VIETNAM GENERAL CONFEDERATION OF LABOR

TON DUC THANG UNIVERSITY

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FACULTY

ESSAY REPORT
WEB PROGRAMMING AND APPLICATIONS

WEB APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT

Instructor: Bhagawan Nath

Performer: Nguyen An Khanh – 519H0107
Phan Ho Tuan Kiet – 519H0025
Le Tuong Vy – 519H0056
Class: 19H50203 – 19H50204
Course: 19

HO CHI MINH CITY , 2021

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INDEX
INDEX ............................................................................................................................. 1
CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION .................................................................................. 2
CHAPTER 2 – DOMAIN NAME & WEB HOSTING ................................................... 3
CHAPTER 3 – CONFIGURE ........................................................................................ 12
CHAPTER 4 – UPLOAD SOURCE CODE.................................................................. 16
CHAPTER 5 – SSL CERTIFICATE ............................................................................. 23
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CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION

Our team's topic is Web Application Development. Get an overview of how to deploy
a web application after coding.

Intention:
➢ Know how to choose to buy / register domain names, web hosting.
➢ Know how to configure to point the domain name to web hosting and configure
other necessary parameters.
➢ Know different ways to upload source code to your hosting or cloud services
Google, Amazon, Heroku ...
➢ Other issues such as: how to choose to buy and install an SSL certificate
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CHAPTER 2 – DOMAIN NAME & WEB HOSTING

Before building and designing a website, we need to know clearly about what the
domain name and the web hosting are? You can imagine that the website is a house,
the domain name is an address, and the web hosting is a base for building your house.
Therefore, what is the domain name? How important it is? How to choose the domain
name/ web hosting? Let’s try to find out.

1. What is the domain name?

The domain name is a website’s name which works on the internet and plays a role as a
physical address on it. The domain name and the home address, or zip code are the same
that help navigation satellite routers, so a browser also needs to the domain for linking
and connecting to your website.
For example: Hostinger.vn, Google.com, Facebook.com are the domain of an internet
company. When the company (or a client) want to buy the domain name, they can select
a server that the domain name can link to.
Any register for the domain name is managed by ICANN Organization (Internet
Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers). ICANN manages the domain name
which can be registered and stored data base.

Web server is a computer which can store file and database for creating your website.
After that, it will be sent to users who access your site from their server.
The domain name that users type on the website is the name, then the domain links to
web server address, so browser is able to send a request for accessing web server. If there
is no the domain, clients have to remember exactly IP address of server whenever they
want to access.
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2. Purpose of buying the web hosting and the domain name.

There are a lot of purposes that suitable for each user. And there are some examples:
- For making a website to introduce their enterprise.
- For developing an e-commercial projects.
- For protecting corporate brand.
- For SEO.
- For selling and making a profit.
- For storing data.
- For advertisement.
- For demo and developing a project at first.
Overall, depending on the purpose and needs of use as well as the nature of the
deployment project, we should buy hosting and domain name at the same time or after a
certain period of time or just buy domain names or just buy hosting.

3. Types of domain names.

The domain name has a wide variety of names; however, they are the same which are
separated 2 parts: first is name (as ‘Facebook’) and extended part (as ‘.com’). there are
many extended parts, from country code (as ‘.co.uk’ or ‘.vn’) to specific code such as
‘.gov’ for government organizations and ‘.edu’ for education organizations, even though
‘.com’ domains is still held in priority on the internet with over 46.5% of websites having
this domain name.

4. Buy/Register the domain name.

Registering the domain name simply and it is not special request. In fact, we usually
spend 5 minutes buying the domain name. For example, you just access or go to one of
the domain selling sites, choose a suitable domain name and go through the payment
process. You may need to request personal information entered in accordance with the
rules of the ICANN domain name authority.
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CRITERIA DOMESTIC INTERNATIONAL

ADVANTAGES - Buy the domain name such - Easy to buy.
as .vn, .com.vn and - Many promotion
international domain name - Can pay through
such as .com, .net,… Visa/Mastercard, Paypal.
- Can pay through
Visa/Mastercard, Paypal and
ATM with internet banking.

