QUORN

TOOL AND CUTTER GRINDER -.

by D. H. Chaddock, C.B.E.
Part V From page 189

T HE TOOL- HOLDER shown in Fig. 29 is a versatile

piece of equipment into which a wide variety of
arbors and mandrels, all of which can be made by
the amateur to suit his individual needs, can be TOOL HOLDER ASSEMBLY
fitted. It comprises a cast iron bracket which can
be clamped at one end by the standard split boss,
lock bolt and ball handle to either of the long
or short bar beds at any point along their length. l/16’ SAW CUT DRIU %6" DIA
At the other end it has a parallel hole, again with /SPOT FACE 51s’ WA I - -

a split clamp, to carry the various arbors and

mandrels. For work such as lathe tools and en-
graving tools which must be turned a prescribed
amount for a datum face in order to impart
clearance angles, an interchangeable index plate
is provided. It is graduated in 360 divisions and
has 12 or more index holes which are engaged by
a retractable spring-loaded index pin housed in the
main casting.
The main casting shown in Fig. 29 is one of
three which it is convenient to machine together,
the other two being the head bracket and the
tailstock. They are intended to be interchangeable -+/ 7fi6%‘i/16’SAW CUT
and in particular that the centre height, shown
on all drawings as a nominal 2.000in. should be TOOL HOLDER BRACKET 1 OFF C I
as closely as possible the same on all three com-
ponents even if it is not an exact 2in. by N.P.L. FIG. 29
standards. Therefore first machine the lower Qin.
dia. hole in each casting to a close fit for the secure clamping if the casting should slip
gin. centreless ground round bar or bright drawn disaster would ensue. Also, as witness the massive
bar if that is what you are using. For this opera- balance weight, it is rather out of balance.
tion the castings are small enough to be held in A rather safer set-up, which however involves
the four-jaw chuck. After boring, cross-drill, spot a little more preliminary work, is shown in Fig.
face, split and fit a temporary clamp bolt. 31. Here a shouldered stub, 5/8in. dia., with a broad
It is now necessary to improvise some form of and truly faced flange, has been bolted to the lathe
temporary fixture in which each of the castings faceplate, again at 2in. offset distance. The casting
in turn can be located from this hole for boring can either be clamped to it, as in the previous
the next. In Fig. 30 a piece of 5/8in. bar has been example, or, as in the photograph, held to it by
clamped in a “Myford” or “Keats” type V block a bridle. The important additional feature how-
itself clamped to the lathe faceplate and offset ever is the two angle plates which butt up against
2in. from the centre line of the lathe. Once set, the casting on either side and so effectively pre-
it must not be moved until all three castings in vent it from moving under the pressure of the
turn, clamped by their split bores, have been boring tool. Although the castings shown here
machined at the other end. Although this set-up are in fact those for the spiralling head the others
was perfectly successful it does rely upon very can be dealt with in exactly the same way, only

