TSG

Basic CT training : Gantry CT

Gantry and Couch

rd
(3 generation)
24 sheets
Gantry *E

© Copyright Toshiba 1997 1

 TSG

Basic CT training : Gantry CT

Gantry / Couch

GANTRY

COUCH

© Copyright Toshiba 1997 2

 TSG

Basic CT training : Gantry CT

Rotation movement
• Movement of the X-ray tube and Detector.

• Rotation motor drives rotating part via belt.

• An Encoder is mechanically connected to the

rotation movement.
The pulses of this encoder are used to
generate View Trigger (VT) pulses
(to start Detector channel readout).

© Copyright Toshiba 1997 3

 TSG

Basic CT training : Gantry CT

Rotation movement
1 Non-continuous rotation.
- CW / CCW movement.
- Cables between stationary and rotating part.

2 Continuous rotation with High Voltage slipring.

- HV Generator outside gantry.
- HV slipring filled with SF6 gas for isolation.

3 Continuous rotation with Large Current slipring.

- HV Generator inside gantry (on rotating part).
- All power for rotating part via slipring.

© Copyright Toshiba 1997 4

 TSG

Basic CT training : Gantry CT

Rotation movement (CW)

T
T

Clockwise
Clockwise rotation
rotation
(440 o
(440orotation)
rotation)
(-40 o o
(-40oto
to+40
+40o))

© Copyright Toshiba 1997 5

 TSG

Basic CT training : Gantry CT

Rotation movement (CCW)

T
T

Counter
Counter Clockwise
Clockwise rotation
rotation
(440oorotation) (+40ooto -40oo)
(440 rotation) (+40 to -40 )

© Copyright Toshiba 1997 6

 TSG

Basic CT training : Gantry CT

Continuous rotation with HV slipring

(High Voltage)

To X-ray Tube
HVG GANTRY

Contact surface
Isolator
Filled with SF6 gas
for isolation

Brushes
HV cables

© Copyright Toshiba 1997 7

 TSG

Basic CT training : Gantry CT

Continuous rotation with LC slipring

(Large Current) 3x 200V GND

Carbon Brushes
GANTRY

Contact surface
Base

T
H
VG
brush
3 x 200V unit
55kVA

5 rings

© Copyright Toshiba 1997 8

 TSG

Basic CT training : Gantry CT

Shift movement (1/2)

• The tube and detector are mounted on a movable
chassis.

• The position of this chassis is depending on the

object to scan.

• Usually 3 positions possible (S , M , L).

• By positioning the tube closer to a small object the

shadow on the detector is larger.

• Not used anymore in new systems.

© Copyright Toshiba 1997 9
 TSG

Basic CT training : Gantry CT

Shift movement (2/2)

T T
T

Detectorcells used
Detectorcells used

• Large object. • Small object. • Small object.

• Many detector • No shift movement. • Shift movement.
cells used. • Few detector cells • Many detector
used. cells used.

© Copyright Toshiba 1997 10

 TSG

Basic CT training : Gantry CT

Tilt movement
Tilting • The chassis with
the rotation part
tilts to enable
scanning at
different angles.

• Normal tilt ranges

are from +/- 20o to
+/- 30o

© Copyright Toshiba 1997 11

 TSG

Basic CT training : Gantry CT

X-ray path
T TUBE
Collimator
Wedge
Slit

x-ray
beam

Beamtrimmer

Detector Detector

© Copyright Toshiba 1997 12

 TSG

Basic CT training : Gantry CT

X-ray path : Collimator

TUBE

Collimator

• The collimator is a metal plate with a hole.

• The collimator is the first limitation of the

x-ray beam.

© Copyright Toshiba 1997 13

 TSG

Basic CT training : Gantry CT

X-ray path : Wedge

T TUBE
Collimator
Wedge

• The wedge will limit the x-ray passing the

patient. Preventing overflow of the detector.

• Some systems have different wedges for

different objects to scan.

© Copyright Toshiba 1997 14

 TSG

Basic CT training : Gantry CT

X-ray path : Wedge

OUTPUT OUTPUT

WITHOUT
WITHOUTWEDGE
WEDGE WITH
WITHWEDGE
WEDGE
NO OBJECT

0 Detector channels 896 0 Detector channels 896

NO
SIGNAL
WITH OBJECT

0 Detector channels 896 0 Detector channels 896

SIGNAL
INCREASED OK
TUBE OUTPUT OVER- OVER-
FLOW! FLOW!
0 Detector channels 896 0 Detector channels 896

© Copyright Toshiba 1997 15

 TSG

Basic CT training : Gantry CT

X-ray path : Wedge

OUTPUT

Large field wedge

0 Detector channels 896

Medium field wedge

0 Detector channels 896

Small field wedge

0 Detector channels 896 aluminium

© Copyright Toshiba 1997 16

 TSG

Basic CT training : Gantry CT

X-ray path : Slit

T TUBE
Collimator
Wedge
Slit

• The slit defines the thickness of the slice

through the patient.

• The slice thickness is defined in the center of

rotation.
© Copyright Toshiba 1997 17
 TSG

Basic CT training : Gantry CT

X-ray path : Slit

TUBE
TUBE

Slice thickness

Detector

© Copyright Toshiba 1997 18

 TSG

Basic CT training : Gantry CT

X-ray path : Beamtrimmer

• The beamtrimmer limits the beam
exiting the object.

• The width of the beam entering

the detector contains data of a
smaller slice-thickness in the
center of rotation.

Detector • The Beam Trimmer is used for

thinner slice-thickness'
(1mm - 3mm)
© Copyright Toshiba 1997 19
 TSG

Basic CT training : Gantry CT

X-ray path : Beamtrimmer

Beamtrimmer / Detector : view from tube

Detector window Detector window

Beamtrimmer fully open Beamtrimmer closed for 3mm

• If the beamtrimmer is not used it is fully opened.

• Xpress/GX (SSD) uses B.T. for all slicethicknesses

to prevent scatter x-ray entering the detector.

• Some systems have a fixed beamtrimmer.

© Copyright Toshiba 1997 20
 TSG

Basic CT training : Gantry CT

Patient couch

SL
ID
E

HEIGHT

© Copyright Toshiba 1997 21

 TSG

Basic CT training : Gantry CT

Patient Positioning

Positioning Lights
Operator
Controls

© Copyright Toshiba 1997 22

 TSG

Basic CT training : Gantry CT

Patient Safety
t op
y S
e nc
e r g
Em

Touch Mat switch

© Copyright Toshiba 1997 23

 TSG

Basic CT training : Gantry CT

X-ray scatter chart

© Copyright Toshiba 1997 24