Practice Set Worksheet

NOW I KNOW | A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO READING

Cause and Effect
Name : Reynaldo D. Sabandal Jr. Date & Time : _____________
Program : UGE 1 -2686 Score : _____________

Activity 2.1
Read the paragraph carefully. Identify the six different sets of cause and effect included in the paragraph.
Write your answers below.

Ed became a mechanic largely because of his father. His father was always in the garage working on
one car or another, so young Ed would spend hours watching his father work. As a result, he became
fascinated by cars at an early age. His father encouraged him to learn about cars on his own, so Ed began
tinkering with cars himself at age eight. Consequently, by the time he was 13, Ed could tear an engine
apart and put it back together by himself. Since he was already so skilled, when he was 15, he got a job
as the chief mechanic at a local repair shop. He has been there ever since.

Cause 1: Ed’s father was always in the garage.

Effect 1: Ed would spend hours watching.

Cause 2: Ed would spend hours watching.

Effect 2: Ed became fascinated by cars.

Cause 3: Ed became fascinated by cars.

Effect 3: Ed began tinkering with cars.

Cause 4: Ed began tinkering with cars.

Effect 4: Ed’s father encouraged him.

Cause 5: Ed’s father encouraged him.

Effect 5: Ed could tear an engine apart by himself.

Cause 6: Ed could tear an engine apart by himself.

Effect 6: He got a job as the chief mechanic.

Activity 2.2

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 Practice Set Worksheet
NOW I KNOW | A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO READING
Cause and Effect
Name : Reynaldo D. Sabandal Jr. Date & Time : _____________
Program : UGE 1 -2686 Score : _____________

The paragraph below states one cause but has several effects. According to the passage, what were the
effects of the new marketing campaign?

Our new marketing campaign has been a tremendous success. Since we have been advertising on the
radio, sales have increased by 35%. Our client references have doubled, and we’ve had greater client
retention rates. Furthermore, we’ve been able to hire five new sales representatives and expand our
territory to include the Visayas region.

The effects:

1. Sales have increased 35%.

2. Client references have doubled.

3. Client retention rates have increased.

4. Five new sales representatives have been hired.

5. Territory has been expanded to include the Southwest.

Activity 2.3
You are presented here two paragraphs with opposing views/opinions about wearing mandatory uniforms.
At the end of each paragraph, write the effects based on the position the author takes.

Paragraph A

Mandatory school uniforms are a bad decision for our school. If students are required to wear a
uniform, it will greatly inhibit their ability to express themselves. This is a problem because dress is one
of the major ways that young people express themselves. A school uniform policy also directly violates
the freedom of expression that all citizens are supposed to enjoy. Consequently, young people will doubt
that their basic rights are protected, and this will affect their larger outlook on civil liberties.
Furthermore, school uniforms will interfere with the wearing of certain articles of religious clothing,
which will create tensions among certain religious groups that can lead to feelings of discrimination. In
addition, school uniforms will place an undue financial burden on many low-income families who may
not have the money to spend on new uniforms every year, especially if they have several children.
Finally, school uniforms will negate one of the most important concepts we can teach our children---
individuality. When push comes to shove, we’d all be better off choosing individuality over uniformity.
Mandatory school uniforms are a step in the wrong direction.

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 Practice Set Worksheet
NOW I KNOW | A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO READING
Cause and Effect
Name : Reynaldo D. Sabandal Jr. Date & Time : _____________
Program : UGE 1 -2686 Score : _____________

What effects does the author of paragraph A think mandatory uniforms would have?

1. School uniforms will interfere with the wearing of certain articles of religious clothing, which
will create tensions among certain religious groups that can lead to feelings of discrimination.

2. If students are required to wear a uniform, it will greatly inhibit their ability to express
themselves.

3. Young people will doubt that their basic rights are protected, and this will affect their larger
outlook on civil liberties

4. A school uniform policy also directly violates the freedom of expression that all citizens are
supposed to enjoy.

5. School uniforms will place an undue financial burden on many low-income families who may
not have the money to spend on new uniforms every year, especially if they have several
children.

6. School uniforms will negate one of the most important concepts we can teach our children---
individuality.

Paragraph B

Mandatory school uniforms will have a tremendously positive impact on our school. If students are
required to wear a uniform, it will greatly inhibit gang behavior since they will no longer be able to wear
gang colors. As a result, schools will experience an overall decrease in school violence and theft. Since
violence is one of the major concerns that parents, teachers, and students raise about our district, this
change will be welcomed with open arms. In addition, school uniforms will instill a much-needed sense
of discipline in our student body, and discipline is something that is, unfortunately, in short supply in
many schools. Also, students dressed in uniforms will feel a strong sense of community with their peers,
which will lead to a more harmonious school environment. Finally, if students wear school uniforms,
administrators and teachers would no longer have to be clothing police thus freeing them to focus on
more important issues than whether someone is wearing a dress that is too short or a t-shirt with an
inappropriate message. You can make our schools a better place by supporting mandatory school uniform.