242 MODEL ENGINEER 1 March 1974

 not to worry. Just reduce the size of the back-
plate and index ring to one to which it will just
clean up. The set-up for engraving 360 divisions
is exactly the same as that for engraving t h e
rotating base, again holding the index plate from
the inside on the jaws of the four-jaw chuck in
the “lathe” position.
If you have a milling and drilling spindle which
can be mounted on the toolpost or are going to
use the Quorn’s own spindle for this purpose it
is very convenient to drill the holes in the index
plate at the same setting and using the same
means of dividing. On the drawing I have shown
12 holes. This gives divisions of 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12,
but any other number can be chosen. Thirty is
probably the next best choice, as it gives 2, 3, 5,
10, 15 and 30 divisions but not of course 4 or 12.
The degree scale should be numbered as was
the rotating base 0-40-40-0 in each quadrant
taking care that the zeros coincide at least
Fig. 30. One method of boring the tool holder approximately with the holes. Minor errors can
casting. Photograph by A. Throp. be corrected after final assembly by engraving
the zero mark on the backplate exactly in line
altering the distance between the angle plates. with a zero mark on the index plate after it has
Alternatively, all three castings m a y b e been locked in position by the index pin, duly
machined on the saddle of the lathe with a boring fitted into a hole which has been spotted from
bar between centres, as was described for the base the index plate itself.
castings. Having the necessary tackle to hand, If a milling and drilling spindle is not available,
the writer did his this way relying on the cross-
slide feed screw setting to bring the centre dis-
tance of the holes the same in each case. It is Fig. 31. An alternative set-up for boring the tool
holder casting. Photograph N. Hemingway.
a moot point which is the better. Cross-slide
boring certainly ensures that the holes are parallel
but the centre distance may vary. Locating from
an eccentric spigot certainly ensures that the
centre distances are identical to very close limits
but unless the spigot is dead at right angles to
the faceplate and the faceplate itself dead true
the holes may not be parallel. So you pays your
money and you takes your choice.
The rest of the machining is conventional, but
before boring the 5/16in. dia. hole for the index
pin you must decide whether you are going to
make this hole first and to locate the holes in the
index plate from it, or whether you are going to
make the index plate first and locate the hole for
the index pin from it. Unless of course your
equipment and skills are such that you can make
both separately and know that the index pin
will enter the holes in the index plate without
jamming or backlash when they are assembled.
Other details for the tool holder are shown in
Fig. 32. The backplate can most conveniently be
made from sheet steel, either bright or blue. The
outer rim should be left with a good finish as it
will eventually carry the engraved zero mark. The
index plate had best come from a sawn 3-3/4in. x
3/4in. blank. If you can only get a 3in. dia. blank,

MODEL ENGINEER 1 March 1974 243

the tool holder itself can be used as a drilling and
dividing jig. In this case first drill the hole for the
index pin in the main casting and fit in it, tem-
porarily, a bush 5/16in. outside diameter and 1/8in.
internal diameter. Engrave a zero mark on the
backplate and assemble the undrilled index plate
in its working position. Then by setitng the degree
scale at 0 deg., 30 deg., 60 deg., etc. and locking
the spindle each time, the holes in the index plate
can be drilled through the bush in the certain
knowledge that they will not only be exactly in
line with the index pin when it is fitted but that
the degree marks will exactly coincide with the
hole positions.
The 5/16in. dia. body of the index pin should be
a very close fit, without any shake or backlash,
in the hole in the casting. The latter should be
reamed to size or, an old trick, finished to size
with a ‘D’ bit made from a piece of the same
silver steel as the pin itself. The point of the pin
should be rounded and given a slight taper so

TAPER
R PIN’
INDEX PIN 1 OFF S.Ss. KNOB 1 OFF MS SPRING 1 OFF

Fig. 32

that it engages positively with the holes in the

index plate without shake or sideplay. If har-
dened, the point of the pin should be drawn back
to purple temper colour to avoid brittleness which
might cause it to fracture. The knob should be
taper pinned to the shank of the index pin in
such a position that the latter can go right home
into the index plate without the knob making
contact with the face of the casting. The 3/16in.
15mmm COLLET SPINDLE 1 OFF MS.
dia. pin in the knob itself should be long enough
to hold the index pin quite clear of, the index
plate when it is parked on the face of the casting
l------ 5‘--------tl and the degree scale is being used.
A great deal of the versatility of the machine
depends on the wide variety of simple arbors and
mandrels which can be fitted to the workhead.
k---
2 1 5 / 1 6 . d
Some typical ones are shown in Fig. 33. The
MANDREL Nos 18 2 MORSE TAPER 1 OFF 1" DiA CGMS first has a 9/16in. square hole in it, the same size
as the hole in the “Norman” toolholder on the
writer’s 3-1/2in. Drummondd lathe. It will take all
lathe, planer and shaper tools with shanks up to
this size. Experts with a file will make the square
hole this way, but if you can beg, borrow or steal
a 9/16in. square broach and a press to drive it the
work is much easier. Probably the most effective
GENERALL PURPOSE DEAD ARBOR I’ DIA CGMS. way is to take a leaf out of the locomotive

