Legaledge Classroom Handout: The Hindu Notes 27-02-2021

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Part of the Most Awesome and Consistently Successful Study Material and Test Series Module,
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THE HINDU NOTES


27-02-2021

ASSEMBLY POLLS TO KICK OFF ON MARCH 27


The Assembly elections in the States of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, West Bengal and Assam and the Union Territory of
Puducherry will be held between March 27 and April 29, the Election Commission of India (ECI) announced on Friday.
The counting of votes will be held together on May 2. At a press conference, Chief Election Commissioner Sunil Arora
said polling to 126 constituencies in Assam would be held in three phases on March 27, April 1 and April 6.

Voting in Kerala (140 seats), Tamil Nadu (234) and Puducherry (30) would be held in a single phase on April 6. West
Bengal would see polling in eight phases, up from seven last time, on March 27, April 1, April 6, April 10, April 17, April 22,
April 26 and April 29. The State has 294 constituencies.

KARNATAKA TO MOVE SC AGAINST T.N. PROJECT


Karnataka is readying itself to wage a legal battle in the Supreme Court against Tamil Nadu’s ambitious Cauvery-Vellaru-
Vaigai-Gundar river linking project.

The 262 km river-linking project will divert 6,300 cubic feet of surplus water during floods and increase the groundwater
levels in the state’s southern districts to meet drinking water needs.

ISSUE:
Tamil Nadu is trying to utilise surplus 45 Tmcft of water. Karnataka Government says, “this project is not in accordance
with the Interstate River Water Disputes Act.

According to the Act, surplus water should also be adjudicated and the tribunal has to decide on it.

IMPARTING DIRECTION TO SCIENCE IN INDIA

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ERROR SPOTTING
National Science Day, on February 28, is a moment to celebrate the progress that India has made in science and
technology research, thanks to its science policies. It is also an opportunity to ponder about the problems that we face in
research. As for the metrics on scientific research in India, there is the good news, the notsogood news, and some hope.

THE GOOD NEWS from the report published by the National Science Foundation of the U.S. in December 2019, India was
the third largest publisher of peerreviewed science and engineering journal articles and conference papers, with 135,788
articles in 2018.

THE NOTSOGOOD NEWS is that publications from India are not impactful. From the report, in the top 1% of the most cited
publications from 2016 (called HCA, or Highly Cited Articles), India’s index score of 0.7 is lower than that of the U.S.,
China and the European Union. An index score of 1 or more is considered good.

The draft of the Science, Technology and Innovation Policy 2020 (STIP2020), the fifth science policy that
was released in January 2021 offers hope to research in India (https://bit.ly/3dO9s73): it has an ambitious vision to
“double the number of fulltime equivalent (FTE) researchers, Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) and private
sector contribution to the GERD every 5 years” and to “position India among the top three scientific superpowers in the
next decade”.

PREVIOUS FOUR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY POLICY:


Scientific Policy Resolution 1958:
India’s first major science policy can be traced back to the year 1958.

SPR 1958 laid the foundation of the scientific enterprise and scientific temper in India.

Technology Policy Statement 1983:


The primary feature of TPS 1983 was technological self-reliance through promotion and development of indigenous
technologies.

Adoption of indigenous technology would reduce vulnerabilities in critical areas and would help maximise the utilisation of
local (human and material) resources.

Science and Technology Policy 2003:


Its aim was to keep up the pace with science and technology, to stay competitive in an increasingly globalised world and
to meet the primary goal of equitable and sustainable development.

It called to invest heavily in the research and development sector with the aim of increasing investment to 2% of the Gross
Domestic Product (GDP).

Science, Technology and Innovation Policy 2013:


The decade of 2010 to 2020 was declared as a decade of innovation. It was acknowledged that in order to stay globally
competitive, it was necessary to make a transition into a knowledge-based economy.

This policy document was a step in the direction towards building a robust national innovation ecosystem.

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