TEST Form IV

1. (a) Write down the readings below:

cm

(i) 0 (ii)
6 0 1 2 3 35

5
mm 30

10
Part of a micrometer scale
7
Part of a vernier scale

(b) State two sources of errors in using a metre rule.

(c) It takes 16.8 s for a pendulum to swing from A to C and back to A twenty times. B is the
vertical position of the pendulum bob.
(a) What is the period of the pendulum?
(b) What is the frequency of oscillation of the pendulum?
(c) How long the pendulum bob will take to travel from A to B?

(d) By means of a scale diagram find the resultant of the two forces below:

60 N

50
80 N
Form3

1) Fill in the blanks (6marks)

Quantity SI unit Suitable instrument

Temperature ................................. .................................
................................ Kilogram .................................
.
................................ ................................. Measuring cylinder
.

2) Fill in the blanks (7 marks):

(i) Two errors in measurement are...............error and..............error

(ii) The smallest division on a metre rule is...................
(iii) The metre cubed is the ...........unit of .......................
(iv) 1 mm =..........cm

3) Write down the readings below (7 marks):

(i) (ii)
cm3
length

100
10 cm 11

Length =...........cm Volume = ..................cm3

cm
8 9
(iii)

0 5 10

Main scale = .........................cm

Vernier scale =..........................cm
Final reading = ....................cm
Form 1 (15 marks)

1 (a) What is Energy?

(b) Name 5 sources of energy.
(c) List 5 forms of energy in action
(d) List 3 forms of stored energy.

Form 2 (18 marks)

1(a) What is a force?

(b) Name 4 effects of a force.
(c) Name the instrument to measure force
(d) Give the name of the unit of force.
(e) Name 3 types of forces
(f) List one way of reducing friction
(g) State the law of magnets.
F 4 (20 marks)

Define (i) speed, (ii) acceleration. [4]

A car accelerates uniformly from rest to a speed of 12 m/s in 8s.

Calculate its (i) acceleration, (ii) distance travelled in 8 s, (iii) average speed.
[6]

A car accelerates uniformly from rest to a speed of 15m/s in 10s. After

travelling at this constant speed for 16 s, it is brought to rest with a uniform
deceleration in 6 s. Sketch a graph to show how the speed of the car varies with
time. Calculate the total distance travelled by the car.
[10]

L6 (25 marks)

1) (a) Express the joule in terms of base units [3]

(b) Show that the left-hand side of the equation

pressure + ½ density (speed)2 = constant

is homogeneous and find the base units of the constant on the right-hand side.
[6]

2) (a) What is meant by (i) random errors, (ii) systematic errors [4]
(b) In an experiment to determine the period of a simple pendulum, suggest one
source of (i) random error, (ii) systematic error. [4]
(c) The length of a card is measured as (297  1) mm. Its width is measured as
(209  1) mm.
(i) What is the % uncertainty in its length? [2]
(ii) Calculate the area of the card with its uncertainty. [6]
1) (a) What is a luminous object? Give an example.

b) State one law of reflection of light.

2) (a) Label the lines: (i) OA, (ii) ON, (iii) OB

(b) What is the (i) angle of incidence, (c) the angle of reflection?

B A

30

3) (i) State 3 characteristics of an image formed by a plane mirror.

(ii) State two uses of reflection of light by plane mirrors.
(iii) Copy the diagram below and draw the image of the triangle:

MIRROR
FORM 4 (Test 3)

1) A car of mass 1000 kg is moving on a horizontal road. At one point in its motion, when the
total resistive forces are 500N, its acceleration is 0.8ms-2. Calculate the forward driving force
F required to accelerate the car.

2) The figure 1.1 shows a free-fall parachutist falling vertically downwards. Fig. 1.2 shows
how the speed of the parachutist varies with time.

(a) (i) State the name of the downward force acting on the parachutist.
(ii) State the name of one upward force acting on the parachutist.
(b) (i) State the initial value of the acceleration of the parachutist. Give the unit of your
answer.
(ii) Explain why the acceleration decreases from A to B.
(iii) Explain why the parachutist falls at a constant speed after B.
Lower 6 (Test 3)

1) (a) Define velocity and acceleration

(b) Use your definitions in (a) to deduce the equations
(i) v = u + at, (ii) v2 = u2 + 2as, where v is the final velocity, u the initial
velocity, a the acceleration, t the time and s the distance travelled.

