RC UNI-AXIAL COLUMN CAPACITY MARK PROJECT TITLE LOCATION

COLUMN
UNI-AXIAL (RECTANGULAR COLUMN)
REC-COL
In Accordance with ACI 318-08 DATE
INPUT PARAMETERS MEMBER TYPE: STRUCTURAL SLENDERNESS : NOT CONSIDERED Z-AXIS
b
MEMBER PROPERTIES
cu
Member Width b = 600 mm
s1 T1
Member Depth h = 600 mm c x a Cc
Neutral Axis 1 s2 T2
Concrete Cover cc = 40 mm
x2
Effective Depth d = 540.5 mm s3 x3 T3
Gross Section Area Ag = 360000 mm2 Z

h
s4 xi T4
Y
d-c
REINFORCEMENT PROPERTIES s5 T5
Diameter of Main Bar db = D20 mm
s6 T6
Diameter of Secondary Bar dbs = D10 mm
Number of Main Bar along Z-axis NZ = 4 pcs
SECTION STRAIN DIAGRAM FORCE DIAGRAM
Number of Main Bar along Y-axis NY = 4 pcs Equilibrium of Forces
Compatibility of Strain
Total Number of Main Bars N = 12 pcs
Area of Main Bar Ab = 314.2 mm2
MEMBER, STRAIN AND FORCES DIAGRAM
Area of Secondary Bar Abs = 71.0 mm2
Total Area of Rebar Ast = 3770.3 mm2 SUMMARY OF MEMBER CAPACITY STRAIN COMPATIBILITY & EQUILIBRIUM OF FORCES

Actual Steel Ratio act = 0.0105

OUTPUT OF MEMBER CAPACITY
Minimum Steel Ratio min = 0.0100 OK
TO SATISFY THE COMPATIBILITY OF STRAINS AND
Maximum Steel Ratio max = 0.0600 OK Max. Allow. Comp. Pno = 4,118.20 KN EQUILIBRIUM OF FORCES REQUIREMENTS, THE
SUMMATION OF FORCES IN PURE BENDING
CONDITION MUST BE EQUAL TO ZERO.
MATERIAL STRENGTHS & PROPERTIES Moment at Max. Allow. Comp Mno = 238.15 KN-m
Compressive Strength of Concrete f'c = 21.00 MPa
Yield Strength of Main Bar fy = 414.00 MPa Maximum Tension Tn = -1,404.82 KN Forces at Pure Bending: Pn = 0.00 KN
Yield Strength of Secondary Bar fyv = 414.00 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity of Steel Es = 200000 MPa Axial Force at Balanced Strain Pb = 1,900.98 KN Neutral Axis at Mn: c = 89.20 mm
Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete Ec = 21538 MPa
Yield Strain of Steel y = 0.00207 mm/mm Moment at Balanced Strain Mb = 478.94 KN-m
THE COMPATIBILITY OF STRAINS AND EQUILIBRIUM
Maximum Strain of Concrete cu = 0.00300 mm/mm
OF FORCES REQUIREMENTS ARE SATISFIED,
Flexural Parameter 1 = 0.85 Moment at Pure Bending Mn = 353.64 KN-m THEREFORE, OK!

COLUMN INTERACTION DIAGRAM DESIGN ASSUMPTIONS DESIGN NOTES

6000
1. Strain in rebar and concrete shall be directly proportional to the 1. All rebars are considered in determining the Member
distance from the Neutral Axis. In other words, plane sections Design Capacity.
5000
normal to the axis of bending remains plane after bending.
2. The Tensile Stress of Rebar located at the compression
4000
2. Maximum usable strain at extreme concrete compression fiber side of member is deducted by the stress for displaced
is assumed to be equal to cu = 0.003. concrete which is equal to 0.85f 'c, except for rebar
3000
Factored Axial Force : Pn

whose location is beyond the depth of the compression

3. Stress in rebar fs below the yield strength fy is taken as Es times block. See illustration below:
2000
the steel strain s. For strains greater than the yield strain of steel b
is considered independent of strain and equal to fy. fs1 - 0.85f 'c
1000
a Cc fs2 - 0.85f 'c
for εs  εy ; fs  E s .ε s
fs3
h

