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Mathematics Quarter 2-Module 4 Proving Theorems Related To Chords, Arcs, Central Angles, and Inscribed Angles

The document discusses theorems related to angles, arcs, chords, and circles. It provides definitions of congruent circles and arcs. It then lists 5 theorems: 1) Congruent central angles intercept congruent arcs, 2) Congruent chords intercept congruent arcs, 3) A diameter perpendicular to a chord bisects the chord and intercepted arc, 4) Inscribed angles intercepting the same arc are congruent, and 5) An inscribed angle intercepting a semicircle is a right angle. The problem asks for the viewing angles of Samantha and Yanna given Luna's is 42°. The answer is that their viewing angles are also 42° since the inscribed angles intercept the same arc

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351 views

Mathematics Quarter 2-Module 4 Proving Theorems Related To Chords, Arcs, Central Angles, and Inscribed Angles

The document discusses theorems related to angles, arcs, chords, and circles. It provides definitions of congruent circles and arcs. It then lists 5 theorems: 1) Congruent central angles intercept congruent arcs, 2) Congruent chords intercept congruent arcs, 3) A diameter perpendicular to a chord bisects the chord and intercepted arc, 4) Inscribed angles intercepting the same arc are congruent, and 5) An inscribed angle intercepting a semicircle is a right angle. The problem asks for the viewing angles of Samantha and Yanna given Luna's is 42°. The answer is that their viewing angles are also 42° since the inscribed angles intercept the same arc

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Jassy
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ireiah Largo

10-STE

OUTPUT PERFORMANCE TASK

MATHEMATICS

QUARTER 2-MODULE 4

PROVING THEOREMS RELATED TO CHORDS, ARCS, CENTRAL ANGLES,


AND INSCRIBED ANGLES
The chairs of a movie house are arranged consecutively like an arc of a circle.
Samantha, Luna, and Yanna entered the movie house but seated away from each
other as shown below.

Let E and G be the ends of the screen and F be one of the seats. The angle formed
by E,F and G or ∠EFG is called the viewing angle of the person seated at F.
Suppose the viewing angle of Luna in the above figure measure 42°. What are the
measures of the viewing angles of Samantha and Yanna?

In this situation, theorems regarding arcs, angles, and chords of a circle will a
great help in finding the solution and answer.

CONCEPT OF CONGRUENT CIRCLES AND CONGRUENT ARCS:

 Congruent circles are circles with congruent radii.


´ is congruent to PB
-In the figure below, OA ´ . OA
´ and PB´ are the radii of a
circle O and P, respectively. The two circles are said to be congruent.

 Congruent arcs are arcs of the same circle or of congruent circles with equal
measures.
- If arc RC measures 60° and arc KH also measure 60°, therefore they are
congruent.

THEOREMS:

 THEOREM 1
-In a circle or in a congruent circles, two minor arcs are congruent if and
only if their corresponding central angles are congruent.
Based on the figures below, the central angles intercepting arc AB, arc
DC, and arc JK measures 45°. Therefore;
arc AB=45°, arc DC=45°, arc JK=45°
arc AB ≅ arc DC ≅ arc JK
 THEOREM 2
-In a circle or in congruent circles, two minor arcs are congruent if and only
if their corresponding chords are congruent.
In the figure below, chord AB ≅ chord CH ≅ chord EO
therefore, arc AB ≅ arc CH ≅ arc EO.

The proof of this theorem makes use of the concept of congruent


triangles. ∆ATB, ∆CTH, and ∆ENO are congruent triangles by SSS
Congruence Postulate making ∠ATB, ∠CTH, and ∠ENO also congruent.
∠ATB, ∠CTH, and ∠ENO intercept arc AB, arc CH, and arc EO,
respectively. Using the relation between central angle and intercepted
arc, arc AB ≅ arc CH ≅ arc EO.
 THEOREM 3
-In a circle, a diameter bisects a chord and an arc with the same
endpoints if and only if it is perpendicular to the chord.
The figure below shows ÉS is a diameter of circle U. Since it is
perpendicular to chord GN, based on the theorem ÉS bisects chord GN
and arc GEN which means;
GI ≅ NI and arc GE ≅ arc NE.

If we want to prove this theorem, we will make use again of the


concept of congruent triangles. ∆GUI is congruent to ∆NUI by
Hypotenuse Congruence Theorem.
∠GUI and ∠GUE are the same angle just like ∠NUI and ∠NUE are also
the same angle. ∠GUE ≅ ∠NUE, by theorem 1 arc GE ≅ arc NE.
 THEOREM 4
-If two inscribed angles of a circle (or congruent circles) intercept congruent
arcs or the same arc, then the angles are congruent.
In circle T, ∠IPL and ∠IOL are inscribed angles intercepting arc IL.
Since they are intercepting the same arc, their measures are the same,
making them congruent.
In circle D, ∠SIM and ∠PLE are also inscribed angles. Given that arc
SM is congruent to arc EP, then ∠SIM ≅ ∠PLE.

 THEOREM 5
-If an inscribed angle of a circle intercepts a semicircle, then the angle is a
right angle.
In circle P below, inscribe angle FGE intercepts arc FHG which is
semicircle. The measure of semicircle is 180°, while the measure of
inscribed angle is half of the measure of its intercepted arc. Therefore,
∠NTE measure 90° and is a right angle.
In the problem earlier,

The chairs of a movie house are arranged consecutively like an arc of a circle.
Samantha, Luna, and Yanna entered the movie house but seated away from each
other as shown below.

Let E and G be the ends of the screen and F be one of the seats. The angle formed
by E,F and G or ∠EFG is called the viewing angle of the person seated at F.
Suppose the viewing angle of Luna in the above figure measure 42°. What are the
measures of the viewing angles of Samantha and Yanna?
The answer is:

Samantha and Yanna have viewing angle of 42 °also same as Luna. If you draw
a circle containing their seats and the edge of the screen, the viewing angles of
Samantha, Luna, and Yanna are inscribed angles intercepting the same arc,
therefore they are congruent. It stated in Theorem 4, “If two inscribed angles of
a circle (or congruent circles) intercept congruent arcs or the same arc, then the
angles are congruent.

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