5 Broadband Access Technologies, Trouble Shooting & Speed Measurement
5 Broadband Access Technologies, Trouble Shooting & Speed Measurement
5 Broadband Access Technologies, Trouble Shooting & Speed Measurement
5.1 INTRODUCTION
5.2 OBJECTIVE
5.3 FTTH
5.4 EVDO
5.5 WIMAX
5.9 SUMMARY
5.1 INTRODUCTION
Modern time is the time of speed. Everyone wants a higher and higher speed of internet access.
Many times user is having doubts in mind about actual speed of his broadband connection. Hence,
ISPs are providing tools to measure the speed of broadband connection. There are two terms
commonly employed in this regard:
5.2 OBJECTIVE
After reading this unit, you should be able to understand:
Basic internet Access Service controlled and uncontrolled from 256Kbps to 1000Mbps.
TV over IP Service (MPEG2).
Video on Demand (VoD)(MPEG4) play like VCR
Audio on Demand Service
Bandwidth on Demand (User and or service configurable)
Remote Education
Point to Point and Point to Multi Point Video Conferencing, virtual classroom
Voice and Video Telephony over IP: Connection under control of centrally located soft
switches
Interactive Gaming
VPN on broadband
Dial up VPN Service
Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS)
5.4 EVOLUTION OF DATA ONLY (EVDO)
Wireless data Service can be provided using CDMA 2000 1X & EVDO technology. A user can
avail these services by using USB or PCMCIA type data card. The data card (EVDO/CDMA 1X)
allows to accesses the high speed internet without need of landline. You can use the services while
on move. The service is available PAN India.Data services are available in prepaid as well as
postpaid. Two types of data services that can be provided using on CDMA technology:
CDMA 1X data service with internet surfing peak speed up to 144 kbps.
EVDO data service with internet surfing peak speed up to 3.1 Mbps.
Easy to setup
Data card are easily setup in laptop as well as desktop. All the data card are plug & play i.e data
card are automatically detected by laptop/desktop. Data card are supporting all OS like
Window-xp, Window-vista, window-7, linux etc.
Roaming
CDMA roaming service allows you to stay connected and use data card for internet surfing
from almost anywhere in India.
5.5 WI-MAX
WiMAX acronym meaning “Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access”.It is an IP based
Wireless Broadband Access Technology utilizing IEEE 802.16e-2005 standard as the air interface.
Wi-MAX is a unique technology being deployed for the first time in India. This technology
provides fixed as well as fully mobile high speed broadband connectivity alongwith roaming
feature. It provides users a thrilling Internet browsing experience.
Wi-MAX technology provides fixed as well as fully mobile high speed broadband connectivity
along with roaming feature. It provides users, a thrilling Internet browsing experience. Three types
of Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) are available as Outdoor CPE, Indoor CPE and
USBdongle from which customers can choose as per their application requirements.
Indoor Equipment :- Best suited for Home/Office users and it can be used in moving
vehicle also.
Dongle Equipment :- Small Dongle can be connected directly to PC / Laptop via USB
port.
Outdoor Equipment :- Suitable for remote and rural areas which can be used upto 15
Kilometers distance (Line of sight) from BTS site.
Range of WiMAX: 15 Kms for Rural area (LOS) and 4 Kms for Urban area.
User can expect to have broadband access speeds ranging from 256 Kbps to 2 Mbps.
WiMAX will provide broadband connectivity anywhere, anytime, for any device includes
WiMAX is the Next Generation of Wireless Broadband instead of “Wi-Fi”. It can connect
you to the internet in faster speed and wider coverage compared to Wi-Fi that can only be
connected on Hotspots like Hotels, Restaurants, Airports and Recreation Center etc.
Benefits of WiMAX
Convenience: You can move around the CPE device and get the Internet access everywhere
in your home, and in the office. And you can subscribe only one connection for both office
and home use.
No Wire Required: No Wire, No Telephone connection required.
Quick setup & activation: WiMAX setup and activation are quick and fast. You don’t have
to wait for telephone running.
Quality connection: Using WiMAX you can browsing at a very good speed.
Who can use WiMAX?
WiMAX is most suitable for home users, individual, small office and home office.
Customer who want to use internet at home and in the office but want to subscribe only one
connection can use this facility. Customer for those who have no phone line at the location
and / or live in the rented apartments can also use WiMAX Connection.
What is needed to get WiMAX connection?
You will need your desktop or laptop computer with Ethernet card and the wireless device
i.e. CPE (Customer Premise Equipment). CPE can be purchased from BSNL or can be
provided on monthly rent as you apply for WiMAX connection.
What is needed to apply for phone-line to have the WiMAX service?