0
-800 -600 -400 -200 0 200 400 600 800

for εs  εy ; fs  fy fs4
-1000

4. Tensile strength of concrete is neglected in flexural calculations 3. The formula used for 1 is based on the English units:
-2000
of reinforced concrete.  1 = 0.85-0.05[(f'c-4000)/1000] for f 'c > 4000 psi or
Factored Bending Moment : Mnz
27.58 Mpa.
COLUMN INTERACTION OUTPUT 5. The concrete stress distribution is assumed to be rectangular
Control Points Pni +Mni ci si i over a depth of a = 1.c from the fiber of maximum compressive 4. The Area of rebar "Ab" is also derived from the original
Max. Comp. 5,147.7 0.00  0.00207 0.650 strain. Distance c from the fiber of maximum compressive strain rebar area in English units converted into SI units.
Max. Allow. Comp. 4,118.2 238.15 595.07 0.00028 0.650 to the neutral axis shall be measured in a direction perpendicular
fs = 0 3,725.4 308.46 540.50 0.00000 0.650 to that axis. 0.85 f 'c 5. For ARCHITECTURAL member, the section capacity
fs = 0.50 fy 2,649.4 433.00 401.86 0.00104 0.650 is reduced by multiplying the compressive strength of
Balanced Strain 1,901.0 478.94 319.82 0.00207 0.650 concrete by Ast/0.01Ag as per 10.8.4 of ACI 318-08.
Tension Controlled 1,377.6 592.00 202.69 0.00500 0.900 a = 1.c C = 0.85 f 'c a b
c
Pure Bending 0.0 353.64 89.20 0.01518 0.900 6. The maximum steel ratio is limited to 0.006 to avoid
Max. Tension -1,404.8 0.00 0.00 9.99999 0.900 congestion on joints.

Reference Code: Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary ( ACI 318-08 ) Page 1 of 6
 RC UNI-AXIAL COLUMN CAPACITY MARK PROJECT TITLE LOCATION
COLUMN
UNI-AXIAL (RECTANGULAR COLUMN)
REC-COL
In Accordance with ACI 318-08 DATE
CHECK FOR COMBINED SHEAR & TORSION NOTES FOR SHEAR NOTES FOR TORSION

INPUT PARAMETERS The Design of Shear Reinforcement shall be in accordance The Design of Torsion Reinforcement shall be in
accordance with section 11.6 of ACI 318-08
Max. Ultimate Shear Force along Y-axis Vu = 76.1 KN with section 11.1.1 through 11.5.6 of ACI 318-08
Max. Ultimate Torsion about X-axis Tu = 3.0 KN-m If the factored torsional moment Tu in a member is
required to maintain equilibrium and exceeds the minimum
Max. Ultimate Axial Compression Pu = 1109.3 KN There are 3 cases considered in Shear Design: value given in section 11.6.1, the member shall be
Yield Strength of Longt'l Torsion Rebar fyL = 414.00 MPa designed to carry that torsional moment in accordance with
section 11.6.3 through 11.6.6
Yield Strength of Shear Bar fyv = 414.00 MPa 1.0 No Shear Reinforcement is needed when,
Effective Depth of Column d = 540.50 mm The cross-sectional dimensions of member shall be
Vc
Vu  checked in accordance with section 11.6.3.1
Spacing of Shear Bar, [ Sact = S ] S = 100 mm 2
The transverse reinforcement for torsion shall be
2.0 Provide Minimum Shear Reinforcement when,
designed in accordance with section 11.6.3.6
PROVIDED TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT Vc
 Vu  Vc The additional longitudinal reinforcement required for
Outer Bar 2 - D10 Avo = 141.9 mm2 2
torsion shall be determined in accordance with section
Inner Bar 1 - D10 Avi = 71.0 mm 2
3.0 Calculate the Required Shear Reinforcement when, 11.6.3.7

Total Area of Transv. Reinforcement Avpvd = 212.9 mm2 The total reinforcement required for combined shear
Vu  Vc
and torsion shall be in accordance with section 11.6.3.8

SHEAR STRENGTH OF CONCRETE (Axial Compression + Bending) The minimum torsion reinforcement shall be in
Section Properties for Torsion: accordance with section 11.6.5.2
 P  f
' 
Vc  s .1  u . c .b.d  Vc = 226.7 KN Acp = Area enclosed by outside perimeter of concrete The minimum longitudinal reinforcement for torsion
 14A g  6  shall be in accordance with section 11.6.5.3
cross-section
REQUIRED REINFORCEMENT FOR SHEAR The spacing of transverse torsion reinforcement shall
Acp = b.h Acp = 3.60E+05 mm2 not exceed the smaller of Ph/8 or 300mm in accordance
with section 11.6.6.1
Av 
Vu - Vc  .s
Av = 0.0 mm2 Pcp = Outside perimeter of concrete cross-section
s .fy v .d

