizes of laminated iron cores-in other words,
rality of coiled wires sands a single primary Such announts of self-induction-as will for
coil might be used, suitable resistances being the current used give the maximum effect on
interposed between such coil and the two the tone-purifying circuits S'T', arranged in
brushes or sets of brushes n, n, controlling it inductive relation to said coils s' S', &c.
2 ? and corresponding, respectively, with the sets Ascending the scale decrease with each coil
of insulating and conducting sections p° and the amount of self-induction given to it, so
p', and in like manner a single primary coil, as to keep the loudness of the tones constant.
with the necessary resistances in the differ In ascending the scale decrease the size of 9O
ent branch circuits, might be used instead of the iron cores. They may, indeed, be wholly
25 the coils S', s, and s', Fig. 22. omitted, especially in the higher parts of the
. The vibrations may be communicated from compass. To each of the closed circuits, as
the different coils illustrated in the drawings S'T' it', used for tone-purifying, I give such
to the line-circuit and to the vibration-trans an amount of self-induction as will have the 95
lating devices in other ways than as herein effect of suppressing the higher overtones to
described. I consider the arrangement, herein a much greater extent than the fundamental
described for communicating vibrations from is suppressed. A fair rule to follow to secure
the coils in which they are generated to the this result is to make the product of the angu
Vibration-translating devices as good as any, lar velocity of the vibrations of the note for I OO
but I do not limit myself to them. Other ways which the coil serves, (to wit, the quantity
35 are known. Several other ways are described sometimes designated by electricians as “a) '
in the before-mentioned pending application, and sometimes as “27 Jr.,’’) multiplied by the
Serial No. 558,939, filed August 10, 1895. 1 effective self-induction of the circuit to which
shall refer to one or two modifications only said coil belongs, equal to the resistance of said I o5
out of many possible ones. Instead of con circuit. It is well known that a circuit consti
necting the coils U, U3, U8, U1, U, and U in tuting the primary of an inductorium and hav
series with each other and with the coil W ing a given self-induction when no current
they may be arranged in parallel with each flows in the secondary acts electrically as if it
other and in series with the coil W, as illus had a less amount of self-induction when cur I IO
trated diagrammatically in Fig. 20, in which rents flow in its secondary. The currents gen
45 case, to secure the best effects, the resistance erated in the secondary have, it is Well known,
and inductance of each of the coils U", U*, U, the effect of practically reducing or counter
U, U, and U should be much greater than acting the self-induction of the primary cir
that of the coil W. So, also, it will be obvious cuit. By the term '' effective self-induction,
that, omitting the coil W' and omitting or as above used, I refer to the net or practical
modifying the vibration-amplitude-govern self-induction of the circuit, the influence of
ing device, the set of coils U'. U, U8, U, U. neighboring circuits in inductive relation to
and U may be connected directly with the it and in which currents flow in reducing or
line, one terminal of such coils being coln counteracting the self-induction of the circuit I2 ?
nected, for example, with the contact-piece first mentioned being taken into account;
55 7", belonging to the corresponding key, and but it is not necessary to follow the rule above
the other terminal of such coils being con given, nor, indeed, any other hard and fast
nected with the Wire W. rule, to obtain a Substantial tone-purifying
An important feature of my invention re effect from tone-purifying devices of the kind I 25
lates to the generating of the different elec illustrated in the drawings. The tone-puri
trical tones in different closed circuits, each fying effect will be heightened, within certain
peculiarly adapted to the generating of that limits, by increasing the effective self-induc
tone or those tones for which it stands. Í tion with relation to the resistance. It will be
have found that every coil is better adapted heightened also by increasing the number of
to generating tones of some particular pitch successive inductive transfers; but the cur.
than it is to generating tones of a pitch much rent output is somewhat reduced by these
higher or much lower. A coil will serve well GalS.
for generating tones several half-tones or What applies to the sets of circuits S', S'
580,035 i:
tions, and modifications will be found illus in this specification I use the Word “vibra
trated in the other case before mentioned, Se tions’ as a broad term, including both pull
rial No. 558,939, filed August 10, 1895. sations and undulations. 7O
I use the terms “ common receivel’ and In various places in this specification, and
“common-receiver vibration-translating de particularly in the statement of claim at the
vice’ synonolmously in this specification. end hereof, I speak of “electrical-vibration
By a ** common receiver” ora ** common-re circuits’ and in othel's of '' electrical-undu
ceiver vibration-translating device’ I mean a lation circuits’ and in still othel's of “Cur
“device capable of translating electrical vi rent- undulation circuits.
O brations of different pitches into audible Wi By an “electrical-vibration circuit,' I mean
brations.’ I use the term “common receiver a “circuit in which electical vibrations are
or “common-receiver vibration - translating caused or produced, and by an “electrical
device by way of contradistinction to tuned un du lation circuit*or a *current-tundulation So
or monotone receivers, which are capable only circuit,' I mean a “circuit, in which electrical
of translating each the note to which it is undulations are caused or produced.’
tuned. Various forms of common-receiver Wi By a “vibration-generating device,” or a
bration-translating devices are known to clec “vibration-generator,” as the term is used in
tricians. All receiving-telephones capable of this specification, I mean a “device serving to 85
translating electrical vibrations correspond produce or cause the production of electrical
ing to speech into audible speech-vibrations vibrations, and by an “undulation-generat
are common receivers, and a device may be a ing device,” or an “electrical- undulation
common receiver so far as translating mu generating device, or a current - undula
sical electrical vibrations is concerned, though tion - generating device, and other similar 9 O
it be not sufficiently sensitive to properly tems, as the same are used in this specifical
25 translate speech-vibrations. tion, I mean a “device serving to produce or
In various places in this specification cause the production of electrical undula
speak of a “common supply-circuit” in a mu tions,” and by an “inductional undulation
sic-distributing system. generating device,” or an “inductional un 95
lBy a “ common supply-circuit” I mean a dulation-generator, I mean a “device serv
“circuit, which serves to supply vibrations to ing to produce or cause the production of elec
a plurality of vibration-translating devices trical undulations by induction.’
disposed in different places.’ The common What I mean by a “rheotome” and what I
supply-circuit may be a line connected di aean by a “rotatory rate-governor' has al ? ? ?
rectly with the vibration-translating devices, ready been explained.
35 as illustrated in the drawings, or it may be, In various places in this specification, and
as before pointed out, a circuit connected particularly in the statement of claim at the
with the vibration-translating devices only end hereof. I speak of “tone-purifying de
through inductive apparatus. vices. I3y a “toine-purifying device I mean
In various places in this specification, and a. * device adapted and arranged to alter the
particularly in the statement of claim at the wave forms of electrical vibrations, assimilat
end hereof, I speak of “feeding-coils forming ing them more or less to the sine form by elimi
parallel branches to the common supply-cir nating, suppressing, Weakening, or excluding
cuit.’ in a greater or less degree the higher harmonic O
By “feeding-coils” I mean “coils which components of the vibrations.” The device
45 serve to supply or feed vibrations to the coin which I have illustrated for this purpose in
mon supply-circuit.” the drawings, acting to purify the vibrations
In various places in this specification 1 by inductive transfers, I consider as good as
speak of a “keyboard of pitch-key’s.’ any, but other forms of device known to elec
By a “keyboard of pitch-keys' I mean a tricians may doubtless be substituted for that
** keyboard whose keys serve to control the shown in the drawings.
production of tones of different pitches be in various places in this specification, and
longing to a musical scale and to afford fa particularly in the statement of claim at the
cility to the performer to produce a tune by end hereof, speak of a set of parts, as a
their manipulation.’ I prefer to use a key “set of circuits, a “set of coils,” a “set of
55 board like that of a pianoforte, but any suit vibration-generating devices, a “set of rheo
able form of keyboard whatever may be used. tomes,´a ** set of rotatory rate-governors, * a
In this specification I speak sometimes of “set of composite-tone-generating devices,
electrical vibrations’ and sometimes of &c. I do not mean by the word “set in 2 5
**electrical Undlulations.” Electrical und such phrases to limit myself to the particular
lations accompany gradual changes of po number of parts (whether circuits, coils, rheo
tential. Electrical pulsations accompany or tones, rate - governors, &c.) shown for each
are produced by violent changes of potential. octave or for the whole instrument in the
The rheotomes illustrated in the drawings accompanying drawings, but by the Word
produce pulsations in the circuits s' SSS', “set in such phrases I mean a sufficient
&c., and these pulsations produce by induc number to produce, with the other parts of
tion electrical undulations in the circuits the apparatus, a practical musical effect in
s'T', S2 T2, ST, Si Ti, &c.
? ?? ? : * ?r
generating a tune electrically.
:: 33C 935
In Various places in this specification, and vibrations, undulations, or tOnes, or Serve si

particularly in the Statement of claim at the Im tilitab meOutsiy to p:"O (lu (20e vibr':tions, Ulundullah
end hereof, I speak of “current-regulator ex tions, Ol' Ones having frequencies correspond
pression mechanism. By “ current - regula ing to different palitials Ol' components of the
tor eXpression mechanismº 1 in ean “lech Same COInposite tone Whon they produCC their
anism seu' ving to govern tle eXpression of a respective \ibrations so close together in point
musical composition by regulating an elec of time that they appear to tlhe ear to be pro
trical Cullºrent Or. Currents.” du Ced at the Salme tinue.
I have showl in the drawings the form of in various places in this specification, and
current - regulator expression mechanism articularly in the statement of claim at the
WYhic I COinSidler oest for an electivical in sic ond hereof, i speak of a "muliiplicity” ofparts,
generating instrument, assimilated to a pi as a “multiplicity of circuits, a “multiplic
anoforte, but other electrical devices might, ity of electrical-vibration circuits,” a “mul
as before Said, be substituted for that shown tiplicity of electrical - undulation circuits,
in the dira, Wings as general equivalents thelºre a in ultiplicity of Vibiation - generating de
Of, in those of the combinations herein after vices,” a “ in ultiplicity of rheotomes, a “ multi
claimed, which contain current-regulator ox plicity of rotatory late-govelino's, a “multi
pression mechanism as one element of the plicity of coils,’ &c. By the word “multiplic
Combination, without being limited to the ity in Such and all similar phrases I refer to a
particular kind of current-regulator expres “jauna ber of parts of the kind mentioned more
sion inechanism illust'ated in the drawings. than a bare plurality,” (that is, more than
Several such are fully described in connection two, ) }) ut I do lot limit Ol' 'estrict myself by
With the appa, ratus of the other crase before the word “multiplicity, I wish it to be under
mentioned, No. 558,939, filed August 10, 1895. St00d, to a large in line Of parts. A number
25 In Several places in this specification I of circuits, or of coils, Ol' of vibration-generat
Speak in the same context of a vibration ing devices, or of theotomes, or of rotatory
cmitting circuit” and a “vibration-receiving rate - govel'no's, &c., corresponding to the
circuit, forming parts of the expression notes of the diatonic Scale through a single 95
mechanism. I mean by this language two Octave, would be a “multiplicity in the
circuits, Oine of which gives of vibrations in sense in which i u se the word in this specifi
ductively to the other, and the circuit, which cation, aind e Veh a Smaller number Of parts,
gives of the vibrations is the vibration-emit being more than a bai'e plurality, and being
ting circuit, and the circuit winich receives Sufficient with the Other parts of the appara
Vibrations inductively the of rom is the vibra tus to produce a practical musical efect in
35 tion-receiving circuit. generating a tillne electrically, would be a
In many places in the statement of claim multiplicity, in the sense in which I use
at the end hereOf I speak in various forms of that wou'd ill this specification.
Words of, in effect, “generating or producing In Vairious places in this spocification, and O
simultaneously electrical vibrations or elec particularly in the Statement of claim at the
AO trical llindtilations, having frequencies cor eind hereof, ISpeak of “different rotatory rate
responding to different partials or compo governor's being rotated with different angu
nemtš of the Salme Composite tone,” andi lai? W (elocities,? Oi? of ?? (dif?lferent }?a.t.e-gOVeI`InOI"S
Other places speak, in effect, of vibration lhaving different angularº velocities,” or of I
generating devices,” or “undulation-gener “driving incchanisin,” “whereby different
45 ating devices,” or “ “ rheotones,” o “ “ rotatory late-govel'nor's are given different angular ve
rate-governors, or “circuits, or “coils, or locities. By Such phrases aid similai' expes
** means, or * devices,’ whatever the names Sions, I wish it to be distinctly understood, I
employed may be, “Serving simultaneously, do not limit myself to giving to every differ
Ol' acting simultaneously, or operating simul ent rate-governor a different angular velocity.
talleously to produce Villations or undula An inspection of the drawings, indeed, will
tions having frequencies corresponding to 1)make this point clear. Fou' llun l’edl and
differenti partials or components of the Same thirty-two rate-govermors are shown in the
composite tone.” IBy the Word “simultane drawings, which are driven at twelve differ
Ously, as thus used, l'efer to practical or ent angular Velocities, thirty-six rate-govern
Substantial simultaneousness rather than to Ol's being driven at each of these twelve
mathematical simultaneousness, and in the speeds; but so many as twelve different all
sense in which use the word “simultane gular Velocities are by no means indispensa
Ously in the phrases above mentioned and ble. A much smallel' inlijnber may in fact be 2
in other similar phrases, undulations, vibra used. The esse Intial point, is to employ dif
tions, partial toiles, or components of a tone ferent angular Velocities, so as to obtain by
are produced simultaneously when they are the combination of the different angular ve
produced SO close together in point of time locities with the number of vibrations pro
that they appear to the ear to be produced duced to a revolution by the different late-gov
simultaneously, and vibration-generating de el'n Ol's the proper pitch for each note instead
vices, undulation - generating devices, rheo of attempting to pl"Odco the necessaly diffel'-
tomes, rotatory rate-governon's, circuits, coils, ences in pitch wholly by the different num
or other parts act simultaneously to produce bel's of insulating and conducting sections
580,085 21.
given to the different rheotomes, all 'evolved speak of a “plurality of circuits,” or of a

