100 Gbps Dual-Polarization QPSK Long-Haul Communication System
100 Gbps Dual-Polarization QPSK Long-Haul Communication System
100 Gbps Dual-Polarization QPSK Long-Haul Communication System
System
By
N Bhuvanesh 18BEC1072
Y Girish 18BEC1212
in
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BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
Certified that this project reported “100 Gbps dual-polarization QPSK Long-
Haul Communication System” is a bonafide work of N. Bhuvanesh-
18BEC1072, Mahesh Jayaraman- 18BEC1143, Y Girish- 18BEC1212 ,A.
Deepak Kumar -18BEC1277 who carried out the Project work under my
supervision and guidance for ECE4005 - 100 Gbps dual-polarization QPSK
Long-Haul Communication System.
Dr. Chitra K
Senior Associate Professor
University, Chennai
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ABSTRACT
Our objective is to design an 100 Gbit/s optical fiber transmission system which
adopts orthogonal phase modulation method (quadrature phase shift
keying,QPSK) using Optisystem and reduce bit errors as much as possible. It
reduces the baud rate to half of that of binary modulation type, in order to obtain
greater tolerance towards chromatic dispersion and polarization mode dispersion.
When polarization multiplexing technology is used, the capacity of single carrier
signal can be doubled, and then the polarization diversity optical coherent
detection technology can be applied
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We wish to express our sincere thanks and deep sense of gratitude to our project
guide, Dr. Chitra K, Senior Associate Professor, School of Electronics
Engineering, for his consistent encouragement and valuable guidance offered to us
in a pleasant manner throughout the course of the project work.
We express our thanks to our Head of the Department Dr. Vetrivelan. P for his
support throughout the course of this project.
We also take this opportunity to thank all the faculty of the School for their support
and their wisdom imparted to us throughout the course.
We thank our parents, family, and friends for bearing with us throughout the
course of our project and for the opportunity they provided us in undergoing this
course in such a prestigious institution.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
I ABSTRACT 3
II ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 4
1. INTRODUCTION 6
2. LITERATURE SURVEY 7
3. PROPOSED WORK 9
3.1
PRINCIPLE WORKING
3.2
BLOCK DIAGRAM
3.3
PARAMETERS USED
4. RESULT 14
6. REFERENCES 20
7. BIO DATA 21
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1. INTRODUCTION
Recently, the communication traffic between the data centres is growing at a pace
like never before. Various bandwidth (BW) hungry applications such as real-time
high-definition television broadcasting, cloud services, network games, 3G/4G
mobile services etc. lead to exponential growth in data traffic. The traditional
infrastructures hardly fulfil these high-data rates and new communication
technologies evolved. It is really challenging while designing a transceiver system
that supports the requirements of 100G and 400G communications such as data
rate, spectral efficiency, transmission distance etc.. The single-channel higher-
order modulation formats fulfil these requirements in a simple, robust, reliable and
cost-effective way.
PDM has been implemented to get twice the data rate for each modulation format
with homodyne detection. The SSMF attenuation has been compensated using an
erbium-doped fibre amplifier (EDFA) at regular intervals along with the multi-
span transmission link. DSP has been implemented instead of dispersion
compensating fibre compensates for CD.
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2. LITERATURE SURVEY
Li Li Et al. (2015) used the technologies based on digital signal processing (DSP)
and which realizes the long range transmissions of 100 Gbps optical systems to
achieve optical signal dispersion compensation, polarized solution reuse and phase
estimation. The effect of this system was verified with optisystem, and the
simulation results indicated that with the help of the DSP module for processing of
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the received signal, the last constellation is ideal and the data transmission error
rate is less than 1.3 e^-4. The system is highly reliable and simple. It also has
reference significance for the optimization of coherent optical detection hardware.
As they feature high spectrum efficiency and large dispersion and PMD tolerances,
the DP-QPSK modulation can improve the line efficiency of the dense wavelength
division multiplexing systems. The quality of the output eye diagram is high,
which is clean and has a decent open degree.
