Topic 2 - Window Sprinkler

Cost Effective
Solution for Fire

Rated Glass
Not your
Typical Sprinkler
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Fire Sprinkler’s Primary Function

Model WS Window Sprinkler
World’s first and only sprinkler that is UL, C-UL Listed for use as ‘Specific
Application Window Sprinkler’ and as open sprinklers for outside use
Model WS purpose is to completely wet the surface of the glass to provide a 2-

hour equivalency for a fire separation assembly

Specific Application?

Specific Applications
NFPA 13 states:
“…Nothing in this standard is intended to restrict new technologies

or alternate arrangements, provided the level of safety prescribed by
this standard is not lowered…”

What is “Specific Application”?
A method of developing specific design and protection criteria

for fire hazards not covered by current Standards.
or
A method of developing “improved” specific design and

protection criteria for hazards currently covered by Standards,
but may be found to be insufficient by today’s needs.

How does a “Specific Application” come about?
A need is identified by:

• Manufacturer
• Consortium (e.g. Retail Groups; Building Manufacturers; Tire Manufacturers;
etc)
• Insurance Underwriters
• Private Sector

“Specific Application” Listing Requirements
Full Scale fire testing is performed by a

Nationally Recognized Laboratory
At which;
A “Specific Application” Listing is

published in an appropriate Listing
Guide
and/or
A Technical Report is written outlining the

full scale fire testing and associated
data

Path to
Specific Application

Testing
Same temperatures as ASTM/UL E-119 and CAN/ULC-S101-M89 ( for 2 hours)
In accordance with Canadian Construction Materials Centre (CCMC) Technical
Guide for Sprinkler Protected Glazing Systems
Tested with Butt-Joints and Mullions
• 40kW Fire
• Five tests with various assembly types and sprinkler locations
Passed the Hose Stream Test ANSI/UL 10B
No cracking or physical damage to window

ASTM E-119 Test Furnace Set Up

ASTM E 119 Test
The following is the information provided by UL concerning the ASTM E 119 test
procedure: As a part of the testing, test furnace calibration tests were conducted
to establish a natural gas flow rate curve required to generate a time-temperature
relationship as specified in ASTM E 119 with a gypsum wall assembly installed in
the location where the window was intended to be installed with no sprinklers
discharging water. The fire tests conducted to investigate the ability of the
sprinkler to protect the window utilized the same natural gas flow conditions that
were established during the calibration test. While the gas flow conditions were
the same,
• the temperature within the test chamber was not in accordance with the ASTM
E 119 time-temperature curve when sprinklers discharged water onto the
window within the test furnace.
• operation of the sprinklers onto the window prevented the temperature from
reaching the limits of the ASTM E 119 temperature curve within the test
chamber.

Fire Test

Hose Stream Testing
Integral type of test in main fire testing standards:

• ASTM E 119
• ASTM E 814 / UL 1479
• ASTM E 1966 / UL 2079
Indicator of 2 attributes:
• The fire stop’s / assembly’s integrity
during fire exposure
• The material’s reliability to perform

its intended function

Tyco’s Model WS Specific Application Window Sprinkler
First sprinklers ever to be specifically Listed to provide
protection for heat strengthened or tempered glass
windows.
• UL & C-UL Listed
• ULC – Underwriters Laboratories Of Canada
• New York City Approval
• Witnessed by Factory Mutual-Report Available
Recognised by ICC-ES, & ULC as providing a two-hour equivalency for

a fire separation assembly. The success is based on:
• Fast response operating element
• Deflector design that wets entire window

Area of Use
When acceptable to the Authority Spray Pattern Comparison
Having Jurisdiction:
• In either a sprinklered or un-sprinklered
building to protect non-operable window
openings that are part of a fire
separation.
• As an open sprinkler for “Outside
Sprinkler Protection against Exposure
Fire”, per NFPA.
Model WS discharges to upper corners

and wets glass surface completely

Glass Type
Single-glazed (single pane), double-glazed (double pane ) or insulated,
non-operable heat-strengthened, tempered, or stronger glass window
assemblies where each individual pane is a minimum 1/4" (6 mm) thick.

Product Application

Multiple Windows Separated by Mullions
• TFP620: Figure 3B-1

• Minimum distance from Standard Sprinklers = 6-feet (1,83 m) unless
separated by a baffle
• Mullion will act as a baffle when:
- (pendant vertical sidewall) mullion extends to back of deflector
- (horizontal sidewall) mullion extends to sprinkler wrench flat

Multiple Windows Connected by Butt-Joints

• Sprinklers not required to be spaced with respect to butt-joints
• Tested with 3/8 inch (9.7 mm) silicone butt-joints
• Minimum distance from Standard Sprinklers = 6-feet (1,83 m) unless
separated by a baffle

Windows With Horizontal Mullions
• Not listed to protect windows with horizontal mullions