at the same angular velocity, as has been ** multiplicity of circuits, or of “producing
attempted heretofore in Sostenuto devices. differen ti villorations in different circuitS.” In 7 O
So when I speak in the statement of claim the sense in which I use the language in this
of “different tone-purifying devices, serving Specification and in the statement of claim at
for the purifying of tones of different pitches, the end hereof circuits are different which
or of “different tone-purifying devices, serv have a common return portion, or a common
ing for the purifying of different partial conducting portion, as well as those which 75
tones,' or use other similar expressions or have no portion in common. Thus, to illus
O eXpressions of similar import, I do not mean trate what I mean, the rheotome-interrupted
to restrict. or limit myself, I wish it to be un circuits s', S', S', S', S', and s', serving for a note,
del'stood, to a construction in which there is (see, for example, Fig. 18,) are distinct and
a different tone-purifying device for every different circuits, although they have certain So
different note, for, as has already been made portions in common, and the coils U", U, U.
clear, that is not necessary. The main point UT", U*, and Uº in Fig. 20 constitute distinct
is to purify each tone by a device electrically and different circuits in the sense in which I
adapted to purify such tone properly, and as use the language in this specification, al
tones differing widely in pitch require dif though their currents have a common return
ferent adjustments of the tone-purifying de path through the coil V as much as the cir
2? vices to produce the proper effects of purifi cuits ' ', tº luº, dº tiº, &c., which have no com
cation upon them it becomes important to mon return nor any other part in common.
use different devices for tones standing far The chief benefits resulting from producing
apart in pitch, but tones lying close together different tones in different circuits are, (c) 9 O
in pitch can be purified by the same device. that it thus becomes possible to adjust the
25
On the other hand, when in the statement of different circuits electrically to the pitch of
claim I Speak of “Separate tone-purifying the tone or tones for which each circuit, serves;
devices for the separate notes’ I mean, as (b) much better facilities are afforded for
the use of the article naturally indicates, a building up composite vibrations, and (c) 95
“diferent tone-purifying de vice foreach dif with different circuits for different tones we
ferent note.’ can, by acting upon the different circuits
In Various places in this specification I separately, govern the tones produced in each
Speak of “a plurality of circuits correspond circuit independently, and thus produce any
ing to different partials of the same composite ensemble of tones desired. All these adval I OO
tone,’ and of “a plurality of circuits corre tages belong as well to the arrangement in
35 sponding, respectively, to different partials of which the different circuits have a common
the same composite tone,” and of “a plural return or other conducting portion in con
ity of coils corresponding, respectively, todif mon as to one in which each circuit is entirely
ferent partials of the same composite tone,” un connected with the Others.
and of “producing (or producing by induc In various places in this specification I I OS
tion) in different circuits (or in different speak of “different rate-governors having
closed circuits) or in different coils electrical or being given different angular velocities;
vibrations or electrical undulations corre of “different” tone-purifying devices serving
sponding to different partials or to different for different tones; of producing “different,’ IO
partial tones or to different partials of the tones in different circuits, &c. By the adjec
45 Same Composite tone.” tive “different in such and similar phrases
ly the above eXpressions and all similar ex I mean to refer to being distinct, to not being
pressions, I wish it to be understood, I do not the same, and I do not mean to imply dissimi
limit myself to employing a separate circuit larity. Thus in the drawings the different
or a separate coil for each different partial pitch-shafts which have with their rotatory I 15
tone, for a plurality of circuits or of coils rate - governor's different angular velocities
may be used, serving each for a different par are preferably made to be exactly alike.
tial or for different partials, and a plurality They are only different, as illustrated in the
of partials may be produced in one or more drawings, by reason of being distinct, sepa I 2 ?
of the coils or of the circuits which serve for rate, not the same, though, of course, they
different partials, as illustrated, for example, might well be made dissimilar also. In like
in Fig. 22, in which, of the three different cir manner the different circuits in which differ
cuits S' T', Sº Tº, and S4. T4, which ser ve for ent tones are produced may either be similal'
different partial tones, the circuit. S'T' serves or dissimilar, but the difference which I refer
for the first partial vibration-generator only,
?? While the circuit ST serves for the second to by the word “different” applied in the
claims to su clh circuitS is that difference
and third partials, and the circuit ST serves which results from being distinct, from not
for the fourth, fifth, and sixth partials. The being the same. So with the different tone
three circuits, however, it will be observed, purifying devices. These may be similar or
serve for and correspond to different partials, they may be dissimilar, but so long as they
and diferent partialsare produced in the dif are distinct, and not the same they are “dif
ferent circuits. ferent” in the sense in which I use the word.
In various places in this specification I By a “composite tone,” as the term is used
580,035
in this specification and in the statement of nents of a composite sound and may be either
claim at the end hereof, I mean a “sound con (Ca) a composite tone, mot being a chol'd, Ol' (lo)
sisting ofa plurality of partials,”together con a chord or a discord, consisting either of coll
stituting what musicians consider and desig posite or of non-composite notes.
nate as a “note’ in contradistinction to a in various places in this specification, and
chord. A note is a simple note when its vibra particularly in the statement of claim at the
tions constitute a single sinusoidal series. It end hereof, is peak of “producing differentse
is a composite tone or a composite note when ries Of Vibrations Olº undlutions in di??eren,
its vibrations consist, in effect, of a plurality circuits. The series of vibrations thus pro 75
O of sinusoidal series bearing certain simple duced may be either silaple or composite. In
mathematical relations to each other. By a fact, the preferred device illustrated in the
partial,'? Or a “partial tone, or a tone dira. Wings prodlulces harsha comple N. Willi) irrations
partial-all which for ims of expression are in the circuits s'ss, &c. It produces simple,
used synonomously in this specification-I or appl’ONimately sin ple, Vibi’ations in the
(linderstand to be meant in strictness a pure circuits ti' u', ?º tº, lº tuº, &c., and it produces
tone, (a tone, that is, corresponding to a single composite vibrations in other closed circuits,
Series of sinusoidal vibrations,) forming one such as those foiled by the sets of coils U",
of the constituents or elements ofa composite U2, U3, U: , Uiº, UI", and V or by the coil s \ ' '\'.
tone-a tone element, in short, not capable in V: iious places i) this specification, and
of being reduced into simpler constituents. paliticularly in the statement of claim at the
The terms “ component tone’ and “tone end hereof, speak, in effect, of “viration
component” or “ component of a tone,” on te gene;'a tor's,” Or: ““ V il? ?r': tion - genel':uting (clice
other hand, (all of which use synonomously,) vices, or “inductional undulation-general
in this specification, and particularly in the tors,* Ol' “inductional un du lation - generat
25 statement of claim at the end hereof, I use ing de vices,” or “ “ rotatory rate-governors,”
in a broader and looser sense as signifying or “rheotones, or circuits, or “coils, or
any portion of a composite tone less than the other similar parts adapted to produce the
whole. Thus a component of a composite notes of a musical scale, or serving ol' acting
tone may be either a single partial, such as or operatiig to l'oduce the notes of: 1) usical
is produced in the circuit t'at', Fig. 22, or it Scale, or Serving or acting Ol' ()): l'alti ing to pl’o-
may consist of two partials produced together, duce electrical viorations On“ und ulations an
as, for example, in the circuitti, Fig. 22, swering or corresponding to the notes of a mui
in which, it will be l'ehembered, both the sec sical Scale. 13y sich all (l all Similar eX) 1'es
Ond and third partials are produced together; sions I wish it to be very clearly understood OO
35 or it may consist of a greater number of par I do notatalli in it or restrict myself to a con -