State the conditions necessary for these two equations to be applicable.

2) An object is thrown vertically upwards from the surface of the Earth. Air
resistance can be neglected. Sketch labeled graphs on the same axes to show
how (i) the velocity, (ii) the acceleration of the object, vary with time. Mark on
the graphs the time at which the object reaches maximum height and the time at
which it returns to its original position.

The graph shows the variation with time t of the distance d fallen from rest by
an object in a vacuum near the Earth’s surface.
d

0 t

(i) Explain how it is possible to deduce from the graph that the object is
undergoing accelerated motion.
(ii) Copy the graph and on it draw a line to represent the variation with time t of
the distance d when the object is falling from rest through air at the same
location on the Earth’s surface. Label the line A.
 2nd Term Class Test

1) (a) Define (i) work, (ii) power, (iii) efficiency.

(b) An object is pushed 10 m along a horizontal surface by a force of 80 N. The frictional
force opposing the motion is 60 N. How much of the work done is converted into thermal
energy and how much into k.e of the object?

2) A mass of 150 kg is released from rest at A A D

and moves along a frictionless track.
(a) Calculate (i) its maximum k.e, (ii) its
maximum velocity, (iii) its velocity at C.
(b) Explain what happens when it reaches D. C
60m
60m

20m

3) (a) A power station has an efficiency of 40 % and generates 1000 MW of electrical power.
What is the input power and the wasted power?

(b) A car of mass 1200 kg has an engine which can deliver a power of 90 kW. Find the
minimum time in which the car would accelerate from rest to 30 ms-1.
 Class Test Form 3

1(a) What do you understand by refraction of light?

(b) Draw the refracted ray in water.

air

water

2) (a) What is a scalar? Give an example.

(b) What is a vector? Give an example.
(c) Define acceleration.
3) A boy walks 12 m to the right and then 8 m to the
left in 5 seconds. Calculate (i) distance travelled, (ii) displacement, (iii) average speed, (iv)
velocity.
4) The velocity of a car changes from 3m/s2 to 8 m/s2 in 10 seconds. What is its acceleration?

Class Test Form 2

(a) What do you understand by

(i) volume, (ii) mass?
(b) Name an instrument to measure
(i) mass (ii) volume of liquid.
(c) Define density.
(d) Write a formula to calculate density.

2) Fill in the table

Mass Volume Density

(g) (cm3) (g/cm3)
Gold 133 7
iron 2 8
mercury 14 14

3) (i) Why object A floats in water?

(ii) Which is denser object A or object B? A

water

B
Form 2 Class Test 2 (13 marks)
1) (a) Give five examples of natural resources. [5]
(b) Give three reasons why we should conserve our natural resources. [3]
(c) List 5 ways of conserving our natural resources. [5]

1) The speed-time
speedgraph below represents the motion of a car. Describe the motion of the car
during (i) OA (ii) AB (iii) BC

A B

C time
O

2) The graph below shows how the speed of a car is changing with time:

Use the information given on the graph to determine:

(a) the initial speed of the car, (b) the final speed of the car, (c) the maximum speed of the
car, (d) the acceleration during the first 5 Speed (m/s)
s, (e) the acceleration between 5 s and 10
s, (f) the distance travelled when the car is
moving at a constant speed, (g) the total
distance travelled, (h) the average speed.
105
3) The table shows how distance travelled
by car changes with time:
time/s 0 1 2 3 4 5
Distance/m 0 5 10 15 20 25
0 5 10 time (s)
a) Use the data in the table to sketch a
distance time graph.
b) Use the graph to find the average speed.

2nd Term Test 1 Form 4

1(a) Define density

(b) The density of air is 1.25 kg/m3. What is the mass of air in a room of size 6 m by 5 m by 3
m?
(c) A measuring cylinder contains 1000 cm3 of water. A stone of mass 70 g is lowered into
the cylinder. The density of the stone is 7 g/ cm3. What is the new reading on the measuring
cylinder?

