Chatbot Report 110
Chatbot Report 110
Chatbot Report 110
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INTRODUCTION
1.1 Topic introduction
Chat has become the center of focus in this current era, thus the bots are being utilized to
deliver information engagingly and conveniently. A chatbot is standout amongst the most
progressive and promising tools of communication among people and machines. Famous
chatbots like Google Assistant, Amazon Alexa, Siri, Facebook, Slack, and many more are in
trend. These are very much helpful, but in this era of enhancing technology, day by day
technology gets updated, and accordingly, user expectations also increase. A user wants more
automation in the chatbot. Although every system is not perfect there is always a flaw in the
system, so as in the chatbot there are some problems that the user has experienced while
using a chatbot. Chatbot can be described as an answering system where a system will be
able to answer questions or statements submitted by users and allow users to control over the
content to be displayed. A bot is trained on and according to the training, based on some rules
on which it is trained, it answers questions. It is called ruled based approach. Using these
ruled based approach, creation of these bots becomes relatively straight forward. But it is not
sufficient for the bot to answer questions whose pattern does not match with the rules on
which it is trained. The language by which these bots can be created are Artificial Intelligence
Markup Language(AIML). It is a language based on XML which allows the developer to
write the rules which bot will follow.
Chatbots play a key role as human- computer interfaces. It’s a software that simulates typed
conversation, with the agenda of temporarily luring the human into thinking they were talking
to another human. Chatbot, basically acts as a conversational agent that can talk to any user in
given field using the Natural Language Processing. According to World Health Organization
(WHO), stress is the major cause of mental disorder throughout the world, posing threats to
over 300 million each year globally. With a rapid increase in the need for additional
assistance, the bot aims to create an environment that is less automated and more
conversational. Thus to overcome this stress, the chatbot provides insights and provides
positive responses through cognitive-behavioural therapy.
A chatbot can communicate with a real person behaving like a human. A chatbot is merely a
computer program that fundamentally simulates human conversations. It allows a form of
interaction between a human and a machine the communication, which happens via messages
or voice command.
A chatbot is programmed to work independently from a human operator. It can answer
questions formulated to it in natural language and respond like a real person. A chatbot is like
a normal application. There is an app layer, a database and APIs to call other external
administrations. Users can easily access chatbots, it adds intricacy for the application to
handle.
However, there is a common problem that must be tackled. It can’t comprehend the plan of
the customer. At the moment, bots are trained according to the past information available to
them. So, most organizations have a chatbot that maintains logs of discussions. Developers
utilize these logs to analyze what clients are trying to ask. With a blend of machine learning
tools and models, developers coordinate client inquiries and reply with the best appropriate
answer. For example, if any customer is asking about payments and receipts, such as, “where
is my product payment receipt?” and “I haven’t received a payment receipt?”, both sentences
are taken to have the same meaning.
If there is no comprehensive data available, then different APIs can be utilized to train the
chatbot.
Training a chatbot :
Training a chatbot occurs at a considerably faster and larger scale than human education.
While normal customer service representatives are given a manual instruction which they
must be thorough with, a customer support chatbot is nourished with a large number of
conversation logs, and from those logs, the chatbot can understand what type of question
needs, what kind of answers.
2. Casper: Helping Insomniacs Get through the Night: If you suffer from insomnia, you’ll
know that the feeling of almost suffocating loneliness – the idea that everyone else in the
world is resting peacefully while your own mind betrays you with worries and doubts – is
among the worst parts of not being able to sleep. Enter Casper’s amazingly named In
somnobot 3000 (which truly is one of the most tongue in cheek, retro-futuristic names for a
chatbot I’ve ever come across), a conversational agent that aims to give insomniacs someone
to talk to while the rest of the world rests easy. At this point, In somnobot 3000 is a little
rudimentary. The responses offered by the agent aren’t quite right. But I’m not sure whether
chatting with a bot would help me sleep, but at least it’d stop me from scrolling through the
never-ending horrors of my Twitter timeline at 4 a.m.
4. Med What: Making Medical Diagnoses Faster :If you’re the kind of person who has
WebMD bookmarked, it might be worth checking out Med What. This chatbot aims to make
medical diagnoses faster, easier, and more transparent for both patients and physicians –
think of it like an intelligent version of WebMD that you can talk to. MedWhat is powered by
a sophisticated machine learning system that offers increasingly accurate responses to user
questions based on behaviours that it “learns” by interacting with human beings. In addition
to the evergrowing range of medical questions fielded by MedWhat, the bot also draws upon
vast volumes of medical research and peer-reviewed scientific papers to expand upon its
already considerable wealth of medical expertise. In many ways, MedWhat is much closer to
a virtual assistant (like Google Now) rather than a conversational agent. It also represents an
exciting field of chatbot development that pairs intelligent NLP systems with machine
learning technology to offer users an accurate and responsive experience.