tials produced in the same circuit, as, for ex Struction in which there is a diferent, Vibra
ample, in the circuit t ", Fig. 22, in which, tioin-generating device (o)' rheotolme olº 1'Otaa tO!'y
it will be remembered, the fourth, fifth, and rate-governorr-whate\ er the thing na ned
sixth partials are all produced together. A may be-for every different note of the scale,
COllponent of a composite tone, in short, Jay for, in fact, while it is very col). Venient to have
be anything less than the whole composite a separate vibration - generating device for
tone. It may be either a single partial or a every different note, that is not at all ill dis
plurality of partials. pensible, for one vibration-generator night
In Various places in this specification, and obviously be made to serve, at least in the TI I O
15 particularly in the Statement of claim at the lowest part of the coin}ass, for a plurality of
end hereof, speak of a “composite tone and notes; but where, on the othe' hand, I Speak,
a “composite Sound,” of a “component tone as in Inally places i do in the st:l.telnent of
and a “component sound.’ claim, of vibration-generating devices, or llll
By a “composite tone,” as before said, I dulation-generating devices, or rotatory rate I I5
mean a “tone consisting of different partials, governors, or rheotomes “corresponding to
together constituting a single note; it “com the notes of a musical scale,’ Ol' having Vi
posite Sound is a broader term and refers bration frequencies “corresponding to the
alike to (Cl) a composite tone, in the sense notes of a musical scale," | }}}ean to refer to
above defined, () a chord or discord com a construction or organization in which there
posed of elemental or non-composite notes, is a different vibration - generating device,
and (c) a chord or discord formed in whole or rheotome, rotatory rate-governor, or whatever
in part of composite notes. A component tone the term Used may be, for och different, note
is one of the parts, constituents, components, of said millsical scale. That is the const]'lic -
or ingredients of a composite tone and may tion illustrated in the drawings, and the One 25
?? be ally portion, as before said, of such coin Wylich I pre?er.
posite tone less than the whole; but it is al in various places in the specification, and
Ways a portion only of the composite tone of particularly in the statement of claim at the
Which it forms a pait, a portion only, that is to end hereof, I speak of a “key,” or of “keys,”
Say, (or Something less than,) a single com or of “note-controllers, bringing vibration
65 posite musical note. A component sound, on generating devices, Or und Ulation-generating
the other hand, is one of the parts or compo devices, or circuits, or coils, or rheotomes, Ol'
580,035 23
rate-governors, or other similar parts into ac lie normally so far remote from the vibration
tion or into operation upon the line or upon receiving coil W' that the influence of the One
the Vibration-translating apparatus. upon the other is negligible) into intimate in
I wish it to be understood that wien thus ductive relation to the vibration-receiving
speak of “ vibration-generating devices, coil V, so that if the rheotome-interrupted cir
“circuits,” “coils,” “rheotomes,” “rato-gov cuits s'ss, &c., and the circuit of the coil V'
ernors,” or other similar parts being brought were made to be normally closed the key-con
into action or operation upon the line or upon trolled movement of the coil V with relation
the vibration-translating apparatus or de to the coil ' would be of itself sufficient to
O
vices I do not restrict, limit, or confine my bring the various parts of the note-synthesiz
Self to a construction or arrangement in ing device into action or operation upon the
which the vibration-generating devices, cir line and the vibration - translating devices.
cuits, coils, rheotones, rotatory rate-govern Practically, however, in such an instrument SO
ors, or other parts spoken of as being brought as that, illustrated in the drawings of the pres
into action upon the line or the vibration ent case it is very advantageous to employ
translating devices or apparatus aire them all of these three methods. (a) It is advan
selves directly acted upon in order thus to tageous to have the rheotome - interrupted
bring them into action upon the line, for it circuits s' s s, &c., normally open, closing
is not necessary that they be directly acted them only when their note is required, for
2?
upon in order to bring them into action upon thereby waste of current is avoided and the
the line or the vibration-translating appa destructive action of the sparks upon the
ratus or de vices. Thus, for example, in the brushes corresponding to a note is avoided at
drawings (see Figs. 13 and 15) the various all times except when such note is actually
parts belonging to a tone-synthesizing de sounding. ()) it is also very advantageous
Vice (such as the rheotomes p', 'p', 'p', 'p', 'p', to keep the circuits of the coils V'V'V', &c.,
and 2)", rheotone-interrupted circuits sis? corresponding to different notes normally
s', &c., tone-purifying circuits S' T', ST, open, closing each only when its note is
S. T., &c., and t'at', lat”, l at, &c., with the sounded, for thereby waste and dissipation
vibration-combining and vibration-emitting of the current sent to line through the idle
circuit formed of coils U, U3, U8, U4, U5, U 6, coils V V V', (that is, the coils V'V', whose
and V and the vibration - receiving circuit notes are not sounding,) forming parallel or
V") are brought into action upon the line and shunt circuits to the line, are avoided; and (c)
the vibration - translating devices in three it is advantageous to vary the induction be OO
different Ways, any one of which would be of tween the coils W and \', in order to govern
itself sufficient for producing a practical mu the expression thereby; but while the coll
sical effect, although the three together make struction shown is that Which I considel' most
a mole perfect, Satisfactory, and enduring advantageous for a practical music-generat
instrument. Thus, (a) the key q', by closing ing apparatus, assimilated to a pianoforte, I
the circuits of the coils S'ss, &c., causes wish it to be very clearly understood that so
electrical pulsations to be produced in such far as the naeaning of the terms before mell
coils, Which in turn cause electrical undu tioned is concerned, which refer to the bring
lations to be produced in the other circuits, ing of the circuits, coils, vibration-genell'alting
as S'T', ST, t'at', t? (?, U' U, V and the devices, rotatory late-governors, rheotones, I I. ?
line W; and if the key were omitted from the &c., into action or operation upon the line or
45 circuit of the coil W' and said circuit, nor the vibration-translating apparatus, and all
mally closed, as obviously it might readily similar expressions I do not at all limit or
be, the action of the key 7', in closing the rheo restrict myself to the particular construction
tome-interrupted circuits s'ss, &c., would shown in the drawings for blinging such parts II5
be alone sufficient to bring all the various into action upon the line and vibration-trans
parts of the composite-tone-generating de lating dovices, for other constructions Well
Vice into action upon the line and the vibra known to electricians might be used instead
tion-translating devices, (b) On the other of them.
hand, We might retain the key in the circuit In various places in this specification, and
of the coil W' and omit the key from the cir particularly in the statement of claim at the
55 cuits s' s°s, &c., leaving such last-mentioned end hereof, I speak of a “note-controlling de
circuits normally closed, in which case the vice, extra, the line.” By a “note: control
closing of the circuit of the coil W' would be of ling device, extra the line,” I mean a note
itself alone sufficient to bring the rheotome-in controlling device outside of (that is to say, I2?
terrupted circuits s'ss, &c., and all the other
?? parts of the tone-synthesizing device into ac not inserted in) the main line. Thus in the
drawings the key ', considered as a note
tion upon the line--a construction which is in controlling device, inserted in the circuits
substance used in the apparatus of the other s', S', S', S', S', and s", is extra the line; and
case before mentioned, Serial No. 558,939, filed in like manner said key 7, considered as a
August 10, 1895. (c) The mechanical action key closing the circuit of the coil V', which
illustrated in Fig. 15 brings the vibration forms one of the branches of the line W, sup
emitting coil V (which We may Well suppose, plying vibrations thereto, is “extra the line”
for the purpose of the present explanation, to in the sense in which I use the Words in this
580,03:
Specification and in the stiltement of chain). duce vibrations having frequencies corre
at the end hereof. An important advantage sponding to different partials of the same
resulting from placing the di fleirent keys or composite toine ol' of the samme composite 7 O
other note-controlling devices extra the line note. What I meat by the word “simulta
is that each note-controlling device is then neously” as tinus used has already been mmade
able to work independently of the others, clea', and, further, I wish it to be under
and to throw its note upon the line and to stood that I do not by the teins above men
shut it off from the line withotit 'endering tioned and othel' similar expressions limit or
the line incapable of transmitting the notes I'estlict lyself to a constilletion in which the
O controlled by other noto-controlling die vices; different parts mentioned as serving or act
and when Spaak in this specification, and ing on" operating si multaneously to produce
particularly in the statement of claim at the electrical vibrations la ving frequencies cor
end hereof, of “current-regulator expression responding to different partials of the same So
lmechanism, extra the line' i mean current composite tone act always all of them to
regulator expression mechanism which is out gether when aily of them acts, bit only to the
side of (that is to say, not inserted in) the tineparts corresponding to different, partials of
main line. Thus in the drawings the expres sinc composite tone which act, as (lis
sion device, including the two cois V and linguished from those which remain idle or
V", acting inductively upon each other, is inactive, acting simultaneously to produce a
** extra the line in the sense in which use composite tone, for that is all that is neces
the words in this specification in the state say to the carrying Out of my in Ventioi,
ment of claims at the ed hereof. for it would be possible to arrange the pants
important advantages resulting froin blac in such a maine) that the sets of coils, cil'-
ing the expression devices, extra the line, cuits, rotatory late-goverino's, rheotomes, or
25 are (t) that the different expression devices, other vibration - translating devices corre
if a plurality of expl'ession de vices be en sponding to certain partials would beat times
ployed, can thus be made to act, independ entirely out of action, some of the partials
ently of one another to produce their dif being used and other's heig omitted, and in 95
ferent tones with different (legrees of power, fact, such a construction is fully illustrated
and (b) that the electrical condition of the and described ill the othel application be
line, (whether a single expl’ession device or a fore montioned, Serial No. 55S,939, filed All
plurality of expression devices be employed.) gust 10, 1895, in which the broad features of O
considelred with relation to its electical ny inventioh are ilustrated as applied to the
characteristics, Slich as the coefficients of 'e- special purpose of generating oi'gan music.
35 sistance, self-induction, and capacity, is un I use the terms “note-controller and “noto
disturbed by the operations of the expres controlling deviceº in this specification and
Sion 1mmechanism. in the statement of clail) at thic elnd he'eof
in various places ill this specification, and synonymously. The arrangement of note C
particularly in the statement of claim at the controlling devices illustrated, consisting of
end hereof, I speak in effect of “current-regul the keys ' ' with the circuit-controlling de
lator expression mechanism operating in vices connected with then, is a convenient,
ductively to govern the loudness of sounds one and is as good as any that I am aware of;
given off by the vibration-translating appa but it is only One out of several fol'ins of note
ratus.” By this language and other language controlling devices that may be used, and I
45 of the same general import refer to expres wish it to be very distinctly understood that
sion mechanism acting to govern the loud I do not at all limit myself to the particular
ness of Sounds given of by the coin mon re foil of note-conti'olling devices illustrated
ceivers by varying or regulating the strength in the drawings, for they may be modified
of the electrical vibrations employed in pro within Widle in its and other forms of note
SO ducing Sound and which expression mec controlling device may be substituted for
anism includes vibration-emitting and vibra then.
tion-receiving circuits and means operating in various places in the statement of claim
to vary the inductive relation subsisting I speak of ?? 1?lheotOmmGs,? an dl in Otho]?s Of ??1'O-
there between. tatory late-governor's, and in still others of
55 In variolls places in this specification, and vibration-generators or “ vibration-gener
particularly in the statement of claim at ating (lovicos' or “undillation-generating de
the end hereof, speakin effect of a “plurality vices.”
of vibration-generating devices or undula By a “ rheotome,” as has alreadly been made
tion-generating devices, or rheotomes or 'o- clear, I mean a device which serves to pro
tatory late-governors having vibration fre duce electrical vibrations by affecting the re
quencies corresponding to different partials sistance of a circuit, periodically, throwing in
of the same composite tone, serving or act and cutting out resistance alternately. “RO
ing or operating simultaneously to produce a tatory ]'ate-go \, el'nor' * is in one aspect a niar
composite tione or a, composite 1note,” or' i rower teu'nn tlhan “ “ rheotome,” for a rotatory
speak of “Vibration-generating devices, theo rate-governor must have a rotatoly move
tOnes, rotatory rate-governor's, &c., serving ment, While a rheotome may be eitle' vibra
or operating or acting simultaneously to pro- tory or rotatory; but “ l'otatory rate - gov
580,035 g5
ernor” is a broader term than “rheotone, in tial characteristics of the electrical vibrations
that it refers as well to a rotatorybody acting first mentioned are reproduced by the aerial
to produce periodic currents wholly by induc vibrations the electrical vibrations will be
tion (such as the armature of an alternating translated into aerial vibrations of similar
Current dynamo or the special form of such Wave' form in the sense in which I use that
device described in the other application be language in this specification. To further
fore mentioned, Serial No. 55S,939, and before illustrate: When but one composite tone is
referred to) as to one which produces its cur produced, the aerial vibrations given by the 75
rents in the first instance by current inter
I. ? rupting. “Vibration-generating device is a
common receivers correspond closely in wave
form, in whatever Way considered, with the
still broader term. It is indeed momen, gen composite electrical vibrations corresponding
eralissinatin, referring alike to rheotomes, to the one composite tone produced; but when
both rotatory and vibratory, and to rotatory two composite tones are produced simultane So
late-governors, whether of the current-inter ously, or a chord of composite tones, though the
rupting or the induction-generating sort, and process is exactly the salme, the aerial vibra
to all other devices acting to produce elec tions produced are resultants of the vibrations
trical vibrations periodically. “Undulation corresponding to the different composite notes
generating device’ is likewise a broad term, sounding; but these resultant vibrations, cor
referring alike to the various sorts of devices responding to a plurality of simultaneously
Which operate to produce electrical undula sounded composite notes, contain as compo
tions periodically. nents the separate vibrations belonging to
In Various places in this specification, and each composite note individually; and when
particularly in the statement of claim at the two or three or a greater number of composite 9 O
end hereof, I speak of “translating compos notes are thus simultaneously produced elec
25 ite electrical vibrations or composite elec trically and translated into audible aerial Wi
trical undulations into aerial vibrations of brations in the lmanner hereinbefore de
similar wave form.’ scribed each composite electrical tone is trans
What I mean to refer to by the language lated into aerial vibrations of similar Wave 95
above recited and other similar expressions form practically and to all intents and pur
is a process of translating in which the wave purposes so far as the ear can discern, and
form of the electrical vibrations controls or in the sense in which I use the language in
affects the Wave form of the aerial vibra this specification, just as truly as when a
tions--a process of translating in which the composite note is produced and translated by ? ? ?
electrical vibrations produce aerial vibrations itself alone.
35 of similar timbre-as distinguished from those My invention embraces different parts, de
processes of translating by monotone-receiv vices, and subcombinations, some or all of
er's in which the pitch of the electrical vibra which may be used individually in a complete
tions Only is reproduced, the timbre of the whole other than or different from the colm
Sound communicated to the ear being that of plete whole of the apparatus herein described.
the translating device itself unaffected by the I desire full protection for every part of my
timbre or the Wave form of the electrical vi invention and wish it to be distinctly under
brations operating it; but very obviously the stood that I have no desire or intention to
aerial vibrations, having wave forms similar dedicate or abandon any part of it to the I O
to the Wave forms of a given composite elec public.
45 trical tone, may coexist with or be superposed What I claim as my invention, and desire
upon other aerial vibrations corresponding to to secure by Lette's Patent, is
other composite tones, the two sets or the plu 1. In an electrical music-generating system,
rality of sets of composite electrical vibrations the method of producing composite musical I I5
corresponding to different composite tones to sounds electrically, which consists in (a) pro
gether producing resultant aerial vibrations ducing by induction, in different closed cir
having as components aerial vibrations corre cuits, electric - current undulations corre
sponding to the different sets of composite elec sponding to different component sounds of
trical vibrations translated. Thus, for exam the composite musical sound desired; (b)
ple, I speak in some places of “producing a synthesizing in a conductor resultant undu
composite tone in some specified manner elec lations out of the undulations produced, as
trically’ and then of “translating the compos above mentioned, in a plurality of closed cir
ite electilical undulations into aerial vibra cuits; and (c) translating the built-up elec
tions of similar wave form.” Such composite tical undulations into composite aerial Wi I 25
electrical vibrations or undulations corre brations of similar wave form.
?? sponding to a composite tone may be translated 2. In an electrical music-generating system,
by themselves alone, or they may be combined the method of producing composite musical
with other electrical vibrations before they are sounds electrically, which consists in (Ca) pro
translated into aerial vibrations, and when ducing by induction, in different circuits,
translated into aerial vibrations they may co electric undulations corresponding to differ
exist as aerial vibrations along with other sets ent component Sounds of the composite musi
of aerial vibrations corresponding to other cal sound desired; (b) producing in a con
Composite tones; and yet so long as the essen ductor resultant undulations out of the undul
580,085 2.
ent series of vibrations separately and simul ground tones of different notes of a musical
taneously; (c) synthesizing resultant elec composition; (b) producing, at the same time,
trical vibrations, corresponding to the coln by coöperating devices, and by induction, in
posite musical tone required, out of the sepal other closed circuits, other series of electrical
rately -purified electrical vibrations above undulations, corresponding to overtones of
mentioned; and (d) translating the resultant the ground tones before mentioned; (c) syn
electrical vibrations into aerial vibrations of thesizing composite electrical undulations out
similar wave follm. of the ground-tone undulations and the over 75
13. In an electrical music-generating sys tone undulations before mentioned; and (d)
O tem, the method of producing a composite translating the composite electrical undula
musical tone electrically, which consists in tions thus produced into aerial vibrations of
(CI) producing, in different circuits, different similar Wave form.
series of electrical vibrations, of frequencies 18. The method of producing a musical com So
corresponding to different components of the position electrically, with composite tones,
composite tone desired; (b) purifying differ which consists in (Ct) producing by induction,
ent Series of vibrations separately and simul in different circuits, different series of elec
taneously, by successive inductive transfers; trical undulations, corresponding to the
(c) synthesizing resultant electrical vibra ground tones of different notes of a musical
tions out of the separately-purified electrical composition; (b) producing, at the same time,
2?
vibrations above mentioned; and (d) trans by coöperating devices, and by induction, in
lating the resultant electrical vibrations into other circuits, other series of electrical undu
aerial vibrations of similar wave form. lations, corresponding to overtones of the
14. The method of producing a musical com ground tones before mentioned; (c) producing 9O
position electrically, which consists in (a) composite electrical undulations out of the
25 producing by induction, in different closed ground-tone undulations and the overtone
circuits, different series of electrical vibra undulations before mentioned; and (d) trans
tions, corresponding in frequencies to the lating the composite electrical lindulations
ground tones of different notes of the musical thus produced into aerial vibrations of simi 95
composition desired; (b) producing, also, at la, r WaVe fOl?n.
the Salme time, by induction, in other closed 19. Thelmethod of producing a musical com
circuits, other series of electrical vibrations position electrically, with composite tones,
corresponding in frequencies to overtones of which consists in (C) producing, in different
the ground tones before mentioned; and (c) circuits, different series of electrical vibra OO
producing, by means of the electrical vibra tions, corresponding to the ground tones of
35 tions aforesaid, audible aerial vibrations. different notes of a musical composition; (b)
15. The method of producing a musical com producing, also, at the same time, in other
position electrically, which consists in (a) circuits, other series of electrical vibrations,
producing by induction, in different circuits, corresponding to Overtones of the ground I O5
different series of electrical vibrations, corre tones before mentioned; (c) purifying differ
Sponding in frequencies to the ground tones ent series of the Vibrations before mentioned
of different tones of the musical composition separately; (d) synthesizing composite elec
desired; (b) producing, also, at the same time, tical vibrations out of the ground-tone vibra
by induction, in other circuits, other series tions alnd the overtone vibrations before men
of electrical vibrations corresponding in fre tioned; and (e) translating the composite
45 (uencies to overtones of the ground tones be electrical vibrations into aerial vibrations of
fore mentioned; and (c) producing, by means similar wave form.
of the electrical undulations aforesaid, audi 20. Thelmethod of producing a musical coin
bole aerial Viborations. position electrically, with composite tones, II5
16. The method of producing a musical com which consists in (a) synthesizing, in differ
position electrically, which consists in (a) ent circuits, composite electrical vibrations
producing, in diferent circuits, diferent se corresponding to composite musical notes of
ries of electrical vibrations, corresponding in different pitches; (b) transferring the com
frequencies to ground tones of different notes posite electrical vibrations above mentioned H 2?
of the musical composition desired; (b) pro as corresponding to notes of different pitches,
55 ducing, also, at the same time, in other cir from the circuits above mentioned, by induc
cuits, other series of electrical vibrations, tion, to a vibration-combining circuit, so that
corresponding in frequencies to overtones of composite electrical vibrations, correspond
the ground tones before mentioned; (c) puri ing to chords of composite notes, are produced I 25
fying different series of vibrations separately; in said vibration-combining circuit; and (c)
f O and (d) producing from the purified electrical translating the composite electrical vibra
Vibrations above in entioned audible aerial vi tions last above mentioned into aerial vibra
brations. tions of siinila wave form.
17. The method of producing a musical conn 21. The method of producing a musical com
position electrically, with composite tones, position electrically, with composite tones,
which consists in (c) producing by induction, which consists in (C) synthesizing, by induc
in different closed circuits, different series of tion, in different coils, composite electrical
electrical undulations, corresponding to the vibrations corresponding to different notes;
8 O 3. 5
(l) synthesizing out of the composite elec other, by varying the inductive relations sub
trical vibrations, corresponding to notes, in sisting bet VY een diffel'ont Vibration-cinlitting
a plurality of the coils before mentioned, conn and vibration - 'eceiving circuits; and ((l) 7O
posite electrical vibrations corresponding to translating the composite clectrical undula
chords of composite notes; and (c) translat tions produced in manner above described,
ing the composite vibrations thus produced into aerial vibrations of similal' \\ a \ e forni.
into composite aerial vibrations of similar 23. The method of producing music electric
wya, ve forma S. ally, which consists in (C) producing by in 75
22. In an electrical music-generating sys duction, in differenti circuits, electrica un
? ? tem, the method of producing notes of a mu dulations corresponding to different conmp)O-
sical composition With expression, Which con nent sounds of the composite intusical sound
sists in (a) producing, in diferent circuits, which it is desired to produce; (l) transfer
electrical vibrations corresponding to diffel jing undulations by induction from the dif
ent tones; (b) synthesizing out of the vibra ferent circuits before meltioned to a line,
tions thus produced, resultant electrical yi through one op more intermediate circuits;
blations; (c) transferring such resultant elec (c) varying the amplitude of the electrical
trical vibrations by induction from One Gi lindlulations thrown upon the line, interme
cuit to another; (c) varying the loudness of (!iate the line and the circuits in Which the
the sounds produced by varying the induc di?erent corresponding series of electrical
tive relations subsisting between the two cir vibrations are first produced; and (d) trans
cuits last above mentioned; and (e) translat lating the electrical vibrations thrown upon
ing the electrical Vibrations produced in man the line il to lille Lerial Vill’altions.
ner above (les Cribel in tO dibe erill Vibo"- 27. The method of producing in usic electric 9O
tions. - lly, which consists in genell'atting by induc
25 23. In an electrical music-geneating sys tion, in different circuits, electrical undula
tenn, the nimethod of producing musical sou indis tions of diferent sorts, corresponding to dif
With expression, Willich consists in (Ct) pro ferent components of the sound which it is de
ducing, by induction, in different circuits, sited to plotluce; transferring electrical un 95
electrical undulations correspolding to diffei'- (Illulatio}}. S, froig these different (it'Cill its to all,
ent tones; (b) synthesizing, by jeans of the coun; inon \tibºation-Coihalbining circuit, boy in
undulations generated in the circuits before diction; varying the amplitude of the differ
mentioned, resultant electical undulations; cent Sets of undulations independently of each
(c) transferring Such resultant electifical un other by varying the inductive relations of
dulations, by induction, from Oile circuit to different circuits idependently of each other;
35 another; (c) varying the loudness of the re and ti'al Enslating the CG) posite electrical Ull
sultant sounds by varying the inductive rela dulations, produced iil nan her av Do V e Innen
tions subsisting between the two circuits last iOined into audible aeliai Nil) 'atio)S Of sihi
above mentioned; and (e) translating the dar VYRYCe foi’in. .?
electrical indulations into audible aerial vi 28. - The metod of pi'olucing music electric
lorations. ally, Which consists in (t) producing in dif
24. in an electrical music-generating sy’S- ?erent circuits, different series of electrical vi
tem, the method of producing music electric britions, co-responding to diffel'elt tones;
ally, which consists in (C) producing, by in (b) purifying different series of vibrations sep
duction, in di?ferenti circuits, electrical un arately; (c) synthesizing resultant electrical
dulations corresponding to diferent compo lindulations out of the separáticly – puri ?iedl
ment Sounds of the composite in usical sound electrical vii) rations; (l) varying the loudness
desired; () synthesizing resultant electrical of different component Sollicts of the compos
undulations Out Of the undulatiOS 1) oduced i te musical Sound produced, by Valyig tilhe
in the circuits before inentioned; (c) varying implitude of the collesponding series of elec
SO the amplitude of the component induitions tical vibrations; and (e) translating the coin
entering into the reStaltant electrical ul) klula posite elegtical undulations, produced in
tions above inentioned independently of each Inanner above described into aerial Vibra
other; and (c) translating the composite elec tions Of Sinii ' Wave foi’’.
thical undulations produced, into aerial vi 29. The inethod of producing music electric
55 brations of Similar Wave form. ally, which consists in (c) producing, by induc
25. In ail electrical music-generating sys tion, in different circuits, electrical undula
ten), the method of producing music electic tions of frequencies corresponding to differ
ally, which consists in (C) producing by in ent tones; (l) purifying the different series
duction, in di??ereint circuits, electrical Un of vibrations separately; (c) synthesizing re
?? dulations corresponding to diferent compo Sultant electrical und lations out of the puri
nent sounds of the composite illusical sould fi ed electrica un lui lations abov e menti Oned;
desired; (lb) synthesizing resulta înt electrical (d) varying the loudness of different compo
undulations out of the undulations produced in ent sounds of the composite musical sound 3.
in the circuit before mentioned; (c) varying produced, by varying the amplitude of the
65 the amplitude of coinn ponent undu lations el corresponding Series O, A Gelectice:Il Vyil) "ations
telling into the resultant electrical indula independently of each other'; and (c) trans
tions above mentioned, independently of each lating the composite electrical undulations,
580,035
produced in manner above described, into translating these complex electrical vibra
aerial vibrations of similar wave form. tions into complex aerial vibrations, of simi
30. In an electrical music-generating sys lar Wa,V?e fo???na S. 7?
tem, the method of producing a composite mu 34. In an electilical music-generating Sys
sical tone, which consists in (a) producing, tem, the method of producing composite mu
by induction, in different circuits, electrical sical sounds electrically, which consists in (a)
tlindulations corresponding in periodicity to causing simultaneously, in different circuits,
different partials of the composite tone re electrical vibrations of frequencies corre 75
quired; (b) synthesizing out of the undula sponding to different components of the com
?? tions generated in said circuits, composite posite musical sound desired; (b) transfer
electrical undulations corresponding to the ring vibrations, by induction, from different
composite tone required; (c) transferring groups of these circuits to corresponding vi
such composite undulations by induction bration - receiving circuits, simultaneously, So
from one circuit to another, varying the loud the vibrations of each group of circuits afore
15 ness of the note produced by varying the in mentioned being transferred to a vibration
ductive relation subsisting between the two receiving circuit proper to such group; (c)
circuits last above mentioned; and (d) trans transferring vibrations by induction from
lating the electrical undulations into aerial group-vibration-receiving circuits last above
vibrations of similar wave form. mentioned to a common vibration-receiving
2? 31. The method of producing music electric circuit, so that resultant and more highly
ally, With agreeable tones and with proper ex complex electrical vibrations are generated
pression, which consists in (a) producing, by in said common vibration-receiving circuit;
induction, in different circuits, different series and (d) translating these complex electrical
of electrical vibrations, answering to ground vibrations into complex aerial vibrations, Of
25 tones and Over tones of the notes of a musical similar wave forms.
composition; (b) synthesizing out of the vibra 35. In an electrical music-generating sys
tions thus produced, composite electrical vi tem, and in combination, a multiplicity of ro
brations, corresponding to chords of compos tatory rate-governors, serving for the produc 95
ite tones; (c) translating such composite vi tion of the notes of a musical Scale through
brations into audible aerial vibrations; and one or more octaves electrically; and driving
(d) varying the loudiness of the sounds pro mechanism for said late-governors, whereby
duced by varying the inductive relations sub different rate-governors are given different
sisting between vibration-emitting and vibra angular velocities. OO
tion-receiving circuits. 36. In an electrical music-generating sys
32. In an electrical music-generating sys tem, and in combination, an organization of
tem, the method of producing composite mu rotatory rate-governor's, serving for the pro
sical Sounds electrically, which consists in (a) duction of the notes of a musical scale, differ
callsing simultaneously, in different circuits, ent rate-governors being formed So that they Io5
electrical vibrations of frequencies corre produce different numbers of vibrations to a
sponding to different component tones of the rotation; and driving mechanism for said rate
composite musical sound desired; (b) gener governors, serving to rotate different rate-gov
ating from a plurality of groups or sets of such ernors with different angula]' velocities.
electrical vibrations, corresponding complex 37. In an electrical music-generating Sys II. ?
electrical vibrations of different sorts, simul tem, and in combination, a multiplicity of ro
45 taneously; (c) generating from the complex tatory rate-governors, serving by their rota
electrical vibrations last mentioned, resultant tions to govern the frequencies of electrical
and more highly complex electrical vibra vibrations, said rotatory rate-governors being
tions; and (d) translating these complex elec arranged in a plurality of groups; the mem 15
trical vibrations into complex aerial vibra bers of each individual group being connected
tions, of similar wave forms. together, so that they rotate with the same
33. In an electrical music-generating sys angular velocity; different groups of rate
tem, the method of producing composite mu governors having different angular velocities,
sical sounds electrically, which consists in (a) and serving for different notes.
causing simultaneously, in different circuits, 3S. In an electrical music-generating sys
55 electrical vibrations of different frequencies, tem, and in combination, a multiplicity of ro
corresponding to different component tones tatory rate - governor's, and a plurality of
of the composite musical sound desired; (b) shafts, each impelling a plurality of the rate
transferring vibrations by induction, from governors before mentioned, having vibration
different groups of these circuits to corre frequencies standing to each other as differ
?? sponding vibration-receiving circuits simul ent power of two; the different shafts Serving
taneously; vibrations of each group of cir for different notes.
cuits aforementioned, being transferred to a 39. In an electrical music-generating Sys
vibration - receiving circuit proper to such tem, and in combination, a multiplicity of ro
group; (c) synthesizing resultant and more tatory rate-governors; twelve pitch-shafts,
highly complex electrical vibrations out of corresponding to the twelve notes of the chro
the vibrations generated in the vibration-re matic scale, and each impelling a plurality of
ceiving circuits above mentioned; and (d) the before-mentioned rate-governors, having
30 580,085
vibration frequencies standing to each other anism for Said rotatory n’ate-govc?'n? O’S; and
as different powers of two, and serving to (c) note - controllers, whereby the different
give different octaves of the note to which late-governor's are made to act upon lic line
the pitch-shaft impelling then corresponds; to produce their respectivo motes the rei elec
and suitable driving mechanism, whereby the trically, as l'equired.
pitch-shafts are impelled. 45. In an electrical music - generating sys
40. In an electrical music-generating appa tein, and in coln bination, therein. With a line
ratus, and in combination, a shaft and a plu and one or more connoll-l'eceive villation 75
'ality of groups of late-governor's impelled translating de vices, all apparatus ser Ving to
by said shaft, the different groups of ratic generate in sic in the line electically, Sail
governol's serving to produce differen octaves apparatus including (CI) an organization of ro
of a note, and the different rate-governor's in tatory rate-governor's, adapted to produce the
a group Serving to produce different patials notes of a musical scale, through one or more Sch
of a note. octaves; (b) driving mechanism for said 'o-
41. In an electrical music-generating sys tatory rate-governor's, whereby different rate
tem, a device for generating composite nu governor's ai'e given different angular veloci
sical tones electrically, including a plurality of ties; and (c) note - controllei's, whereby the
shafts each impelling a plurality of groups of different l’ate-go Vel'mors a'e na de to act upon
rate-governors; different shafts serving for the line to produce their respective notes
different notes; the different groups of rate
2: ? the'eill electrically, as 'equired.
governor's impelled by a shaft serving to pro 46. În an electrical music - generating sys
duce diferent octaves of a note; and the dif tem, and in combination, the cin with a line
ferent rate-governors in a group serving to and One O1. In Ore Common-receiver Vibration -
produce different partials of a note; and suit translating devices, an apparatus seiving to
25 able driving mechanism, whereby the shafts generate music in the line electrically, said
before mentioned are impelled. apparatus including () an organization of 'o-
42. In an electical music-generating sys tatory rate-governors, adapted to produce the
ten, and in combination, (c) a plurality of notes of a musical scale, through one o' more 95
common - receiver vibration - translating de octaves, in the line, by induction; (b) driving
vices; (b) a multiplicity of electrical vibra mechanism for said 'otatory 'ite-governo's,
tion - circuits; (c) a multiplicity of rotatory whereby different rate - governors are given
rate-governors, serving by their rotations to differentangular velocities; and (c) note-coln
cause electrical vibrations, of different fre trollers, whereby the different rate-governor's 1 ? ?
quencies, to be produced in the circuits be are made to act upon the line to produce their
fore mentioned; (d) driving mechanism for respective notes therein clectrically, as re
said rotatory rate-governor's, whereby differ (uired.
ent late-governors are given different angular 47. An electilical music - distributing sys
velocities; and (e) a keyboard of pitch-keys, ten, having a plurality of common-receiver
controlling the action of the vil) ration-gen vibration-translating de vices, disposed in dif
erating devices upon the vibration-translat ferent places,in combination with an electrical
ing apparatus. music-generatig appa l'attis, sei Ving to Sul)-
43. In an electrical music - generating sys }?y music electrically to the Various common
tem, and ill combination, (a) an apparatus receiver vibration-translating devices al?o re
serving to generate electrical vibrations cor said, said electrical illusic-generating appa
45 responding to the notes of a musical scale, ratus includling (Ca) an organization of 'otito'y
through one or more octaves, and including rate-govel'no's, adapted to produce the notes
a multiplicity of coils, a multiplicity of rota of a musical scale electrically, by induction;
tory rate-governors, serving to cause electrical (l) driving mechanisia) for said rotatory rate
Vibrations to be produced in said coils in luc governos; and (c) note-controllers, whereby
tively and driving mechanism for said late the di?ferent rate-governors are nade to act,
governors whereby different rate - governors each as rect['tair'ed, t? jpon the wrib:"ation-ti";, inslaut
are given differenti angular velocities; (b) ing devices a foresaid.
common - receiver vibration - translating de 4S. An electrical music - disti’il) uting sys
vices; and (c) note-controllers, operating to tem, having a plurality of common-receiver
55 bring the different vibration - generating de vibration-translating de vices, disposed in dif
vices into action, each as required, upo te ferent places, in combination with an electrical
vibration-translating apparattus. musiC-generating apparatus, Serving to Sup
44. In an electrical music - generating sys plymusic electrical?y to tle Various colnnon
tem, and in combination, a line; omne or more receiver vibration-tral slating devices afore
?? common - receiver Vibration - translating de Said, said electrical music-generating apparal
vices, supplied with vibrations by the line; tus including () electrical vibration-genera
and an apparatus Selving to generate music tors, serving to produce electrical vibrations
in the line electrically, said apparatus includ answering to the notes of a in usical Scale, by
ing (Ca) an organization of Frotatory rate-gov induction, and each, in general including a 'o-
ernors, adapted to produce the notes of a mu tatory rate-governor'; () driving mechanisin
sical Scale, through one orimore octaves in the for said 'otatory rate-goverinois; and (c) a key
lineaforesaid, by induction; (b) driving mech board of pitch-keys, controlling the action of
580,035 3.
the electrical vibration-generators upon the devices, whereby musical electrical undula
vibration-translating devices aforesaid. tions, of frequencies corresponding to differ
49. An electrical music - distributing sys ent notes, are produced inductively in the va
tem, having a plurality of common-receiver rious electrical undulation - circuits before
vibration-translating devices, disposedin dif mentioned, when said circuits are closed; and
ferent places, in combination with an electrical (c) keys, formed into a keyboard, serving to
music-generating apparatus, serving to sup close the electrical undulation-circuits before
ply music electrically to the various common mentioned, and adapted to afford facility to 75
receiver vibration-translating devices afore the performer to throw, by their manipula
said, said electrical music-generating appala tion, the notes of a musical composition, each
tus including (a) electrical vibration-genera as l'equired, into the vibration-translating ap
tors, serving to produce electrical vibrations parat, U.S.
answering to the notes of a musical scale, and 53. In an electrical in usic-generating sys So
each, in general including a rotatory rate-gov tem, and in combination, (A) suitable vibra
ernor; (b) driving mechanism for said rota tion-translating apparatus, operating to trans
tory rate-governors, whereby different rate late musical electical vibrations into audible
governors are given different angular veloci music; (B) an apparatus serving to generate
ties; and (c) note-controllers, controlling the the l'equisite electrical vibrations, including
action of the electrical vibration-generators (CI) a multiplicity of coils, and (b) a set of
upon the vibration-translating devices a ?ore inductional undulation - generating devices,
said. having vibration frequencies corresponding
50. An electrical music - distributing sys to the notes of a musical scale through one or
tem, having a plurality of common-receiver more octaves, serving to cause vibrations in 9 O
vibration-translating de vices, disposedin dif ductively in the coils aforesaid; the different
25 ferent places, in combination with an electrical coils being acted upon by different undula
music-generating apparatus, serving to sup tion - generating devices; and (C) note - con
ply music electrically to the various common trollers, whereby the different undulation
receiver vibration-translating devices afore generating devices are made to sound their
Said, said electrical music-generating appara respective notes, each as required, in the vi
tus including (a) electrical vibration-genera bration-translating apparatus.
tors, serving to produce electrical vibrations 54. Ån electrical musie-distributing system
answering to the notes of a musical scale, by including a multiplicity of common-receiver
induction, and each, in general including a ro vibration-translating devices, disposed in dif
tatory rate-governor; (b) driving mechanism ferent places, in combination with an elec
for Said rotatory rate-governos, whereby dif trical music-undulation-generating appara
ferent rate-governors are given different an tus, adapted to generate electrical undula
gular velocities; and (c) note-controllers, con tions, corresponding to the notes of a musical
trolling the action of the electrical vibration composition, and operating to supply Such un
generators upon the vibration-translating de du lations to the common-receiver Vibration
vices aforesaid. translating devices, disposed at different
51. In an electrical music-generating sys places, as before mentioned; said electrical
tem, Suitable vibration-translating apparattis, music-undulation-generating apparatus in
Operating to translate electrical vibrations cluding (a) a multiplicity of electrical undu ? ??
into audible aerial vibrations, in combination lation - circuits; (b) inductional undulation
45 With an apparatus adapted to generate elec generating devices, serving to produce elec
trical vibrations answering to the notes of a trical undulations, of frequencies correspond
musical scale, and including (c) a multiplicity ing to different notes, in the different elec
of electrical undulation-circuits; (b) a multi trical undulation-circuits before mentioned, I 15
plicity of inductional undulation-generating inductively; and (c) note-controllers, oper
devices, whereby musical electrical undula ating to bring the various electrical undula
tions, of frequencies corresponding to differ tion-generating devices before mentioned into
ent notes are produced inductively in the va action, each as required, upon the common
rious electrical undulation - circuits before receiver vibration - translating devices, and
mentioned; and (c) a keyboard of pitch-keys, adapted to afford facility for the production
55 Serving to bring the various undulation-gen of a titline by their manipulation.
erating devices above mentioned into action, 55. An electrical music-distributing system,
each as 'equired, upon the vibration-trans including a plurality of common-receiver Wi
lating apparatus. bration-translating de vices, disposed in dif
52. In an electrical music-generating sys ferent places, in combination with an elec
?? tem, suitable vibration-translating apparatus, trical music-undulation - generating appara
operating to translate electrical vibrations tus, adapted to generate electrical undula
into audible aerial vibrations, in combination tions corresponding to the notes of a musical
With an apparatus adapted to generate elec composition, and Serving to Supply Such un
trical vibrations, answering to the notes of a dulations to the various common-receiver Wi
musical scale, and including (a) a multiplicity bration-translating devices before mentioned,
of electrical undulation-circuits; (b) a multi such apparatus including () a multiplicity
plicity of inductional undulation-generating of coils; (ii) inductional undulation-generat
33 530,035
ing devices, whereby electrical indulations, scale, and (l) primary circuits, affected by
of frequencies corresponding to di?cient, said theotones and serving to cause the pro
notes, are produced in the different coils e duction of electrical undulations inductively 7O
fore mentioned inductively; and (c) note-coil in the circuits first ill this pal'agraph ?hell
troller's, seiving to bring said coils into action, tioned.
each as required, upon te comimon-receiver 5S. in ajn electrica music-gc]nc'ating SyººS
Vibration-translating devices, and adated to tem, and in combination, the l'eil With One O'
more common-receiver vibration-trailslating
afford facility for the production of a tile by 75
their manipulation. devices, a Set of current- und{1lation circuits,
?? 56. In an electi’ical Imusic-geine l’ating Sys corresponding with the notes of a musical
tem, and in combination therein with one Ol' scale through one or nore Octaves; il du C
more common-receiver vibration-translating tional vibration-generating devices, Whereby
devices, an Organization Selving to produce current- undulations of the revisite fil'e tlell So
electrical undulations corresponding to the cies are caused in the different current-unclu
notes of a musical Scale and including a mul lation circuits, as 'ecuired; differental) OliltiS
tiplicity of Clºent-lindulation circuits, seºv of self-induction being given to diffel'ellt Cull
ing for tones of different pitches; the current 'ent-undulation circuits; the cli'rent-undula
undulation circuits seiving for low tones hav tion circuits serving for low notes having 'cal
ing relatively large amounts ofself-induction; tively large amounts of self-induction; the
the current- undulation circuits serving for current- und lation circuits sel" Ving for lil Ot CS
tones of medium pitch having less aimounts of medium pitch having less almounts of Self
of self-induction; the cul’reat-undulation cir induction; and the cui'ent-lindulation (i'-
cuits serving for tones of high pitch, having cuits serving for notes of high pitch having
relatively Small announts of Self-induction; relatively small ainotints of Self-induction;
such varying amounts of self-induction being such varying amounts of Self-induction being,
given to the di ?ferent curi'ent - undi lation in the result, given to the diffei'ent currell t
circuits that in general cach circuit, tends undulation circuits that in general cach tends
Strongly to SuppleSS the higher O Veitones and strongly to suppress the highel" O Vel'tOnes allld 95
harsher components of the electical tone or harsher components of the hote fol' Willich it
tones for which it serves, without injuriously stands, without injuriously Weakening the
weakening the ground tone or ground tones ground tone thereof.
thereof; and inductional undulation-genei'at 59. in an electrical : tsic-generating Sy"S-
ing mechanism, Serving to produce the l’equi tem, and in combination, sutitable vibration
site electrica Undulations in the Variotis Cir translating apparatus, and an apparatus for
cits before mentiohed, Sulclu indulation-gein generating the requisite electrical vibrations,
ell’atting mechanisin including all O'galiZation including a multiplicity of electrical uldull
of rotatory rate-governors, with suitable div tion-circuits; and inductional undulatioll
ing mechanism therefor. generating devices, whereby cull'ent-undulal
57. Hin al?n electrical Illusic-generating Sys tions of the requisite f?'equencies al'e genel'-
tem, and in combination therein With one or ated inductively in the various electl'ical un
more common-receiver vibration-translating dulation-circuits before alentioned; tlle dif
de Vices, all Organization Sel'V?ng tO |}}’Odtice ferent current - undulation circuits before
electrical undulations, corresponding to the mentioned serving for tones of diffe)"elt
notes of a musical Scale, and including a lull pitches; the current-undiulation circuits ser V
45 tiplicity of current-lundulation circuits, ser V ing for low tones having relatively large
ing for tones of different pitches; the current announts of self-induction; the cu l’u’elit-ul i lill
undulation circuits Serving for low tones, a V iation circuits serving for notes of illed ill ill
ing relatively large amounts of self-induction; pitch having less amounts of Self-induction;
the curreintr-undulation circuits Ser Ying for the current-undulation circuits Serving ?olº
tones of mediulin pitch having less all Oults tones of high pitch having Irelatively small
of self-induction; the current-Endulation cil amounts of self-induction; Sulch Varying
cuits serving for tones of high pitch having amounts of self-induction being, ill the result,
relatively small almounts of Self-indiction; given to the di Eferent current-u, Indulation cir
such varying amounts of Self-induction being cuits before mentioned, that in general each
55 given to the different current-lindulation cil tends strongly to suppress the higher Over
cuits that, in general, each circuit tends tones and harshc' component of the clectrical
strongly to Suppress the higli ei O Veit,0}} eS and tone or tones for which it selves, With Ollt
harsher components of the electrical tone or injuriously weakening the ground tone O'
tones for which it selves, without injuriously ground tones thereof; and a keyboard of
?? Weakening the ground tone or ground tones pitch-keys, controlling the action of the Vil) l’al
thereof; and inductional undulation-generat tion-generating apparatus Upon the Vibril
ing mechanism, Serving to D’Odluce the 'equi tion-translatingº alpoj )a, l'attill S.
site electrical undulations in the varioli Scil'- (30. An alectrical music-distributing system,
cuits before in entioned, such till dilation-gell including a multiplicity of cominon-receiver
erating mechanism including (CI) a multiplic vibration-translating devices, in coillbination
ity of theotolimes, ?lhaving wi})}";ation fi'e quell with a central-station clectrical music-vil) 1'al
cies corresponding to the notes of a musical tion-generating apparatus, including (t) a
580,035 83
multiplicity of current-undulation circuits; ums before mentioned; and (c) note-control

