Plant Transport

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 (j)' TEST IT!
Section A: Multiple-Choice Questions
Choose the correct answer, and write its letter in the brackets provided.

1. The diagram shows sections of a leaf and of the stem of a plant.

3
c:::::_--.::::e~2-0~ec:::=====---==---
Leaf
4

Which regions represent the tissues that transport manufactured food substances?

Leaf Stem

A 1 3
B 1 4
C 2 3
D 2 4

2. The diagram shows a section from the stem of a plant.

&--}~--p

What substances are present in the parts labelled P and Q?

Substance In P Substance in Q

A Amino acids Sucrose

B Sucrose Amino acids

C Sucrose Water

D Water Water

72 Worksheet 8
12 © 2013 Marshall Cavendish International (Singapore) Private limited
3. The diagram shows a section from the leaf of a plant.
.----X

The structure labelled X _

A absorbs green light
B is capable of carrying out photosynthesis
C prevents sugar loss
D prevents excessive water loss

4. Part of the branch, in the diagram below, has been 'ringed'. What will happen to apple Y after
some time?

-+--- apple X

apple Y

A Grows bigger
B Remains the same
C Same size as apple X at the end of the experiment
D Shrinks in size

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© 2013 Marshall Cavendish International (Singapore) Private limited Worksheet 8 73
 5. Which conditions would cause a plant to wilt most rapidly?

A High humidity, high temperature, high wind speed

B High humidity, low temperature, high wind speed
C Low humidity, high temperature, high wind speed
D Low humidity, low temperature, high wind speed

6. Which graph shows the effect of air movement (wind speed) on the transpiration rate of a plant?

A Rate of B Rate of
transpiration transpiration

Wind speed Wind speed

C Rate of D Rate of
transpiration transpiration

Wind speed Wind speed

7. A leafy shoot, with the beaker of water in which it was placed, had a mass of 315 g. Three hours later,
it was found to have a mass of 297 g. A similar beaker of water, but without the shoot, lost only 3 g
over the same period. What was the rate of water loss from the leafy shoot?

A 3 gjhour
B 4 g/hour
C 5 gjhour
D 6 gjhour

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1 Which graph shows most clearly what will happen to the rate of transpiration as humidity
increases?

A B

rate of rate of
transpiration transpiration

humidity humidity

C D

rate of rate of
transpiration transpiration

humidity humidity

2 The diagram shows a potted plant and the same plant 24 hours later.

24 hours

What causes the change in the appearance of the plant?

A Water loss is greater than water uptake.

B Water moves from the leaves to the stem.
C Water uptake is equal to water loss.
D Water uptake is greater than water loss.

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3 By which process is water lost from a leaf?

A active transport
B diffusion
C osmosis
D photosynthesis

4 The lower end of a plant stem is placed in water coloured with red dye. After three hours, the
stem is cut as shown in the diagram.

Which labelled region is stained red?

5 What is transported in the phloem and what is the direction of transport?

A starch, up and down

B starch, up only
C sucrose, down and up
D sucrose, down only

6 In which order does water pass through the cells of a plant, as the water travels from the roots to
a leaf?

A mesophyll cells → root hair → root cortex → xylem

B root cortex → root hair → xylem → mesophyll cells

C root hair → mesophyll cells → root cortex → xylem

D root hair → root cortex → xylem → mesophyll cells

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7 The diagram shows a plant shoot and the same shoot six hours later.

plant shoot same shoot six hours later

Which change in environmental conditions could cause this change in the shoot?

A a decrease in available water

B a decrease in light intensity
C a decrease in wind speed
D an increase in humidity

8 A celery stalk is placed in a beaker of blue dye. Once the dye reaches the leaves, the stalk is
taken out and cut in half.

celery stalk

cut

blue dye

Which diagram shows the appearance of the cut end of the stalk?

A B C D

blue dye blue dye blue dye

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9 The diagram shows a cross-section through a plant root.

Q shows the part that is stained red when the root is placed in water containing a red dye.

What is found at Q?

A guard cells
B palisade cells
C phloem
D xylem

10 Which processes produce a continuous space for the flow of water in xylem vessels?

11 Some liquid is collected from the xylem in the stem of a plant.

What is present in the liquid?

A cellulose
B inorganic ions
C starch
D sugar

12 What is a function of phloem?

A translocation
B transpiration
C storage of food
D support 18
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13 The diagram shows part of the trunk of a small tree with a ring of bark removed. Removing the
ring of bark takes away phloem but leaves the xylem intact.

upper
branch

ring of bark xylem

removed here
phloem

lower
branch

What effect will removing the bark have on the two branches?

14 The table shows some characteristics of four different plants.

The plants are growing in the same environmental conditions.

Which plant will have the highest rate of transpiration?

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15 A decrease in which factor normally causes transpiration rate to increase?

A humidity
B light intensity
C stomatal opening
D temperature

16 What is the path of water through a plant?

A cortex cells → xylem → stomata → roots

B root hair → xylem → mesophyll cells → stomata

C roots → cortex cells → stomata → phloem

D roots → root hair → stomata → xylem

17 In which order does water pass through these tissues in a plant?

A mesophyll → xylem → root cortex

B root cortex → mesophyll → xylem

C root cortex → xylem → mesophyll

D xylem → mesophyll → root cortex

18 The diagram shows two shoots at the start of an experiment on transpiration.

shoot X shoot Y

spring balance

30 g 30 g

oil

water

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What are the likely readings on the spring balances after three days?

shoot X shoot Y

A 30 g 30 g
B 30 g 25 g
C 25 g 30 g
D 25 g 25 g

19 Which statements about plant transpiration are correct?

plants transpire most when plants transpire least when

A air is dry temperature is high

B light intensity is high air is humid
C light intensity is low temperature is low
D temperature is cold light intensity is high

20 The table shows the rate of water flow through a tree over a 12 hour period.

What conclusion can be drawn from the table?