DISADVANTAG - Less promotion - Not allow to register the

ES - ID is required to determine domain name like .vn,
identity. .com.vn,…
- Not pay by ATM with internet
banking.
- Some suppliers don’t have
Vietnamese interface.

Some suppliers:

• International:
1. Bluehost – Free when you buy Hosting
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2. HostGator – promotion with buying hosting

3. GODAADDY – Special Deal

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• Domestic:
1. Hostinger.vn

2. MONA MEDIA

This is an example for you when you want to buy the domain name on MONA MEDIA
with 5 steps.
Select a reputable address to register a domain name (you can choose to buy now at
domain.mona.media)
Use the check tool to see if the name is registered yet, if no one has registered, you can
buy that domain name.
Choose the right domain name and pay to buy the domain (if the domain name you
choose already has buyers, the system will suggest some other domain names for you to
choose from)
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STEP 1: Select “Register the domain name”

STEP 2: Check the domain name have used

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STEP 3: Select the domain name you want and pay

Check your domain name and choose time you want to remain

STEP 4: Fill out information

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STEP 5: Verify ownership of purchased domain name

This step is extremely important when it comes to domain registration, as it helps the
provider confirm who owns the domain through the email address you entered when
registering. Normally, a confirmation form will be sent immediately after completing the
above steps to purchase the domain name.
The system sends an email form to confirm that you have registered a domain name, you
just need to click on the link to confirm.

In some cases, you may not receive the confirmation email, now you need to return to
the Control Panel interface to resubmit the confirmation form. Mona recommends that
you click immediately to complete the confirmation procedure because if after 15 days
after receiving the email without confirmation, the domain name will be suspended by
the provider.
Now that you have successfully purchased the domain name and completed the domain
name validation process, you are now free to use it. Then you proceed to point DNS to
hosting and ready to create a website.

5. Synthesis of 9 notes to choose the right domain name.

a. Find out and define your purpose.
b. Immutable principles when buying a domain name:
The maximum length for a domain name is 63 characters (including the extension
.vn, .com, .org and all other extensions)
Do not use any "spaces" in the domain name
Include only characters from the English alphabet (a-z), numbers (0-9), and the
sign (-)
When using the (-) sign, you cannot put it at the beginning or end of the domain
name.
c. Register domain name "easy to remember and easy to read".
d. Should I buy a .com domain name or a .vn domain name?
e. Make sure that your domain name is not pirated.
f. There should be no numbers (number) or hyphens (-).
g. Should buy related domain names.
h. Check out social networking platforms.
i. Look ahead and predict trends.

6. Transfer domain.
Domain names can be transferred between registrars. Although there are conditions
attached are:
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-The domain name has been registered or converted for 60 days or more
- The domain name is not in Redemption or Pending Delete status.
- You have's domain authorization code (EPP code).
The owner information must be valid and the domain name information protection
service must be turned off.
Although the domain transfer is not a must, it is just more convenient and easier to
manage if the hosting and domain are in the same place.

7. Differences between web hosting and domain name.

Domain names and web hosting have a symbiotic relationship like software and
hardware or yin and yang. While it is technically possible to have one without the other,
they work best when they work together, which is why many web hosts offer domain
name registration and why many. The registrar provides hosting services.
You can of course separate the two: register a domain name through one company and
buy hosting from another. But usually it takes more time to manage and the cost is not
cheaper.

