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    Biokimia Farmasi Asam Amino, Oligopeptida, Protein Serta Metabolisme Asam Amino Dan Protein

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    Biokimia Farmasi Asam Amino, Oligopeptida, Protein Serta Metabolisme Asam Amino Dan Protein

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    CHEISY ANASTASYA GRATIA LENGKONG
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    Biokimia Farmasi Asam Amino, Oligopeptida, Protein Serta Metabolisme Asam Amino Dan Protein

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    CHEISY ANASTASYA GRATIA LENGKONG
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    of 52

    BIOKIMIA FARMASI

    ASAM AMINO, OLIGOPEPTIDA, PROTEIN


    SERTA METABOLISME
    ASAM AMINO DAN PROTEIN

    dr. Angelina Stevany Regina Masengi, M.Biomed.


    ASAM AMINO

    OLIGOPEPTIDA & PROTEIN

    METABOLISME ASAM AMINO DAN PROTEIN


    Dalam kelompok masing-masing
    diskusikan dan presentasikan:
    1) gambarkan struktur 20 asam
    amino penyusun protein
    ASAM AMINO 2) jelaskan penamaan dengan
    TUGAS KELOMPOK singkatan 3 huruf dan 1 huruf dari
    asam amino
    3) jelaskan gugus ionisasi asam amino
    dan nilai pKa
    4) jelaskan definisi pI hubungannya
    dengan muatan elektrolit
    polifungsi
    5) jelaskan peran gugus R asam
    amino terhadap sifat kimianya
    Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 5th ed

    Harper Illustrated Biochemistry, 30th ed


    Proteins
    ◦ Polymers of amino acids, with each amino acid residue
    joined to its neighbor by a specific type of covalent bond
    The basic structure of
    amino acid

    General structure of the amino acids found in proteins

    Marks' Basic Medical Biochemistry A Clinical Approach, 2nd ed.

    Sifat: Asam lemah Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry, 30th ed.


    Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 5th edC
    Classification of AA

    Non-Polar
    (Hydrophobic)
    Amino acid
    Polar
    (Hydrophilic)
    Non-Polar
    (Hydrophobic)
    Amino acid
    Polar
    (Hydrophilic)

    Lippincotts Illustrated Reviews Biochemistry, 5th ed.


    Lippincotts Illustrated Reviews Biochemistry, 5th ed.
    Lippincotts Illustrated Reviews Biochemistry, 5th ed.
    Lippincotts Illustrated Reviews Biochemistry, 5th ed.
    Lippincotts Illustrated Reviews Biochemistry, 5th ed.
    The 20 common amino acids of proteins

    The structural
    formulas show the
    state of ionization that
    would predominate at
    pH 7.0
    Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 5th edC
    Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry, 30th ed. Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 5th edC
    Lippincotts Illustrated Reviews Biochemistry, 5th ed.

    Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 5th ed


    Gugus ionisasi asam amino dan nilai pKa
    Gugus yang dapat terionisasi
    - amino
    - karboksil
    - rantai samping (contoh: asam aspartat, asam glutamat, lisin)

    Penambahan/ pengurangan konsentrasi H+ dalam larutan

    Perubahan sifat keasaman aa


    Isoelectric point or isoelectric pH (pI)
    ◦ pI = rerata pKa
    ◦ The characteristic pH at which the net electric charge is
    zero (muatan positif dan negatif dalam jumlah sama)

    Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 5th ed


    Isoelectric point or isoelectric pH (pI)
    ◦ pI = rerata pKa
    ◦ For glycine, which has no ionizable group in its side chain, the isoelectric
    point is simply the arithmetic mean of the two pKa values

    Pada pH 5.79, glisin berbentuk kationik dan bermuatan positif


    Di atas pH ini, glsin berbentuk anionik dan bermuatan negatif
    Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 5th ed
    Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 5th ed
    Asam lemah 
    konstanta ionisasi asam (pKa)

    Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 5th ed


    “The word protein that I propose to you . . . I would wish to derive from
    proteios, because it appears to be the primitive or principal substance
    of animal nutrition that plants prepare for the herbivores, and which
    the latter then furnish to the carnivores.”
    —J. J. Berzelius, letter to G. J. Mulder, 1838
    PETUNJUK UTS
    Latihan soal untuk ujian Jumat ini (09 Oktober 2020)
    Dengan menggunakan tulisan tangan
    1. Gambarkan struktur 20 asam amino yang umum ditemukan pada
    makhluk hidup!
    2. Buat simulasi soal pilihan ganda (A, B, C, D, E) dengan konten jawaban di
    nomor 1! Bagikan ke rekan sekelompok dan berlatihlah lalu bandingkan!
    3. Tuliskan dalam tabel singkatan 3 huruf dari setiap asam amino yang Anda
    sebutkan di nomor 1!
    4. Buat simulasi soal pilihan ganda (A, B, C, D, E) dengan konten jawaban di
    nomor 3! Bagikan ke rekan sekelompok dan berlatihlah lalu bandingkan!
    5. Jelaskan peran gugus R pada Histidin dan kaitannya dengan
    keberadaannya yang umum di enzim!
    Tautan yang dapat menolong
    - Amino Acid Structure: https://www.khanacademy.org/test-
    prep/mcat/biomolecules/amino-acids-and-proteins1/v/amino-acid-
    structure

    - Classification of amino acids: https://www.khanacademy.org/test-


    prep/mcat/biomolecules/amino-acids-and-proteins1/v/classification-
    amino-acids

    - Amino Acid Explorer:


    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Class/Structure/aa/aa_explorer.cgi

    - [Protein Primary] Structure:


    https://cbm.msoe.edu/includes/modules/jmolProteinStructure/primarystru
    cture.html
    POST-UTS
    OLIGOPEPTIDA DAN PROTEIN
    TUGAS
    1. Menjelaskan pembentukan ikatan peptida
    2. Menjelaskan oligopeptida aktif fisiologis
    3. Menjelaskan fungsi fisiologis protein
    4. Menjelaskan sturktur protein
    5. Menjelaskan denaturasi dan renaturasi protein
    6. Menjelaskan pemurnian protein dengan SDS Page
    IKATAN PEPTIDA

    Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 5th ed


    IKATAN PEPTIDA (2)

    Molecular biology of the cell, 6th ed.


    OLIGOPEPTIDA AKTIF
    FISIOLOGIS

    https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/rest/pug_view/image/biologic/634404/SVG

    https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/image/imgsrv.fcgi?cid=172198&t=l

    https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0163725816300419-gr2.jpg
    OLIGOPEPTIDA AKTIF
    FISIOLOGIS (2)

    http://embomolmed.embopress.org/content/embomm/2/7/247/F1.large.jpg
    STRUKTUR
    PROTEIN

    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Class/MLACourse/Original8Hour/Genetics/structure.html
    STRUKTUR
    PROTEIN (2)

    Molecular biology of the cell, 6th ed.


    STRUKTUR
    PROTEIN (3)

    Molecular biology of the cell, 6th ed.


    STRUKTUR
    PROTEIN (4)

    Molecular biology of the cell, 6th ed.


    STRUKTUR
    PROTEIN (5)

    Molecular biology of the cell, 6th ed.


    STRUKTUR PROTEIN (6)

    Lehninger Principles of
    Biochemistry, 5th ed

    Harper Illustrated
    Biochemistry, 30th ed
    DENATURASI DAN
    RENATURASI PROTEIN

    http://www.mun.ca/biology/desmid/brian/BIOL2060/BIOL2060-01-06/02_18.jpg
    PEMURNIAN PROTEIN
    TUJUAN PEMBELAJARAN:
    METABOLISME PROTEIN
    Menjelaskan tentang metabolisme protein:
    1. Menjelaskan Fungsi Nutrisi Protein
    2. Menjelaskan Pencernaan dan Absorpsi Protein
    3. Menjelaskan Penghancuran Protein
    4. Menjelaskan Degradasri Protein dalam Sel
    5. Menjelaskan Metabolisme Ammonia
    6. Menjelaskan Pembentukan Urea
    7. Menjelaskan Penyakit Parkinson
    8.1. FUNGSI NUTRISI PROTEIN

    Lippincotts Illustrated Reviews Biochemistry, 5th edition.


