Catalogo Aditivos Afcona

Additives For Coatings Or New Applications
AFCONA Additives Product List
Where technology and

quality meet perfection
AFCONA Additives
Version 7
September 2018
www.afcona.com.my
AFCONA Malaysia
AFCONA China
AFCONA Holland
AFCONA USA
Table Of Contents
Solvent-based application
1) 1000 Series – Universal resins for pigment concentrates 2-3

2) 2000 Series – Non-silicone-based defoamers and deaerators 2-3
3) 2000 Series – Silicone-based defoamers and deaerators 4-5
2000 Series - Defoamer 6-7
4) 3000 Series – Organically modified polysiloxane-based slip and levelling agents 8-9
3000 Series - Surface tension 10-12
3000 Series - AFCONA-3280 Performance 13
5) 3000 Series – Non-silicone based levelling agent 14-15
7) 4000 Series – High-Molecular-Weight Dispersing agent –
First-generation polyurethane types 16-17
8) 4000 Series – High-Molecular-Weight Dispersing agent –
Newest-generation polyurethanes type & polyacrylate
High-Molecular-Weight Dispersing agents
- Based on Controlled Free Radical Polymerisation 18-19
High-Molecular-Weight Dispersant properties and performance 18-19
4000 Series - Dispersant selection 20-21
9) 5000 Series – Conventional wetting and dispersing agent 22-23
10) 6000 Series – Miscellaneous products 24-25
6000 Series - Performance AFCONA-6745 26-27
11) Guide formulation AFCONA-4071 and AFCONA-6226 28-29
Water-based application
1) 1000 Series – Universal resins for pigment concentrates 30-31

2) 2000 Series – Silicone-based defoamers and deaerators 30-31
3) 3000 Series – Organically modified polysiloxane based slip and levelling agents 32-33
4) 4000 Series – High-Molecular-Weight Dispersing agents - Polyacrylic and polyurethane 34-35
5) Performance test of AFCONA-4595 against competitor’s product 36-37
6) 5000 Series – Conventional wetting and dispersing agents 38-39
7) 6000 Series – Miscellaneous products 38-39
Appendix - Product Selection Guide 42-43

Additives for solvent-based systems
1000 Series – Universal resins for pigment concentrates

Product Name Properties
Universal dispersing resin for pigment concentrates. Must be combined with a High-Molecular-Weight Dispersant from
AFCONA-1101 the AFCONA-4000 series or with AFCONA-5280. Compatible with most of the resin systems such as polyurethane,
alkyd melamine, acrylic melamine, polyester melamine (butylated and HMMM grade), acid curing, etc.
Cheaper version of AFCONA-1101. Gives stronger viscosity reduction in pigment concentrates and has better compatibility,
AFCONA-1102 especially in TPA and epoxy systems. Both contain primary OH-groups which may react in PU and baking paints.
Therefore it will not act as a hard resin or plasticizer.
2000 Series – Non-silicone-based defoamers and deaerators

AFCONA-2018 has very good compatibility and is extremely suitable for clear and high-gloss coatings.
AFCONA-2018
It is suitable for solvent-based wood finishes like: NC, Acid Curing and PU (except the acrylic based).
AFCONA-2020 is a very strong defoamer. It may cause some haziness in clear systems. It is widely used in NC and AC
AFCONA-2020 lacquer wood finishes especially applied by curtain coater. It is also suitable for cold cured epoxy as well as UPE’s like:
SMC, BMC and gel coats.
Moderate performance, good balance between defoaming and compatibility. Mainly recommended for wood coatings and
AFCONA-2021
high polar systems. Not suitable for acrylic based systems.
AFCONA-2024 A very strong defoamer and deaerator with better compatibility than AFCONA-2020 in PU, Epoxy and NC.
AFCONA-2050 A very strong defoamer and deaerator. Economical replacement for AFCONA-2020.
Recommended for brush, conventional and airless spray applications. Very suitable for pigmented and matted UV
AFCONA-2270
coatings, epoxies, polyurethanes and baking paints.
Non-silicone defoaming substance where it is designed for solvent containing and solvent-free systems of Epoxy,
AFCONA-2290
Polyurethane, UPE and UV coating. It has very good performance in defoaming and anti-foam.
AFCONA-2720 Mainly used in UPE’s, epoxies, polyester baking systems and UV coatings. Also suitable for coil and can coatings.
Very strong defoamer and deaerator. Suitable for high solid and high viscosity systems such as UPE, PU, Epoxy and
AFCONA-2725
PMMA flooring.
Anti-foam and deaeration agent for solvent containing and solvent-free systems of Epoxy, Polyurethane,
AFCONA-2754
coil coatings and wood coatings.
2
Solvent-based System
Air-drying Alkyd (medium and long oil)