8. Conclusion.
Domain names play a very important role in branding. You cannot build a reputation for
your company's brand, without owning the domain name of that brand. However, look
for registrars and buy domain names in reputable safe places. Smartly trust your
company. Buying and how to buy a domain name is important.
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CHAPTER 3 – CONFIGURE

Preparation:
- Domain purchased
- Hosting purchased
- Use the domain name management system of the purchased provider

3 WAYS TO POINT DOMAIN NAMES TO WEB HOSTING:

- Point the domain name at the Name Server of the Hosting
- Point domain name to IP address of Hosting: Use default Name Server of
domain name provider (Use A record)
- Point the domain name to the IP address of the Hosting: Use an
Intermediate Name Server
Each way will have its own pros and cons. Depending on your goals, there
will be different options.
• Point the domain name at the Name Server of the Hosting
This is one of the most common ways to use it.
The advantages of this approach are:
o Neat
o Easy to operate
o High likelihood of success
Cons (for newcomers):
o Must find the Name Server address of the Hosting
o Must be able to access the Nameserver management area to change
• Point domain name to IP address of Hosting: Use default Name Server of
domain name provider (Use A record)
When purchasing the domain name successfully, you will always
use the default name server of the provider. In case you point to another
name server, you need to point to the default.
Advantages:
o Full choice of name server
o Manipulating the management of records is more convenient
Record fast update
o Take advantage of some of the advanced services of the name server
Defect:
o Must find the exact IP of the hosting provider
o Must have basic knowledge of Records such as: A, CNAME, ...
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• Point the domain name to the IP address of the Hosting: Use an

Intermediate Name Server
Some of the most famous free Intermediate Name Servers today
are: CloudFlare, Incapsula, Namecheap FreeDNS ...
Some advantages such as:
o Save bandwidth for the server
o Speed up access to the website because of using the cache (cache)
on the server of the CDN
o Increase website security, limit DDoS attacks, spam comments on
blogs
o Use free SSL (improve SEO rankings)
However, there are still some disadvantages such as:
o If the intermediate Nameserver server is down, your website will be
interrupted
o The SSL of Intermediate Nameserver (Cloudflare) doesn't work on
older operating systems
o Your website can be offline when the hosting firewall
misunderstands CloudFlare's IP range as the attack address

This is an example to config the domain name points to web hosting

STEP 1: Find the Name Server address of the Hosting
As mentioned above, after Hosting is activated, you will have an email to your Hosting
login account, along with the address of the Name Server of the provider.
Below is the Nameserver information of some hosting providers.

o StableHost
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o HawkHost

o AZDIGI

STEP 2: Access the DNS management area of your domain name provider
The goal in this step is to change the Name Server. Refer to "How to change the Name
Server some domain name registrars" below for how to change Nameservers.
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For example, domain name register GoDaddy.

STEP 3: Update progress and test

After you know the domain name registrar's Nameserver change area, enter the Name
Server address of your hosting provider.
For hosting using cPanel, after changing the name server, in case you want to change the
records, go to cPanel → click Advanced Zone Editor to configure.
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CHAPTER 4 – UPLOAD SOURCE CODE

Preparation:
- Website files: all the datas you have in folder public_html, source code file or even
the newest backup.
- Database files (if any)
- Administration of control panel of your hosting account.
- FTP client (ex: FileZilla)

Steps to upload your Website:

Step 1: Pick a reliable web hosting company

Here are several factors that you should consider when choosing a hosting provider:

Live support. A good hosting service should have a team of experts who can help you
at any time. There’s no worse feeling than running into some issues and having to wait
for days to get a response.

Control over your web hosting space. The less control you have over your account,
the more likely you are to run into trouble when your site grows.

Room for growth. Before you commit to a web host, make sure it offers scalable
solutions that can provide more power (such as virtual private servers or cloud
hosting).

Money-back guarantee. Nobody likes a bad investment, so make sure to check for
a refund policy. This will give you a time frame to test everything out before
committing to the service.

Step 2: Choose your website upload method

There are four of the most popular tools to upload a website:

File Manager

A browser-based tool with all the key features to take care of your website files and
directories.
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However, the File Manager has an upload limit. If your website files are larger than
256MB, you better use FTP instead.