2) (a) Define moment of a force.

(b) What is meant by centre of mass?
(c) Mark with arrows and label all forces on the stool.

3) (a) Calculate the force F needed to keep the uniform metre rule in balance.

0cm 30cm 50cm 60 cm 100cm

1N F
8N

(b) Suggest why it is not necessary to know the mass of the metre rule in your calculation.

4) Find the weight of the uniform metre rule if a force of 2.4 N keeps the rule in balance.

5 cm 20 cm

2.4 N

3N
40
TEST L6

1) (a) Define torque of a couple.

(b) The rod is 25 cm long. Find the torque of the couple on the rod.
(c) State the two conditions necessary for a body to be in equilibrium. 40
3N
(d) A uniform rod AB of weight 10 N is freely hinged to a wall at A. It is held horizontally by
a force F acting from B at an angle of 30 to the F
horizontal.
wall 30

A B
(i) Copy the diagram and draw on arrows on it to show all forces acting on the rod AB
(ii) Find the value of F.

2) (a) Define angular velocity.

(b) An aircraft of mass 1.0  104 kg is travelling at a constant speed of 0.2 kms-1in a
horizontal circle of radius 1.5 km.
(i) Calculate 1. its angular velocity, 2. its centripetal acceleration
(ii) Explain why a force is exerted on a passenger by the aircraft. In what direction does this
force act?

3) (a) State Newton’s law of Gravitation.

(b) What is meant by (i) gravitational field strength, (ii) gravitational potential?
(c) The mass of the Earth is 5.98  1024 kg and its mean radius is 6.37  106 m.
(i) Use Newton’s law of gravitation to calculate the gravitational force on a 1.00 kg mass on
the surface of the Earth. Assume that the Earth acts as a point mass.
(ii) State the value of the Earth’s gravitational field strength at its surface.
(iii) Calculate the difference in the gravitational potential between the surface of the Earth
and a point 800 m above the surface.
Form 5

1) (a) Sound waves are longitudinal waves. When they travel through air they produce
moving compressions and rarefactions. Explain the meaning of the terms in italics.
(c) A ship sends a sound wave straight to the sea bed. It receives an echo 1.2s later.
State an approximate value for the speed of sound in water. Hence estimate the depth of
the sea at this position.

2) (a) State the approximate range of audible frequencies for a young person.
(b) What is ultrasound?
(c) What determines the following characteristics of a musical note?
(i) pitch, (ii) loudness, (iii) quality?

3) The diagram below represents part of the EM spectrum

radio waves P visible light Q X-rays

(i) Name radiations P and Q. (ii) State one property that P and Q have in common.
(iii) State one difference between P and Q, (iv) State two uses of X-rays.
(v) How to detect radiations P and Q
(vi) Calculate the wavelength of X-rays of frequency 31018Hz.
Test F 4

1) (a) Define pressure.

gas
(b) Atmospheric pressure = 76 cmHg
12 cm
What is the pressure in cmHg of the gas?

mercury
(c) Draw a labeled diagram of a simple mercury barometer. State how such a barometer may
be used to obtain a value for atmospheric pressure.

(d) Atmospheric pressure is 1.0 ´ 105 Pa. Density of water is 1000 kg/m3.
Calculate the total pressure at 50 m below the surface of water in a lake.

2) (a) Calculate liquid

(i) pressure exerted on liquid by small piston
150N piston
(ii) pressure exerted on large piston.
(iii) force exerted on large piston.
(b) Why the liquid should not contain bubbles of
air. small piston
25 cm2
large piston
60 cm2

3) (a) Calculate the value of P if the temperature of

air in the cylinder does not change.

(b) Use kinetic theory of matter to explain how a 105 Pa

gas exerts a pressure on the walls of the cylinder. 12 cm3 P cylinder
8 cm3 air

2nd TERM FORM 4 TEST 3 (15 MARKS)

1) Fill in the table with suitable words:

SOLID LIQUID GASES

…………… incompressible ……………

fixed volume …………… ……………

…………… no fixed shape ……………

 strong bonds …………… ……………

…………… …………… flow easily

2) Describe the movement of the molecules in the (i) solid (ii) liquid (iii) gas.

