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also known as the Northern Lights

Northern Lights can be seen in the northern or


southern hemisphere, in an irregular oval centered
over each magnetic pole. Researchers have
discovered that auroral activity is cyclic, peaking
roughly every 11 years. The weird phenomena
occurs near the magnetic poles and northern lights
have been seen as far as New Orleans in the
western hemisphere. While similar locations in the
east never experience the mysterious lights.
However, in North America, the best places to
watch the lights are in the northwestern parts of
Canada, particularly the Yukon, Nunavut,
Northwest Territories and Alaska. Auroral displays
can also be seen over the southern tip of Greenland
and Iceland, the northern coast of Norway, and
over the coastal waters north of Siberia.
(Bloom, n.d.) and (Northernlightscentre.ca, 2013)
The Northern Lights happen due to gas
particles colliding with charged particles
from our sun's solar wind that get past
Earth’s magnetic field. The color of the
particles depends on the type of gas and
how high the gas particles are found. For
example, oxygen particles that are found
80 km from the Earth create a yellowish-
greenish aurora, while oxygen particles
that are found up to 640 km create a rare
reddish aurora color. Nitrogen particles
form a blue-ish, purple-ish color.
(Northernlightscentre.ca, 2013) and (O’Mahoney, 2019)
Winter in the north is generally a good
season to view lights. The long periods of
darkness and the frequency of clear
nights provide many good opportunities
to watch the auroral displays. Usually, the
best time of night (on clear nights) to
watch for auroral displays is local
midnight. Areas that are not polluted with
artificial light are the best places to watch
the polar lights. Towns in the north, in
smaller communities, tend to be best.
(Northernlightscentre.ca, 2013)

The aurora lights are prominent in indigenous people's stories and mythology, since they
look so beautiful, they had to be connected to some sort of magic. For ancient Greeks
and Romans, aurora lights were a symbol of the goddess Aurora - sister of sun and moon
gods. It was believed that Aurora caused the lights to alert her siblings that the new day
is coming. In Europe, since the aurora lights were really uncommon, people believed that
they were a sign of a huge tragedy. In Asian countries, people associate aurora lights
with dragons or a sign that the unborn child is going to be beautiful. In North America
people considered aurora lights to be a part of a life cycle - they were said to be the dead
souls of their loved ones. For other indigenous people, they were either a fire created by
their god Nanahbozho or fires created by dwarfs. The northern lights are also prominent
in Norse mythology, where they are the glow of reflections of women warriors who
often died in battles. Finland believed them to be a fox who ran so quickly that the snow
from his tail was left on the sky. In Greenland and Iceland, they were connected to
childbirth. The last legend from the Baltic States assumes that the northern lights were
horse-drawn carriages on their way to a celestial wedding.
(Super User, 2014)
Bloom, L.B. (n.d.). 22 Best Places To See The Northern Lights In 2020. [online] Forbes.
Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/laurabegleybloom/2020/12/30/best-places-
to-see-the-northern-lights-in-2020/?sh=37307c6f77d7 [Accessed 13 May 2021].

Northernlightscentre.ca. (2013). Northern Lights or Aurora Borealis Explained. [online]


Available at: https://www.northernlightscentre.ca/northernlights.html.

O’Mahoney, P. (2019). Curious Kids: what causes the northern lights? [online] The
Conversation. Available at: https://theconversation.com/curious-kids-what-causes-the-
northern-lights-111573#:~:text=When%20the%20solar%20wind%20gets.

Super User (2014). Mythology of the Northern Lights. [online] Theaurorazone.com.


Available at: https://www.theaurorazone.com/about-the-aurora/aurora-legends.

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