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

Most web hosting providers include a File Transfer Protocol (FTP) service, so you can
use it to connect to an FTP client. FTP clients have no size limit, so you can upload as
many files as you want.
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Automatic Website Importer

Some hosting providers use an Import Website to extract a website archive to

the public_html directory. The tool supports .zip, .tar and .tar.gz formats, and the
upload limit is 256MB.

WordPress Migration Plugins

If you plan to use WordPress, there are several ways to upload your website to the
CMS. One of the easiest methods is using a WordPress migration plugin like All in
One WP Migration. After installing and activating it, the rest of the steps are self-
explanatory.
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Step 3: Upload Your Website File

Now that you know the best tools to upload a website, it’s time to get your hands dirty!

In this tutorial, we’ll show you how to upload your website using Hostinger’s File
Manager and a well-known FTP client, FileZilla.

Using File Manager

1. Login to Hostinger’s hPanel and navigate to File Manager.

2. Once you’re in the public_html directory, select the Upload Files icon from the
upper-right menu.
3. Select the website archive file on your computer and Upload it to our server.
4. Right-click on the uploaded file and Extract the archived files to the
public_html directory
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Using FileZilla

Before we begin, make sure to extract the archive to your local computer as FileZilla
doesn’t have an Extract feature.

1. Connect your account to FileZilla.

2. Navigate to Remote Site panel and click on the public_html folder.

3. Head to the Local Site panel and locate the extracted files.
4. Select the files, and right-click to Upload them to the public_html directory.
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That’s it! By following the above steps, you can transfer all files
to public_html without doing any extra work. Otherwise, you’ll need to connect via
SSH and extract the archive manually.

Step 4: Move the Website Files to the Main Root Directory

In some cases, an additional directory will be created when you upload website files.
As a result, visitors will be directed to yourdomain.com/subfolder instead of the
default yourdomain.com.

To prevent that from happening, you need to make sure all the files are located in the
root directory of your domain, which is public_html.

You can use the File Manager to move your website files. All you need to do is right-
click on the subfolder, select the Move option, and set public_html as the destination.
Use this tutorial for more detailed guidance.

Step 5: Import Your Database

If your website uses a database, you’ll also need to import it along with your website
files:

1. Create a new MySQL database and user.

2. Access your newly created database via phpMyAdmin.
3. Use the Import section to upload the backup file of your database.
4. Update the MySQL database connection details
(database name, host, user, password) in its configuration files.

For more detailed steps, check out our guide on how to restore a database using
phpMyAdmin. Skip this part if you don’t use any database.

Step 6: Check If the Website Works

Once the website files are uploaded, it’s time for a final check!

If your domain name is already pointed to your web host, enter the domain name into
your browser and see if it directs you to your website.

Keep in mind that DNS changes can take up to 48 hours to fully propagate worldwide.
As such, if you just pointed your domain to the web host’s name servers, you might
need to wait for a while.
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Use an online tool like whatsmydns.net to check the state of your DNS propagation.
Just enter your domain name and the tool will check the DNS records against multiple
name servers.

Should you follow all the instructions correctly, your website will appear just fine.
However, if you run into an issue, ask your hosting provider for assistance.

And if you’re a Hostinger client, contact us via the live chat and one of our customer
success agents will be ready to help you!
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CHAPTER 5 – SSL CERTIFICATE

1. What is an SSL certificate ?

An SSL certificate is a type of digital certificate that provides authentication for a

website and enables an encrypted connection. These certificates communicate to the
client that the web service host demonstrated ownership of the domain to the certificate
authority at the time of certificate issuance.

This authentication process is much like sealing a letter in an envelope before sending
it through the mail. SSL, short for Secure Sockets Layer, is commonly used on e-
commerce sites and pages that require users to submit personal or credit card
information. By ensuring that all data passed between the two parties remains private
and secure, SSL encryption can help prevent hackers from stealing private information
such as credit card numbers, bank information, names, and addresses.