(b) inductional undulation - generating de lers, whereby the various vibration-generat
i
Vices, whereby current - undulations of the ing devices are made to sound their respec 7 ?
requisite frequencies are produced induct tive notes, each as required, in the vibration
ively in the different current-undulation cir translating appalatills.
cuits before mentioned; the different current 64. In an electrical music-generating sys
undulation circuits before mentioned serving tem, and in combination therein with one or
for tones of different pitches; the current-un more common-receiver vibration-translating 75
dulation circuits serving for low tones having
I. ? l'elatively large amounts of self-induction;
devices, an apparatus Serving to generate elec
trical vibrations corresponding to the notes
the current-l'Indulation circuits serving for of a musical composition, Said apparatus in
notes of medium pitch having less amounts cluding (a) a set of inductoriums, correspond
of Self-induction; the current-undulation cir ing to the notes of a musical scale, through
cuits serving for tones of high pitch having one or more octaves; (b) a set of vibration
relatively small amounts of self-induction; generating devices, having vibration fre
such varying amounts of self-induction being, quencies corresponding to the notes of a mu
in the result, given to the different current sical scale, serving to produce vibrations in
undulation circuits before mentioned, that in the primaries of the different inductoriums
general each tends strongly to suppress the
2 ? higher overtones and harsher components of
before linentioned; and (c) note-controllers,
whereby the various vibration-generating de
the electrical tone or tones for which it serves, vices aforesaid are made to Sound their re
Without injuriously weakening the ground spective notes, each as required, in the vibra
tOne or ground tones thereof; and (c) note tion-translating apparatus. 9O
colltroller's controlling the action of the vibra 65. In an electrical music-generating sys
tion-generating apparatus upon the vibration tem, and in combination therein with one or
translating devices. more common-l'eceiver vibration-translating
61. In an apparatus for generating music devices, an apparatus for generating musical
electrically, and in combination, a multiplic electrical undulations, including a multiplic
ity of rheotomes, having vibration frequen ity of inductoriums: ineans whereby elec
cies corresponding with the notes of a mu trical vibrations, of frequencies correspond
sical Scale through one or more octaves; a ing to different notes, are produced in the
plurality of inductoriums; some serving for primaries of different inductoriums; and a
notes of high pitch, and other's serving for keyboard of pitch-keys, operating to close sec
notes of low pitch; each inductorium having ondary circuits of the aforesaid inductoriums.
35 at least one rheotome-controlled primary cir 66. In an electrical music-generating sys
cuit and at least one secondary; a keyboard tem, and in combination therein with one or
of pitch-keys, and circuit-controlling devices more common-receivel' vibration-translating
operated thereby. devices, an apparatus for generating the rec
62. In an electrical music-distributing sys uisite electrical undulations including (a) a
- O tem, a plurality of common-receiver vibra rheotome, (b) a rheotome-interrupted circuit,
tion-translating devices, located at different and (c) a circuit in which current-undulations
points, in combination with a central-station are produced inductively as a consequence of
Vibration-generating apparatus, including a the current-vibrations in the rheotome-inter ?. 1. ?
multiplicity of rheotomes, having vibration rupted circuit; and a single key, Serving to
frequencies corresponding with the notes of a close both of the circuits before mentioned.
musical Scale through one or more octaves; a (37. In an electrical music-distributing sys
plurality of inductoriums, some serving for tem, and in combination, a plurality of com
notes of high pitch and others serving for non-receiver vibration-translating devices; a I I5
notes of low pitch; each inductorium having common supply - circuit, from ol' by which
at least one rheotome-controlled primary cir electrical vibrations are supplied to the colm
cuit and at least one secondary; and a key mon-receiver vibration-translating devices; a
board of pitch-keys, controlling the action of plurality of feeding-coils, forming parallel
the other parts before mentioned upon the Vi branches to the common supply-circuit, and
bration-translating devices. serving to supply different tones thereto; in
63. In an electrical music-generating sys ductional undulation - generating devices,
tem, and in combination therein with one or whereby the requisite electrical undulations
more common-receiver vibration-translating are produced in the feeding-coils before men
devices, an apparatus serving to generate elec tioned, when their circuits are closed; and I 25
trical vibrations, corresponding to the notes suitable circuit-controlling devices, whereby
?? of a musical composition, said apparatus in the branch circuits of the various feeding
cluding (C) a plurality of inductoriums some coils before mentioned are closed at Will.
Serving for low notes, some serving for high (3S. In an electrical music-distributing sys
notes, and some for notes of medium pitch; tem, and in combination, a plurality of com
(l) vibration-generating devices having vi mon-receiver vibration-translating devices; a
bration frequencies corresponding to the comunon supply - circuit, from Or by which
notes of a musical scale, serving to produce electrical undulations are supplied to the com
vibrations in the primaries of the inductori mon-receiver vibration-translating devices;
3? 580,035
and a plurality of feeding-coils, forming par of tone-purifying devices, whereby different