THRESHOLD FOR TORSION Pcp = 2 ( b + h ) Pcp = 2.40E+03 mm

f'  A cp
2
 Tu = 3.0 KN-m
Tcr   s . c .  Tcr = 15.5 KN-m Aoh = Area enclosed by centerline of the outermost closed
12  Pcp  Required Reinforcement for Bending:
tratransverse torsional reinforcement
Since, Tu < Tcr, therefore Torsion need not be considered.
Max. Moment at @Z-axis Muz = 152 KN-m
Aoh = ( b - 2cc - dbs ) ( h - 2cc - dbs )
REQUIRED REINFORCEMENT FOR TORSION Max. Moment at @Y-axis Muy = 156 KN-m

Tu  tanθ   Aoh = 2.60E+05 mm2

At 
0.85f c'  
.s
s  2.A o .fy v  At = 0.0 mm2
Ao = 0.85 Aoh Ao = 2.21E+05 mm2 ρ

. 1 1 
2Mu 
fy   0.85f c' .b .b.d 2  
  
REQUIRED REINFORCEMENT FOR COMBINED SHEAR & TORSION Ph = Perimeter of centerline of the outermost closed
transverse torsional reinforcement z = 0.0024 Asbz = 778.3 mm2
A T  Av  2At   Avt tmin AT = 50.7 mm2
y = 0.0025 Asby = 810.8 mm2
Ph = 2[( b - 2cc - dbs) + ( h - 2cc - dbs )]
AT = 50.7 < Avpvd = 212.9
Ph = 2.04E+03 mm Max. Spacing of Transv. Reinf. based on Shear:
Since the Provided Reinforcement is greater than the Required, OK!
d
s1_max  or 600 mm
ADEQUACY OF SECTION FOR SHEAR & TORSION Angle of Crack Inclination  = 45 deg 2
2 2
 Vu   Tu Ph  V 2  s1_max = 270 mm
    2 
  s  c  f 'c  Minimum Reinforcement for Shear & Torsion:
 b.d   1.7A oh   b.d 3 
Max. Spacing of Transv. Reinf. based on Torsion:
0.24 < 3.0 Section is Adequate, OK! f 'c  b.s  7  b.s 
Avt min     
16  fy v  20  fy v  ph
s 2_max  or 300 mm
ADDITIONAL LONGITUDINAL TORSIONAL REINFORCEMENT 8
Avtmin = 50.7 mm2
A  fy  s2_max = 255 mm
A L  t .p h . v .cot 2θ  A Lmin AL = 1142.2 mm 2
s  fy L 
Minimum Longitudinal Torsional Reinforcement: Smax = Smaller value Smax = 255 mm
REQUIRED REINFORCEMENT FOR BENDING
5. f 'c  A cp  A t .Ph  fy v 
A Lmin      Sact = 100 mm < Smax = 255 mm
As b  As bz  As by Asb = 1589.1 mm2 12  fy L  s  fy L 
REQUIRED REINFORCEMENT FOR BENDING & TORSION ALmin = 1142.2 mm2 Since Sact < Smax, OK!

As rqd  As b  A L Asrqd = 2731.3 mm2 At  b 

where:  0.175.  = 0.254 mm2/mm
s  fy v  STRENGTH REDUCTION FACTORS:
PROVIDED REINFORCEMENT FOR BENDING & TORSION
Note: The value of At/s shall only apply to the Minimum Bending b = 0.900
As t  N.A b Ast = 3770.3 mm2
Longitudinal torsional reinforcement ALmin and Axial Compression c = 0.650
Asrqd = 2731.3 < Ast = 3770.3 shall not be applied to the additional AL. Axial Tension t = 0.900
Refer to Section 11.6.3.7 of ACI 318-08 Shear & Torsion s = 0.750
Since the Provided Reinforcement is greater than the Required, OK!

Reference Code: Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary ( ACI 318-08 ) Page 2 of 6
 RC UNI-AXIAL COLUMN CAPACITY MARK PROJECT TITLE LOCATION
COLUMN
UNI-AXIAL (RECTANGULAR COLUMN)
REC-COL
In Accordance with ACI 318-08 DATE
CHECK OF SPACING OF REINFORCEMENT NOTES FOR REBAR SPACING NOTES FOR REBAR SPACING

MINIMUM CENTER-TO-CENTER SPACING OF MAIN BAR For Columns, the minimum clear spacing of main reinforcement The Spacing Limits of Reinforcement shall be in
accordance with section 7.6 through 7.11 of ACI 318-05
is 1.5db or 38 mm whichever is greater
s min  s c  d b smin = The minimum clear spacing of main reinforcing bar
( For Columns ) 58.0 mm
shall be 1.5bar diameter or 38mm for columns and for
s c  1.5d b  38 mm sc = 38 mm beams it shall be bar diameter or 25mm whichever is
s min  s b  d b ( For Beams ) smin = 45.0 mm greater as per 7.6.1 and 7.6.2