What effects does the author of paragraph B think mandatory uniforms would have?

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 Practice Set Worksheet
NOW I KNOW | A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO READING
Cause and Effect
Name : Reynaldo D. Sabandal Jr. Date & Time : _____________
Program : UGE 1 -2686 Score : _____________

1. It will greatly inhibit gang behavior since they will no longer be able to wear gang colors.

2. Schools will experience an overall decrease in school violence and theft.

3. School uniforms will instill a much-needed sense of discipline in our student body, and
discipline is something that is, unfortunately, in short supply in many schools.

4. Students dressed in uniforms will feel a strong sense of community with their peers, which will
lead to a more harmonious school environment.

5. If students wear school uniforms, administrators and teachers would no longer have to be
clothing police thus freeing them to focus on more important issues than whether someone is
wearing a dress that is too short or a t-shirt with an inappropriate message.

Activity 2.4
Directions: Read each sentence below. Write what you think might be the cause on the first line. 1.
1. Cause: Jane was running towards the stairs.

Effect: Jane fell down the stairs.

2. Cause: The family car was damaged.

Effect: The family bought a new car.

3. Cause: Mitch was playing with the cat.

Effect: The cat scratched Mitch.

4. Cause: The electricity cable was torn out.

Effect: The lights went out.

5. Cause: The train made several stops.

Effect: The train arrived late.

6. Cause: Josh studied very hard for his spelling words.

Effect: Josh won the spelling bee.

7. Cause: Youssef was rocking his chair.

Effect: The chair fell over.

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 Practice Set Worksheet
NOW I KNOW | A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO READING
Cause and Effect
Name : Reynaldo D. Sabandal Jr. Date & Time : _____________
Program : UGE 1 -2686 Score : _____________

8. Cause: Her Mom said a very funny joke.

Effect: Clara laughed out loud.

9. Cause: Jane studied hard and do all the best for her studies.

Effect: Jane received an academic excellence award.

10. Cause: Peter wake up late and will be late for his class.

Effect: Peter ran as fast as he can.

Performance Task 1 (25-30 minutes)

Directions: Read the essay carefully and then draw a graphic organizer showing cause and effect
relationship of the selection below. Please be guided by the rubric provided.

The Causes and Effects of Poverty

Poverty is an exceptionally complicated social phenomenon and trying to discover its causes is
equally complicated. The most simplistic explanation persists—that the poor cause their own poverty—
based on the
idea that the “American Dream”, or the ability to make anything of one’s self despite even the most
precarious circumstances, is equally real and possible for every resident.
Of this group of theorists, there are subsets that feel that the disconnect between the individuals and
their ability to thrive has to do with a defeatist attitude (feeling nothing can be done to improve their
economic situation), a lack of motivation or a blatant disregard for the future.
Like all stereotypes, blaming the poor for their own poverty does not apply in all cases. Many
impoverished Americans are able and willing to work but are kept below the poverty line with
unreasonable wages while their lack of education keeps them from being promoted above their current
earning bracket. Additionally, some would rather receive a welfare check than work in a job where
conditions are unfair or demeaning
One of the more balanced theories on the causes of poverty is that it has to do with suburbanization.
The movement of residents from urban centers to the suburbs has dire consequences for the number of jobs
that remain in the urban center, even if those suburbanites return there daily to go to work.
Poverty has serious effects for all of the society but they are felt most profoundly by children who
are raised amongst it. Not only does poverty have an effect on a child’s health—low birth weights, mental

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 Practice Set Worksheet
NOW I KNOW | A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO READING
Cause and Effect
Name : Reynaldo D. Sabandal Jr. Date & Time : _____________
Program : UGE 1 -2686 Score : _____________

and physical disabilities from lack of nutrition in the womb, etc.—but on their ability to thrive
independently in the world.
The children of poverty are more likely to miss school and eventually drop out altogether to start
work or due to lack of interest. They also carry much more stress than their middle-class peers. That stress
may be compacted with the inclusion of other family stresses prevalent in poverty-stricken families. These
can include violence, drug and alcohol abuse, depression, job loss, eviction, the incarceration of one or more
of the guardians, and even witnessing death.
Total homelessness—extreme poverty—often leads to death due to improper nutrition, lack of
immunization or medicine, or complications with addiction. Homeless women, in particular, are at a high
risk of miscarriages and infant mortality when homelessness keeps them from accessing adequate prenatal
care.

Student’s Output:

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 Practice Set Worksheet
NOW I KNOW | A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO READING
Cause and Effect
Name : Reynaldo D. Sabandal Jr. Date & Time : _____________
Program : UGE 1 -2686 Score : _____________

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