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塗装グロス値の計測方法

Gloss is a visual impression resulting from the reflection of light off a surface. Surfaces that reflect light directly, like smooth surfaces, appear glossier than surfaces that scatter light diffusely, like rough surfaces. Gloss is measured quantitatively using a glossmeter, which measures the intensity of light reflected within a narrow range of angles. Standardized measurement angles of 20, 60, and 85 degrees are used to measure high, semi, and low gloss surfaces respectively. Gloss measurement values provide an objective measure of a surface's visual appearance and glossiness.

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47 views

塗装グロス値の計測方法

Gloss is a visual impression resulting from the reflection of light off a surface. Surfaces that reflect light directly, like smooth surfaces, appear glossier than surfaces that scatter light diffusely, like rough surfaces. Gloss is measured quantitatively using a glossmeter, which measures the intensity of light reflected within a narrow range of angles. Standardized measurement angles of 20, 60, and 85 degrees are used to measure high, semi, and low gloss surfaces respectively. Gloss measurement values provide an objective measure of a surface's visual appearance and glossiness.

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AJ
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction

Gloss Measurement
Gloss is a visual impression resulting from surface evaluation. The

Appearance
more direct light is reflected, the more obvious the impression of
gloss will be.

Gloss

Gloss
High Gloss
Smooth and highly polished surfaces reflect images distinctly. The
incident light is directly reflected on the surface, i.e. only in the
main direction of reflection. The angle of incidence is equal to the
angle of reflection.

Color
α α

Matte to Semi Gloss

Physical Properties
On rough surfaces the light is diffusely scattered in all directions.
The image forming qualities are diminished: A reflected object no
longer appears brilliant, but blurred. The more uniform the light is
scattered, the less intense the reflection in the main direction and
the surface will appear duller.

Technical Service

Glossmeter
A glossmeter measures the specular reflection. The light intensity
is registered over a small range of the reflection angle.

Detector

Measurement of specular reflection


Index

BYK-Gardner GmbH • Lausitzer Strasse 8 • 82538 Geretsried • Germany • Tel +49 8171 3493-0 • Fax +49 8171 3493-140 15
The intensity is dependent on the material and the angle of Glossmeters and their handling procedures had to be internation-
illumination. In case of non-metals (coatings, plastics) the amount ally specified to allow comparison of measurement values. The
of reflected light increases with the increase of the illumination angle of illumination is of high influence. In order to obtain a
angle. The remaining illuminated light penetrates the material clear differentiation over the complete measurement range from
and is absorbed or diffusely scattered dependent on the color. high gloss to matte, 3 different geometries, i.e. 3 different ranges,
Metals have a much higher reflection and are less angle depen- were defined:
dent than non metals.
Gloss Range 60° value To be measured with
Example:
Semi Gloss 10 to 70 60° geometry
100% 10%
High Gloss >70 20° geometry
100% 85%
Low Gloss < 10 85° geometry

In addition, there are industry specific applications for 45° and 75°
measurement geometry.

Non metal Metal


Low Gloss Semi Gloss High Gloss
The measurement results of a glossmeter are related to the 100

amount of reflected light from a black glass standard with a de- 90

fined refractive index, and not to the amount of incident light. 80


The measurement value for this defined standard is equal to 100 70
gloss units (calibration). Materials with a higher refractive index 60
can have a measurement value above 100 gloss units (GU), e.g. 20°
50
60°
films. In case of transparent materials, the measurement value 40 85°
can be increased due to multiple reflection in the bulk of the
30
material. Due to the high reflection capabilities of metals, values
20
of up to 2000 GU can be reached. For these applications it is
10
common to document the measurement results in % reflection
of the illuminated light. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

In this case study 13 samples were visually ranked from matte to


high gloss and measured with the 3 specified geometries. In the
steep slopes of the curves, the differences between the samples
can be clearly measured, while in the flat part, the measurement
20° geometry no longer correlates with the visual.

Gloss measurement for any application – whether you are dealing


60° with specific applications or need a universal solution for matte to
high gloss samples, BYK-Gardner offers a complete line of gloss-
85° meters:
■ Reference laboratory instrument – haze-gloss
■ Portable micro-gloss family
Their unique features and benefits have made them the industry
standard for gloss measurement.

20° 60° 85° 45° 75°


Application Coatings, plastic and related materials Ceramic, FIlm Paper, Vinyl
High Gloss Semi Gloss Low Gloss Semi Gloss Low Gloss
DIN EN ISO 2813 ■ ■ ■
ASTM D 523 ■ ■ ■
ASTM D 2457 ■ ■ ■ ■
DIN 67530 ■ ■ ■
JIS Z 8741 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
ASTM C 346 ■
Tappi T 480 ■
Brightened Metal
EN ISO 7668 ■ ■ ■ ■

16 BYK-Gardner GmbH • Lausitzer Strasse 8 • 82538 Geretsried • Germany • Tel +49 8171 3493-0 • Fax +49 8171 3493-140

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