allel branches to the common supply-circuit, tones are purified separately; and (c) note
and serving to supply different tones thereto; controllers, whereby the di ?ferent Vibration
inductional undulation – generating devices, generating devices are made to sound their
5 whereby the requisite electrical undulations respective notes, each as 'equired, in the Wi
are produced in the feeding-coills before imen bration-translating appa l'atls.
tioned when their circuits aire closed; and a 73. In an electrical music-genell'iting sy’S-
keyboard of pitch-keys, controlling the brainch tem, one or more common-receive vibration
circuits of the feeding-coils before mentioned. translating devices, operating to translate
O (39. In an electrical music-generating sys electrical vibrations into audible vibrations,
tem, one or more common-receiver vibration in combination with a device serving to syll
translating devices, serving to translate nu thesize a composite 1nusical Sound electric So
sical electrical vibrations into audible music, ally, including () a plurality of Vibration
in combination with an apparatus serving to generating devices, whereby musical tones of
generate the requisite electrical vibrations, di (ferent pitches are produced; (b) a circuit
said apparatus including (CI) vibration-gen to which vibrations are propagated inclic
erating devices, adapted to piroduce the notes tively from the vibration-generating (levices
of a musical scale electrically; (b) a plurality before mentioned; and (c) a plurality of tone
of tone-purifying devices, whereby different purifying devices, interposed between the
tones are purified separately; and (c) note vibration - generating devices before men
controllers, whereby the different vibration tioned and the circuit before hention cd; dif
generating devices are made to sound their ferent tone - purifying de vices ope'alting to
respective notes, each as required, in the Yi. purify different tones.
bration-translating apparatus. 74. In an electrical music-ge}}eating sys
70. In an electrical music-generating sys tem, and in Combination therein With Olle O'
tem, one or more common-receiver vibration more common-l'eceive' vibration-translating
translating devices, serving to translate mu devices, a device serving to generate a coln
sical electrical vibrations into audible music, posite musical sound electrically, including
in combination with an apparatus serving to (a) a plurality of circuits; (b) means where
generate the requisite electrical vibrations, by current-vibrations, corresponding to dif
said apparatus including (CI) vibration-gell forent tones, are produced in said circuits;
erating devices, adapted to produce the notes (c) a circuit to which vibrations are l'ola
of a musical scale electrically; (b) a plurality gated inductively from the vibration-gener ? ? ?
of tOne-purifying devices, selyingfor the puri ating deyicos beforo inciationed; and ((l) at
3 5 fying of tones of different pitches, and oper plurality of tone-purifying de vices, induc
ating to purify their respective tones by stic tively intermediate the circuits first in this
cessive inductive transfers; and (c) note-con paragraph inentioned and the circuit last
trollers, whereby the different vibration-gen above linentioned; said tone -l lifying de
erating devices are made to sound their re vices including each one or more closed cir
4. O spective notes, each as required, in the vibra cuits, serving to receive vil}rations by induc
tion-translating apparatus. tion from one of the circuits first in this para
71. in an electrical music-generating sys graph in entioned and to t'ailsfel' such vibra
tiem, Suitable vibration-translating appra tions by induction to the other circuit, above II. ?
tus, Serving to translate musical electrical rheintioined.
vibrations into audible music, in combination 75. In an electrical in usic-genei'a ting sys
with an apparatus Serving to generate the tiem, composito-tone-generatiing de Vice in
requisite electrical vibrations, said apparatus cluding, il combination, au circuit, and a plu
including (Ct) vibration-generating devices, r:lity of vibration-generating devices, having I 5
adapted to produce the notes of a musical vibration frequencies corresponding to dif
scale electrically; (b) a plurality of tone-pu fei'ent partials of the same composite tone,
rifying devices, different tone-purifying de serving to produce vibrations in the circuit
vices Serving for the purifying of tones of before entioned; and a key, controlling the
different pitches; and (c) a keyboard of pitch vibration - geneiating devices before men
keys, whereby the different vibration-gener tioned.
ating devices are made to sound their respec 76. In all electrical in usic-generating sys
tive notes, each as required, in the vibration tenn, and in combination therein with a line
translating apparatus. and one or more common-receive' vibration
72. In an electrical music-generating sys translating de vices, a composite-tone-gen el
tem, one or more common-receiver vibration ating de vice, acting to generate electrical vi
?? translating devices, serving to translate mu birations corresponding to diffe l’ent compo
sical electrical vibrations into audible music, nents of the Sanne composite tone; and al note
in combinatio}). With an apparatus seiving to controlling device, extra the line, operating
generate the requisite electrical vibrations; to bring said composite-tone-generating de
said apparatus including (c) an organization vice into action tipon the line.
of rotatory rate-governor's, adapted to pro 77. In an electrical music-generating sys
duce electrical vibrations corresponding to tem, and in combination therein with a line
the notes of a musical scale; (b) a plurality and one or more collimon-receiver vibration
580,035 5
translating devices, a composite-tone-gener- responding to the different component tones