244 MODEL ENGINEER 1 March 1974

builder’s book when they are making spring centres or overhanging from the chuck and to
buckles and to make it in two parts. So end mill put a rough hole down the middle. After parting
a 9/16in. wide by 9/16in. deep slot in a piece of off, re-chuck the tail end, with soft packing to
l-1/4in. by 7/8in. bar about 3in. long and silver solder avoid marking the work, in the four-jaw chuck
or braze it, open side down, to a piece of l-1/4in. and support the front end in the fixed steady.
by 5/16in. strip of the same length. After cleaning Set to run true, and here a “tenth thou” clock
and pickling, drill and tap the four holes for the really is useful, not forgetting the fore and aft
clamp screws and use them to hold the work on check to ensure parallelism. Incidentally I wonder
a truly centred 9/16in. square mandrel. At this how Mr. W. K. Kirkwood of Ancaster, Ontario,
setting the corners can be turned off and the Canada (Postbag, Model Engineer, 16th Novem-
outside, including the screw thread, which must ber 1973) accomplishes this class of work if in
be lathe cut, brought to finished size truly con- his 55 years of experience as a machinist he has
centric with one another. never found it necessary to use a D.T.I. Perhaps
In using the holder, readers may be worried he uses a piece of chalk or would concede that it
that only tools with 9/16in. square shanks will be is here legitimate, indeed imperative to bore a
held “true” and that tools with smaller shanks bush (English) bushing (American) to hold the
will, of necessity, be held off centre. This is of work truly to tenth thou limits for a second
course true but it does not matter in the least nor operation.
is it necessary to make a series of holders each Milling cutters with tapered shanks should be
with a hole to suit the shank sizes of individual reground or sharpened supported by their shanks.
tools. In grinding square or rectangular shanked For this a plain mandrel made from lin. dia.
tools all that is important is that the various rake centreless ground round mild steel is easy to
and clearance angles bear an accurate relationship make. Again special care must be taken to ensure
to the base of the tool. This will be the case if that the inner tapered bore is truly concentric
the tool is turned through a known angle regard- with the outside. This type of mandrel is not
less of whether it is “on centre” or not. The tool intended to be used with the index plate, there-
holder can and must be withdrawn from the fore it need not be turned down and threaded
workhead to operate the 2 BA clamp screws at one end. Instead it slides and rotates freely in
which must not project beyond the circular body. the workhead, the cutter being guided by its own
teeth in contact with a tooth guide in a manner
An equally useful spindle is one that will take which will be described in due course. The draw-
collet chucks. The drawing in Fig. 33 is dimen- ing shows a mandrel bored to receive at one end
sioned for 15mm “short” ‘C’ size standard collet a No. 1 and a No. 2 Morse taper at the other,
chucks with a draw spindle to suit. This is a but of course other mandrels can be prepared to
useful size since it will pass 3/8in. and will accept receive Brown and Sharpe or any other tapers.
1/2in. for a limited distance at the nose. But the Unfortunately lin. diameter is not quite big
spindle is big enough to take any size of collet enough to take No. 3 Morse so if much work of
from 6mm to 16mm, long or short. By modifying this size is to be done it would pay to bore out
the front end and boring it No. 2 Morse taper so the workhead casting to 1-1/8in. dia. and to turn
that it is a replica of the Myford lathe mandrel all the other parts to suit.
nose the ‘push-in” type collets supplied by that Milling cutters which have a central hole in
company could also be used. Any form of collet them, such as plain cutters, side and face mills,
will, however, be found to be extremely useful in circular saws and the like should, wherever pos-
dealing with round shank tool bits and plain sible, be ground from the cutter’s own bore,
shank cutters. turning and sliding on a close fitting dead man-
In making these spindles which rotate in the drel. Only in this way, and even if the mandrel
workhead it is not only imperative that the is eccentric, can absolute truth of the teeth with
nominal l.000in. diameter is a close running fit the centre hole be ensured. For this purpose a
in the body but that the 2in. nominal length semi-expendable mandrel can be prepared from
between the shoulders be adjusted until, with the lin. dia. bright drawn stock-no need to use
index plate drawn up tight on its collet, the centreless ground-and turned down to suit the
spindle can rotate freely but without any end work in hand.
shake. If the accuracy of collet chucking is to be Made professionally of course, all these man-
preserved, boring the inside of the spindle truly drels and spindles would be case-hardened and
concentric with the outside is always a problem. ground which would certainly improve their lives
The work cannot very well be accomplished at a in the rather severe environment which inevitably
single setting, so probably the best way is first to exists in the vicinity of any grinding machine.
complete all the external work, either between Continued on page 252