For Beams, the minimum clear spacing of main reinforcement Vertical spacing of ties shall not exceed 16db, 48dbs,,
or least dimension of compression member as per 7.10.5.2
MAX. CENTER-TO-CENTER SPACING OF MAIN BAR (BEAM ONLY) is 1.0db or 25 mm whichever is greater
Ties shall be arranged such that every corner and
 280   280  alternate longitudinal bar shall have lateral support
s max  380.   2.5c t  300. F  smax = 385.0 mm s b  1.0d b  25 mm sb = 25 mm provided by the corner of a tie with an included angle of not
 Fs   s 
more than 135o and no bar shall be farther than 150 mm
clear on its side along the tie from such a laterally
ACTUAL CENTER-TO-CENTER SPACING OF MAIN BAR For crack control: supported bar as per 7.10.5.3

b - 2(c c  d bs  0.5d b ) The maximum spacing of main reinforcement shall be

s act  sact = 160.0 mm The calculated stress Fs for reinforcement closest to the tension in accordance with section 10.6.4 of ACI 318-05. This
N Z -1 provision of maximum bar spacing is specified directly to
face at service load shall be computed based on the unfactored
control cracking. This current provisions for spacing are
Since, Smin < Sact < Smax, therefore, OK! moment. It shall be permitted to take Fs as 2/3 of fy. intended to limit surface cracks to width that is generally
acceptable in practice but may vary widely in a given
2 structure.
CHECK OF SPACING OF LATERAL TIES (COLUMN) Fs  .fy Fs = 276.0 MPa
3

Smax ties  min(16d b , 48d bs , b) Smaxties = 320 mm Using the Moment at Service, the stress of steel at service is:

Ms
Provided spacing of lateral ties Spvdties = 100 mm Fs  Fs = 218.2 MPa
As bz .7/8d 

Since, the provided spacing of lateral ties is less than the maximum Service Moment from Analysis Ms = 80.3 KN-m NOTES FOR LIMIT OF SECTION
spacing, therefore, OK!

Area of Rebar for Bending at Z Asbz = 778.3 mm2

CHECK OF SPACING OF LONGT'L TORSION REBAR Section 10.8.4 ACI 318-05:
Effective depth of member d = 540.5 mm
For a compression member with cross section larger
h - 2(c c  d bs  0.5d b ) sL_act = 160.0 mm than required by considerations of loading, it shall be
s L_act  permitted to base the minimum reinforcement and strength
N Y -1 cc is the least distance from cc = 40.0 mm on a reduced area A'g not less than one-half the total area
( 1/2 Ag ) . This provision shall not apply in regions of high
Maximum spacing of Longt'l Torsion Rebar sL_max = 300 mm surface or reinforcement or
seismic risk.
pre-stressing steel to the

Since, the actual spacing of Longitudinal Torsional Reinforcement is less tension face.
than the maximum spacing, therefore, OK!

CHECK FOR LIMIT OF REINFORCEMENT FOR BENDING SUMMARY AND DETAILS OF REINFORCEMENT

MINIMUM REINFORCEMENT RATIO FOR BENDING

MEMBER DETAIL REBAR DETAILS
'
0.25 f 1.4
ρ min   c
min = 0.00338 TOP BAR 4 - D20
fy fy

BOTTOM BAR 4 - D20

MAXIMUM REINFORCEMENT RATIO FOR BENDING b = 600 mm

LEFT 2 - D20
SIDE
ρ max  0.025 (Sec 21.3.2 of ACI 318-08) max = 0.0250
BAR
RIGHT 2 - D20

ACTUAL REINFORCEMENT RATIO FOR BENDING ( Z-AXIS )

h = 600 mm

TOTAL NO. OF BARS 12 - D20

RIGHT
LEFT

As Z_act  N z .Ab AsZ_act = 1257 mm 2

TIE / HOOP DETAILS
As Z_act OUTER
ρ act  act = 0.00388
b.d TIES

min = 0.00338 < act = 0.00388 INNER

TIES

act = 0.00388 < max = 0.0250 Z

PROVIDE 2-D10 OUTER TIES @ 100MM O.C.

Y
Since, Min. Steel Ratio < Actual Steel Ratio < Max. Steel Ratio, OK! PROVIDE 1-D10 INNER TIES @ 100MM O.C.

Reference Code: Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary ( ACI 318-08 ) Page 3 of 6