ating device acting to produce electrical vi aforesaid are produced simultaneously in the
brations corresponding to different compo different coils aforesaid; suitable vibration 7?
ments of the same composite tone; and a note translating apparatills; and a key, governing
controlling device intermediate the compos the action of said coils upon said vibration
ite-tone-generating device aforesaid and the translating appalatus, and Serving to afford
line, whereby the different components afore facility to the performer to produce at Will,
Said are thrown upon the line. by its malnipulation, a composite tone from 75
7S. In an electrical music-generating sys the vibration-translating apparatus aforesaid.
O tem, and in combination, a circuit; one or S3. In an electrical music-generating sys
more common-receiver vibration-translating tem, and in combination, a plurality of coils,
devices, supplied with vibrations by said cir corresponding respectively to different com
cuit; and a plurality of normally - coacting ponents Of the Same Composite tone; means So
electrical vibration-generating devices, ha Y whereby electrical vibrations, of frequencies
ing Vibration frequencies corresponding to corresponding to the different component
different partials of the same composite tone, tones aforesaid are produced in the different
acting simultaneously to produce a composite coils aforesaid; a vibration-combining circuit,
musical tone from the vibration-translating to which vibrations are transferred by induc
devices before mentioned. tion from the various coils before mentioned;
79. In an electrical music-generating sys and a key, controlling the action of the coils
tem, and in combination, a plurality of com before mentioned upon the vibration-com
mon-receiver vibration-translating devices; a bining circuit, aforesaid, and serving to afford
plurality of circuits, corresponding respec facility to the performer to produce a com 9O
tively to different components of the same posite toine at Will, by its manipulation.
25 composite tone; means whereby electrical vil S4. In an electrical music-generating sys
brations, of frequencies corresponding to dif tein and in combination, (C) suitable vibra
ferent components of the same composite tone, tion-translating devices, operating to trans
are produced in the different circuits before late musical electical vibrations into audible
mentioned; and a key, controlling said cir music; (b) a composite-tone generating de
CulitS. vice, serving to produce a musical note by
80. In an electrical music-generating sys Synthesis and including for this purpose a
tem, and in combination therein with a line plurality of coils and a plurality of normally
and One or more common-l'eceiver vibration coacting inductional uldulation-generating OO
trailslating devices, a composite-tone-gener devices, Serving simultaneously to produce
ating device, including (a) a plurality of cir in the coils before mentioned, electrical un
cuits, corresponding respectively to different du lations having vibration frequencies cor
components of the same composite tone; (b) responding to different components of the
means whereby electrical vibrations corre composite tolle which they coact to produce. I O5
sponding to different components of the same S5. In an electrical music-generating sys
o composite tone are produced in the different tem, and in combination, a line; One Or in Ole
circuits before mentioned; and a note-con vibration-translating devices, supplied with
trolling device, extra the line, Operating to Vibrations by the line; and a Vibration-gen
bring the circuits before mentioned into op erating apparatus, Serving to Supply electrical IC
eration upon the line So that a composite tone vibrations to the line, and including (Ct) a
45 is produced therein. plurality of coils, (lo) indictional undulation
S. In an electrical music-generating sys generating mechanisin, Sel'ving to produce
tiem, and in combination, a line; one or minore simultaneously in the coils before mentioned,
vibration-translating devices, supplied with electrical vibrations, of frequencies corre II.5
vibrations by the line, and operating to trans sponding to different components of the same
late hausical electrical vibrations into audible composite tone, and (c) a key, Operating to
in usic; a plurality of circuits, corresponding biting the coils before mentioned into action
to different components of the same composite upon the line, and serving to afford facility
tOne, and arralnged in Such a manner that to the performer to throw a composite tone I 2?
they act, when closed, upon the line induc upon the line by its manipulation.
tively; means whereby electrical vibrations, SG. In an electrical music-generating sys
of frequencies corresponding to different com tem, and in coin bination, a circuit; a device
ponents of the same composite tone, are pro for generating in said circuit electrical undu
duced in the circuit before mentioned; and lations, corresponding to a composite tone, I 25
a note-controlling device, Serving to close the including a plurality of rheotomes, having
circuits before mentioned as acting upon the vibration frequencies, corresponding to dif
line inductively. ferent partials of the Saline composite tone;
S2. In an electrical music-generating sys and a key, controlling the rheotomes afore
teln and in combination, a plurality of coils, Said.
corresponding respectively to different coal S7. In a in electrical in usic-generating sys
ponents of the same composite tone: induc tein, and in combination therein with a line
tional undulation-generating devices, where and One O' mOi’e GO?n?non-receiver Vibration
by electrical tindulations of frequencies cor translating devices, a composite-tone-gener
36 580,035
ating device, including rheotomes, operating tion-generating devices, having vibration fre
to produce different components of the same quencies correspondling to different partials
composite tone, and a note-controlling device,
of the same composite tone, acting upon the 7O
extra the line, Serving to bring said theotomes
circuit last above mentioned to produce vi
into action upon the line. brations therein; and a note-controlling de
SS. In an electrical music-generating sys vice inserted in said circuit.
tem, and in combination therein with a line 94. In an electrical music-generating sys
and one or more common-receiver Vibration tem, and in coin bination therein with a line 75
translating devices, a composite-tone-gener and One or mo'e Common-receive1 wil) ration
1? ating device, including (a) a plurality of cir translating devices, a composite-tone-gener
cuits; (b) rheotomes operating to produce dif ating device, including (a) a circuit, acting
ferent components of the same composite tone inductively upon the line aforesaid to supply
in the different circuits aforesaidl; said ci electrical vibrations thereto; (U) means act
cuits acting upon the line aforesaid induc ing to produce electrical vibrations, col're
tively; and (c) a note-controlling device, ex sponding to different partials of the same
tra the line, controlling the action upon said composite tone, in the circuit last : foresaid;
line of the vibration-generating devices afore and (c) a note-controlling device, extra the
said. line, whereby the composite-tone-generating
S9. In an electrical music-generating sys device aforesaid is brought into action upon
2 ? tem, means serving to produce a composite the line.
musical note, including in combination,a, plu 95. In an electrical music-generating sys
rality of common-receiver vibration-translat tem, and in combination therein with a line
ing devices; a plurality of rheotomes, having alin dl One Oliº moro conn mon-receiWCer Vib'ation 9 O
vibration frequencies corresponding to diffei'- translating devices, a composite-tone-gener
2 5 ent partials of the same composite tone; cir ating device, including (a) a plurality of cir
cuits acted on by Said rheotomes; and a key, cuits; (b) means Wilhereby different compo
serving to bring said rheotomes into action nents of the Sanne composite tone are pro
upon said circuits. duced in said circuits; (c) a circuit to which
90. In an electrical music-generating sys vibrations are communicated by induction
tem, a device Serving to produce a composite from the circuits aforesaid, said circuit oper
musical note electrically, including, in coin ating upon the line inductively to transfer its
bination, a plurality of primary circuits; rheo vibrations thereto; and (d) a note-controlling
tomes having vibration frequencies corre device, whereby the composite tone produced ??
sponding to different partials of the same com by the means aforesaid is thrown upon the
posite tone, Serving to produce vibrations in line, when required.
said primary circuits; a Vibration-combining 96. In an electrical music-generating sys
circuit, to which vibrations are propagated teim, and in Combination therein with a line
by induction from the primary circuits befor and one or more common-l'eceiver vibration 1?
mentioned; and a key controlling said pri translating devices, a colm Osite-tone-geller
mary circuits. ating device, including, (a) a plurality of cir
91. In an electrical music-generating sys cuits; (b) means whereby different compo
tem, means for producing a composite musical nents of the saime composite tone are pro
note electrically, including a plurality of in duced in said circuits; (c) a circuit to which
ductoriums, having each a secondary circuit Vibrations are communicated by induction
of its own, in combination with a plurality of from the circuits aforesaid, said circuit opc
normally - coacting vibration - generating de ating upon the line inductively to produce
vices, having Vibration frequencies, corre vibrations therein; and (d) a note-controlling
sponding to different partials of the same com device inserted in thc circuits first above I
posite tone, acting together to produce elec Innen tioned.
trical vibrations in primary circuits of the in 97. In an electilical music-generating sys
ductoriums before mentioned. tein, and in combination therein with a line
92. In an electrical music-generating sys and one or more colm non-receiver vibration
tem, and in combination, a plurality of induc translating devices, a composite-tone-genel
toriums; a plurality of Vibration-generating ating device, including (a) a plurality of cir
55 devices, serving to produce electrical vibra cuits; (b) means whereby different compo
tions in the primaries of the different induc nents of the salme composite tone are pro
toliums before mentioned, and having Vibra duced in said circuits; (c) a circuit to which
tion frequencies corresponding to different vibrations ale communicated by induction
partials of the same composite tone; and a key, from the circuits aforesaid, said circuit oper
controlling the production of vibrations in the ating upon the line to produce vibrations
primaries of the different inductoriums before therein; and (d) a note-controlling device,
mentioned. serving to close both the circuits first in this
93. In an electrical music-generating sys paragraph mentioned and also the other cir
tem, and in combination, a line; One or limore cuit before mentioned as operating upon the
vibration-translating devices, supplied with line to produce the vibrations therein.
vibrations by the line; a circuit, serving to 9.S. In an electical music-generating sys
supply electrical vibrations to the line; vibra tem, and in combination, a plurality of cir
580,035 37
cuits; vibration-generating devices, having musical tone electrically, including a circuit

