Designation: A582/A582M – 12

Standard Specification for

Free-Machining Stainless Steel Bars1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A582/A582M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.

1. Scope* A484/A484M Specification for General Requirements for

1.1 This specification covers hot-finished or cold-finished Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings
bars, except bars for forging (Note 1), suitable for machining A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-
processes. It includes rounds, squares, and hexagons in the cal Analysis of Steel Products
more commonly used types of stainless free-machining steels A959 Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade
designed especially for optimum machinability and for general Compositions for Wrought Stainless Steels
corrosion and high-temperature service. Stainless steel bars E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
other than the free-machining types are covered in a separate Unified Numbering System (UNS)
specification (Note 2). 2.2 SAE Document:3
1.2 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units SAE J 1086 Recommended Practice for Numbering Metals
and in SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contract and Alloys3
specifies the applicable M specification designation (SI units), 3. Ordering Information
the inch-pound units shall apply. The values stated in either
inch-pound units or SI (metric) units are to be regarded 3.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all
separately as standard: within the text and tables, the SI units requirements that are necessary for product ordered under this
are shown in [brackets]. The values stated in each system may specification. Such requirements to be considered include, but
not be exact equivalents: therefore, each system shall be used are not limited to, the following:
independently of the other. Combining values from the two 3.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces),
systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. 3.1.2 Type (alloy) or UNS designation (Table 1),
3.1.3 Form (bars, angles, etc.),
NOTE 1—For bars for reforging, see Specification A314. 3.1.4 Condition (Table 2),
NOTE 2—For non-free machining stainless bars, see Specification
3.1.5 Finish (5.1),
A276.
3.1.6 Applicable dimensions, including size, thickness,
2. Referenced Documents width, and length,
2.1 ASTM Standards:2 3.1.7 Cross section (round, square, etc.),
A276 Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes 3.1.8 ASTM designation (Specification A582/A582M) and
A314 Specification for Stainless Steel Billets and Bars for approval date,
Forging 3.1.9 Preparation for delivery, and

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A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing 3.1.10 Marking requirements.
of Steel Products NOTE 3—A typical ordering description is as follows: 5000 lb [2000 kg]
Type 416 bars, annealed and centerless ground, 11⁄2 in. [40 mm] round, 10
to 12 ft [3 to 4 m] in length, ASTM Specification A582/A582Mdated.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, 4. General Requirements
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.17 on Flat-Rolled and Wrought Stainless Steel.
4.1 Product furnished to this specification shall conform to
Current edition approved March 1, 2012. Published March 2012. Originally the requirements of Specification A751, including any supple-
approved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as A582/A582M – 05. mentary requirements indicated in the purchase order or
DOI: 10.1520/A0582_A0582M-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
the ASTM website. Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.

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 A582/A582M – 12
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements

UNS Chemical Composition, %

Desig- TypeB Manga- Phos- Silicon, Molyb- Other
nationA CarbonC SulfurC Chromium Nickel Selenium
neseC phorus,C max denum Elements
Austenitic
S20300 XM-1D 0.08 5.0–6.5 0.04 0.18–0.35 1.00 16.00–18.0 5.0–6.5 ... ... Cu
1.75–2.25
S30300 303 0.15 2.00 0.20 0.15 1.00 17.0–19.0 8.0–10.0 ... ... ...
min
S30310 XM-5D 0.15 2.5–4.5 0.20 0.25 1.00 17.0–19.0 7.0–10.0 ... ... ...
min
S30323 303Se 0.15 2.00 0.20 0.06 1.00 17.0–19.0 8.0–10.0 ... 0.15 ...
min
D
S30345 XM-2 0.15 2.00 0.05 0.11–0.16 1.00 17.0–19.0 8.0–10.0 0.40–0.60 ... Al
0.60–1.00
Martensitic
S41600 416 0.15 1.25 0.06 0.15 1.00 12.0–14.0 ... ... ... ...
min
S41610 XM-6D 0.15 1.50–2.50 0.06 0.15 1.00 12.0–14.0 ... ... ... ...
min
S41623 416Se 0.15 1.25 0.06 0.06 1.00 12.0–14.0 ... ... 0.15 ...
min
E
S42020 420F 0.30–0.40 1.25 0.06 0.15 1.00 12.0–14.0 0.50 ... ... Cu
min 0.60E
S42023 420FSe 0.20–0.40 1.25 0.06 0.06 1.00 12.0–14.0 0.50E ... 0.15 Cu
min 0.60E
S44020 440F 0.95–1.20 1.25 0.06 0.15 1.00 16.0–18.0 0.50E ... ... Cu
min 0.60E
E
S44023 440FSe 0.95–1.20 1.25 0.06 0.06 1.00 16.0–18.0 0.50 ... 0.15 Cu
min 0.60E
Ferritic
S18200 XM-34D 0.08 2.50 0.04 0.15 1.00 17.5–19.5 ... 1.50–2.50 ... ...
min
S18235 ... 0.025 0.50 0.030 0.15–0.35 1.00 17.5–18.5 1.00 2.00–2.50 ... Ti
0.30–1.00
N
0.025
C+N
0.035
S41603 ... 0.08 1.25 0.06 0.15 1.00 12.0- ... ... ... ...
min 14.0
S43020 430F 0.12 1.25 0.06 0.15 1.00 16.0–18.0 ... ... ... ...
min
S43023 430FSe 0.12 1.25 0.06 0.06 1.00 16.0–18.0 ... ... 0.15 ...
min
A
Designation established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J 1086, Recommended Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS).
B
Unless otherwise indicated, a grade designation originally assigned by the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI).
C
Maximum unless otherwise noted.
D
Naming system originated by ASTM.
E
At manufacturer’s option, reported only when intentionally added.

