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    Course No: EEE 310: Text Transmission Through Laser

    Uploaded by

    shah
    This document describes a project to transmit text between two PCs using a laser. An Arduino at the transmitter converts text to binary and uses a laser to transmit the bits. A solar panel at the receiver converts the laser light back to a current for a second Arduino, which reconstructs the text and displays it on the second PC. The system was able to successfully transmit sentences between PCs up to a distance of 10 feet. Laser communication provides benefits like high speed, low cost, and small/light equipment compared to other transmission methods.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Course No: EEE 310: Text Transmission Through Laser

    Uploaded by

    shah
    80 views7 pages
    This document describes a project to transmit text between two PCs using a laser. An Arduino at the transmitter converts text to binary and uses a laser to transmit the bits. A solar panel at the receiver converts the laser light back to a current for a second Arduino, which reconstructs the text and displays it on the second PC. The system was able to successfully transmit sentences between PCs up to a distance of 10 feet. Laser communication provides benefits like high speed, low cost, and small/light equipment compared to other transmission methods.

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    how we can transmit data through laser

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    laser_comminication_docs

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    This document describes a project to transmit text between two PCs using a laser. An Arduino at the transmitter converts text to binary and uses a laser to transmit the bits. A solar panel at the receiver converts the laser light back to a current for a second Arduino, which reconstructs the text and displays it on the second PC. The system was able to successfully transmit sentences between PCs up to a distance of 10 feet. Laser communication provides benefits like high speed, low cost, and small/light equipment compared to other transmission methods.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    80 views7 pages

    Course No: EEE 310: Text Transmission Through Laser

    Uploaded by

    shah
    This document describes a project to transmit text between two PCs using a laser. An Arduino at the transmitter converts text to binary and uses a laser to transmit the bits. A solar panel at the receiver converts the laser light back to a current for a second Arduino, which reconstructs the text and displays it on the second PC. The system was able to successfully transmit sentences between PCs up to a distance of 10 feet. Laser communication provides benefits like high speed, low cost, and small/light equipment compared to other transmission methods.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Course No: EEE 310

    Text transmission through Laser

    Submitted By-
    Ataher Sams (1606105)
    Rifat Bin Rashid (1606117)
    Minhajur Rahman (1606126)
    Md. Oaliur Rahman (1606129)

    Submitted To-
    Dip Joti Paul, Lecturer, BUET
    Rajat Chakraborty, Lecturer, BUET
    Abstract
    In this project, text is being sent to one PC to another PC through laser. Due to its low noise
    ratio, it is one of the most well suited communication medium. We use Arduino to program
    laser to send binary bits to solar panel which then gives a character based on what binary
    numbers has been sent.

    Introduction
    Laser communications systems are wireless connections through the atmosphere. They work
    similarly to fiber optic links, except the beam is transmitted through free space. While the
    transmitter and receiver must require line-of-sight conditions, they have the benefit of
    eliminating the need for broadcast rights and buried cables. Laser communications systems can
    be easily deployed since they are inexpensive, small, low power and do not require any radio
    interference studies. The carrier used for the transmission signal is typically generated by a
    laser diode.
    This paper tells about the microcontroller based communication system using laser light as a
    device to transmit data. Here the microcontroller is connected with a PC where the PC act as an
    input to the laser which gives input text to transmit with the help of laser medium. After
    successfully implementing this project, we found that the data transmission through laser light
    has achieved great success while comparing with the conventional communication system.

    Components
    1. Arduino: Act as a microcontroller, the central controller for the whole unit of smart cart.
    It has 14 digital input/output pins, 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz quartz crystal, a USB
    connection, a power jack, and a reset button. The board can be programmed with
    Arduino Software (IDE). The board can operate on an external supply from 6 to 20 volts.
    2. Laser: The laser module can be directly powered from an Arduino output pin as it only
    draws 30 mA from the processor that has outputs rated for 40 mA.
    3. Solar panel: At the receiving end, there is a small solar panel which acts as the receiver.
    It converts the laser beam energy into a current which flows through the second
    Arduino.
    4. Computers: 2 PCs with keyboard and monitor are needed for this project. One is for
    giving input and other one is for getting output.
    Diagram

    Following diagram shows the whole system of the project. We give the input in the keyboard of
    PC1 and get the output from the monitor of PC2.