vibration frequencies corresponding to dif and a plurality of rotatory late-governors,
ferent partials of the same composite tone, having vibration frequencies corresponding 7 ?
serving to produce electrical vibrations in the to different partials of the same composite
circuits before amentioned; a circuit to which tone, acting simultaneously to produce elec
vibrations are propagated inductively from trical vibrations in the cil'cuit before men
the circuits before mentioned; and a key, tioned, by induction.
serving to close both the circuit last above 103. In an electrical music-generating sys
mentioned and also the other circuits, first in tem, and in combination therein with colm
?? this paragraph mentioned. mon - receiver vibration-translating devices,
99. In an electrical music-generating sys a plurality of rotatory rate-governors, having
tem, Suitable vibration-translating appalatus, vibration frequencies corresponding to dif
operating to translate electrical vibrations ferent partials of the same composite tone So
into audible aerial vibrations, in combination acting by induction simultaneously to pro
With a device serving to synthesize a compos duce a composite musical note from the com
ite musical tone electrically, including (Ca) a non-receiver vibration - translating devices
plurality of vibration - generating devices, before mentioned; and a key, serving to bring
having vibration frequencies corresponding said rotatory rate-governors into action upon
to different partials of the same composite the common-l'eceiver vibration - translating
2? tone, and (b) a plurality of tone-purifying de devices before mentioned. -
vices; different tone-purifying devices serv 104. În an electrical music-generating sys
ing for the purifying of different components tem, a device serving to generate a composite
of the tone. musical tone electrically, including a, plu 9 D
100. In an electrical music-generating sys rality of circuits; a plurality of rotatory rate
25 tem, suitable vibration-translating apparatus, governors, having vibration frequencies co
operating to translate electrical vibrations responding to different partials of the same
into audible aerial vibrations, in combination composite tone, serving by their rotation to
with a device, serving to synthesize a com cause electricalvibrations-to be produced si 95
posite musical tone electrically, and includ multaneously in the circuits before men
ing (Ca) a plurality of vibration-generating de tioned; and a vibration-combining circuit, to
vices, having vibration frequencies corre which electrical vibrations are propagated by
sponding to different partials of the same colm induction from the circuits before mentioned,
posite tone; (b) a vibration-combining circuit, so that resultant electrical undulations, cor I OO
to which vibrations are propagated induc responding to the composite tone required are
tively from the various vibration-generating formed in said vibration-combining circuit.
devices before mentioned; and (c) a plurality 105. In an electrical music-generating Sys
of tone-purifying devices, interposed between tem, and in combination therein with one or
the vibration-generating devices before men more coin mon-receiver vibration-translating
tioned and the vibration-combining circuit devices, a composite-tone-generating device,
before mentioned; different tone-purifying including (CI) a plurality of circuits; (b) lo
devices serving for the purifying of different tatory rate-goverhol's, serving by their rota
components of the tone. tion to cause electrical vibrations to be pro
101. In an electrical music-generating sys duced in the circuits before mentioned, said I I. ?
tem, a composite-tone-generating device, in rotatory rate-governors having vibration fre
45 cluding in combination, (c) a plurality of cir quencies corresponding to different partials
cuits; (b) means whereby current-vibrations, of the same composite tone; and (c) a note
corresponding in frequencies to different com controlling device, controlling the circuits be
ponents of the same composite tone, are pro fore mentioned. II 5
duced in said circuits; (c) a vibration-combin 106. În an electrical music-generating sys
ing circuit, serving to combine the vibrations tem, and in combination therein with a line
corresponding to different components of the and one or more common-receiver vibration
same composite tone into one series of com translating devices, a composite-tone-genel
posite vibrations and (d) a plurality of tone ating device, including (a) a plurality of cir I 2?
purifying devices, inductively intermediate cuits; (b) rotatory rate-governor's, acting to
the circuits first in this paragraph mentioned produce electrical vibrations, corresponding
and the vibration-combining circuit above to different components of the same composite
mentioned; said tone-purifying devices in tone, in the different circuits aforesaid; and
cluding each one or more closed circuits, serv (c) a note-controlling device, extra the line, I 25
ing to receive vibrations by induction from controlling the action upon the line of the ro
one of the circuits first, in this paragi'aph men tatory rate-governors aforesaid.
tioned and to transfer such vibrations by in 107. In an electrical music-generating sys
duction to the vibration-combining circuit tem, and in combination therein with a line
above mentioned. and one or more common-receiver Vibration
102. In an electrical music-generating sys translating devices, a composite-tone-gener
tem, and in combination therein. With one or ating device, including (a) a plturality of cir
lmore common-receiver vibration-translating cuits; (b) rotatory rate-governors, acting to
devices, a device for generating a composite produce electrical vibrations, corresponding
580,085
to different components of the same composite circuit, subjected to inductive influences re
tone, in the different circuits aforesaid; and sulting from the current - Variations in the
(c) a note-controlling device intermediate the rheotone-affected cii'cuits before mentioned, 7 O
rotatory rate - governors aforesaid and the so that electrical undulations, Correspon(ling
5 line. to a composite musical note, are generated in
108. In an eiectrical music-generating sys the vibration-combining circuit aforesaid.
tem, means for generating a composite mu 113. in an electrical music-generating sys
sical tone electrically, including, in combina tein, all d in coln bination therein with suitable
tion, (C) suitable common-receiver vibration Vibration-translating apparatus, a compositic
IO translating devices; (b) a plurality of coils; (c) tone-generating device, including a plurality
a plurality of rotatory rate-governo's, having of circuits, a pillaity of 'otatoly rheotones,
vibration frequencies corresponding to differ having vibration freuencies Corresponding
ent partials of the same coin posite tone, serv to diffei'ent, artials of the same composite So
ing by their rotations to cause electrical vi toine; acting simultaneously to produce elec
I5 brations to be produced inductively in the trical Vibrations in the circuits a foresaid; a
coils before mentioned simultaneously. vibration-combining circuit, subjected to ill
109. In an electrical music-generating sys ductive influences resulting from the current
tem, means for generating a composite inu Valiations in the 'heotone-affected circuits
sical tone, including, in combination, suitable before mentioned; and a note-controlling de
2O vibration-translating apparatus operating to vice, serving to bring the vibration-generat
translate electrical vibrations into audible ing devices before mentioned into action upon
aerial vibrations; a plurality of coils; a plu the vibration-translating appalatus.
rality of rotatory rate-governors:, ha Ying Vi IT 4. In an electrical music-generating sys 9 O
bration frequencies corresponding to di ?fer tem, and in coal bination therein with a line
25 ent partials of the same col}lposite tone, Serv and One or more con non-l'eceiver vibration
ing by their rotations to cause electrical vibra translating devices, a composite-tone-gener
tions to be produced inductively in the coils ating device, including (a) at piliirality of cir
before mentioned simultaneously; and a note cuits; () rotatory rheotones, whereby elec
controlling device, controlling the action upon tlical vibrations correspondiing to different
3o the vibration-translating devices of the other components of the saine composite tone are
parts before mentioned. produced in the different circuits a foresaid;
110. In an electrical music-generating sys and (c) a note-controlling device, extra the IO
tem, and in combination therein with a line line afol'esaid, controlling the action upon the
and One or more common-recoiver violation line of the rotatory rheotomes aforesaid.
35 translating devices, a composite-tone-gene II.5. In an electrical music-generating sys
ating device, including (a) a plurality of Coils; te:n, and in combination therein with : line
(b) rotatory rate-governor's, corresponding to and one (): hole coin non-receiver Vibration
different components of the same composite tl'anslati ing devices, il composite-toine-gener
tone, serving by their rotations to cause elec ating device, including (a) a plurality of cir
4o trical vibrations to be produced inductively cuits; (b) rotatory rheotones, whereby elec
in the coils before mentioned; and (c) a note trical vibrations corresponding to different
controlling device, extra the line aforesaid, components of the Same composite tone ai'e I I. ?
controlling the action upon the line of the produced in the diffei'ent circuits aforesaid;
rotatory rate-governors a foresaid. and (c) a note-controlling device, intermedi
45 111. In an electrical music-generating sys ate the rheotones aforesaid and the line.
tem, and in combinatian therein with a line Il G. in an electrical music-generating sys
and one or more common-receiver vibration te, and in coin bination, a plu'ality of conn
translating devices, a composite-tone-gener non-receive vibration-tiranslating devices, I I5
ating device, including (a) a plurality of Coils; and a multilicity of groups of electrical vi
5o (b) rotatory rate-governor’s, corresponding to bration-generato's; diffei'ent vibration-gen
different components of the same composite clators of a group serving for the production
tone, Serving by their rotations to cause elec of different components of the sane compos
trical vibrations to be produced inductively ite tone, and the different groups of vibration I 2 ?
in the coils before mentioned; and (c) a note generators ser Ying for the production of the
55 controlling device, intermediate the coils notes of a linsical scale through One or lore
aforesaid and the line, controlling the action Octave8.
of said coils upon the line. 117. In an electrical in usic-gene'i.ting sys
112. In an electrical music-generating sys tem, and in colmabination, a plurality of coni
tem, and in combination therein with suitable moil-receiver vibration-translating devices,
6o common - receiver vibration - translating do and a multiplicity of groups of electrical vi
vices, a composite-tone-synthesizing device, l}}ration-generators; different vibration-gen
including a plurality of circuits, a plurality erators of a group serving for the production
of rotatory rheotomes, having vibration fre of different components of the Same compos
quencies corresponding to different partials ite tone, and the different groups of vibration
65 of the same composite tone acting simultane generato's serving for the production of the
ously to produce electrical vibrations in the notes of a musical scale through one or more
circuits aforesaid; anda Yibration-combining , octaves; and note-controlling devices, each
580,085 3.
controlling the action of one of the groups of above mentioned upon the Vibration-trans
electrical vibration-generators before men lating devices.
tioned upon the common-receiver vibration 122. In an electrical in usic system and in
translating devices. combination, a plurality of common-receive' 7 O
IIS. In an electrical music-generating sys vibration-translating devices, and means for
term and in combination, a plurality of com generating the requisite electrical ulndula
moll-receiver Vibration-translating devices, tions, including a multiplicity of groups of
and a set of composite-tone-synthesizing de rheotones, each group, in general, including
vices, each including a group of circuits and a rheotome, Serving to produce the ground 75
I. ? vibration - generating devices whereby elec tone of a hote and one or inno'e other rheo
trical vibrations corresponding in periodicity tones serving to produce one or more over
to different partials of a composite tone are tones of such ground toine; the different
generated in the different circuits of a group, ground-tone rheotones having vibration fre
as required; the different circuits of a group quencies corresponding to the motes of a mu So
serving for the development of different com sical scale through One ol' more Octaves.
ponents of the same musical note, and the 123. In an electrical music system, and in
different groups of circuits serving for the combination, a plurality of common-l'eceiver
production of the notes of a musical scale vibration-translating devices, and means for
through one or more octaves. generating the requisite electrical undula
119. In an electrical music-generating sys tions including a multiplicity of groups of
tem, and in combination, a plurality of com rheotomes, each group in general including a
non-receiver Vibration-translating devices; rheotone serving to produce the ground tone
a set of composite-tone-generating devices, of a note, and one or limore other rheotomes
each including a group of circuits, and vibra serving to produce one or more overtones of 9 O
25 tion - generating devices, whereby electrical such ground tone, the different ground-tone
vibrations corresponding in periodicityto dif rheotomes having vibration frequencies cor
ferent pártials of a composite tone are pro responding to the notes of a musical scale
duced in different circuits of a group, as re through one or more octaves; and a key
quired; the different circuits of a group serv board of pitch-keys, each key, in general,
ing for the development of different compo controlling the action of a ground-tone l'heo
nents of the Same musical note; and the dif tonne and One Ol' in Ore OvertOne-rheotolmes
ferent groups of circuits serving for the pro upon the vibration-translating devices.
duction of the notes of a musical scale through 124. In an electrical music-generating sys
One or more octaves; and note-controlling tem, and in combination, a plurality of com 1 ? ?
devices, each controlling the action of one of non-receiver vibration-translating devices,
the groups of circuits above mentioned pon and an apparatus Serving to generate the
the Vibration-translating devices. requisite electrical vibrations, including a set
120. In an electrical music-generating sys of rotatory rate-governors, serving for the pro
tem, a set of composite-tone-synthesizing de duction of ground tones of notes; and One or
vices, each including a group of coils, in conn more supplemental sets of rotatory rate-gov
bination with inductional vibration-generat ei'no's, acting simultaneously for the produc
ing devices, whereby electrical vibrations cor tion of ovel tones for the notes.
responding to different partials of a note are 125. În an electrical music-generating sys
generated in the different coils of a group, as tem, and in combination, a plurality of com It)
45 required; the different coils of a group serving mon-receiver vibration-translating devices,
for the development of different components and an apparatus Serving to generate the
of a tone for which such group serves, and requisite electrical vibrations, including a set
the different groups of coils serving for the of circuits serving for the production of
production of the notes of a musical scale ground tones of notes; and one or more Sup I I5
through one or more octaves. plemental sets of circuits, Serving simulta
121. In an electrical music-generating sys neously for the production of overtones of
tem, and in combination, a plurality of com notes; and rotatory rate governors, serving to
mon-receiver vibration-translating devices; cause electrical vibrations of the requisite
a set of composite-tone-generating devices frequencies in the circuits before mentioned.
55 each including a group of coils, and induc 126. In an electrical music-generating sys
tional vibration-generating devices, whereby tem, and in combination, a plurality of com
electrical vibrations corresponding to differ mon-receiver vibration-translating devices,
ent partials of a tone are generated in differ and an apparatus Serving to generate the
ent coils of a group, as required; the different requisite electrical vibrations including a set
?? coils of a group serving for the developinent of coils serving for the production of ground
of different components of the tone for which tones of notes; one Or in Ole Supplemental Sets
Such group serves, and the different groups of coils serving simultaneously for the pro
of coils serving for the production of the notes duction of overtones of notes; and rotatory
of a musical Scale through one or more oc rate-governor's serving to cause electrical vi
taves; and note-controlling devices, each con brations of the requisite frequencies in the
trolling the action of one of the groups of coils coils before linentioned.
40 580,035
127. In an electrical music-distributing sys given off by the vibration-translating appa

