Script Komik : Sectors
Script Komik : Sectors
Erus NOTED
Kata-kata yang warna biru itu key features buat gambar di panelnya.
Kata-kata yang diitalic diabaikan aja, nggak usah dimasukin ke komiknya, itu keterangan doang
biar ntar nda lupa pas bikin script presentasinya, soalnya itu rada penting tapi ngga muat di
komik.
Pas masukin fontnya, semuanya pake huruf kapital kecuali titles. Nggak ditulis pake kapital
semua dulu di sini soalnya bakal tambah pusing.
Masukin font dulu baru balon bicaranya disesuaikan sama fontnya, jangan fontnya yang
disesuaikan sama balon bicara. Ntar kebanyakan makan space, belum kalau mau diganti.
Gambar entire panelnya dulu, balon bicara cuma waktu sketch. Ntar pas udah mau taroh font
aja tinggal ditindih. Pokoknya beda layer. Kalau bisa transparency balon bicaranya dibikin
setengah jadi gambar di bawahnya masih keliatan tapi nggak ganggu.
Huruf tebal itu pas masukin fontnya ditebelin juga, yang warna orange berarti pas masukin
fontnya diwarnain juga.
Kalau semuat-muatnya scriptnya nggak cukup di satu page, pisah aja jadi dua pages tp jangan
gabung sama page sebelum/setelah.
Panel 1
A: Hi!
Panel 2
A: Different types of electromagnetic radiation have a lot of hazards and benefits in many
sectors.
Panel 1
A: What is an EMR?
Panel 2
A: It is the Electromagnetic Radiation, also called EM Radiation, the flow of energy that
presents in everyone’s daily life.
Panel 3
A: It is called electromagnetic radiation because the waves radiate from electrically charged
participles undergoing acceleration.
Panel 4:
A: It travels at the universal speed of light (300,000 kilometres per second) through empty space
as well as through air and other substances, in the form of the electric and magnetic fields that
make up electromagnetic waves.
EMR is emitted by the sun. The sun gives off packets of energy called photons in the high
temperature, and it moves at the speed of light.
Page 3 Title: Different Types of EMR
Panel 1
Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves in which the direction of its propagation is
perpendicular.
A: As the topic goes, there are many types of electromagnetic radiation that we are going to talk
about.
This is important as the different types of EMR have different impacts in many sectors.
Panel 2
A: All types of EM radiation have different frequencies range as well as their respective
wavelengths and photon energies. This is known as EM spectrum.
B: The EM spectrum lists the least powerful EMR, radio waves, to the most powerful EMR,
gamma rays.
Panel 3
A: The EM spectrum is also broken up into two important parts: ionizing radiation and non-
ionizing radiation.
B: They are differentiated by the photon energies. Ionizing radiation has enough energy in one
photon to remove electrons or break apart chemical bombs.
Panel 4
Panel 1
A: The shorter the wavelength of EM waves is, the more harmful it becomes! Do you know
why?
Panel 2
B: That means, the one with the shortest wavelength has the highest level of frequency.
Panel 3
A: There are seven main forms of EMR that we need to know of.
B: Non-ionizing radiation includes the spectrum of radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible
light, and ultraviolet. Ionizing radiation includes the spectrum of X-rays and gamma rays.
These seven types!
Panel 4
A: Most forms of EMR can be hazardous. The most dangerous form has the highest photon
energy based on its electromagnetic spectrum, and this ionizing radiation is gamma rays.
Panel 5
A: Gamma rays are emitted by the nucleus of an atom. It can go through 6 feet of concrete as
well as damage your DNA! It can actually penetrate just about anything, but not the earth’s
atmosphere.
B: Both the sun and nuclear bombs give off gamma rays. Gamma rays often occur in space as
gamma ray bursts.
Gamma rays most often occur in space as gamma ray bursts. Gamma ray bursts are the most
powerful explosions in the universe since the Big Bang.
Panel 6
A: These EM radiations have their own hazards and benefits in many sectors.