5. ALICE: The Bot That Launched a Thousand. Other Bots : No list of innovative Chatbots
would be complete without mentioning ALICE, one of the very first bots to go online – and
one that’s held up incredibly well despite being developed and launched more than 20 years
ago. ALICE – which stands for Artificial Linguistic Internet Computer Entity, anacronym
that could have been lifted straight out of an episode of The XFiles – was developed and
launched by creator Dr. Richard Wallace way back in the dark days of the early Internet in
1995. (As you can see in the image above, the website’s aesthetic remains virtually
unchanged since that time, a powerful reminder of how far web design has come.), Despite
the fact that ALICE relies on such an old codebase, the bot offers users a remarkably accurate
conversational experience. Of course, no bot is perfect, especially one that’s old enough to
legally drink in the U.S. if only it had a physical form. ALICE, like many contemporary bots,
struggles with the nuances of some questions and returns a mixture of inadvertently
postmodern answers and statements that suggest ALICE has greater selfawareness for which
we might give the agent credit. For all its drawbacks, none of today’s chatbots would have
been possible without the ground breaking work of Dr.Wallace. Also, Wallace’s bot served as
the inspiration for the companion operating system in Spike Jonze’s 2013 science- fiction
romance movie, Her.
Chapter 2
System Analysis
2.1 Introduction
Intelligent enough to understand the patterns and put across answers that are appropriate
and relevant, chatbots have come a long way. With efficient chatbot development
practices, they can be made capable of literally engulfing and processing whatever
information comes their way. They learn and develop a predictive analytical capability
just like humans.
➢ Hardware Requirements :
✓ Processor : i3
✓ RAM : 4GB
✓ HDD : 250GB
➢ Software Requirements :
✓ IDE/Editor : VS code
✓ Programming language : Python
2.4 Functional requirements :
➢ Chating :
➢ Searching :
✓ The system should allow users to search for information about admissions.
✓ The system should allow users to search for information about tuition fees.
✓ The system should allow users to search for information about
accommodation.
➢ Logs :
✓ The system should maintain a log of the current question and answer if the
user is not satisfied.
➢ Feedback :
➢ Administrative System :
✓ The system shall maintain an easy to use interface across all functionality and
for all users
✓ The clients’ user interface should be compatible with all commonly used
browsers, such as Internet explorer, Firefox, Google chrome and Safari.
➢ Scalability :
✓ The system shall be able to scale based on the number of users using the
system.
➢ Security :
✓ The system should be able to interact with the Google spelling server, which
handles the spelling.
✓ The system should be able to interact with the Google search server, which is
used for the customized search on the admissions website.
➢ Portability :
✓ The system should run on a variety of operating systems that support the Java
language.
✓ The system should run on a variety of hardware.
➢ Maintainability :
➢ Exception Handling :
➢ Ethics :
✓ The system shall not store or process any information about its users.
2.6 User requirements :
➢ Complex Dialogues :
✓ The best chatbots have advanced conversation features and can proactively
search for information and ask clarifying questions even if the conversation
is not linear.
➢ Economic Feasibility.
➢ Technical Feasibility.
➢ Operational Feasibility.
➢ Social Feasibility.
➢ Schedule Feasibility.
Chapter 3
System Design
3.1 Introduction
A chatbot is a human-computer dialog system via natural language. Hence a human having a
The chatbot must be able to have a dialog and understand the user; you could describe this is a
function of comprehension.
This comprehension include intent and entity recognition. Intents can be seen as verbs and
entities as nouns.
Text based bots have in the very least a Natural Language Understanding (NLU) component.
Where as a voice bot demands an initial speech recognition layer (speech to text) and a final
All intelligence is not vested within the NLU capabilities. Bots must have access to an external
base of knowledge and common sense via API’s; such that it can provide the function of
Lastly the embodied agent should provide a very functional presence. Ironically these digital
agent did not exist up until recently and once regarded as very optional. Now this function
➢ ALICE
➢ Siri
Siri was developed by Apple. Siri is a computer program that works as a virtual personal
assistant and knowledge navigator. The feature uses a natural language user interface to
answer questions, give suggestions, and perform actions by using a set of Web services. The
software adapts to the user's individual language usage and individual searches with
continuous use, and returns results that are personalized. Siri was originally introduced as an
iOS application available in the App Store by Siri, Inc., which was acquired by Apple on
April 28, 2010. Siri has been an integral part of iOS since iOS 5 and was introduced as a
feature of the iPhone 4S on October 14, 2011 . Siri evaluates your speech locally on your
device. A recognizer installed on your phone communicates with a server in the cloud to
determine whether the query can be best handled with the information in its databases or if it
must connect to the network for an advanced search
3.3 Proposed System:
We propose a system which will work as an application and give users information about
different kinds of sports present in the world. This application will work using a pattern
matching algorithm using depth first search (DFS). It will also convert user’s queries from
speech to text using a speech-to-text converter and back to speech as an output to the user.
Firstly, the user will speak his/her query out loud; the application will convert this query from
speech into text. The system finds out what the user actually wants by retrieving the semantic
meaning of the query. Then the system will pass on this semantic text as input to the pattern
matching algorithm. The pattern matching system will make use of knowledge that is already
fed into the databases in order to generate a response. Once this response is generated we will
convert it back into speech and the application will read the content out.
Testing
4.1 Unit Testing :