Estimate
Estimate
Estimate
SUBJECT REQUIREMENT
QUIZZES: 30%
SEATWORK/ATTENDANCE/CLASS PARTICIPATION: 10%
PROJECT: 20%
MAJOR EXAM: 40%
PASSING PERCENTAGE: 60%
ENGINEERING ESTIMATE
GENERAL CALCULATION OF SIZE,
QUANTITY,VALUE
REQUIREMENTS,ETC. ,AN APPROXIMATE
COMPUTATION OF THE PROBABLE COST
OF A PIECE OF WORK MADE OR TO BE
DONE BY PERSON
“FOR EXAMPLE, WHO OF YOU
TO BUILD A TOWER DOES NOT FIRST
WANTING
DOWN
SIT AND CALCULATE THE EXPENSE
SEE
TO IF HE HAS ENOUGH TO
IT?”
COMPLETE
-LUK14:28
E
COST ENGINEERING
• IS PART OF DETAILED ENGINEERING ACTIVITIES:
COMPRISES
CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS ASSESMENT
CALCULATION OF BILL OF QUANTITIES,
BOQ
COST ANALYSIS COMPUTATION
PREPARATION OF CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE AND
CASH FLOW
TYPES OF
ESTIMATE
• CONCEPTUAL • BID
ESTIMATE ESTIMATE
BY AREA METHOD OR ASSEMBLYCONTRACTOR PREPARES HIS ESTIMATE
METHOD FOR
• PRELIMINARY BIDDING
COMPETITION
ESTIMATE
PRELIMINARY DESIGN(40% OF • CONSTRUCTION
COMPLETE
DETAILED ESTIMATE
AS CONSTRUCTION WORK
DESIGN
• DESIGNER
•
PROGRESS
APRAISAL
ESTIMATE
BASED ON FINAL ESTIMATE
ESTIMATING THE FAIR VALUE OR WORTH
DESIGN OF A
PROPERTY AT SPECIFIED
DATE.
C1
IMPORTANCE OF ENGINEERING ESTIMATE
THE SUCCESS OF A PROJECT GREATLY DEPENDS ON THE COMPLETENES AND
REALIABITY OF PREPARED ESTIMATE
• EFFECTIVE ESTIMATE
ADJUSTMENT SHALL BE MADE IN THE ESTIMATED
QUANTITIES AND UNIT COSTS TO INCLUDE ALLOWANCES
FOR THE WASTES AND PRICE FLUCTUATIONS WHICH MAKE
THE ESTIMATE EFFECTIVE DURING THE CONSTRUCTION.
PRINCIPLES OF ENGINEERING
ESTIMATE
•ENGINEERING ESTIMATE
DOCUMENTATION
MUST BE PROPERLY SUBSTANTIATED AND DOCUMENTED BY
STANDARD
ANALYTICAL COMPUTATIONS. IT SHOULD BE MADE WELL
ORGANIZED TO
PROVIDE EASY CORRECTION, AND
VERIFICATION, EXAMINATION.
REQUIREMENTS IN ESTIMATING BILL OF
QUANTITIES
• “MASONRY MORTAR FOR SETTING( LAYING AND FILLING) CHB BLOCKS SHALL BE IN THE
PROPORTION
ONE CEMENT OF
MORTAR TO THREE PARTS SAND. MORTARS SHALL BE MIXED WITH POTABLE
WATER USING
ONE-BAGGER
MIXER.”
WAGE SCHEDULE
EXAMPL
E:
SAND: CLEAN, WASHED, SHARP, DURABLE NATURAL PARTICLES, FREE
FROM
SOLUBLE SALTS OR ORGANIC IMPURITIES. SAND FOR GROUTING SHALL
BE
SCREENED TO PASS A 30 MESH SIEVE WITH NOT MORE THAN 5% PASSING
A 100 MESH SCREEN.
DESIGN SPECIFICATION
• IT IS THE OBLIGATION OF THE CONTRACTOR TO FOLLOW
THE
INSTRUCTIONS AS STIPULATED IN THE SPECIFICATIONS.
• DIVISION 3 : CONCRETE
• DIVISION 4 : MASONRY
• DIVISION 5 : METAL
S
• DIVISION 6 : WOOD AND PLASTICS
• DIVISION 9 : FINISHES
• DIVISION 11 : EQUIPMENT
• DIVISION 12 : FURNISHING
• DIVISION 15 : MECHANICAL
• DIVISION 16 : ELECTRICA
L
CSI
•
SPECIFICATION
DIVISION 0 : BUILDING AND CONTRACT
FORMAT
REQUIREMENTS
• CONTAINS BIDDING REQUIREMENTS AND CONTRACT
DOCUMENTS.
• DIVISION 1 : GENERAL
REQUIREMENTS
• COVERS THE NON- TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS SUCH AS INFORMATION ABOUT TEMPORARY
FACILITIES,
ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS AND TEMPORARY
UTILITIES.
• DIVISION 2 : SITE
WORKS
• CONTAINS CLEARING, GRUBBING, DEMOLITION, EARTHWORKS- EXCAVATION, BACKFILL,
BARROW
DISPOSALFILL,
.
• DIVISION 3 :
CONCRETE
• INCLUDES CONCRETE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH, PROPORTIONS, SLUMP; REINFORCING BARS YIELD
STRESS,
ADMIXTURE
S.
• DIVISION 4 :
MASONRY
• INVOLVES MASONRY UNITS, MORTAR MIXTURE, STEEL BARS, TILES SETTING, SIZES AND
ADHESIVE,
WORKS, STONE
PLASTERING.