2nd Term 2014 PHYSICS Form 3 Class Test 1 (20 MARKS)

1(a) What do you understand by refraction of light?

(b) Draw the refracted ray in water.

air

water

2) (a) What is a scalar? Give an example.

(b) What is a vector? Give an example.
(c) Define acceleration.

3) A boy walks 12 m to the right and then 8 m to the

left in 5 seconds. Calculate (i) distance travelled, (ii) displacement, (iii) average speed, (iv)
velocity.

4) The velocity of a car changes from 3m/s2 to 8 m/s2 in 10 seconds. What is its acceleration?

FORM 3 CLASS TEST 2 (30 marks)

1) The speed-time graph below represents the motion of a car. Describe the motion of the car
during (i) OA (ii) AB (iii) BC

speed

A B

C time
O
2) The graph below shows how the speed of a Speed (m/s)
car is changing with time:

Use the information given on the graph to

determine:
(a) the initial speed of the car, (b) the final 105
speed of the car, (c) the maximum speed of
the car, (d) the acceleration during the first 5
s, (e) the acceleration between 5 s and 10 s, (f)
the distance travelled when the car is moving
at a constant speed, (g) the total distance
0 5 10 time (s)
travelled, (h) the average speed.

3) The table shows how distance travelled by car changes with time:
time/s 0 1 2 3 4 5
Distance/m 0 5 10 15 20 25

a) Use the data in the table to sketch a distance time graph.

b) Use the graph to find the average speed.

2nd Term PHYSICS L6 Class Test 1 (20 MARKS)

1) (a) Define (i) work, (ii) power, (iii) efficiency.

(b) An object is pushed 10 m along a horizontal surface by a force of 80 N. The frictional
force opposing the motion is 60 N. How much of the work done is converted into thermal
energy and how much into k.e of the object?

2) A mass of 150 kg is released from rest at A A D

and moves along a frictionless track.

C
60m
60m

20m
 B

(a) Calculate (i) its maximum k.e, (ii) its maximum velocity, (iii) its velocity at C.
(b) Explain what happens when it reaches D.

3) (a) A power station has an efficiency of 40 % and generates 1000 MW of electrical power.
What is the input power and the wasted power?

(b) A car of mass 1200 kg has an engine which can deliver a power of 90 kW. Find the
minimum time in which the car would accelerate from rest to 30 ms-1.

2nd Term PHYSICS L6 TEST 2 (30 MARKS) 3N

40
1) (a) Define torque of a couple.
(b) The rod is 25 cm long. Find the torque of the couple on the rod.
(c) State the two conditions necessary for a body to be in equilibrium.
40
(d) A uniform rod AB of weight 10 N is freely hinged to a wall at A. It is held horizontally by 3N
a force F acting from B at an angle of 30 to the F
horizontal.
(i) Copy the diagram and draw on arrows on it to wall
show all forces acting on the rod AB 30
(ii) Find the value of F. A B
2) (a) Define angular velocity.
(b) An aircraft of mass 1.0  104 kg is travelling at a constant speed of 0.2 kms-1in a
horizontal circle of radius 1.5 km.
(i) Calculate 1. its angular velocity, 2. its centripetal acceleration
(ii) Explain why a force is exerted on a passenger by the aircraft. In what direction does this
force act?

3) (a) State Newton’s law of Gravitation.

(b) What is meant by (i) gravitational field strength, (ii) gravitational potential?
(c) The mass of the Earth is 5.98  1024 kg and its mean radius is 6.37  106 m.
(i) Use Newton’s law of gravitation to calculate the gravitational force on a 1.00 kg mass on
the surface of the Earth. Assume that the Earth acts as a point mass.
(ii) State the value of the Earth’s gravitational field strength at its surface.
(iii) Calculate the difference in the gravitational potential between the surface of the Earth
and a point 800 m above the surface.