Panel 1
A: The EMR effects on human body cells act by removing calcium ions, and the leakage of
calcium ions can cause diseases in the human body.
B: Even if the EMR is non-ionizing radiation and will not damage DNA, being overexposed can
still lead to cancer and various diseases.
Panel 2
A: People can be exposed to EMR from both natural and man-made sources.
B: Many wireless telecommunication devices, such as cell phones, laptops, television and radio
broadcastings, radars, Wi-Fi modems, Bluetooth devices, antennas et cetera emit RF radiation
that is harmful to humans when overexposed.
Panel 3
A: Radio frequency or RF radiation includes radio wave and microwave. Microwaves are radio
waves of the highest frequency range.
B: If RF radiation is absorbed by the body in large enough amounts, it can produce heat and
cause thermal effects to occur. This may lead to burns and body tissue damage.
Panel 4
A: Mobile phone radiation can penetrate the brain and disturb the central nervous system at a
certain level of absorption depending on the skull thickness, causing brain cancer. The
absorption rate is the highest for 5-year-olds.
B: Additionally, the lenses of the eyes are particularly sensitive to intense heat. Exposure to high
levels of RF radiation can cause cataracts.
The human eye is sensitive to all of the radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum, especially if
that radiation is at a very high level of intensity. Exposure to intense electromagnetic radiation,
including the non-ionizing ones, can damage the lens and cornea of the eye.
Panel 5
A: For expectant mothers, the excessive use of mobile phones may also interfere with the
formation of the fetus in the womb, weakening its brain ability.
B: Other effects include Alzheimer’s disease (long-term exposure), fatigue, headache, dizziness,
tension, sleep disturbance, cardiovascular problems, skin diseases, visual disruptions and hearing
problems.
Page 6: In the Field of Physical Health
Panel 1
A: Each day, humans are immersed in infrared radiation from the sun in the form of heat. IR or
infrared radiation waves are the same as heat waves.
B: Thermal or heat injuries can happen depending on the wavelength of the infrared light.
Panel 2
A: IR can lead to cataracts and scotoma, which is a loss of vision caused by damage to the
retina.
B: Large doses of IR waves can also damage human skin and body tissues.
Panel 3
A: Other than those, visible light—which is the range of electromagnetic waves that humans can
see—is typically pretty harmless.
B: Intense exposure to visible light however damages the receptor cells in eye, causing
temporary or permanent blindness.
Panel 4
A: Sources of visible light include television and computer screens, glow sticks, as well as
fireworks.
B: Visible light comes in all the colours of a rainbow, each with their own frequency and
wavelength. When all the colours are together, they make white light!
Panel 5
A: Red light has the lowest frequency; violet light has the highest frequency!
B: Exposure to the blue light produced by TV can cause photochemical injury to the retina.
Panel 6
A: This risk is greater for children rather than for adults since a child’s retina captures more blue
lights.
B: For adults, the absorption rate is 50%, while the absorption rate for children is 70-80%.
Page 7: In the Field of Physical Health
Panel 1
A: The next hazardous EMR in this field is ultraviolet radiation, which is found naturally in the
sunlight as its main source.
B: Our skin responds to UV exposure by turning darker overtime, which is called a sun tan.
Why does this happen?
Panel 2
A: Our bodies attempt to reduce the amount of UV radiation reaching deeper skin tissues!
B: Darker skins absorb more UV light, thus less UV radiation reaches the deeper tissues.
Panel 3
A: Exposure to UV rays can cause premature aging of the skin. Our corneas can also become
inflamed or burned.
B: Worst yet, our eyes may be blinded! UV radiation can cause eye web, a tissue growth on the
surface of the eye, in which it can impair vision.
Panel 4
A: UV radiation can cause cells to become cancerous. Do you know that most skin cancers are a
result of exposure to the UV rays in the sunlight?
B: However, UV rays do not penetrate deeply into the body and will not cause cancer in internal
organs. The examples of cancers it may cause are Merkel cell carcinoma and melanoma of the
eye.
Panel 5
B: Your body will find it harder to fend off infections, and vaccines may become less effective.