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3. PROPOSED WORK
The 100 Gbit/s DP-QPSK system can be divided into five main parts: DP-QPSK
Transmitter, Transmission Link, Coherent Receiver, DSP and Detection and
Decoding (which is followed by direct-error-counting). The signal is generated by
an optical DP-QPSK Transmitter, and is then propagated through the fiber loop
where dispersion and polarization effects occur. It then passes through the
Coherent Receiver and into the DSP for distortion compensation. The fiber
dispersion is compensated using a simple transversal digital filter, and the adaptive
polarization demultiplexing is realized by applying the constant-modulus algorithm
(CMA). A modified Viterbi– Viterbi phase estimation algorithm (working jointly
on both polarizations) is then used to compensate for phase and frequency
mismatch between the transmitter and LO. After the DSP is complete, the signal is
sent to the detector and decoder, and then to the BER Test Set for direct-error-
counting. Schematic diagram is shown in Figure 3.1
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3.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM
Fig.3.2.1 Block diagram of 100 Gbps dual-polarization QPSK Long-Haul Communication System
Fig 3.2.1 shows the detailed design setup of the coherent optical system with
QPSK modulation formats. At the transmitter unit, the serial to parallel converter
divides the input bit sequence at a bit rate R into two parallel output bit sequences
of bit rate R/2 containing the even and odd bits, respectively. Each bit sequence is
converted into M-ary symbol sequence from binary signals using either phase shift
keying (PSK) on QPSK used. This modulation format uses polarization
multiplexing, carrying on each polarization phase an independent QPSK signal.
The M-ary pulse generator generates the multilevel pulse according to the M-ary
input signal. The electrical pulses drive the radio frequency plates of the dual-drive
Mach–Zehnder modulator (MZM).
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Fig3.2.2 QPSK Transmitter
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Fig 3.2.3 QPSK Receiver
Fig 3.2.4 shows the internal schematic of the optical hybrid for each polarization.
The function is to detect in-phase and quadrature components from the received
optical signal. Superposition of the data bearing optical carrier with the local
oscillator signal converts the phase difference information into intensity
information. Assuming equal path lengths for the LiNbO3 waveguides
interconnecting the cross-couplers, the function of the 90deg phase shifter is a
multiplication with j 90 deg.
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3.3 PARAMETERS USED:
Number of loops 12
Total distance of propagation 1020 km , 996km
Gaussian filter bandwidth 60GHz
Gaussian filter order 1
We have tabulated the various parameters and component properties in table 3.3.
Bit rate of 100 Gbps was used and was transmitted over a distance of 960
Kilometers. The wavelength of the CV laser was 1550nm whose transmitting
power was 15 dBm.
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4. RESULTS
Fig 4.1 shows the constellation diagrams at various stages of the DSP component.
Each modulation has been tested at its maximum data rate and transmission
distance according to Table.
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Fig 4.3 Power spectrum of QPSK
Fig 4.3 shows the optical spectrum at the transmitter output using the four
polarization multiplexed optical modulation formats under test. The observed peak
optical powers are for QPSK.
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Fig. 4.4 BER results for loop of 85 Km with total 1020 Km
In figure 4.4, we can see the results of BER analysis for 85 Km loop. The total
incorrect bits received are 28. Hence we get a BER of 0.00042737. Hence, the
system we designed has decent performance.
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Fig. 4.5 BER results for loop of 83 Km with total 996 Km
In figure 4.5, we can see the results of BER analysis for the 83 Km loop. The total
incorrect bits received are only 5. Hence we get a BER of 76.317e-006. Hence, the
system we designed has very good performance.
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Fig. 4.6 BER results for loop of 86 Km with total 1032 Km
In figure 4.6, we can see the results of BER analysis for the 86 Km loop. The total
incorrect bits received are 39. Hence we get a BER 0.00595. Hence, the system
BER increasing exponentially after 86 km .
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5. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK
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6. REFERENCES
[2] Cole C.: „ Beyond 100G client optics‟, IEEE Commun. Mag., 2012, 50,
(2), pp. 58– 66.
[3] Ahmad S., Zafrullah M.: „ 40 Gb/s 4-QAM OFDM radio over fiber
system at 60 GHz employing coherent detection‟, J. Mod. Opt., 2015, 62, (4),
pp. 296– 301.
[5] Li X., Zhao S., Zhu Z. et al.: „ An optical frequency shifter based on high-
order optical single-sideband modulation and polarization multiplexing‟, J.
Lightwave Technol., 2016, 34, (22), pp. 5094– 5100.
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BIO DATA
Name N Bhuvanesh
E-mail mahesh.jayaraman2018@vitstuden
t.ac.in
Permanent Medavakkam, Chennai 600100,
address India
Name Y Girsih
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E-mail [email protected]
Permanent Madhavaram, Chennai 600110
address India
Mobile 9884645227
number
E-mail [email protected]
.in
Permanent Anna Nagar, Chennai 600040
address India
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