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    Flexural Members

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    Patricia Tungpalan
    This document discusses flexural members and the analysis of their bending strength. It defines beams and how they carry loads. Beams are classified based on their supports, location, and function. Common beam types are described like floor beams, roof beams, and joists. Key concepts in flexural analysis are introduced such as yield moment, plastic moment, and the AISC classifications of member sections as compact, noncompact, or slender-element. Limit states for flexural members like yielding, lateral-torsional buckling, and flange local buckling are covered. A sample problem demonstrates checking the bending capacity of a steel W-shape beam for these limit states to determine adequacy.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Flexural Members

    Uploaded by

    Patricia Tungpalan
    83 views32 pages
    This document discusses flexural members and the analysis of their bending strength. It defines beams and how they carry loads. Beams are classified based on their supports, location, and function. Common beam types are described like floor beams, roof beams, and joists. Key concepts in flexural analysis are introduced such as yield moment, plastic moment, and the AISC classifications of member sections as compact, noncompact, or slender-element. Limit states for flexural members like yielding, lateral-torsional buckling, and flange local buckling are covered. A sample problem demonstrates checking the bending capacity of a steel W-shape beam for these limit states to determine adequacy.

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    6. Flexural Members

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    This document discusses flexural members and the analysis of their bending strength. It defines beams and how they carry loads. Beams are classified based on their supports, location, and function. Common beam types are described like floor beams, roof beams, and joists. Key concepts in flexural analysis are introduced such as yield moment, plastic moment, and the AISC classifications of member sections as compact, noncompact, or slender-element. Limit states for flexural members like yielding, lateral-torsional buckling, and flange local buckling are covered. A sample problem demonstrates checking the bending capacity of a steel W-shape beam for these limit states to determine adequacy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    83 views32 pages

    Flexural Members

    Uploaded by

    Patricia Tungpalan
    This document discusses flexural members and the analysis of their bending strength. It defines beams and how they carry loads. Beams are classified based on their supports, location, and function. Common beam types are described like floor beams, roof beams, and joists. Key concepts in flexural analysis are introduced such as yield moment, plastic moment, and the AISC classifications of member sections as compact, noncompact, or slender-element. Limit states for flexural members like yielding, lateral-torsional buckling, and flange local buckling are covered. A sample problem demonstrates checking the bending capacity of a steel W-shape beam for these limit states to determine adequacy.

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    You are on page 1of 32

    AR 136:

    STEEL DESIGN AND TIMBER


    ANALYSIS OF FLEXURAL MEMBERS
    ENGR. VENSON R. CAI
    FLEXURAL MEMBERS
    ➢Beams are structural member designed to
    carry transverse loads along its longitudinal
    axis
    ➢Loads are transferred to points supporting
    the beam
    ➢Classified based on their supports, location,
    and function
    FLEXURAL MEMBERS
    Classification of beam according to support
    FLEXURAL MEMBERS
    Classification of beam based on function:
    Floor beam
    Roof beam
    Floor joist
    Girder
    Stringer
    Purlins
    Rafter and Girt
    FLEXURAL MEMBERS
    FLEXURAL MEMBERS: CONCEPTS
    Yield Moment, 𝑴y
    - also known as bending moment
    - corresponding bending moment for which
    the extreme fibers of the section just plastify.

    Generally, bending
    stress, 𝐹𝑏 is
    FLEXURAL MEMBERS: CONCEPTS
    Plastic Moment, 𝑴p
    - corresponding bending moment where the
    entire cross sectional area has plastified
    FLEXURAL MEMBERS: CONCEPTS
    ➢AISC classifies shapes according to the ff:
    • Compact Section
    • Noncompact Section
    • Slender-Element Section
    ➢Depends on width-to-thickness ratio, λ
    CLASSIFICATION OF SHAPES
    Compact Section
    - sections which can develop a fully plastic
    stress distribution
    - flange is continuously connected to web
    CLASSIFICATION OF SHAPES
    Noncompact Section
    - sections which can develop yield stress in
    compression before local buckling occurs
    - will not resist inelastic local buckling
    CLASSIFICATION OF SHAPES
    Slender-Element Section
    - sections which develop local buckling
    elastically before yield stress is achieved

    - Values of 𝝀, 𝝀𝒑, 𝝀𝒓 : AISC Table B4.1


    LIMIT STATES
    UNDER FLEXURE YIELDING

    Lateral Torsional
    Buckling

    Flange or
    Web Local Buckling
    FYI

    AISC GENERAL PROVISIONS


    Factors:

    Lateral Torsional Buckling Modification Factor:


    FYI

    AISC GENERAL PROVISIONS


    Where:

    Mmax Absolute maximum moment in the unbraced segment


    Ma, Mb, Mc Absolute moment at ¼ , ½ , and ¾ points in the
    unbraced segments
    Rm cross-section mono-symmetry parameter
    = 1.0 for doubly symmetric members
    = 1.0 for singly symmetric members subject to single
    curvature
    = 0.5 + 2 (Iyc/Iy)2 for singly symmetric members
    subject to double curvature
    FLEXURAL MEMBERS: LIMIT STATE
    1.1 Yielding:
    Where
    Fy Minimum yield strength
    Zx Plastic section modulus

    For I-shaped and channels bent about their minor axis:

    Where
    Sy Elastic Section Modulus
    FLEXURAL MEMBERS: LIMIT STATE
    1.2 Lateral Torsional Buckling, LTB
    FLEXURAL MEMBERS: LIMIT STATE
    1.2 Lateral Torsional Buckling, LTB
    FLEXURAL MEMBERS: LIMIT STATE
    1.2 Lateral Torsional Buckling, LTB
    FLEXURAL MEMBERS: LIMIT STATE
    1.2 Lateral Torsional Buckling, LTB
    FLEXURAL MEMBERS: LIMIT STATE
    1.3 Flange Local Buckling, FLB
    FLEXURAL/BENDING STRENGTH
    Procedure:
    1. Determine the classification of shape:
    Compact Noncompact Slender
    2. If compact, check for the ff:
    Yielding
    Lateral Torsional Buckling (LTB)
    3. If noncompact, check for the ff:
    LTB Flange Local Buckling (FLB)
    SAMPLE PROBLEM 1
    The beam shown in Figure 5.11 is a W16 × 31 of A992 steel. It
    supports a reinforced concrete floor slab that provides continuous
    lateral support of the compression flange. The service dead load is
    450 lbft. This load is superimposed on the beam; it does not
    include the weight of the beam itself. The service live load is 550
    lbft. Does this beam have adequate moment strength?
    Solution
    STEP 1. Check for compactness

    𝑏𝑓 5.53
    𝑏
    = 2 = 2 = 6.28
    𝑡 𝑡𝑓 0.440

    𝐸 29000
    0.38 = 0.38 ∗ = 9.15 > 6.28.
    𝐹𝑦 50
    𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡
    Solution
    STEP 1. Check for compactness

    5
    ℎ 𝑇 13
    = = 8 = 32.5
    𝑡𝑤 𝑡𝑤 1
    4

    𝐸 29000
    3.76 ∗ = 3.76 ∗ = 90.55 > 32.5.
    𝐹𝑦 50
    𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑒𝑏 𝑖𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡
    Solution
    STEP 2. Solve for the design strength for flexure
    For compact sections, check only for the ff:
    1. Yielding
    2. Lateral Torsional Buckling
    Since it was mentioned in the problem that a reinforced
    concrete floor slab that provides continuous lateral support.
    Check only for YIELDING.
    Solution
    STEP 2. Solve for the design strength for flexure
    For yielding,
    𝑀𝑛 = 𝑀𝑝 = 𝐹𝑦 𝑍𝑥 = 50 ∗ 54.0
    𝑀𝑛 = 2700 𝑘𝑖𝑝 − 𝑖𝑛 = 𝟐𝟐𝟓 𝒌𝒊𝒑 − 𝒇𝒕
    STEP 3. Check the adequacy.
    1
    For simply supported beam, 𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑤𝐿2
    8
    Solution
    STEP 3. Check the adequacy. Total dead load is
    1 equals to the dead
    For simply supported beam, 𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑤𝐿2 load carried by the
    8 beam plus its own
    1 450 + 31 weight which we can
    𝑀𝐷 = ∗ ∗ 302 get from the table.
    8 1000 Make sure to check
    for the units.

    𝑀𝐷 = 54.11 kip − ft

    1 550
    𝑀𝐷 = ∗ ∗ 302 = 61.88 kip − ft
    8 1000
    Solution
    STEP 3. Check the adequacy.
    𝑀𝑢 = 1.2𝑀𝐷 + 1.6𝑀𝐿 = 1.2 54.11 + 1.6 61.88
    𝑴𝒖 = 𝟏𝟔𝟒𝒌𝒊𝒑 − 𝒇𝒕, 𝒄𝒉𝒐𝒐𝒔𝒆 𝒉𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒆𝒓
    𝑀𝑢 = 1.4 ∗ 𝑀𝐷 = 1.4 54.11 = 76𝑘𝑖𝑝 − 𝑓𝑡

    The design strength is


    ⏀𝑀𝑛 = 0.90 ∗ 225 = 203𝑘𝑖𝑝 − 𝑓𝑡 > 164𝑘𝑖𝑝 − 𝑓𝑡
    Therefore, the section is adequate.
    END

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