Page 8: In the Field of Physical Health
Panel 1
A: Those all were non-ionizing radiation. What about the ionizing ones?
B: Gamma rays can ionize living tissue, cause cancer by producing free radicals, produce gene
mutations, and destroy living cells, causing cells death.
Panel 2
A: X-ray was discovered by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, which is why X-ray is often called
Roentgen rays.
B: The more you are exposed to X-ray, the higher your risk of harm is. It can harm living tissues
and damage cells, causing mutations which may also lead to cancer and cells death.
Panel 3
A: The X-rays people normally take provide such a low dose of radiation and will not cause
immediate health problems.
B: Although the risk is very low, the short-term side effects include vomiting, bleeding, fainting,
as well as the loss of skin and hair.
Panel 4
A: Lastly, the chemotherapy radiation treatment to women provides a high risk of recurrence
cervical cancer after a few years.
Panel 5
A: We got to know the possible hazards caused by EMR radiation on human’s health. Most of
them are linked to cancers and eye diseases.
B: Now we are going to talk about EMR impacts on biotic systems and environment.
Page 9: On Biotic Systems and Environment
Panel 1
A: EMR takes a huge toll on other living creatures, which are animals and plants, as well as the
environment.
Panel 2
A: EMR effects are relatively larger in flying birds, sparrows, pigeons, and bees in comparison
with humans.
B: The overall structure of birds is small and has less weight. Birds get heated up very frequent.
Panel 3
A: When migratory birds come in direct contact with EMR from TV, cell phone and FM
towers, which emit RF radiation, it affects their navigational abilities.
Panel 4
A: Microwave radiation is the reason for colony collapse disorder or CCD in honey bees.
B: It is a type of honey bee’s loss. They cannot detect the right way to find the hive due to
consistent EMR pollution.
Panel 5
A: Microwave radiation can also affect mammals, for instance, grazing cows and dairy cows.
B: The exposure can cause defective embryos, birth deformities, behavioral problems, and
changing composition of milk which leads to a decrease in milk production and fertility
problems.
Panel 6
B: EMR from towers is also a source of amphibian populations’ declines due to morphological
abnormalities, increase in the heart rate, changes in blood count, and allergies.
Page 10: On Biotic Systems and Environment
Panel 1
A: Radiations emitted from mobile phones interfere with morphological and biochemical
processes
Panel 2
B: causing changes in their weight and growth, thickness level of the stem and so forth.
Panel 3
A: Heat produced by EMR can also kill microorganisms present in the upper surface of earth
soil.
Panel 4
Panel 5
A: UV-B radiation is also hazardous to living organisms, damaging DNA, proteins, lipids and
membranes.
B: Plants which use sunlight for photosynthesis are unable to avoid exposure.
Panel 6
A: Plant absorption of UV-B radiation can result in multiple deleterious effects to plant tissues
and deformed morphological parameters in which the latter causes slow growth on plants.
Page 11: In Food Safety
Panel 1
B: Microwave radiation from microwave oven can penetrate many things like water, ice, and
smog.
Panel 2
A: It affects the nutrient capability of vegetables and destroys the anti-cancer ability of a variety
of vegetables
Panel 3
A: Getting exposed to EMR is inevitable as living beings, but its possibilities of harmful effects
are not at all unavoidable!
Panel 4
A: The right level of absorption is all that you need to be aware of, and most of these hazards are
of low risk in common.
Panel 5
A: Well then, at this point we are done with the hazards of EMR.
Panel 6
Panel 1
A: From time to time, humans always know how to make use of existing things.
B: Even the most harmful ones to exist can benefit lives in some way.
Panel 2
A: That being said, EMR is widely useful and even have more benefits than hazards.
Panel 3
A: If you crave to know what these hazardous forms of EMR are being made use of, let’s go to
the next page!
Page 13: In the Field of Medical Treatment
Panel 1
A: The killing and destructive power of EMR can be used constructively for curing incurable
diseases …
B: by eradicating the disease-producing pathogens and microorganisms like bacteria, virus and
fungi.
