Comsats University Islamabad, Lahore Campus

COMSATS UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD,LAHORE CAMPUS
MEHROZ KHALID (FA19-CHE-003)
SAHAR KHAN (FA19-CHE-009)
SHAFAQ IMTIAZ (FA19-CHE-019)
MARYAM FATIMA (FA19-CHE-083)
SECTION : A
GROUP E
DEPARTEMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Quiz # 1
COURSE : Engineering materials
SUBMIT TO : DR . JAVED AHMED
1
QUESTION: 1 Define and explain Austenite process?
AUSTENITE PROCESS:
Definition:
At 910oC (1670oF) pure iron transforms into a face centred cubic structure. The inclusion of
carbon in gamma iron is called “Austenite”. A solid solution of carbon and other constituents
in a particular form of iron is known as gamma iron. Austenite is a non-magnetic allotrope of
iron. Gamma iron become unstable at temperature above 1390oC.
Explanation:
Austenitic stainless steel has high amount of iron in them but still they are non-magnetic this
is due to the face centred cubic structure of its atom. Face centred cubic structure have non-
magnetic properties while the ferrite which have body centred cubic structure have magnetic
properties. The austenite’s face centred cubic structure have higher amount of carbon than
any other steel crystal structure. It can absorb 2% carbon.
Austenite is famous for its presence in austenitic stainless steel. It is commonly having high
amount of nickel and exist at room temperature in stainless steels. Austenite is a high
temperature phase of plain steel. Austenite recrystallizes to ferrite 1425oF. Austenitic
stainless steel has amazing corrosion resistance properties. They have high strength and they
also have good properties at high temperatures.
Applications:
1. Austenitic stainless steel is commonly used in screws and nuts.
2. They are widely used in cutlery and cooking wares too.
3. Austenite are also used in industrial equipment because of their corrosion resistance
properties.
4. They are also used in storage tanks and pipe to store corrosive materials.
5. Austenite are also used in transport materials due to their strength.
Question#2. Define the following:
Thermoplastic properties
Thermoplastics are organic materials that melt when heated, thermoplastic are melt
processable.
In other words, they are heated, formed then cooled in their final shape.
 Depending upon their chemistry they can be very much like rubber, or as strong as
aluminum.
 Thermoplastics are light weight with densities of 0.9 to 2 gm/cc.
 Some high thermoplastic materials can withstand temperatures of up to 600 F, while
others retain their properties at 100 F.
 Some Thermoplastic materials do not contain known solvents at room temperature.
 Many thermoplastic materials are excellent insulators, both electric and thermal.
2
 Thermoplastic compounds can be made electrically by means of carbon or steel
fibers.
 Thermoplastics are replaceable with metal due to weight saving, providing proper
care is taken in design properties.
 Thermoplastics have fatigue properties which make it to endure large deflection
without deforming compare to other metals.
The combination of light weight, high strength, and low processing costs often makes
thermoplastics suitable for many systems.
Uses of Cast Iron:

Cast iron is ferrous alloy which than 2% carbon in it. It has hard and brittle nature.
 Cast iron has excellent anti-vibration properties hence it is used to make machine
frames.
 It is used in making pipes, to carry suitable fluids. Advantage of using cast iron pipe,
non-combustible deter building fires from spreading.
 It is used in making different machines
 It has excellent resistance to wear, used in making automotive parts
 It is used in making pots pans and utensils because it has constant mechanical
properties between 20 to 350 degree Celsius.
 It has resistance to deformation, used in making anchor for ship.
3
Non-ferrous metal:
Metal other than iron and its alloys that do not contain appreciable amount of iron(ferrous) are known
as non-ferrous metals. Non-ferrous metals are highly malleable can be change into sheets by
hammered or pressed without breaking.
 Non-ferrous metals used in electronic and electrical application because they are non-
magnetic.
 It is highly corrosion resistant therefore, suitable for corrosive environment such as liquid,
sewage and chemicals pipelines.
Some non-ferrous metals along their composition and uses given below in table:

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COMSATS UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD,LAHORE CAMPUS

MEHROZ KHALID (FA19-CHE-003)

SAHAR KHAN (FA19-CHE-009)

SHAFAQ IMTIAZ (FA19-CHE-019)

MARYAM FATIMA (FA19-CHE-083)

DEPARTEMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

COURSE : Engineering materials

SUBMIT TO : DR . JAVED AHMED

Question#2. Define the following:

Uses of Cast Iron:

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