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4, 6, 9, 3, 7 Largest Observation 9 Smallest Observation 3

This document provides an overview of key concepts in data handling and measures of central tendency. It defines data, observations, frequency, and range. It then explains the three main measures of central tendency - mean, median, and mode - and provides examples of how to calculate each. The document concludes by defining a double bar graph and outlining the steps to construct one.

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70 views2 pages

4, 6, 9, 3, 7 Largest Observation 9 Smallest Observation 3

This document provides an overview of key concepts in data handling and measures of central tendency. It defines data, observations, frequency, and range. It then explains the three main measures of central tendency - mean, median, and mode - and provides examples of how to calculate each. The document concludes by defining a double bar graph and outlining the steps to construct one.

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davethiyagu
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Chettinad Vidya Mandir

Grade: 7 Subject: Mathematics

Data Handling

Data:
A collection of numerical figures giving some particular type of information is called data.
Observation:
Each numerical figure in a data is called an observation.
Frequency of an observation:
The number of times a particular observation occurs is called its frequency.
Range:
The range is the difference between the Smallest and Largest observations.

Example:
4, 6, 9, 3, 7

Largest observation = 9
Smallest observation = 3

Measures of the central tendency


- the representative values of a group of observations or data.

 Mean
 Median
 Mode

Mean ( Average):

The Mean of some given observation is defined as

Example :

The mean of 4, 5, 6

Median( middle):

After arranging the given data in ascending or descending order , the value of the middle
most observation is called median of the data.

Note: if there are two values in the middle, median is the mean of these two.
Example:
Mode (most):
The mode of a set of observations is the observation that occurs most often.

Example: The number of points scored in a series of football games is listed below. What is the
mode?

7, 13, 18, 24, 9, 3, 18

Solution: Arranging the numbers with same values together, we get

3, 7, 9, 13, 18, 18, 24

The score which occurs most often is 18.


Mode is 18.

Note: A set of data may have one mode, more than one mode, or no mode at all.

Note: Mean, mode and median lie between the minimum and maximum values of the data.

Double Bar Graph:


A double bar graph is used to display two sets of data on the same graph. The information
in a double bar graph is related, and it compares one set of data to another.

How to construct a double-bar graph:


1. Decide what title you will give the graph.
2. Decide if you want horizontal or vertical bars.
3. Choose a scale.
4. Put label on the axes.
5. Draw the bars.
6. Give two different colors for differentiating two data.

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