Horizontal Sidewall
TFP620: Figure 3C
• Maximum window height = 3.96m (13’)
• Maximum deflector distance from top of

window = 50.8mm (2”) +/- 25.4mm (1”)
• Orient the word “Top” stamped on

deflector facing the top of the window
• All combustible materials must be

minimum 50.8mm (2”) from face of
window

Vertical Sidewall
TFP620: Figure 3D
• Maximum window height = 3.96m (13’)
• Maximum deflector distance from top of

window = 76,2 mm (3”)) +/- 25,4 mm (1”)
• Minimum deflector (centerline) distance

from face of window = 101,6 mm (4”)
• Maximum deflector (centerline) distance

from face of window = 304,8 mm (12”)

minimum 50,8 mm (2”) from face of
window

Recessed Ceiling Typical Installation
TFP620: Figure 3E
• Both sprinkler models my be installed

into recessed ceiling spaces
• All window treatments / coverings shall

not be located between sprinkler and
window

minimum 50.8mm (2”)from face of
window

Hydraulic Requirements
Interior Protection for Sprinklered Building
• Determine which compartmented has the most hydraulically demanding

window sprinklers.
• Calculate up to the most demanding 46.5 linear feet (14,2 linear meters) on
one side of the window.
• Based upon NFPA 1.2 rule when area of operation is 1500 square feet (139.4 square
meters)
• If an area reduction for quick response sprinklers is utilized, the linear length of the
calculated window sprinklers shall not be less than 36 linear feet (11 meters)
• If the window sprinklers are in the hydraulically most demanding area of the
building, the water demand of the window sprinklers must be added and
balanced to the calculated area demand.
• If the window sprinklers are outside the hydraulically most demanding area of
the building, the water demand of the window sprinklers is not required to be
added to the remote area demand BUT, the ceiling sprinklers adjacent to the
window sprinklers must be calculated with the window sprinkler demand.

Hydraulic Requirements
Interior Protection for Non-Sprinklered Building

• Calculate all window sprinklers on the most demanding
side of the window assembly within the enclosure
Exterior Exposure Protection

• Calculate all window sprinklers controlled by the deluge
valve using the design requirements of the standard.

Water Requirements
Water Duration
• Must comply with NFPA requirements, this is usually 2 hours.
Minimum Flow per Sprinkler-

• 75.7 l/min (20 gpm) for sprinkler spacing 1.83 - 2.44 m (6 - 8 feet )less than 6
feet (1,83 meters)
Maximum Pressure per Sprinkler-

• Horizontal Sidewall = 4.83 bar (70 psi)
▪ If baffle or mullion of sufficient depth is provided between sprinklers, maximum pressure = 12.1 bar
(175 psi)
• Vertical Sidewall = 12.1 bar (175 psi))

Viable Option

Project References in Asia
Projects in Asia
Pacific Place,
Hong Kong
Chengdu MixC City,
China
Centennial Tower , Singapore

Projects in Asia
New Delhi Indira Gandhi International Airport, India
Marina Bay Sands,
Singapore

Window Sprinkler Installation Examples

Window Sprinkler Installation Examples

Window Sprinklers
35
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Cost Effective

Solution for Fire

Proprietary & Confidential / 2

Proprietary & Confidential / 3

Proprietary & Confidential / 4

Model WS purpose is to completely wet the surface of the glass to provide a 2-

Proprietary & Confidential / 5

Proprietary & Confidential / 6

“…Nothing in this standard is intended to restrict new technologies

Proprietary & Confidential / 7

A method of developing specific design and protection criteria

A method of developing “improved” specific design and

Proprietary & Confidential / 8

A need is identified by:

• Consortium (e.g. Retail Groups; Building Manufacturers; Tire Manufacturers;

Proprietary & Confidential / 9

Full Scale fire testing is performed by a

A “Specific Application” Listing is

A Technical Report is written outlining the

Proprietary & Confidential / 10

Proprietary & Confidential / 11

Proprietary & Confidential / 12

Proprietary & Confidential / 13

Proprietary & Confidential / 14

Proprietary & Confidential / 15

Integral type of test in main fire testing standards:

• ASTM E 814 / UL 1479

• ASTM E 1966 / UL 2079

• The material’s reliability to perform

Proprietary & Confidential / 16

Recognised by ICC-ES, & ULC as providing a two-hour equivalency for

• Fast response operating element

• Deflector design that wets entire window

Proprietary & Confidential / 17

Model WS discharges to upper corners

Proprietary & Confidential / 18

Proprietary & Confidential / 19

Proprietary & Confidential / 20

• TFP620: Figure 3B-1

Proprietary & Confidential / 21

• TFP620: Figure 3B-2

Proprietary & Confidential / 22

• TFP620: Figure 3B-3

• Not listed to protect windows with horizontal mullions

Proprietary & Confidential / 23

• Maximum window height = 3.96m (13’)

• Maximum deflector distance from top of

• Orient the word “Top” stamped on

• All combustible materials must be

Proprietary & Confidential / 24

• Maximum window height = 3.96m (13’)

• Maximum deflector distance from top of

• Minimum deflector (centerline) distance

• Maximum deflector (centerline) distance

• All combustible materials must be

Proprietary & Confidential / 25

• Both sprinkler models my be installed

• All window treatments / coverings shall

• All combustible materials must be