PHYSICS L6 TEST 2: Practical paper Nov 05 paper 5

2nd Term PHYSICS F4 TEST 1 (20 MARKS)

1(a) Define density

(b) The density of air is 1.25 kg/m3. What is the mass of air in a room of size 6 m by 5 m by 3
m?
(c) A measuring cylinder contains 100 cm3 of water. A stone of mass 70 g is lowered into the
cylinder. The density of the stone is 7 g/ cm3. What is the new reading on the measuring
cylinder?

2) (a) Define moment of a force.

(b) What is meant by centre of mass?
(c) Mark with arrows and label all forces on the stool.

3) (a) Calculate the force F needed to keep the uniform metre rule in balance.

0cm 30cm 50cm 60 cm 100cm

1N F
8N

(b) Suggest why it is not necessary to know the mass of the metre rule in your calculation.

4) Find the weight of the uniform metre rule if a force of 2.4 N keeps the rule in balance.

5 cm 20 cm

2.4 N

2nd Term PHYSICS F4 TEST 2 (25 MARKS)

1) (a) Define pressure.

gas
(b) Atmospheric pressure = 76 cmHg

What is the pressure in cmHg of the gas? 12 cm

(c) Draw a labeled diagram of a simple mercury barometer.

State how such a barometer may be used to obtain a value mercury
for atmospheric pressure.
(d) Atmospheric pressure is 1.0 ´ 105 Pa. Density of water is 1000 kg/m3.
Calculate the total pressure at 50 m below the surface of water in a lake.
2) (a) Calculate

(i) pressure exerted on liquid by small piston liquid

(ii) pressure exerted on large piston.
150N piston
(iii) force exerted on large piston.
(b) Why the liquid should not contain bubbles of
air.
small piston
25 cm2
large piston
60 cm2
3) (a) Calculate the value of P if the temperature of air in
the cylinder does not change.

(b) Use kinetic theory of matter to explain how a gas exerts 105 Pa
P cylind
a pressure on the walls of the cylinder. 12 cm3
air
8 cm3

2nd Term PHYSICS F4 TEST 3 (15 MARKS)

1) Fill in the table with suitable words:

SOLID LIQUID GASES

…………… incompressible ……………

fixed volume …………… ……………

…………… no fixed shape ……………

strong bonds …………… ……………

…………… …………… flow easily

2) Describe the movement of the molecules in the (i) solid (ii) liquid (iii) gas.

2nd Term PHYSICS Form 2 Class Test 1 (20 MARKS)

(a) What do you understand by (i) volume, (ii) mass?

(b) Name an instrument to measure (i) mass (ii) volume of liquid.
(c) Define density.
(d) Write a formula to calculate density.

2) Fill in the table

Mass Volume Density
(g) (cm3) (g/cm3)
Gold 133 7
iron 2 8
 mercury 14 14

3) (i) Why object A floats in water?

A
(ii) Which is denser object A or object B?

water

PHYSICS Form 2 Class Test 2 (13 marks)

B
1) (a) Give five examples of natural resources. [5]
(b) Give three reasons why we should conserve our natural resources. [3]
(c) List 5 ways of conserving our natural resources. [5]

Physics Form 5 Test 1 (25 marks)

1) (a) A ripple tank is used to demonstrate the reflection of water waves.

(i) Draw a labelled diagram of a ripple tank. [2]
(ii) Draw a diagram showing the reflection of waves from a plane barrier in a ripple tank. [2]
(b) The diagram shows a water wave passing a floating log. The log is stationary.

The log is 6.0 m long and 5 complete waves take 10 seconds to pass point A.

Determine
(i) the wavelength of the water waves, [1]
(ii) the frequency of the water waves, [2]
(iii) the speed of the water waves. [2]

2) The figure shows the

construction of a simple a.c.
generator. When the coil is
rotated an e.m.f. is induced in
the coil.

(a) Explain why an e.m.f. is

induced.[2]
(b) State the purpose of the slip
rings.[ 1]
(c) The direction of the current in the coil can be found from Lenz’s law. State Lenz’s law.
[1]
(d) The induced e.m.f. can be increased by rotating the coil faster. State one other way in
which the e.m.f. can be increased. [1]

3) The figure shows high voltage cables used to transmit electrical energy.