No. WiMAX is wireless technology so there is no need to apply for a phone line.
What is the cost of CPE ?
The cost of CPE is Rs 1500/- uniformly for Indoor/Outdoor and USB CPEs.
Is WiMAX secure?
Yes. WiMAX technology incorporates much better and more flexible security support than
the Wi-Fi standard. All user traffic is encrypted before being routed through the Network.
Is WiMAX(Wireless Broadband) safe?
Yes. It is safe and there is no harmful effect on human body.
How can customer connect the computer to the WiMAX(Wireless Broadband) Service?
Customer have to connect your Computer to CPE using Ethernet cable.
Wi-MAX Services:
High speed broadband connectivity upto 7Mbps
Leased Lines
VPN Services
Web based Video Conferencing
a) Problem Error-678
Description This is most common problems. It is due to poor connectivity. Problem
can be anywhere between B.RAS - Tier 2 - DSLAM - Modem - PC
of the customer.
Remedy Switch off / Switch on Modem (Power Switch at the back of modem )
and wait for 2 minutes. Then retry.
If problem is not solved then Reset Modem [Back pin (in the hole) to
be pressed in switched ON condition]
[Note : Link PC/ WAN / LAN in Modem will go Off and then ON
and system may be stable. Then retry.
If problem is still not solved then
i) Jack in & Jack out the cable of / to the modem and to the splitter
ii) Jack in & Jack out the telephone connection of the splitter.
If lamp is still blinking - then it is due to poor line condition / fault. Then
Area Broadband Team is to be contacted for attending the fault.
b) Problem Error-691
Description User id and Password problem.
c) Problem Error-769
Description LAN not enabled.
Remedy The LAN Card has to be enabled by following the steps given
below.
i) Go to Desktop.
ii) Click "My Network Place".
iii) Select Properties.
iv) Click "Enable the local network".
e) Problem Error-718
Description Peak Hour - This problem occurs if loading is high on the system and
number of customers exceed the call handling
capacity of B.RAS.
Failures Instructions
light is out. Ensure the telephone line before entering the house is valid, try to test with a
telephone;
Check that there is no junction box before connecting Modem, which has such
components like capacitors or diodes that could hinder back high frequency
signals;
Ensure the Modem and telephones are connected in the right way.
LAN LINK Ensure you use the right cables from the Modem to your PC;
Ensure your Network Adapter works normally by examining whether the item of
“Networking Adapters” is labeled with “? or “!”. If it is, you may delete it and
then click “Refresh” to reinstall. Otherwise, you may try the NIC in another slot.
As a last resort, you have to replace the NIC.
Can‟t access Take the most common access mode as an example, in which a dial-up
application is installed on the user‟s computer:
the Internet.
Ensure that any of the problems above is not the reason;Ensure that the dial-up
application is correctly installed and set on your PC;
Ensure that you have entered the right user name and password;
Ensure “Use Proxy Server” is set properly for IE, if the problem still remains
even after you have log into successfully;
Try more than one Web sites, in case of some Web server‟s being in failure.
Check that ADSL line is properly connected, CPE is powered on and ADSL link
LED is glowing in stable condition.
Check that LAN cable is properly connected to PC and LAN link LED is glowing in
stable condition. If LAN LED is not stable then check that LAN cable is connected
properly or replace the cable and check. In case the LAN cable is connected to LAN
switch or HUB, you have to use a cross cable. If the LAN LED is still not glowing,
then veify that LAN card is properly installed with suitable driver or get the help of
your computer service person for doing so.
If all the physical installation is correct but still you are not able to browse. Then
check that-
The TCP/IP setting are configured as desired with correct gateway address and DNS
server IP addresses. To verify open the DOS window and type ping
192.168.1.1 it should
give output „Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32
time<1ms TTL=64‟.
Ensure that no proxy setting is configured in Browser. In Internet explorer you can
verify as following –
Open the Internet explorer and Click on Tools and select Internet Options.
Click on Connections tab and select LAN Settings. See if any proxy setting are
configured. Uncheck the proxy settings box and click OK.
The distance of users DSL modem from DSLAM. Lesser the distance more will be the
speed.
The quality/condition of DSL line w.r.t insulation, no. of joints and wire size.
Good insulation, less no. of joints, thicker wire will lead to good speed.
The hardware specification and software availability at users PC may also effect the
speed with which the user can use Broadband services. For example, CPU speed and
RAM capacity may have great impact on data throughput on the screen. More CPU
speed and large RAM size can make the Broadband services enjoyable.
The softwares available in PC also effects the speed like BitTorrent, Internet download
manager, malicious software like worms etc. This software may eat up large