contract. Failure to comply with the general requirements of 6.2 Methods and practices relating to chemical analysis
Specification A751 constitutes nonconformance with this required by this specification shall be in accordance with Test
specification. Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.
5. Materials and Manufacture 7. Hardness Requirement
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5.1 Bars may be furnished either hot finished or cold 7.1 The product shall conform to the hardness requirements
finished, suitable for machining processes, in one of the listed in Table 3 for Brinell Hardness Number (HBW).
conditions listed in Table 2. 7.2 At least one hardness test shall be made midway
between surface and center on each lot to determine that the
6. Chemical Requirements material conforms to Table 3.
6.1 The chemical composition shall conform to the require- 7.2.1 Hardness testing shall be performed in accordance
ments specified in Table 1. with Test Methods and Definitions A370.

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 A582/A582M – 12
TABLE 2 Condition TABLE 3 Mechanical Test Requirements

Type Condition A Condition T Condition H Types Condition Brinell

(Annealed) (Intermediate (Hard Temper) Hardness
A
Temper) (HBW)
XM-1 A ... All (except 440F, 440FSe and S18235) A 262 max
303 A ... ... 416, 416Se, 420FSe, and XM-6 T 248 to 302
XM-5 A ... ... 416, 416Se, and XM-6 H 293 to 352
303Se A ... ... 440 F and 440FSe A 285 max
XM-2 A ... ... S18235 A 207 max
416 A T H A
Sizes below approximately 1 in. [25 mm] cross section may be tensile tested
XM-6 A T H
and converted to hardness per Test Methods and Definitions A370.
416Se A T H
420F A ... ...
420FSe A ... ...
440F A ... ...
440FSe A ... ... certificate of compliance stating that the product was manu-
XM-34 A ... ... factured, sampled, tested, and inspected in accordance with this
S18235 A ... ...
S41603 A ... ...
specification (including year date) and any other requirements
430F A ... ... designated in the purchase order or contract, and has been
430FSe A ... ... found to meet such requirements.
8.2 Test Reports—When specified in the purchase order or
contract. A certified report of the test results shall be furnished
7.2.2 For sizes below 1 in. [25 mm] cross section, the at time of shipment. The report shall include the ASTM
hardness value may be determined by tensile test and conver-
specification designation, year date, and revision, if any.
sion to hardness in accordance with Test Methods and Defini-
tions A370.
9. Keywords
8. Certification 9.1 austenitic stainless steel; ferritic stainless steel; free-
8.1 Certificate of Compliance—When specified in the pur- machining stainless steel; martensitic stainless steel; stainless
chase order or contract, the producer or supplier shall furnish a steel bars

APPENDIX

(Nonmandatory Information)

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X1. CROSS REFERENCE

X1.1 This table is intended to assist the user when A582/A 582M replacing the steels formerly specified in QQ-
Specification A582/A 582M is referenced in a government S-764B.
procurement. It shows the types of steels in Specification

TABLE X1.1 Cross Reference

Specification A582,
UNS DesignationA QQ-S-764B
Type
S20300 203EZ XM-1
S30300 303 303
S30310 303 Plus X XM-5
S30323 303Se 303Se
S30345 303Ma XM-2

S41600 416 416

S41610 416 Plus X XM-6
S41623 416Se 416Se
S42020 420F 420F
S42023 420FSe 420FSe
S43020 430F 430F
S43023 430FSe 430FSe
A
Designation established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J 1086, Recommended Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS).

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 A582/A582M – 12
SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue,
A582/A582M – 05, that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved March 1, 2012.)

(1) The following sections were modified to conform to ods and Definitions A370 and Specification A484/A484M.
current form and style practices: Scope, Referenced Docu- (3) Section 5, Materials and Manufacture, was updated to
ments, Ordering Information, General Requirements, and Cer- include a description of finishing processes.
tification. (4) Section 7, Hardness Requirements, was updated to specify
(2) Section 2 was revised to include references to Test Meth- hardness and conversion factor requirements.

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue,
A582/A582M – 95b (2000)´1, that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved March 1, 2005.)

(1) The following sections were modified to conform with (3) Section 5, Materials and Manufacture, was updated to
current form and style practices: Scope, Referenced Docu- include a description of finishing processes.
ments, Ordering Information, General Requirements, and Cer- (4) Section 7, Hardness Requirements, was updated to specify
tification. hardness and conversion factor requirements.
(2) Section 2 was revised to include references to Test Meth- (5) Table 1 was revised for compliance with Guide A959
ods and Definitions A370 and Specification A751. regarding the number of digits in the composition listed.

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