Fig. 8.1

(a) State the purpose of transformer B. [1]

(b) In the space below, draw a labelled diagram to show the

structure of transformer B. [3]
(c) (i) Explain why high voltages are used to transmit
electrical power.[2]
(ii) The figure shows how the loss of thermal energy from
a cable varies with the thickness of the cable.
Explain why the loss of thermal energy is less if the cable is
thicker.

Physics Form 5 Test 2 (25 marks)

1) (a) Describe how sound waves travel. [2]

(b) A ship sends a sound wave straight to the sea bed. It receives an echo 1.2s later.
State an approximate value for the speed of sound in water. Hence estimate the depth of
the sea at this position. [3]

2) (a) State the approximate range of audible frequencies for a young person. [1]
(b) What is ultrasound? [1]
(c) What determines the following characteristics of a musical note?
(i) pitch, (ii) loudness, (iii) quality? [3]

3) Describe an experiment to measure the speed of sound in air.

In your account,
1) list all the apparatus you would use
2) describe how the experiment is performed.
3) state the readings that are taken
4) show how the readings are used to calculate the speed of sound
5) state a precaution you would take to obtain accurate result.
[10]
4) The diagram below represents part of the EM spectrum

radio waves P visible light Q X-rays

 (a) Name radiations P and Q.
(b) State one property that P and Q have in common.
(c) State one difference between P and Q
(d) State two uses of X-rays
(e) How to detect radiations P and Q
(f) Calculate the wavelength of X-rays of frequency 31018Hz.

FORM 4

1 (a) Calculate the k.e of a body of mass 2.0 kg moving at a speed of 40 ms-1.

(b) A 40 W electric bulb is turned on for 5 minutes. Calculate the amount of electrical energy
used.

(c) An object of mass 4 kg is released from rest at a height of 5 m above the ground.
Calculate its
(i) g.p.e at 5m above the ground,
(ii) speed at which the object hits the ground.

(d) A crane lifts a load of 1000N through a vertical height of 3m in 8s. The input power to the
crane is 500W. Calculate (i) the work done, (ii) the useful output power, (iii) the efficiency of
the crane.

(e) 1 g of matter is totally converted into energy. How much energy is released?
Take c = 3´108 m/s

2 (a) Explain how to calibrate a thermometer.

(b) In a thermometer, the length of its mercury column is 5 cm at ice point and 30 cm at
steam point. What is the temperature when the length of the mercury column is 17 cm?

(c) State one advantage of using a thermocouple rather than a liquid-in-glass laboratory
thermometer.

3 The figure shows a liquid-in-glass thermometer.

36 cm

-10 C 110 C
(a) What is the (i) range, (ii) sensitivity of the thermometer?
(b) State a way to increase (i) range (ii) sensitivity of the thermometer.
(c) What is meant by a linear scale?

TEST FORM 2

1 (a) What is a luminous object?

(b) Why the moon is called a non-luminous object?
(c) Why shadows are formed?
(d) State and draw two types of reflection
(e) State two characteristics of images formed in a plane mirror.

2 (a) Label the lines (i) OA, (ii) ON, (iii) OB

(b) What is the (i) angle of incidence, (c) the angle of reflection?
N

A B

35

.
3 Give three main technologies that have changed our lives for the past decades.

FORM 3Take g = 10 N/kg. Write down any formula you used.

1(a) Define (i) power (ii) energy.

(b) Name the unit of energy.
(c) Calculate the work done.
4m

25 N
W =F × d=25 ×4=100 J
(d) What do you understand by an electric bell of ‘100W’?

100 W means 100 J of electrical energy converted into sound in 1 second.

2 Calculate the
 (a) gain in potential energy, (b) kinetic energy of the ball,

3m/s

12 kg
5m
\

3 kg
v
P . E=mgh=3 ×10 × 5=150 J
1 1 1
K . E= m v 2= ×12 ×32 = × 12× 3 ×3=54 J
2 2 2

3 Find speed if k.E = 75 kJ and mass = 60 kg.

75 kJ =75000 J
1
K . E= m v 2
2
1
75000= × 60 ×v 2
2
75000=30× v 2

75000
v 2= =2500
30
v=√ 2500=50 m/s

LOWER 6

1 (a) What is meant by an ideal gas?