Panel 2
A: While it can cause diseases, it can as well cure diseases; while it can cause health to
deteriorate, it can as well improve health.
B: Infrared is used for a safe, natural, non-invasive and painless physical therapy, called infrared
therapy.
Panel 3
A: It is a light-based method to treat pain and inflammation in various parts of the body.
Panel 4
A: Infrared therapy improves cardiovascular health and treats muscular injuries. It is also a
potential cancer cure.
Panel 5
A: Its roles in human bodies include detoxification, pain relief, reduction of muscle tension,
improved circulation, weight loss …
B: … skin purification, lowered side effects of diabetes, boosting of the immune system and
lowering of blood pressure.
Page 14: In the Field of Medical Treatment
Panel 1
A: Light has therapeutic effects! Some wavelengths of light in certain doses can heal tissue.
Panel 2
A: There is also photodynamic therapy, the use of visible light in medical treatment to tend
various diseases.
B: Phototherapy is used in the treatment of cancer, acne vulgaris, seasonal affective disorders,
depression, psoriasis, eczema and neurodermatitis.
Panel 3
A: Your skin makes vitamin D naturally when it is exposed to UV rays from the sun.
B: How much vitamin D you make depends on your age, your skin colour, and how strong the
sunlight is.
Panel 4
A: What is beneficial about this? Well, vitamin D has many health benefits.
B: With the right doses, UV light may even lower the risk of some cancers.
Panel 5
A: Exposure to UV light is linked to skin cancer, but some cancerous skin conditions can be
treated using UV light …
Panel 1
A: We have known that X-rays or Roentgen rays are commonly used in medical field to take
pictures of internal organs.
Panel 2
Panel 3
A: Despite the harm it may cause, gamma rays can be used to treat cancer.
Panel 4
A: Precisely because gamma rays can kill living cells, they are used to kill cancer cells through
radiation therapy.
B: Radiotherapy kills cancer cells and shrinks tumors with the right dose.
Panel 5
A: It works because healthy cells can repair themselves fairy well when damaged by gamma
rays, but cancer cells cannot.
Page 16: In the Telecommunication Sector
Panel 1
B: Radio waves and microwaves are used for communication. They are transmitted easily
through air.
Panel 2
A: Radio waves do not cause damage when absorbed and can be reflected to change their
direction.
B: These properties make them ideal for communications and to transmit signals.
Panel 3
A: RF radiation is not the only one used in the telecommunication sector, there is also visible
light.
B: The benefit of visible light can be seen from laser beams used to broadcast sound, images, or
signals through fiber optics.
Panel 4
A: We concentrate visible light to make lasers to use in CD players. Visible light waves make
our TV, computer and cell phone screens work.
B: Visible light is used to provide both lighting and information using VLC (Visible Light
Communication) techniques.
Panel 5
Panel 6
A: The Li-Fi uses visible light for communication to provide high speed Internet.
Page 17: On Biotic Systems and Environment
Panel 1
B: Low power EMR exposure may be used to improve the mammalian female reproductive
system.
Panel 2
A: Moreover, there are many advantages of EMR in the agriculture sector such to enhance the
growth of plants.
Panel 3
A: UV light is extremely important for plant growth. In safe doses, it helps plants and crops
produce essential plant oils.
B: The oils enhance the flavor and smell of fruit, also helps the plants protect themselves from
excessive UV exposure, acting as their own natural sunscreens.
Panel 4
A: The UV-B spectrum also offers a bit of natural protection against fungal infection and
unwanted pests.
Panel 5
A: Short-wave UV-C light is also used to design UV air purifiers referred to as UV germicidal
irradiation, which is to reduce indoor air pollutants …
B: inactivating airborne pathogens and microorganisms like mold, bacteria and viruses.
Page 18: On Biotic Systems and Environment
Panel 1
A: Other than to reduce the population of plant pests or insects, gamma rays is also used for the
manufacture of disease resistant superior plant varieties with high productivity.
Panel 2
A: Gamma rays are applied in in-vitro selection to induce mutation in seeds and other planting
materials.