When you visit a Web address starting with "https," the "s" after the "http" indicates
the website is secure. These websites often use SSL certificates to verify their
authenticity. While SSL is most commonly seen on the Web (HTTP), it is also used to
secure other Internet protocols, such as SMTP for sending e-mail and NNTP for
newsgroups. Early implementations of SSL were limited to 40-bit encryption, but now
most SSL secured protocols use 128-bit encryption or higher.

2. The different types of SSL certificates.

Website owners purchase SSL certificates through Certification Authorities. CAs are
trusted entities that manage and issue security certificates and public keys that are used
for communication in a public network. There are three different types of SSL
certificates. Each provides a different level of security.

Domain validated (DV). DV certificates only verify who owns the site. It’s a simple
process where the CA will send an email to the website’s registered email address in
order to verify its identity. No information about the company is required. Be aware
that DV certificates have the lowest level of trust and are commonly used by
cybercriminals because they are easy to obtain and can make a website appear more
secure than it is.

Organizationally validated (OV). To receive an OV certificate, a CA must validate

certain information, including the organization, physical location, and its website’s
domain name. This process typically takes a couple of days. OV certificates have a
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moderate level of trust and are a good option for public-facing websites that deal with
less sensitive transactions.

Extended validation (EV). This type of certificate is a must-have for websites that
handle sensitive information. It has the highest level of security and is the easiest to
identify. In order to issue an EV certificate, the CA performs an enhanced review of the
applicant to increase the level of confidence in the business. The review process
includes examination of corporate documents, confirmation of applicant identity, and
checking the information with a third-party database. Users can know if a website
holds an EV certificate if the browser’s URL bar contains a padlock and the company
name is listed in green.

3. Why we need SSL certificates?

An SSL certificate ensures that the provider is who they claim to be and also indicates
secure connections between personal devices and websites. Understanding SSL
certificates is important for website trust and to help protect customers from becoming
a victim to scammers. It’s smart to keep in mind that not all websites, or SSL
certificates, are created equal.

An SSL certificate helps secure information such as:

• Login credentials
• Credit card transactions or bank account information
• Personally identifiable information — such as full name, address, date of birth,
or telephone number
• Proprietary information
• Legal documents and contracts Medical records

SSL Encryption Offers the Following Advantages:

• High encryption levels of up to 256-bit to protect user’s sensitive information.

• Provides strong encryption to protect the users’ information from phishing
scams & attacks.
• Protects websites from attack, reducing the risk of hacking, eavesdropping and
man-in-the-middle attacks.
• Can provide a positive influence in Google’s evaluation of your website.
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• Establishes a safe shopping experience - It’s necessary for websites accepting

payments.
• Proves your business authentication and increase your brand reputation by
validating your Business from Trusted Certificate Authority (CA)
• Displays Green Address Bar along with Organization Name (Only for EV SSL).

4. What do we need to have before buying an SSL certificate?

• A unique IP address.

Because of the way that the SSL protocol was set up, you will need a separate IP
address for each certificate that you want to use.

• A CSR.

A certificate signing request or CSR is a piece of text that must be generated on your
web server before ordering the SSL certificate.

• Correct contact information in WHOIS record.

When you purchase a certificate for a particular domain name, the certificate authority
needs to ensure that you own the domain name that you are getting the certificate for
and that you are authorized to order the certificate.

• Business/Organization validation documents.

If you are buying a high-assurance certificate, your business must also be validated.

5. How to order an SSL certificate?

First, you need to create a CSR and prepare your WHOIS record and company
validation documents before submitting your order. The process of ordering a
certificate goes something like this:
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• Prepare by getting your server set up and getting your WHOIS record updated
(it needs to show the correct company name and address), etc.
• Generate the CSR on the server
• Submit the CSR and other info to the Certificate Authority
• Have your domain and company validated
• Receive and install the issued certificate