    8.1. FUNGSI NUTRISI PROTEIN
    (2)

    https://med.libretexts.org/@api/deki/files/2441/0df2538523051178a8d888b201bd05eb.jpg?revision=1&size=bestfit&width=320&height=351
    8.1. FUNGSI NUTRISI PROTEIN
    (3)
    Asam amino esensial= AA yang AA semi-esensial= AA yang dapat
    tidak dapat disintesis dalam tubuh disientesis dalam tbuh dari AA
    dan harus diperoleh dari diet esensial
    ◦ Triptofan ◦ Tirosin
    ◦ Fenilalanin ◦ Fenilalanin
    ◦ Lisin ◦ Sistein
    ◦ Treonin ◦ Metionin
    ◦ Valin
    ◦ Leusin
    ◦ Isoleusin
    ◦ Metionin
    8.2. PENCERNAAN PROTEIN
    DAN ABSORBSI ASAM AMINO

    Lippincotts Illustrated Reviews Biochemistry, 5th edition.


    8.2. PENCERNAAN PROTEIN DAN
    ABSORBSI ASAM AMINO (3)

    Costanzo LS. Gastrointestinal physiology. Costanzo LS. In: Physiology, 6th ed.
    https://www.clinicalkey.com/f0150
    8.2. PENCERNAAN PROTEIN DAN
    ABSORBSI ASAM AMINO (4)

    Costanzo LS. Gastrointestinal physiology. Costanzo LS. In: Physiology, 6th ed.
    https://www.clinicalkey.com/f0155
    8.3. PENGHANCURAN
    PROTEIN
    Protein yang tidak tercerna + AA yang tidak terabsorpsi degradasi
    ◦  Vit K, vit B12, asam folat
    ◦  Amin, fenol, indol, H2S
    TUGAS KELOMPOK
    3. 1. JELASKAN MEKANISME PENGHANCURAN PROTEIN YANG TIDAK
    DICERNA DAN AA YANG TIDAK DIABSORPSI DAPAT MENJADI SENYAWA
    TOKSIK DAN BAGAIMANA KOMA HEPATIK DAPAT TERJADI
    8.4. DEGRADASI PROTEIN
    DALAM SEL
    Protein memiliki waktu paruh—waktu untuk menurunkan
    konsentrasi protein hingga 50%dari seluruhnya

    JALUR LISOSOMAL JALUR SITOSOL


    ◦ Proses tidak tergantung ATP ◦ Proses tergantung ATP dan
    ◦ Degradasi oleh katepsin ubiquitin
    ◦ Degradasi oleh proteasom
    8.7 PD
    Sex differences in Parkinson’s disease:
    Features on clinical symptoms,
    treatment outcome, sexual hormones
    and genetics
    Jurado-Coronel, Juan Camilo,
    Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology,
    Volume 50, 18-30

    Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc.

    Several estrogen receptor (ER) interacting proteins, which behave as co-activators or co-repressors, modify the ERα
    transcriptional activity. The proteasome is involved in the degradation, transactivation and in the complete
    estrogen-dependent transcription process. The activation of other nuclear receptors is also coupled with
    degradation of these proteins by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Each nuclear receptor coactivator degradation
    is promoted by a specific E3 ubiquitin ligase. Parkin, an enzyme E3 ligase, whose deficiency causes autosomal
    recessive PD, ubiquinates several substrate proteins, targeting them for proteosomal degradation through
    collaboration with the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, UbcH7, a co-activator for steroid hormone receptors. Parkin
    has a RINGIBR- RING motif in the C-terminus, which was predicted to be involved in the regulation of gene
    expression.
    8.5. METABOLISME AMONIA
    Sumber amonia
    ◦ Endogen
    ◦ Deaminasi AA
    ◦ Katabolisme senyawa nitrogen lain
    ◦ Eksogen
    ◦ Penghancuran protein
    ◦ Degradasi urea

    NH3 toksik terhadap sistem saraf pusat


    ◦ ditranspor sebagai glutamin
    ◦ siklus alanin-glukosa
    8.5. METABOLISME
    AMONIA (2)

    Lippincotts Illustrated Reviews


    Biochemistry, 5th edition.
    8.5. METABOLISME
    AMONIA (3)

    Lippincotts Illustrated Reviews


    Biochemistry, 5th edition.
    8.6. PEMBENTUKAN
    UREA

    Lippincotts Illustrated Reviews


    Biochemistry, 5th edition.

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