B: Gamma rays are physical mutagens, which are used more frequently as compared to
chemical mutagens, to create artificially induced mutations in plant mutation breeding.
Panel 3
A: In in-vitro culture technique, gamma rays can be used to obtain plant genotype tolerance to
adverse environment conditions.
B: During the irradiation of the seeds to generate mutants, reactive oxygen species (ROS) or free
radicals can generate in cells, produced by gamma rays.
Panel 4
A: ROS regulates biological activities such as growth, development, and response to biotic and
abiotic stress factors.
B: They can signal molecule activation of permanent genes of antioxidant enzymes and proline,
which are defense systems against these radicals in plant cells.
Panel 5
A: Then, starting from the first generation of plants, this provides to improve superior plant
varieties against biotic and abiotic stress factors.
Panel 6
A: Hence, in-vitro selection is the greatest method to gain the desired traits of a plant as it can
manipulate the variation to the expected result.
Page 19: In Food Safety
Panel 1
A: UV radiation can kill bacteria that are present in water by destroying their capacity to
reproduce.
B: This sterilizes the water, making it safe to drink and is chemical free.
Panel 2
B: Irradiation is the process of using ionizing radiation to kill bacteria and other microorganisms
in food products without causing a lethal dose of radiation in humans.
Panel 3
A: Gamma rays (Cobalt 60) are used to preserve food by irradiating decay-causing bacteria.
Panel 4
A: These gamma rays modify chemical bonds and kill bacteria. The process prevents sprouting
or ripening of fruits and vegetables with no significant changes in the food’s content.
Panel 5
A: Do you know that irradiation is one way to help preserve food sent into space with
astronauts?
Panel 1
A: Infrared and gamma rays are being used in manufactures and industrial field.
Panel 2
A: Infrared light can dry vehicle paint quickly in the automotive industry.
Panel 3
A: Gamma rays are used for industrial radiography to test materials for flaws and detect
defects in metal castings, also to find weak spots in welded structures.
Panel 4
B: Gamma rays can pass through materials without damaging them. These testing procedures
ensure that the materials are safe and of good quality.
Panel 5
A: X-rays and ultrasound radiation are also used for this work, for instance, to analyze crystal
structure.
Panel 6
A: X-ray inspection systems for automotive manufactures can scan for welding cracks,
overlaps, issues with coolant hoses, faults in micro-electromechanical devices and fuel injection
mechanisms.
Page 21: In Astronomy
Panel 1
A: Scientists can learn about stars by observing the colour of light they give off.
B: The colour of a star’s light indicates its temperature and the type of gases it is made of.
Panel 2
A: People also study the sun using visible light to understand its structure.
B: Satellites with cameras that capture visible light are continuously used to monitor the surface
of our planet.
Panel 3
A: Infrared light is used by satellites to photograph the earth’s surface even though it is blocked
by fog or clouds.
B: Many objects in the universe cannot be detected well in visible light, but can be revealed by
using infrared energy in optical telescopes.
Panel 4
A: It is because infrared waves have longer wavelengths than visible light in EM spectrum.
B: Infrared waves can pass through dense regions of gas and dust in space with less scattering
and absorption.
Panel 5
B: Observing and recording the UV from astronomical objects enables scientists to gain extra
information concerning their temperatures and chemical compositions.
Page 22: In Military
Panel 1
A: Laser beams are composed of highly amplified EMR including visible light, microwaves and
infrared.
B: These lasers are strong enough to burn a hole through metal, all the more to damage flesh.
Panel 2
A: Extremely powerful lasers are being developed by the military for use as weapons.
Panel 3
A: Military commanders have also become accustomed to communicating with their forces near-
instantaneously.
Panel 4
A: Radio frequencies are the primary mechanism for this since can be located terrestrially, in the
air, or in space.
Panel 5
A: For situation awareness purposes, the military uses radio or microwave frequencies to develop
a picture of the battle space.
Page 23: In Technologies and Security
Panel 1
A: In the field of technology, radio waves are used in navigation and air-traffic control.