MODEL ENGINEER 1 March 1974 2455

even so my impressions are relevant to the problem. early diesels are quite as attractive as steam marine
It is felt that the type of chap who is interested engines - being of open type construction - and
in constructing power plant would find the multitude could be run on propane gas with low compression
of non-working deck detail rather irksome - and at modest r.p.m. under load. The late E. T. Westbury
when the vessel is functioning would vanish at a considered producing such a design but told me that
short distance from shore anyway. he had detected very little interest among the boating
The imposing lines which attracted him in the fraternity and the scheme was dropped in favour of
first place would likewise become insignificant when more conventional automotive and motor-cycle type
cruising, and a near scale power plant would only engines which had a wider following. There must be
be visible when the superstructure was lifted - to the somewhere, however, a lone hand sailing a lovely
detriment of the vessel’s appearance (full size vessels near-scale vessel on some quiet lake of a summer
do not have deck sections whipped off in port). evening away from the madding crowd of squawking
The waves of even a placid lake produce a most little motor boats devoid of exhaust systems, but
unrealistic bobbing about of even a large model and by the very nature of things it can never become
destroy the realism. Perhaps his suggestions con- popular, a steam launch with everything visible
cerning near scale I.C. marine engines could be would be more fun I think, coal fired of course.
pursued without too many problems - some of the Netherton, Dudley. R. F. Willetts

Q U O R N TOOL AND CUTTER

FIG. 34
n
Continued from page 245

But given care and in amateur use they will

perform quite well if left soft and if they do wear
they are not too difficult to replace.
The real purpose of the “QUORN” Universal
Tool and Cutter Grinder was not however as
far as the writer was concerned to grind “run of
the mill” tools and cutters although it does this
well enough. Its real “raison d’etre” was to find
some way to make and resharpen the really tiny
cutters down to 1/16in. dia. which the writer has v
used in profusion to mill from the solid all the SPIRALLING HEAD ASSEMBLY
components of a 1/4 scale model B.R.M. V8 racing
engine. Such tiny cutters cannot be sharpened by
aligning the teeth against a rest-at least the - 2”+ k*lkd+++%i+ ADRILL 8 T A P
/i73 HOLES 2B.P
writer cannot do it-the friction is too great and
the slightest slip spells disaster. What was clearly
wanted was some way of independantly guiding
the cutter so that the teeth had the right motion
in relation to the grinding wheel, but which did
not rely upon making contact with the teeth t S/i N O M I N A L
themselves. After various experiments the
Spiralling Head, shown in position on the machine BED

in Figs. 1 and 2, and in more detail in Fig. 34

was evolved.
It comprises a long, relatively slender, spindle
which is free both to rotate and slide backwards
and forwards in the workhead. At one end the lxu fjld
SPOT FACE
spindle forms a spring chuck in which the cutter I+--ll,2a--4 ~KDIA -
to be ground can be securely clamped. At the
other end it carries a guide hob which has cut HEAD BRACKET 1 OFF CI.
upon it a multiplicity of spiral grooves equalling
in number the number of teeth in the cutter and
having the same linear pitch. A guide pin carried ERRATUM
in a fixed but adjustable guide bar engages the
spiral grooves and an adjustable stop bar limits We regret an error in the caption to the photo-
graph of the organ, page 146 (Jeynes’ Corner, Feb-
the movement. ruary 1st). The picture shows the front view of the
To be continued organ.

252 MODEL ENGINEER 1 March 1974