(b) List 3 simplifying assumptions to obtain the kinetic theory of ideal gas equation
1
p= ρ ⟨ c 2 ⟩ .
3

(c) State the meaning of the symbol ⟨ c 2 ⟩ .

(d) Use the equation of state of an ideal gas and the kinetic theory equation to derive an
expression for the root-mean-square (r.m.s) speed of the molecules of a gas in terms of the
molar mass M, the temperature T and the molar gas constant R.
2) A cylinder of volume 2.00 ´ 10-3 m3 contains a gas at a pressure of 1.50 MNm-2 and at a
temperature of 300 K. Calculate (a) the number of moles of the gas, (b) the mass of one
molecule of the gas.

3) (a) Calculate the r.m.s speed of air molecules in a container in which the pressure is 1.0 ´
105 Pa and the density of air is 1.3 kgm-3.

(b) Calculate the temperature at which the r.m.s speed of oxygen molecules is twice as great
as their r.m.s speed at 27 °C.

4) A vessel contains 5 g of helium, molar mass 4 g, at 27 °C and 1.5 ´ 105 Pa pressure.

Calculate (i) the kinetic energy of the gas, (ii) the root-mean-square speed of the molecules,
(iii) the number of molecules per unit volume present.

5) (a) Two bodies are in thermal equilibrium. What does this statement mean?

(b) State why the thermodynamic scale of temperature is called an absolute scale.

(c) Suggest a suitable thermometer for measuring

(i) the boiling point of oxygen
(ii) a rapidly changing temperature.
Test Form IV

specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J/kg°C;

specific heat capacity of ice = 2100 J/kg°C
specific latent heat of fusion of ice = 336 000 J/kg
specific latent heat of vaporisation of water = 2260000 J/kg

1) Describe how thermal energy is transferred by (i) conduction, (ii) convection, (iii)
radiation.

2) A 2 kW electric kettle takes 5 minutes to heat 2 Kg of water from 30 °C to 100 °C.

(a) Calculate a value for the specific heat capacity of water.
(b) State one source of error in the determination of the specific heat capacity.

3) 160g of molten silver at its melting point, 960°C, is allowed to solidify at the same
temperature and gives out 16800J of heat. Find the specific latent heat of fusion of silver?

4) Calculate the amount of heat needed to change 1.5 kg of water at 24 °C to steam at

100 °C.

5) A refrigerator can convert 400 g of water at 20 °C to ice at -10 °C in 3 hours. Find the
average rate of heat extraction from the water in J/s

Lower 6

1 (a) Define simple harmonic motion

(b) The graph shows how the displacement of an object undergoing simple harmonic motion
varies with time.
displacement/m

0.15

time/s
0 2 4 8 10

-0.15

Deduce, from the numerical values given on the graph, the values for this simple
harmonic motion of (i) the amplitude, (ii) the period, (iii) the frequency, (iv) the angular
frequency, (v) the maximum acceleration, (vi) the phase difference between the
displacement and velocity. Sketch the variation with time of the velocity of the object.

2) A mass of 100 g oscillates vertically with SHM at the end of a spring and its k.e Ek
varies with displacement x as shown in the diagram:

Ek/J

0.2

0.1

Use data from the

-5.0 0 +5.0 x/cm graph to determine
(a) maximum
velocity and
maximum acceleration of the mass, (b) spring constant of the spring, (c) displacement of
the mass at which total energy of the mass-spring system is half k.e and half p.e.

Form 2

(a) What produces sound?

(b) What is meant by frequency?
(c) Sound cannot travel in ........................ because there are no.........................
(d) Speed of sound in liquids is ....................than in solids but ..................than in gases.
(e) Speed of sound in air is about......................m/s
(f) What is an echo?
(g) Give two uses of echolocation.
(h) What is the range of hearing for humans?