B: Visible light cameras also provide perfectly clear images during the day.
Panel 2
A: Infrared is used a lot in technology, like in the remote control of various electronic equipment
as well as in infrared thermometer guns.
Panel 3
A: Infrared thermometer guns are a great way to measure the temperature of foods without
having to penetrate them or make contact.
Panel 4
A: For natural resource mapping photography, infrared can detect the plants growing on earth in
detail.
Panel 5
A: The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) uses X-ray machines to screen carry-on
items and checked luggage.
B: Gamma rays are also used to examine airport luggage and cargo.
Page 24: In Technologies and Security
Panel 1
A: UV photography, which is often used for medical, scientific and forensic purposes, uses
specific lenses to let UV light pass through the camera’s lenses.
Panel 2
Panel 3
A: Scientists use UV light to analyze the chemical structure of a compound via colour changes.
Panel 4
Panel 5
A: This process is used in chemical and biological plants, hospitals, water quality control
laboratories, the petrochemical industry and the food industry.
Page 25: In Art
Panel 1
A: In the field of art, the use of UV light is commonly used to identify the authenticity of works
of art …
Panel 2
B: Further X-ray examination can add more conclusive technical information called scanning
macro X-ray fluorescence analysis.
Panel 3
A: The X-rays can analyze the pigments used, and the scan can help experts determine whether a
painting is genuine or a copy.
Panel 4
A: By irradiating art objects, gamma rays also help to eliminate larvae, insects or bacteria living
inside the objects.
Panel 5
Panel 1
A: Thermal infrared imaging is used to locate buried architecture and other cultural landscape
elements
Panel 2
B: Light given off after an X-ray blast yields a neat list of the atoms within.
Panel 3
B: This X-ray fluorescence, or XRF, works by measuring the after-effects of X-ray illumination.
Panel 4
Panel 5
A: Each atom releases a characteristic colour of light, yielding a full chemical analysis.
B: Therefore, the XRF technique can meticulously analyze artifacts from the past.
Page 26: Others
Panel 1
A: Other benefits include the use of EMR in daily lives or minor sectors.
Panel 2
A: Cones in our eyes are receivers for these tiny visible light waves.
B: The sun is a natural source for visible light waves, and our eyes see the reflections of this
sunlight off the objects around us.
Panel 3
B: Ultraviolet is also used by detectives or companies for inspection of documents, forged bank
notes, and authenticity of a signature.
Panel 4
A: UV lights are used in the production of polyphenols. It is a very beneficial plant that is said to
prevent cancer and aging.
Panel 5
A: UV is used for indoor gardening and eradicating bugs. It has many commercial and industrial
applications as well.
B: There are also the microwaves used to heat the microwave, analyze atomic and molecule
structure, measure the depth of the sea and for TV networks.
Page 28: Summary
Panel 1
B: There are both hazards and benefits to obtain from its existence.
Panel 2
Panel 3
A: … but this can be avoided, while at the same time we cannot live without the EMR giving us
so many benefits.
Panel 4
A: With the right utilization, people can of course minimize the hazardous effects to gain only
the benefits.
Panel 5
A: Therefore, we need to pay attention and become aware of the overexposure and overdoses.
EXTRA PAGE
gambar makhluk2 aja ceritanya penonton, ini setelah slide cover, sebelum masuk ke definisinya
emr
tulisannya:
jadi ceritanya habis dikasihtau dampak buruknya radiasi elektromagnetik, penontonnya jadi
takut-takut
2. tapi dia liat penontonnya nggada yang dengerin dia ngomong, pada panik bisik2 sama
penonton2 di sampingnya, terus bubble karakternya isinya “…”
“Please wait!”
“We said there are also decent effects of EMR. We are only halfway to go.”
“A lot more things are yet to tell. Now, please bear with us for the next few moments!”
EXTRA PAGE
Title: Q & A
Panel 1
A: So, that's all! I believe all of you must've understood all about EMR, its hazards and benefits
…
Panel 2
B: ... or no?
Panel 3
Panel 4
Panel 5
B: ... anything!