Amplitude vs. Frequency Modulation

Amplitude vs.
Frequency Modulation
The process of changing parameters of carrier signals, by the instantaneous value of
the modulating signal.
Modulation is important because baseband signals can’t be directly transmitted to the
receiver. To travel long distances, the strength of these signals is improved and it doesn’t
affect the parameters or modulating data. A Carrier wave is used to modulate the data.
Types of Modulation:
There are two different types of Modulation these are:
o Amplitude Modulation
o Frequency Modulation
These both are different according to their working. Their differences are explained
below.
Amplitude Modulation:
If the amplitude of the carrier wave is changed by the change in amplitude of the
information signal, such a technique is called amplitude Modulation. The amplitude of
the information signal is directly related to the signal of the carrier wave. When the
amplitude of the information signal increases, the amplitude of the carrier wave also
increases. But frequency always remains constant in amplitude Modulation.
In the above diagram, we can see that there are two waves of the carrier wave and
information wave (Modulation signal). The amplitude and frequency of the carrier wave
remain constant in the initial. When the information wave is placed on a carrier wave, the
amplitude of the carrier wave becomes changed. The wave becomes larger and smaller at
some points. It means the wave becomes modulated. Afterward, when the sender sends
the data to the receiver, on the receiver side there is a device called Demodulator that
again changes modulated signals into information signals. As shown in the figure below.
Advantages of Amplitude Modulation:

 Amplitude Modulation is useful for long-distance communication. It can transmit
data in very far places.
 It can easily implement.
 For demodulation, only a few components and circuits are required.
Disadvantages of Amplitude Modulation:

 It has poor sound quality. When we transmit through AM, the noise is added into
the signals and it may change the amplitude of the wave.
 When AM comes to power, it is not efficient.
Frequency Modulation:
If the frequency of the carrier wave is changed by the change in the frequency of
the information signal, such a technique is called frequency Modulation. In the case of
frequency modulation, the amplitude of the wave remains the same only frequency
changes.
In the above diagram, there is an information wave and a carrier wave. The carrier
wave remains constant in the initial. It means amplitude and frequency of carrier wave
does not vary. When the information signal is placed on the carrier wave, the frequency
of the carrier wave changes. And the wave becomes scattered and contract at some
points. It is the frequency Modulation. The amplitude of frequency Modulation remains
constant always.
Afterward, when the sender sends the data to the receiver, on the receiver side there is
a device called Demodulator that again changes modulated signals into information
signals. In other words, the carrier wave becomes constant and information is collected to
the receiver.
Advantages of frequency Modulation:
 Its amplitude remains the same so there is no noise problem to change signal
quality.
 It is power efficient than amplitude Modulation.
Disadvantages of Frequency Modulation:
 It is suitable only for small distances.
 The antennas for FM systems should be kept close for better communication.
Synchronous vs. Asynchronous data transfer

Synchronous data transfer:
The term synchronous is used when a continuous and consistent timed transfer of
data occurred. The full-duplex mode transmission occurs in this type of data transfer.
Sender and receiver must be synchronized with each other. The data is sent in the form of
packets spaced by fixed time intervals. There is no gap between the data.
In the diagram, we can see that there is no gap between the packets of data, and data
is sent without any delay or loss. Data is continuously transmitted to the receiver.
Synchronous transmission is better for real-time communication. TV channels,
video conferencing, telephonic conversation are common examples of synchronous
transmission. The voice band and broadband signals are normally used in this type of
transmission providing a speed of 1200 bits per second (bps) that’s why it is faster.
Advantages of synchronous transmission:

 It is faster and transfers a large amount of data than asynchronous transmission.
 In synchronous transmission, the time intervals remain constant.
 Transmission lines are efficiently used in synchronous transmission.
Disadvantages of synchronous transmission:

 Synchronous transmission is costly.
 The major disadvantage of synchronous transmission is that both (sender and
receiver) have to operate on the same frequency.
Asynchronous transmission:
The type of transmission in which data is sent in units of characters. Using character
synchronization signals in the form of bits. This transmission uses a half-duplex
technique. The transmitter and reliever have an independent clock and they do not need
to synchronize signals on the other side. It does not require a clock for synchronization;
rather it uses the parity bits to tell the receiver how to interpret the data. parity bits are the
start/stop bits shown in the diagram.
Advantages of Asynchronous transmission:
 It has low timing requirements then synchronous transmission.
 It is economical for data transmission.
Disadvantages of Asynchronous transmission:

 It has not constant time intervals,
 it is not more effective as compared to synchronous transmission.

Amplitude vs. Frequency Modulation

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Amplitude vs. Frequency Modulation

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Amplitude vs.

Advantages of Amplitude Modulation:

Disadvantages of Amplitude Modulation:

Synchronous vs. Asynchronous data transfer

Advantages of synchronous transmission:

Disadvantages of synchronous transmission:

Disadvantages of Asynchronous transmission:

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