    Figure 1 Data transmission

    Working Principle

    The working principle of the Laser communication system is very similar to fiber optic links, but
    the difference is that the beam is transmitted through free space. A simple laser
    communication (LC) system transmits serial data through air from a transmitter to a receiver via
    a laser beam.
    The whole system consists of 3 parts. (1) Transmitter end, (2) Receiver end, (3) Transmission
    medium.
    (1) Transmitter End: The transmitter consists of a PC with a keyboard and an Arduino. The
    input is given through the keyboard (example: AbCdE). The Arduino (1) converts the text
    into 8 bit binary. On the transmit side, a UART must create the data packet appending
    sync and parity bits and send that packet out the transmission line with precise timing
    via a laser beam.
    (2) Transmission medium: The transmission medium is nothing but air. After transmitting,
    the information containing laser travels through the air and incident upon the solar
    panel of the receiver.

    (3) Receiver End: The receiver contains a small solar panel, an Arduino and a PC with a
    monitor. When the laser beam is incident on the solar panel, it converts the data
    containing light signal into a current and this current flow through the Arduino (2). This
    Arduino converts the bits into corresponding alphanumeric characters and the
    computer monitor shows them. This is our desired output.

    Character Arduino 2

    Laser Transmission
    8 bit binary 8 bit binary

    Arduino 1
    Character

    Sending End Arduino Algorithm


    At the sending end, Arduino-1 is used to convert the alphanumeric characters into 8 bit ASCII
    code. For the code, we have to do the followings:
    i. Take the characters as input
    ii. Convert the characters into ASCII code of which the start bit is 1
    iii. The delay is set 10ms between two consecutive bits
    iv. Set the delay of 100ms between two consecutive Bytes.
    v. Upload the code
    Receiving End Arduino Algorithm

    Laser light is sent to the solar panel and solar panel now receives the data. The solar panel is
    connected with the A0 pin and ground. After checking the value of the solar panel using built in
    “AnalogReadSignal” both when there is no light on the laser, and when there is light on the
    laser. We then set the THRESHOLD Value for the solar panel by examining the value from
    “AnalogReadSignal”.
    In setup, we consider the solarpin A0 as input and fix the Serial.begin to 9600. Then we take
    the reading from the solar pin. If the Reading from the solarpin is greater than the threshold,
    then we consider it to be ‘1’, otherwise it is considered as ‘0’. These binary bits are stored in an
    array.
    We set the delay to ‘100’ to match the delay of the sending side. Anything other than 50, the
    interpretation will not be right and it can produce false result. The binary bits are converted to
    ASCII value. Then the ASCII values give us suitable characters.

    Figure 2 Decimal, Hex, Binary, Char chart


    Experiment and Result

    The experiment has been conducted in different conditions. Delay time determines how fast
    the data will be sent. If it is low, the data can go quickly.

    The final output was satisfactory as we were able to send Sentences through one PC to another
    PC without any fault. We have used “CoolTerm” software to save the data in a text file.

    The system is tested for 2 ft, 5 ft and 10 ft distance and every time the output showed the
    correct sentences /word that has been sent through laser.

    Advantages of Laser Communication


    1. The advantage of laser communication is that it allows very fast communication service
    between two or more devices than other modes of communications.
    2. Laser communications systems can be easily deployed since they are inexpensive, small,
    low power and do not require any radio interference studies. The carrier used for the
    transmission signal is typically generated by a laser diode.
    3. The transmitting and receiving station are smaller and lighter for given range. Less
    overall power is required for the given distance and data rate. Higher data rate may be
    achieved for given distance and power output.
    4. Signals can be reproduced without distortion, even in long distances. So the system
    could be used for communication and cable television transmission.

    Challenges
    1. The noise in photodiodes: The main sources of noise are dark current noise, shot noise
    and thermal noise in a photodiode. The dark current noise arises due to dark current
    which flows in the circuit when the solar panel is not in illuminated environment under
    bias condition.
    2. Atmospheric Attenuation: In general, attenuation is the relation between transmitted
    signal power and received signal power as follow

    Attenuation=10log ( Ptransmitted / Preceived )


    Conclusion
    Lasers are used today in domestic and international network. These optical systems eventually
    provide the bandwidth that is in such demand. Laser Torch Based Transmission and Reception
    are cheaper and simpler in construction than RF transmitter and receiver. Infra-Red and Blue-
    Tooth can also be used for transmission and Reception purpose, but their range is small
    compared with their price.
    On taking the business perspective of the improvements in these area will lead to the better
    communications at low cost, low loss of the signals, better performance, negligible time delay,
    better security, less complex systems, will increase the reliability of the communications, more
    and more application areas (such as medical, lighting and many more).

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