Tle108.1 Agri-Fishery Arts: Fishing Gears and Their Operations
Tle108.1 Agri-Fishery Arts: Fishing Gears and Their Operations
Tle108.1 Agri-Fishery Arts: Fishing Gears and Their Operations
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Net is a principal method of commercial fishing and it is the most common form of fishing.
Hook and Line Fishing Different fishing methods are based on the use of fish hooks; longlining, trolling and various
forms of handlining such as jigging. The general catching principle of hook fishing is to attract the fish to the hook and
entice the fish to bite and/or swallow the hook so that the fish becomes hooked and retained.
Pots As with longlining, Pots are normally set Pots are most widely
pot fishing is on the bottom, either used to catch
normally based on as single pots with a different
attracting target buoy line to the crustaceans, like
surface or in strings
organisms by bait crabs, lobsters and
of several pots
(chemical stimuli). connected to a main
shrimps. Pots are
When attracted to line at certain also used for
the pot, the target intervals. Pot gear is catching different
organism must usually soaked species of finfish like
enter the pot to gain overnight, but longer sablefish, tusk and
access to the bait. soak times may be cod in temperate
This can be done used in certain waters and reef fish
through one or fisheries. The such as groupers in
several entrances operation cycle is tropical waters.
(funnels) of the pot. similar to that of Other species that
longlining, with
are caught with pots
baiting, setting,
fishing and retrieval.
are whelks and
The bait is either octopus.
freely suspended in
the middle of the pot,
or put in perforated
bait containers to
prevent it from being
eaten by scavengers.
As in longlining,
different pelagic
species like sardines,
herring and mackerel
are typically used for
pot bait, but most
kinds of fish and
mussels etc. may be
used.
Fishers have to guide the gear into the path of the fish.
Seine nets Seine netting The seine net was The seine net is still
(including two originally commonly used to
variations known as constructed for the catch different
Danish seining and capture of flatfish flatfishes such as
Scottish seining) on soft and smooth plaice and sole, but
can be described as bottoms and has in recent years
a combination of operated as become an
trawling and seining described above. In important gear also
(see below). When later years this gear for cod and other
setting the gear, the has also been demersal target
first warp (rope) is developed to be species.
attached to an operated on
anchor with a rougher bottoms
surface buoy and in the pelagic
(Danish seining) or zone. A more
a buoy only recent mode of
(Scottish seining) operation is for
and set in a instance used on
semicircle. mid-water shoals of
cod
Beach The operation of As the name Beach seines catch
seines beach seines is indicates, the a variety of inshore
based on encircling beach seine is fish species, both
fish schools by a operated from the demersal and
netting wall, made of beach - using the pelagic.
webbing where the beach as an
meshes are so small additional barrier in
that the target the catching
species does not get process. The gear
entangled. is normally
operated from a
small vessel. First,
one of the end
warps is paid out
perpendicular to the
beach. Then the
seine is set parallel
to the beach and
the second end
warp is taken back
to the beach.
Purse The purse seine is The purse seine is Purse seine fishing
seines used to encircle fish always operated is used almost
schools in mid- from a vessel, exclusively for
water, close to the varying in size from pelagic fish like
surface, by a netting small coastal purse herrings, sardines,
wall with small seiners of 15m in sardines, anchovies,
meshes. The lower length to large mackerels and
part of the net is ocean going purse tunas
then closed to seiners as large as
prevent escapement 100m length. When
by diving. a fish school has
been located, the
catching operation
starts by dropping a
surface buoy with a
line connected to
the end of the
seine. As the
vessel moves
forward, the drag
from the buoy line
will pull the purse
seine overboard
and the seine is
paid out in a circle
around the fish
school.