tem, and in combination, a common supply ratul S.
circuit; suitable vibration - translating de 131. In an electrical music-generating sys
vices, fed from or by said common supply-cir tem, and in combination, (a) a line; (d) one or
cuit; and an apparatus Serving to produce in more common-receiver vibration-translating
the common supply - circuit, the notes of a devices; (c) electrical vibration - generating
musical composition electrically with suitable devices, acting to produce the notes of a mu
composite tones, including a set of rotatory sical scale in said line; (d) note-controllers,
rate-governor's serving for the production of whereby the different notes are thrown upon
I. ? ground tones of notes; and one or more sup the line, each as required; and (e) current-reg
plemental sets of rotatory late - governors ulator eXpression mechanism, extra, the line,
serving for the production of overtones for operating to govern the loudness of Sounds
the notes; corresponding members of the dif given off by the vibration-translating appa
ferent Sets of late-governors above mentioned ratul S. Sc
acting simultaneously to produce composite 132. In an electrical music-generating sys
electrical vibrations in the circuit first in this tem, and in combination, (Cl) a line; (b) one or
paragraph mentioned. more common-receiver vibration-translating
12S. In an electrical music-distributing sys devices; (c) electrical vibration - generating
tem, and in combination, a common supply devices, acting to produce the notes of a mu
2 ? circuit; suitable vibration - translating de sical scale in said line; (d) note-controllers,
vices, fed from or by said common supply-cir whereby the different notes are thrown upon
cuit; and an apparatus Serving to produce in the line, each as required; and (e) current-reg
the common Supply - circuit the notes of a ulator expression mechanism, operating to
musical composition electrically, with suit govern the loudness of sounds produced by
25 able composite tones, including a set of cir the vibration-translating apparatus by gov
cuits serving for the production of ground erning the voltage of the vibrations thrown
tones of notes; one or more supplemental sets upon the line.
of circuits, serving for the production of over 133. In all electrical music-generating sys
tones for the notes; rotatory rate-governors tem, and in combination, (a) a line; (b) one or
Serving to produce electrical vibrations of the more common-receiver vibration-translating
requisite frequencies in the circuits before devices; (c) vibration - generating devices,
mentioned; corresponding circuits of the dif Whereby the notes of a musical scale are pro
ferent sets above mentioned acting simulta duced in said line electrically; (d) note-con II (
neously to produce composite electrical vi trollers, whereby different notes are thrown
35 brations in the circuits first in this paragraph upon the line, each as required; and (e) suit
mentioned. able current-regulator expression mechanism,
129. In an electrical music-distributing sys intelposed between the vibration-generating
tem, and in combination, a common supply devices aforesaid and the line, operating to II (
circuit; suitable vibration - translating de govern the loudness of sounds produced by
vices fed from Ol' by Said common supply-cir the vibration-translating apparatus.
Clit; and an apparatus Serving to produce in 134. In an electrical music-generating sys
said common supply-circuit the notes of a tem, and in combination, (Cl) a line; (b) one or
musical composition electrically, with suit more common-receiver vibration-translating
able composite tones, including a set of coils devices, supplied with electrical vibration by
45 Serving for the production of ground tones the line, and operating to translate said elec
of notes; One or more Supplemental sets of trical vibrations into audible vibrations; (c) .
coils serving for the production of overtones electrical vibration-generating de vices, cor
for the notes; and rotatory rate-governors responding to the notes of a musical scale
Serving to produce electrical vibrations of the through one or more octaves and serving to
requisite frequencies in the coils before men produce electrical vibrations by induction in
tioned; corresponding coils of the different the line; (d) note-controllers, whereby the vi
sets before mentioned acting simultaneously bration-generating devices are made to pro
to produce composite electrical vibrations in duce their respective notes in the line elec
the circuit first in this paragraph mentioned. trically, as required; and (e) suitable cur
130. In an electrical music-generating sys relnt-regulator expression mechanism, where
tem, and in combination, (a) electrical vibra by the loudness of the sounds given off by the
tion-generating devices, corresponding to the vibration-trainslating devices is governed.
notes of a musical scale through one or more 135. In an electrical music-generating sys
Octaves (b) one or more common-receiver vi tem, and in combination, (a) electrical vibra
?? bration-translating devices; (c) note-control tion-generating devices, serving to generate
lers, whereby the different vibration-generat electrical vibrations corresponding to notes
ing devices are made to produce their respec of a musical composition; (b) One or more
tive notes, each as required, in the vibration common-receiver vibration-translating de
translating apparatus; and (d) current-regul vices; (c) note-controllers, Whereby the dif
lator eXpression mechanism, operating in ferent vibration-translating devices are made
ductively to govern the loudness of the sounds to sound their respective notes, in the vibra
580,035 41
tion-translating apparatus; and (d) current notes of a musical scale through one or more
regulator expression mechanism, operating Octaves, electrically; and (b) one or more
simultaneously with the note-controllers, and expression devices, each including a vibra
Serving to govern the loudness of the sounds tion-emitting circuit, and a vibration-receiv 7 ?
given off by the vibration-translating appa ing circuit, one of said circuits being mount
ratus.
136. In an electrical music-generating sys ed for movement with relation to the other,
so that the loudness of the notes produced
tem, and in combination, (a) a line; (b) vibra by the Vibration-translating devices, located
tion - translating apparatus, supplied with as before mentioned at different places, is 75
I c. electrical vibrations by the line, and operat
varied at will from the central instrument,
ing to translate such vibrations into audible by varying the relative positions of the two
aerial vibrations; (c) vibration - generating circuits above inlentioned.
devices, adapted to produce the notes of a 140. In an electrical music-generating sys
musical scale, and operating to produce elec tem, suitable Vibration-translating apparatus, So
trical vibrations by induction in the line; (d) operating to translate electrical vibrations
keys, whereby the vibration-generating de into audible aerial vibrations, in combination
vices are made to produce their respective with an apparatus seiving to produce the red
notes electrically in the line, each as required; uisite electrical undulations, including (a) a
and (e) current-regulator expression mechan
2 ? ism, controlled by said keys, and serving to
vibration-emitting circuit; (b) means where
by the requisite electrical vibrations are pro
vary the loudness of the tones given off by duced in the vibration-emitting circuit; (c) a
the vibration-translating apparatus. vibration-receiving circuit, in indluctive rela
137. In an electrical music-generating sys tion to the vibration-emitting circuit; and a
tem, and in combination, (C) suitable vibra key, varying the inductive relation subsisting
tion - translating apparatus, operating to between the two circuits named, so that the
translate electrical vibrations into audible loudness of sounds produced by the vibration
aerial vibrations; (b) electrical vibration-gen translating devices is governed at will by
erating devices, adapted to produce the notes means of the key.
of a musical scale electrically; (c) note-con 141. In an electrical music-distributing sys
trollers, whereby the different vibration-gen tem, and in combination, a line; One or more
erating devices are made to sound their re vibration-translating devices, supplied with
spective notes in the vibration-translating electrical vibrations by said line, and operat
apparatus, as required; and (d) one or more ing to translate such vibrations into audible
inductional expression devices, interposed aerial vibrations electrical vibration-generat ? ? ?
between the vibration-generating devices and ing devices, adapted to produce the notes of
the Vibration-translating apparatus, and op a musical scale electrically and operating to
erating to govern the loudness of the sounds produce vibrations in the line aforesaid; note
produced in the vibration-translating appa controllers, whereby the different vibration
ratus, by varying the inductive relation sub generating devices are made to throw their I O5
sisting between vibration-emitting and vibra respective notes upon the line, as required; a
tion-receiving circuits, belonging to said ex current-regulator expression device; and a
pression device or devices. power device, controlling said current-regul
138. An electrical music-distributing sys lator expression device.
tem, including a plurality of common-receiver 142. In an electrical music-generating sys I II CD
45 vibration-translating devices, located in dif tem, and in combination), suitable vibration
ferent places, in combination with a central translating apparat tls; Viboration-generating
electrical music vibration-generating appa devices, operating to produce musical elec
ratus, having (Ca) means for generating the trical vibrations in said vibration-translating
notes of a musical scale through one or more apparatus; a current - regulator expression
Octaves electrically; and (b) one or more device, serving to vary the loudness of sounds
expression devices, each including a vibra produced by the vibration-translating appa
tion - emitting circuit, a vibration - receiving ratus; a power device, controlling said cur
circuit, and means whereby the inductive re rent-regulator expression device; and a key,
lation subsisting between the vibration-emit controlling the action of the power device I 2 ?
ting circuit and the vibration-receiving cir upon the current-regulator expression device.
cuit is varied at will; so that the loudness of 143. In an electrical in usic-generating sys
the notes produced by the vibration-translat tem, and in combination, suitable vibration
ing devices, located as before mentioned, in translating apparatus; vibration-generating
different places, is governed at Will from the devices, operating to produce musical elec I 25
?? central instrument. trical vibrations in said vibration-translating
139. An electrical music-distributing sys apparatus; a current - regulator expression
tem, including a plurality of common-receiver device, serving to valry the loudness of sounds
vibration-translating de vices, located in dif produced by the vibration-translating appa
ferent places, in combination with a central ratus; a power de vice, controlling said expres
electrical music vibration-generating appa sion device, said power device consisting es
ratus, having (Cu) means for generating the sentially of a friction-driver and a contact
580,085 AS
said expression mechanism, and thereby to composite tone; keys, controlling the action
govern the loudness of the sounds produced. of said composite-tone - generating devices
153. In an electrical music-generating sys upon the vibration-translating devices afore
tem, and in combination therein. With a line said; and suitable current-regulator expres
and one or more common-receiver vibration sion mechanism, controlled by Said keys, and
translation devices, (a) vibration-generating operating to govern the loudness of the tones
devices, adapted to produce ground tones of given off by the vibration-translating appa
notes in the line aforesaid, by induction; (b) ratul S. 75
other devices operating to produce one or 15S. In an electrical music-generating sys
I. ? more overtones to the ground tones aforesaid;
tem, and in combination, an organization of
(c) different note-controllers, whereby the va electrical - vibration generators, serving for
rious tones are thrown upon the line, as re the production of electrical vibrations, corre
quired; and (cl) current-regulator expression sponding to the notes of a musical scale; one So
mechanism governing the loudness of the or more common-receiver Vibration-translat
sounds given off by the vibration-translating ing devices, serving to translate electrical vi
apparatus. brations into audible aerial vibrations; sepa
154. In an electrical music-generating sys rate tone-purifying devices for the separate
tem, and in combination therein with a line notes; note-controllers, whereby the different
and one or more common-receiver vibration
2 ? translating devices, an electrical music-gen
vibration-generating devices are made to act
upon the vibration-translating apparatus, for
erating apparatus, including (C) means op the sounding of their respective notes, as re
cerating to produce ground tones or notes in quired in the production of a musical colm
the line aforesaid; (b) other devices operat position; and current-l'egulator expression
ing to produce One or more overtones of the mechanism, whereby the loudness of the
25 ground tones aforesaid; (c) note-controlling sounds given off by the vibration-translating
devices, extra the line, each operating to apparatus is governed at Will.
throw upon the line a ground tone and one 159. In an electrical music-generating sys
or more overtones thereof; and (d) current tem, and in combination, an organization of
regulator expression mechanism, governing electrical-vibration generators, serving for
the loudness of sounds given off by the Vibra the production of electrical vibrations corre
tion-translating apparatus. sponding to the notes of a musical scale; one
155. In an electrical music-generating sys or more common-receiver vibration-translat
tem, and in combination therein with a line ing devices, serving to translate electrical vi OO
and one or more common-receive vibration brations into audible aerial vibrations; a plu
translating devices, an electrical music-gen rality of tone-purifying devices, interposed
erating apparatus, including (C) means op between the vibration-generating devices and
erating to produce ground tones of notes in the vibration-translating devices above men
the line aforesaid; (b) other devices operat tioned, and operating to purify electrical vi
ing to produce one or more overtones of the brations by one or more inductive transfers;
ground tones aforesaid; (c) suitable note said tone-purifying devices serving, Some for
controlling devices; and (d) current-regula the purifying of low tones, some for the puri
tor expression mechanism, extra the line, op fying of high tones, and some for the purify
erating to govern the loudness of sounds ing of tones of medium pitch; note-control 1 ? ?
given off by the vibration-translating appa lers, whereby the different vibration-generat
45 ratul S. ing devices are made to act upon the vibra
156. In an electrical music-generating sys tion-translating apparatus for the sounding
tem, alnd in combination therein with a ling: of their respective notes, as required in the
and one or more common-receiver vibration production of a musical composition; and cur I I5
translating devices, an electrical music-gen rent-regulator expression mechanism, where
erating apparatus, including (() means oper by the loudness of the sounds given off by the
atting to produce ground tones of notes in the vibration-translating apparatus is governed
line aforesaid; (b) other devices operating to at will.
produce one or more overtones of the ground 160. In an electrical music-generating sys
tones aforesaid; (c) suitable note-controlling tem, and in combination therein With One Ol'
devices; and (d) current-regulator expression more common-receiver Vibration-translating
mechanism, operating to govern the loudness devices; electrical vibration-generating de
of Sounds produced by goverling the voltage vices, serving to produce ground tones of
of the vibrations thrown upon the line. notes electrically; other vibration-generating I 25
157. In an electrical music generating or devices, serving simultaneously to produce
distributing system, the combination, with overtones for said ground tones; suitable
One Ol' more common-receiver vibration-trans tone - purifying devices; note - controllers,
lating devices, of a multiplicity of composite whereby the various vibration-generating de
tone-generating devices, each including a plu vices aforesaid are lhade to act upon the Wi
rality of vibration-generating devices, acting bration-translating apparattls, for the Sound
simultaneously to produce in a circuit elec ing of their respective notes, as required; and
trical vibrations having frequencies corre current - regulator expression mechanism,
sponding to different partials of the same whereby the loudness of the sounds given off
44 580,085
by the vibration-translating devices is gov ing devices; (c) all Organization of rotatory
er nedl. rate-governors, adapted to produce the notes
161. In an electrical music-generating sys of a musical Scale through One Ol' in O'e OC 7?
tem, and in combination, (C) suitable vibra taves, operating to produce electrical vibra
tion - translating apparatus; (b) Vibration tions in the line; (d) note-controllers, where
generating devices, serving to produce ground by the different notes are thrown upon the
tones of notes; (c) vibration-generating de line, each as required; and (e) current-regul
vices, Serving simultaneously to produce over lator expression mechanisin, extra the line, 75
tones for the notes; (d) suitable tone-purify operating to govern the loudness of the sounds
ing devices; (e) keys, each, in general, serv produced.
ing to bring into action upon the vibration 166. In an electrical music-generating sys
translating apparatus a ground-tone vibra tem, and in combination, (a) a line; (b) one
tion-generating device and One or more over Or T)n Ore COnhn?nnOn -1'eG:ceiY el? Vil)ration — t1'au?nslat So
tone-vibration-generating devices; and (f) ing devices; (c) all Organization of rotatory
Suitable current-regulator explession mech rate-governors, adapted to produce the notes
amism, whereby the loudness of the sounds of a musical scale through one or more oc
given off by the vibration-translating appa taves, operating to produce electrical vibra
ratus is go Verned. tions in the line; (d) note-controllers, where
162. În an electrical music-generating sys by the different notes are thrown lipoll a line,
2? tem, and in combination, (C) suitable vibra each as required; and (e) current-regulator
tion - translating apparatus; (l) vibration expression mechanism, interposed between
generating devices, Serving to produce ground the rotatory rate-governors aforesaid and the
tOnes of notes; (c) Vibration-generating de line, operating to govern the loudness of the 9 O
vices, serving to pi'oduce overtones for the sounds given off by the vibration-translating
notes; (d) Suitable tone-pullifying devices; appalatill S.
(e) keys, controlling the action of the vibra 1(37. in an electrical music-generating sys
tion-generating devices upon the vibration tem, and in combination, (Cl) a line; (b) one
translating apparatus; and (f) suitable cur or more connnnon-receiver vibration-translat 95
reint-regulator expression mechanism, con ing devices; (c) an organization of rotatory
trolled by the keys before mentioned, and late-governors, adapted to produce the notes
Serving to govern the loudliness of the sounds of a musical scale through one or more oc
given off by the vibration-translating appa taves, operating to produce electrical vibra
ratul S. tions in the line; (d) note-controllers, where I. ?
163. An electrical music-generating system by the different notes are thrown upon the line,
including, in combination, (C) a plurality of each as required; and (e) current-regulator
common-receiver vibration - translating de expression mechanism, Operating inductively
vices; (b) a multiplicity of electrical-vibration to govern the loudness of the Sounds produced
circuits; (c) a multiplicity of rotatory rate by the vibration-translatiling apparat u S.
governors; Serving by their rotations to cause GS. In an electrical music-generating sys
electrical vibrations to be produced in the tem, and in combination, (Cl) a line; (b) one
electrical - Viboration circuits before innen or more Common-receiver Vibration-translat
tioned; (d) driving mechanism for said rate ing devices; (c) an organization of rotatory
governors, whereby different rate-governors rate-governors, adapted to pl’oduce the notes
are given different angular velocities; (e) of a musical scale through One or more oc
45 keys controlling the action of the vibration taves, Operating to produce electrical vibra
generating devices upon the vibration-trans tions in the line; (c) note-controlle's, where
lating devices; and (f) suitable current-reg by the different notes are thrown upon the
ulator expression mechanism, whereby the line, each as required; and (e) current-regu II
loudness of the sounds given off by the vibra lator expression mechanism, opcrating to gov
tion-translating devices is governed at will. ern the loudness of the SOULinds produced by
104. In an electrical music-generating sys governing the voltage of the Vibrations thrown
tem, and in combination, (a) a line; (b) one upon the line.
Or more COIn mon-receiver Vibration-translat 169. In an electrical music-generating sys
ing devices; (c) urotatory rate-governors, cor tem, and in combination, (a) means for gen
55 responding to the notes of a musical scale erating electrical vibrations corresponding to
through One or more octaves, operating to pro the notes of a tune, including a multiplieity
duce electrical vibrations in the line, by in of rotatory rate-governor's, and driving mech
duction; (d) note-controllers, whereby the anism, whereby different late-governors are
different rotatory late-governors are made to given different angular velocities; (b) one or
?? throw their respective notes upon the line, as more common-receiver vibration-translating
required; and (e) suitable current-regulator devices; (c) note-controlers, Whereby the dif
expression mechanism, whereby the loudness ferent rate-governors are made to sound their
of the Sounds given off by the vibration-trans respective notes, as l'equired, in the Vibration
lating apparatus is governed. translating apparatus; and (d) current-regul
165. In an electrical music-generating sys lator expression mechanism, whereby the
tem, and in combination, (a) a line; (b) one loudness of the sounds given off by the vibra
or more common-receiver Vibration-translat tion-translating apparatus is governed.
580,035 45
i.70. In an electrical music-generating sys bration-generating de vices, corresponding to

tem, and in combination, (Cl) a line; (b) one the lnotes of a musical scale through one or
or more vibration-translating devices, sup more octaves; (b) One or more common-re
plied with electrical vibrations by said line, ceiver vibration-translating devices; (c) note
and operating to translate such vibrations controllers, whereby the different vibration
into audible vibrations; (c) means for gener generating devices are made to produce their
ating in the line electrical vibrations corre respective notes, each as required, in the vi
sponding tio notes Of a tuline, including a, plu bration-translating apparatus; and (d)a, plu
rality of rotatory rate-governors, and driving Fality of independently-acting current-regul
1? mechanism, whereby different rate-govern lator expression devices, whereby different
ors are given different angular velocities; notes are made to Sound with different de
(d) note-controllers, whereby the different grees of loudness.
late-governO’S aforesaid are made to sound 174. In an electrical music-generating sys
their notes, as required, in the vibration-trans
tem, and in combination, (a) a line; (b) one
lating apparatus; and (e) current-regulator or more vibration-translating devices, sup
expression mechanism, whereby the loudness plied With electrical vibrations by said line,
of the Sounds given off by the vibration-trans and operating to translate Such vibrations
lating apparattus is governed. into audible vibrations; (c) electrical vibra
17 l. In an electrical music-generating sys tion-generating devices, corresponding to the
2? tem, and in combination, (d) one or more notes of a musical Scale through one Orlmore 7O
common-receiver vibration - translating de Octaves; (d) note - controllers, whereby the
vices; (b) inductional undulation-generating different vibration-generating devices afore
devices, corresponding to the notes of a mu said are made to throw their respective notes
sical scale through one or more octaves; (c) upon the line, as required; and (e) a plurality
25 note - controllers, whereby the different in of independently-acting current-regulator 75
ductional undulation-generating devices are expression devices, whereby different notes
made to Sound their respective notes, as re are made to sound with different degrees of
quired, in the vibration-translating appara lodneSS.
tus; and (d) Suitable current-regulator ex 175. In an electrical music-generating Sys
pression mechanism, whereby the loudness tem, and in combination, (Cl) means for gen So
of the sound given off by the vibration-trans erating electrical vibrations corresponding to
lating apparat US is governed. the notes of a tune, including rotatory rate
172. In an electrical niusic-generating sys governors, and duriving mechanism whereby
tem and in combination, (a) a line; (b) one different rate-governors are given different
Or more Comimon-receive vibration-translat angular Velocities; (O) One or more common
35
ing devices, supplied with electrical vibra receiver vibration - translating devices; (c)
tions by the line, and serving to translate note-controller's, whereby the different rate
said vibrations into audible vibrations; (c) governors are made to sound their respective
inductional undulation - generating devices, notes, as requii'ed, in the vibration-translat
corresponding to the notes of a musical scale ing apparatus; and (d) a plurality of inde
through one or more octaves; (d) note - con pendently-acting current-regulator expres
trollers, whereby the differentinductional un sion devices, whereby different notes are
dulation - generating devices aforesaid are made to Sound with different degrees of loud
made to throw their respective notes upon (eSS.
45 the line, as required; and (e) suitable cur Signed at Washington this 4th day of Feb 95
rent-regulator expression mechanism, where ruary, LS9 (3.
by the loudness of the sounds given off by the TIAI))ES (AIIIILI.
Vibration-translating apparatus is governed. Attest:
173. In an electrical music-generating sys M. II. CAHILL,
tem, and in combination, (a) electrical vi ARTIKU UR T. CAHILL.

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In Various places in this specification, and vibrations, undulations, or tOnes, or Serve si

given to the different rheotomes, all 'evolved speak of a “plurality of circuits,” or of a

35 or it may consist of a greater number of par I do notatalli in it or restrict myself to a con -

multiplicity of current-undulation circuits; ums before mentioned; and (c) note-control

and a plurality of feeding-coils, forming par of tone-purifying devices, whereby different

translating devices, a composite-tone-gener- responding to the different component tones

cuits; vibration-generating devices, having musical tone electrically, including a circuit

127. In an electrical music-distributing sys given off by the vibration-translating appa

i.70. In an electrical music-generating sys bration-generating de vices, corresponding to

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