Inds. Baking Paint (Al or Ac/Melamine)
Auto OEM (PE or Acrylic/Melamine)
Alkyd NC/Alkyd Amino(AC)
2K PU (Alkyd/PE OH Functional)
2K PU (Acrylic Polyol OH Functional)
2K PU (Acrylic OH Functional Solventless)
Unsaturated Polyester
Epoxy - Solvent-based
Epoxy - Solventless
CAB Polyester/Polyacrylic
Thermoplastic Acrylic (TPA)
Coil and Can Coating
Chlorinated Rubber
UV Curing System
Universal Pigment Concentrate
General indicator on recommendation
• - Highly recommended
• - Recommended
• - Can be used
Dosage
Active Inorganic Organic Flash 1000 Series
Chemical Ingredient pigment pigment Solvent
Point Product Name
Modified 4-5 times 3-5 times Butyl

Polyacrylic with 59~63% of solid of solid Acetate 24˚C • ••• • • AFCONA-1101
OH Group dispersant dispersant /MPA
Modified 4-5 times 3-5 times Butyl

Polyacrylic with 59~61% of solid of solid Acetate 24˚C • ••• • • AFCONA-1102
OH Group dispersant dispersant /MPA
Epoxy - Solventless
Chlorinated Rubber
UV Curing System
• - Recommended
• - Can be used
Dosage Flash 2000 Series

Chemical Solvent
(Based on total formulation) Point Product Name
Defoaming
Polymer
0.1~ 1.0% Xylene 25˚C •• • • AFCONA-2018
Modified
SBP Spirit
Polyvinyl 0.1~ 0.7%
140/165
30˚C •• ••••••• •• AFCONA-2020
Polymer
Defoaming
Polymer
0.1~ 1.0% Xylene 44˚C •• • •• • AFCONA-2021
Defoaming SBP
Polymer
0.1~ 1.0%
Spirit/MPA
25˚C •••••••••••• • AFCONA-2024
Defoaming SBP
Polymer
0.1~ 1.0%
Spirit/MPA
25˚C •••••••••••• • AFCONA-2050
Defoaming
Polymer
0.1~ 0.5% – > 100˚C •••••• • AFCONA-2270
Defoaming
Polymer
0.5~ 1.5% – > 100˚C •••••• • AFCONA-2290
Defoaming Alkylbenzene/
Polymer
0.2~ 1.0%
SBP Spirit
42˚C •• •• • •• AFCONA-2720
Defoaming
Polymer
0.5~ 1.5% SBP Spirit 42˚C ••••••• •• AFCONA-2725
Defoaming
Polymer
0.1~ 1.0% SBP Spirit 42˚C ••• ••• • • AFCONA-2754
3
2000 Series – Silicone-based defoamers and deaerators

Very strong defoamer and deaerator. Suitable for all solvent-based systems, especially PU and Baking paints.
AFCONA-2022
Also suitable for curtain coating applications.
Moderate defoamer, well balanced between defoaming and compatibility. Suitable for PU systems that are used in refinish,
AFCONA-2023
wood and industrial paints. Furthermore good for NC and AC wood coatings, air-drying long oil and medium oil alkyds.
Moderate defoamer, well balanced between defoaming and compatibility.

AFCONA-2025
Very wide application from low to high polar systems. Mainly for physical drying systems and air-drying alkyds.
AFCONA-2027 Developed for low and high polar printing ink applications such as offset, gravure, flexo and UV.
For all solvent-based applications especially curtain coating. Works as post-add additive to break the foam created during
AFCONA-2028
processing. Add slowly while stirring.
Universal defoamer for all systems from low to high polar, especially air-drying alkyds, physical drying systems, wood
AFCONA-2035
coatings, auto refinishes and general industrials. Moderate defoamer, well balanced between defoaming and compatibility.
The most compatible defoamer in AFCONA range. Recommended for clear coats. Best performance in PU, Epoxy, UV and
AFCONA-2038
UPE systems. Widely used in refinish topcoats clear, UV systems and wood coatings.
Same group as AFCONA-2035, with additional levelling properties.