A Between 7:00 and 17:00 hours the rate of flow continuously increases.
B The greatest increase in rate of flow in a two-hour period is between 11:00 and 13:00 hours.
C Water does not flow up through a tree at night.
D Water flow is affected by humidity.

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21 Which words correctly complete the following sentence?

‘Transpiration is the ……1…… of water at the surface of the ……2…… cells followed by the
……3…… of water vapour from the plant ……4…… .’

22 What could increase the rate of water uptake by a shoot?

A covering the shoot with a black plastic bag

B covering the shoot with a clear plastic bag
C removing the leaves from the shoot
D shining a bright light onto the shoot

23 The diagram shows how water is lost from a leaf.

water vapour

By which process is the water lost?

A osmosis
B photosynthesis
C translocation
D transpiration

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24 The diagram shows a cross-section through a plant stem.

Q shows the part that is stained red when the stem is placed in water containing a red dye.

What is found at Q?

A guard cells
B palisade cells
C phloem
D xylem

25 The graph shows how the rate of transpiration is affected by X.

rate of
transpiration

What is X?

A humidity
B light intensity
C soil moisture
D temperature

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26 In what form does a plant absorb and lose water?

27 In which order does water pass through these structures in a plant?

A mesophyll → root hair → xylem

B mesophyll → xylem → root hair

C root hair → mesophyll → xylem

D root hair → xylem → mesophyll

28 Which two substances are transported in the phloem?

A amino acids and protein

B amino acids and sucrose
C protein and starch
D starch and sucrose

29 What is a description of transpiration?

A exchange of gases between the leaf and the atmosphere

B loss of water vapour from the leaves and stems of a plant
C movement of water from the roots to the leaves
D movement of water through the cells of the leaf

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30 The diagram shows the stem of a plant. A strip of the outer tissue including the phloem has been
removed.

xylem

phloem

How is transport in the plant affected?

A Amino acids and sucrose cannot pass to the roots.

B Dissolved salts cannot pass to the leaves.
C Water cannot pass to the leaves.
D Water cannot pass to the roots.

31 The diagram shows a plant.

What is the pathway taken by most of the water absorbed by this plant?

A X→Y→Z

B W→Y→Z

C Z→Y→X

D Z→Y→W

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32 The diagrams show stages in the passage of water through a plant.

The circles are the starting points for arrows to show the direction in which the water moves.

Which circle must have an arrow pointing downwards only?

33 Translocation occurs in phloem tubes. Aphids feed on the contents of phloem tubes.

What type of food would be lacking in their diet?

A amino acid
B fat
C sucrose
D water

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34 Which two functions does xylem perform?

absorption conduction contraction support

A     key
B     = performs
C     = does not perform
D    

35 The diagram shows cells from a storage organ of a flowering plant after they have been stained
with iodine solution.

Structures X stain black.

What does this show that structures X contain?

A chlorophyll
B fat
C starch
D sugar

36 What shows the correct translocation of carbohydrate in a potato plant that is growing in bright
sunlight?

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37 Which conditions of humidity, light intensity and temperature make transpiration slowest?

38 The diagram shows how the appearance of a potted plant changes over a period of four days.

Which environmental conditions are most likely to cause this change?

39 The table shows four substances and the parts of the plant to which they are transported.

substance part of plant

1 amino acids flower buds

2 carbon dioxide leaf cells
3 sucrose root cells
4 water stomata

Which are examples of translocation?

A 1 an
a B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4

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1 B

2 A

3 B

4 A

5 C

6 D

7 A

8 A

9 D

10 A

11 B

12 A

13 C

14 C

15 A

16 B

17 C

18 C

19 B

20 B

21 C

22 D

23 D

24 D

25 C

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 Worksheet B6.01

The pathway of water movement through a plant

The diagram shows an outline of part of a plant.

1 On the diagram, label the position of each of the following tissues and cells:

mesophyll cells root cortex cells root hair stomata xylem

2 Write a number next to each part that you have labelled, to show the
sequence in which water passes through them.

3 Use a blue pen to circle each part you have labelled, in which the water
travels as a liquid.

4 Use a red pen to circle each part you have labelled, in which the water travels
as a gas.

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© Cambridge University Press 2017
 Worksheet B6.02

The mechanism of water movement through a plant

Use the words and phrases in the list to complete the paragraphs below. You
may use each word or phrase once, more than once or not at all.

active transport adhesion cohesion cuticle

oxygen concentration mass flow membranes mesophyll
transpiration pull transpiration reduces stomata
water potential gradient walls osmosis
xylem vessels perspiration

Water moves up through a plant as the result of ................................................., which is

the loss of water vapour through the ................................................. in the leaves. This

produces a tension, called ................................................. , which pulls columns of water

up through the ...................................... .

As water vapour is lost from the leaves, this reduces the .................................................

inside the air spaces in the leaf ................................................. layers. This causes water

to evaporate from the cell ................................................. of the mesophyll cells. This

................................................. the water potential inside the mesophyll cells, producing

a water potential ................................................. from the xylem vessels in the leaf into

the cells. Water therefore moves out of the xylem vessels, into the mesophyll

cells. It moves into these cells by ................................................. .

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© Cambridge University Press 2017
 This removal of water from the upper parts of the xylem vessels causes the

water potential at their tops to be lower than the water potential at their bases.

Water is therefore drawn up through the xylem vessels in a continuous column.

It moves by ................................................. .

The column remains continuous because water molecules are attracted to each

other by ................................................ , and to the walls of the xylem vessels by

................................................ .

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© Cambridge University Press 2017