CSI SPECIFICATION FORMAT
• DIVISION 5 :
METALS
•
SPECIFIES TYPES OF METALS AND YIELD STRESS, METHOD OF CONNECTIONS, BOLTS,
WELDS,
RIVETS, BASE
PAINTING.
• DIVISION 6 : WOOD AND PLASTICS
• STATE THE CLASS OF WOOD AND STRENGTH, MOISTURE CONTENT, FASTENERS,
TREATMENT.
• DIVISION 7 : THERMAL AND MOISTURE
PROTECTION
•ENTAILS WATER PROOFING, INSULATION OR HEAT A BARRIERS, FIREPLACE,
CHIMNEY,FANS,
EXHAUST
ETC.
• DIVISION 8 : DOORS AND WINDOWS
• STIPULATES THE TYPE AND MATERIALS OF DOORS AND WINDOWS, LOCK
SETS.
• DIVISION 9 : FINISHES
• DEALS WITH MATERIAL FINISHES EITHER PAINT OR VARNISH, TEXTURE- SMOOTH, GLOSSY
OR
ROUGH
.
CSI SPECIFICATION FORMAT
• DIVISION 10 : SPECIALTIES
• INCLUDES SPECIALTY WORKS LIKE GLASS AND ALUMINIUM, WOOD AND STEEL
LATTICE,
CONCRETE MOULDINGS, STEEL GRILLS AND HANDRAILS, LANDSCAPING, PEST
CONTROL.
• DIVISION 11 : EQUIPMENT
• INVOLVES THE TYPE, SIZE, CAPACITY OF EQUIPMENT TO BE
USED.
• DIVISION 12 : FURNISHINGS
• CONTAINS BUILT- IN CABINETS, CARPETS, LAVATORY AND INFORMATION
COUNTERS.
• DIVISION 13 : SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION
• COVERS DEEP OR PILE FOUNDATIONS, FOOTINGS ON DIFFICULT SOILS, SLOPE PROTECTION
AND OTHER WORKS WITH UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS.
CSI SPECIFICATION FORMAT
• DIVISION 14 : CONVEYING SYSTEM
• DEALS WITH METHODS OF TRANSPORTING MATERIALS TO THE DESIRED PLACE OR FLOORS
OF THE BUILDING BY USE OF BUCKETS, WHEEL BORROWS, CARNE TOWER, PUMPS, ETC
• DIVISION 15 : MECHANICAL
• INCORPORATES WATER SUPPLY, SANITARY WASTE DISPOSAL SYSTEM, DRAINAGE,
ELAVATORS, ESCALATORS, AIR CONDITIONING, AND PUMPS
• DIVISION 16 : ELECTRICAL
• CONTAINS PANEL BOARDS, WIRES AND CONDUITS, FIXTURES.
TRADE SECTION
BREAKDOWN
• EACH TRADE SECTION WITHIN THE DIVISION SHALL CONTAIN BREAKDOWN
OF ITEMSESTIMATORS, BIDDERS AND FIELD PERSONNEL CAN
SO THAT
REFER TO THE THEY
INFORMATION
NEED.
TRADE SECTION BREAKDOWN
DIVISION 6: WOOD AND PLASTICS
Section numbers section titles
6.01 Fasteners and support anchorages
6.02 Rough carpentry
6.03 Wood treatment
6.04 Finish carpentry
6.05 Architectural woodwork
6.06 Heavy timber construction
6.07 Light structural wood
6.08 Pre- fabricated architectural plastic
MOST PROBABLE
COST
• THE MOST PROBABLE COST OF A PROJECT CONTAINS SEVERAL COST ITEMS
AND
ITEMEACH
MUST BE CALCULATED IN DETAIL TO ENSURE ACCURACY OF
ESTIMATE.
• THE COST ITEMS COMPROMISING THE MOST PROBABLE
COST ARE:
• DIRECT
• COST
INDIRECT
COST
• MARK
UPS.
DIRECT COST
• DIRECT COST OF A PROJECT IS BASED ON THE DRAWINGS
SHOWN IN PLANS AND DESCRIPTIONS IN THE SPECIFICATION.
DIRECT
•
COST
MATERIA
L:•
INVOLVES QUANTITY AND UNIT
PRICE
• LABO
R:• LABOR COST IS MADE UP TO TWO PARTS: BASIC DAILY WAGE AND BENEFITS AND
INSURANCE
• EQUIPMEN
T:• RENTAL
• FEE
THE WAGE FOR THE
OPERATOR
• FUEL, LUBRICANTS AND
MAINTENANCE
INDIRECT
COST
•IS A COST RELATED AND INCIDENTAL TO DIRECT
COST THAT WERE
ESTABLISHED BY EXPERIENCE IN ACTUAL CONSTRUCTION
OF THE PROJECT.
INDIRECT
COST
•OVERHE
AD
•CONTINGEN
CIES
•MISCELLAN
•OUS
MOBILIZATION/DEMOBILI
ZATION.
OVERHEA
D
IS AN INDIRECT COST OR ALLIED EXPENSES INTENDED FOR THE
OPERATION OF THE CONSTRUCTION BUSINESS INCLUDING
ENGINEERING AND ADMINISTRATIVE SUPERVISION.
CONTINGENCIES
• PROFIT
• TAXE
S EWT (2.5- 3 % OF TOTAL DIRECT COST)
•
• EVAT ( 12 % OF TOTAL DIRECT COST)
MARKS UP
• PROFIT
• TAXE
S EWT (2.5- 3 % OF TOTAL DIRECT COST)
•
• EVAT ( 12 % OF TOTAL DIRECT COST)