AFCONA-2040
Recommended to test next to AFCONA-2035 because of different performances.
Very compatible defoamer with good defoaming effect. Particularly suitable for medium to high polar systems such as PU,
AFCONA-2045
Epoxy, TPA and UPE. Outstanding performance in PU systems.
Particularly suited for high gloss solvent-based wood finishes. Good compatibility. No unacceptable haze.
AFCONA-2048
Extremely suitable for brush applications where quick solvents evaporate and rapid defoaming is required.
AFCONA-2051 Strong defoamer for solvent-based applications. Specially developed for clear top coat applications.
AFCONA-2721 Defoamer dissolved in a reactive solvent (HEA). Recommended for UV coatings.
AFCONA-2722 Very strong defoamer and deaerator. Suitable for high solid & high viscosity systems, such as PU and Epoxy floorings.
Improved version of AFCONA-2720 for UPE systems. Better transparency and defoaming properties.
AFCONA-2723
Also suitable in PU and Epoxy floorings.
Anti-foam and deaeration agent for solvent containing and solvent-free systems such as Epoxy, Polyurethane,
AFCONA-2724
coil and wood coatings.
Very strong defoamer for high solid and high viscosity systems such as PU and Epoxy flooring.
AFCONA-2726
Additionally good levelling properties.
Stronger defoamer with easier incorporation than AFCONA-2726.

AFCONA-2727
Very good performance for Epoxy and PU, especially in the solventless types.
Very strong defoamer with reasonably good compatibility and clarity in high-gloss
AFCONA-2763
UV systems, epoxies, polyurethanes, baking paints and other high viscosity systems.
4

Epoxy - Solventless
Chlorinated Rubber
UV Curing System
• - Recommended
• - Can be used
Dosage Flash 2000 Series

Chemical Solvent
(Based on total formulation) Point Product Name
Modified
Polysiloxane
0.1~1.0%
Xy/MPA/
BAc/EAc 19˚C ••• ••• • AFCONA-2022
Modified
Polysiloxane
0.1~0.5% (0.2~0.4%)
MPA/
Alkylbenzene 42˚C • • ••• • • • AFCONA-2023
Fluorocarbon
Modified 0.1~1.0% (0.2~0.4%) Cyclohexanone 42˚C • •••••• ••• AFCONA-2025
Polysiloxane
Fluorocarbon
Modified 0.1~1.0% (0.2~0.4%) Ethyl Acetate -1˚C •••••• • AFCONA-2027
Polysiloxane
Modified
Polysiloxane
0.1~1.0% (0.2~0.4%)
Xy/MPA/
BAc/EAc 22˚C • •••• • AFCONA-2028
Fluorocarbon
Modified 0.1~1.0% (0.2~0.4%) DIBK 49˚C • •••• •• • AFCONA-2035
Polysiloxane
Modified
Polysiloxane
0.1~1.0% (0.2~0.4%)
Alkylbenzene/
MPA/Xylene 25˚C •••• •• • AFCONA-2038
Fluorocarbon
Modified 0.1~1.0% DIBK 49˚C •• ••••••••• •• AFCONA-2040
Polysiloxane
Modified
Polysiloxane
0.1~0.7%
Xylene/
Butylacetate 27˚C • •••• •• • • AFCONA-2045
Fluorocarbon
Modified 0.1~0.5% Cyclohexanone 42 ˚C • •••• AFCONA-2048
Polysiloxane
Modified
Polysiloxane
0.2~ 0.5% DIBK/MPA 42˚C •••••••••••• • AFCONA-2051
Modified
Polysiloxane
0.1~1.0% (0.2~0.5%)
2-ethylhexyl
acrylate 46 ˚C • AFCONA-2721
Modified
Polysiloxane
0.5~1.5%
Alkylbenzene/
MPA/Pine Oil 42 ˚C ••••• AFCONA-2722
Modified MPA/SBP/Spirit/
Polysiloxane
0.1~0.5% Alylbenzene/ 77 ˚C ••••• • AFCONA-2723
MIBK
Modified MPA/Alkyl
Polysiloxane
0.1~1.0% Benzene/MIBK/ 25˚C ••••• AFCONA-2724
Propylene Glycol
Modified
Polysiloxane
0.5~1.5% SBP Spirit 43 ˚C ••••••• AFCONA-2726
Modified
Polysiloxane
0.5~1.5% SBP Spirit >100 ˚C •••••• AFCONA-2727
Fluorocarbon
Modified 0.1~1.0% DIBK/MIBK 14 ˚C •• ••••••• • AFCONA-2763
Polysiloxane
5
2000 Series – Defoamer
Properties Defoamers Remark
Easy incorporation AFCONA-2038 AFCONA-2024 AFCONA-2038 is most easily incorporated,
AFCONA-2724 AFCONA-2051 followed by grades ranging sequence.
AFCONA-2050 AFCONA-2023
AFCONA-2018
Medium incorporation AFCONA-2035 AFCONA-2025 AFCONA-2035 is most easily incorporated,
(Need medium speed/shear force to followed by grades ranging sequence.
incorporate. For the incorporation
fluorocarbon containing grades, in-can AFCONA-2721 AFCONA-2763
transparency is much better than others.)
AFCONA-2021
Delicate incorporation AFCONA-2720 AFCONA-2722 AFCONA-2720 is most easily incorporated,
(Need high speed/shear force to incorporate. followed by grades ranging sequence.
Normally gives in-can haziness.)
Selection of a Defoamer
Testing in Skandex (Quick Test)
1) Mix the different defoamers into
the clear binder individually.
2) Shake for 3 minutes.
3) Observe the following phenomena below:
a. The foam level immediately from skandex;
the less foam sample represents better anti-foam.
b. Observe the movement of the foam from bottom to top;
faster movement represents better deaeration.
c. Observe the foam breaking speed;
faster foam breaking represents better defoaming.
6
Comparison test between AFCONA-2020 and AFCONA-2050
in PU acrylate with OH value at 2.5%
In-can clarity. Side view
0.2% AFCONA-2020 Control 0.2% AFCONA-2050
In-can clarity. Top view
The good transparency performance of

