R2

Good scientific writing can be described as ___________, ___________, and ___________.
a. clear, concise, and convoluted

b. concise, dense, and compelling
c. clear, concise, and flowery
d. clear, concise, and compelling
In the context of this chapter, what does it mean to determine your audience?
a. Identify individuals who are attending your presentation.
b. Identify the individuals for whom you are writing your research article.
c. Identify the specific individuals who are likely reviewing your article.
d. Identify the individuals who are likely cited in your paper.
Which of the following does not help with clarity in scientific writing?
a. Use of precise word choice
b. Use of metaphors and flowery language
c. Making sure pronouns have clear antecedents
d. Limiting the use of scientific jargon
Redundancy is most likely influencing which aspect of good scientific writing?

a. Being clear
b. Being concise
c. Being compelling
d. Being intriguing
Which of the following is not a way to achieve a compelling narrative in your writing?
a. Use passive voice to build an objective stance
b. Write and re-write
c. Use logical and evidence-based reasoning
d. Start and end strong in your writing
The hourglass organization of scientific writing suggests which of the following?

a. The introduction is broad and the discussion is narrow
b. The results and methods are broad and the introduction and discussion is narrow
c. The introduction and discussion are broad, and the methods and results are narrow
d. The introduction is narrow and becomes more and more broad as you move onto the methods,
results, and discussion.
Which of the following is generally a method to determine whether or not to include certain details
into your research article?
a. Results should be both written and portrayed in either a figure or table.
b. The article should review the history of the entire field.
c. The paper should provide as much detail as possible that the journal allows and present critical
information, such as key findings and important implications multiple times.
d. The paper should provide just enough detail so that an independent researcher can replicate your
research.
Which of the following sections is not a basic section of a quantitative research paper?
a. Results
b. Methods
c. References
d. Criticisms
According to APA guidelines, authorship on a manuscript generally requires which of the following?
a. Some form of intellectual contribution to the project
b. Participation in data collection
c. Assistance with data analysis
d. Assistance with the inception of the project
Which of the following pieces of information is typically not on the title page of a manuscript?
a. Author names
b. Author affiliation
c. Keywords
d. Research acknowledgements
Which of the following is a common restriction regarding title pages?

a. There is often a limit to less than six authors.
b. There is often a limit to the number of characters permitted in the title itself.
c. Authors typically do not list their affiliations to help with blind review.
d. Keywords are always restricted to those provided by the journal only.
What is the purpose of the abstract?

a. Provide a clear and in depth discussion of the implications of the research
b. Discuss the motivation for the research but provide no information about the findings
c. Provide a clear but succinct summary of the research
d. Discuss why the authors think the findings are important, to convince the readers to read the
article.
Why is it important to spend time writing an abstract for a research report?

a. Readers sometimes use it to decide if they wish to read the full article.
b. It is only opportunity to discuss your own interpretation of the research.
c. Reviewers only review the abstract.
d. It is the only opportunity for you to report the applications and strengths of the research.
Which of the following is not a goal of the introduction?

a. Articulate the purpose of your research
b. Convince the readers to be interested in your research
c. Provide a detailed analysis of the findings and implications of past research and the history of the
field.
d. Situate your research in the context of current trends and past literature.
Which of the following is the main goal of the methods section of a research report?
a. Meticulously articulate how you analyzed the data.
b. Provide enough detail to allow an independent researcher to replicate your study.
c. Outline the demographic information of your participants so that reviewers can access the
generalizability of your research.
d. Discuss the procedure you used so that readers can decide for themselves if your protocol is
biased.
Why is it important to discuss participant characteristics such as demographic variability?

a. It allows readers to assess the generalizability of your findings
b. It is the most important piece of information to help reviews decide if you appropriately chose
your data analysis technique.
c. It discusses how your recruitment methods are different from past studies.
d. None of the above reasons demonstrate why it is important to report participant information.
Due to its technicality, the most difficult section to write is often which of the following?
a. Materials
b. Procedure
c. Introduction
d. Results
Which of the following is usually beyond the scope of the results section of a quantitative research
report?
a. Discussing what statistical techniques were used
b. Presenting figures and/or tables to portray the data
c. Providing detailed interpretation of the implications based on the data
d. Presenting specific statistics that were generated from the data
Error bars are used for what purposes?

a. They are bar graphs that show the predicted levels of measurement error.
b. They are intervals on graphs that present the level of variability in the sample.
c. They are bars only used on line graphs that are used to present the level of error in participant
behaviors.
d. They are intervals on graphs that portray the amount of confidence you have in the error levels of
the population.
Based on the text, the discussion section of an article is analogous to…

a. The bottom of an ice-cream cone
b. The bottom of a skyscraper
c. The bottom of an hourglass
d. The top of a pyramid
If you state alternative explanations in your discussion, which of the following should you also
consider doing?
a. Tell readers why the alternative explanation falls short of the primary explanation
b. Conduct statistics tests to test them specifically
c. Include reviewer opinions of whether they think the alternative explanation is better or worse than
the primary explanation
d. Present a literature review that would allow readers to conduct a follow-up study based on the
alternative explanation
Which of the following is not usually a part of the discussion section in a quantitative research report?
a. Present a summary of the important findings and specific results
b. Discuss general implications of the research
c. Include suggestions for future research and practical applications
d. Discussion of what motivates the research and the literature that preceded the current research
study.
Which of the following is true of the reference sections?
a. The author selects only the key references that he or she cites in the rest of the report, and puts
them in the reference section.
b. The reference section do not have strict formatting guidelines in psychology
c. The reference section lists all the citations in the research report.
d. The APA has three different ways to format a reference section that authors are allowed to choose
from.
Which of the following is recommended with regards of using the word “prove?”
a. It is generally not a good idea to use “prove” in your write-up.
b. It is generally only acceptable if your study is a replication of another study.
c. It is always acceptable.
d. It is acceptable only if your results are statistically significant.
Which of the following sentences anthropomorphizes the word “research”?

a. The researchers found significant findings through a series of experiments using animals.
b. The research revealed a significant finding that the scientists were looking for.
c. The research was conducted by graduate students at a large public university.
d. Researchers conducted research with a survey design.

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Good scientific writing can be described as _____, _, and _______.

a. clear, concise, and convoluted

Redundancy is most likely influencing which aspect of good scientific writing?

The hourglass organization of scientific writing suggests which of the following?

Which of the following is a common restriction regarding title pages?

What is the purpose of the abstract?

Why is it important to spend time writing an abstract for a research report?

Which of the following is not a goal of the introduction?

Why is it important to discuss participant characteristics such as demographic variability?

Error bars are used for what purposes?

Based on the text, the discussion section of an article is analogous to…

Which of the following sentences anthropomorphizes the word “research”?

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