AFCONA-2050 only applicable to acrylate resin.
However acrylate resin varies from each
formulation.
For those very high polar acrylate resin,

slight haziness may occur.
For other resin systems. slight to medium

haziness may occur.
Defoaming performance
Control 0.2% AFCONA-2020 0.2% AFCONA-2050
Influence on levelling performance

Control 0.2% AFCONA-2020 0.2% AFCONA-2050
7
3000 Series – Organically modified polysiloxane based slip and levelling agents
Universal slip and levelling agent for all solvent-based and water-based systems.
AFCONA-3030*
Very effective in preventing Bénard cells and good anti-crater properties in PU. Provides moderate slip.
Suitable for solvent-based coatings. Has high, oily-feeling slip performance. Oily effect enhances build up appearance.
AFCONA-3031
Good for metal coatings, refinish and baking paints. Low inner bubble sensitivity in PU coatings.
High dry-feeling slip performance. Very good compatibility in all solvent-based systems. Very suitable for clear coatings.
AFCONA-3033
Mainly recommended for wood and plastic coatings and physical drying systems.
Fluorocarbon modified polysiloxane with strong surface tension reduction properties, excellent anti-crater properties,
AFCONA-3034*
substrate wetting and improved vertical levelling.
Specifically developed for UPE systems. Improves levelling and promotes a smoother surface to the coatings.
AFCONA-3035*
Furthermore suitable for UV coatings.
Combination of high boiling point solvents. Contains a small amount of very compatible polysiloxane.
AFCONA-3037
Promotes flow of the system and prevents solvent boiling problems that lead to pin holes.
Polysiloxane-based polymer with di-hydroxyl functional groups at both ends.
AFCONA-3085
Can be cross-linked in polyurethane systems as well as in baking paints. Very high slip and levelling performance.
One of the highest slip performances of AFCONA silicone-based levelling agents.
AFCONA-3230
Low foam stabilizing effect, very good compatibility and no influence on in-can transparency.
Supplied as 100% active additive. Strong slip combined with wet feel. For UV, metal coatings and baking paints.
AFCONA-3231*
Also for refinish as it enhances the build up appearance.
AFCONA-3232 100% active version of AFCONA-3033.
Supplied as 100% active additive. Universal slip and levelling agent for all solvent-based systems.
AFCONA-3233*
Anti-cratering, slip, and no Bénard cells.
Slip, levelling, and defoaming. For foam sensitive systems (PU, epoxy, coil coating).
AFCONA-3236
Slight in-can haziness in clears vs AFCONA-3238 and AFCONA-3239. High-temperature resistance (280°C).
Better defoaming in medium to high polar systems. Moderate slip, levelling and serious in-can haziness.
AFCONA-3238
For foam sensitive systems (PU, epoxy, wood coatings). Often selected for defoaming properties.
Defoaming > AFCONA-3236, < AFCONA-3238 in medium to high polar systems.
AFCONA-3239
For foam sensitive systems (PU, epoxy). Improves matting in UV coatings.
AFCONA-3250 Same family as AFCONA-3230, but overall more compatible.
AFCONA-3251 Improved version of AFCONA-3250, better levelling and anti-crater performances in PU and UV coatings.
Short-chain polysiloxane, will not influence intercoat adhesion.

AFCONA-3280
For baking paints based on alkyd-melamine, oil-free polyesters and thermoset acrylics. Improves hot water soak.
Polysiloxane polymer terminated with di-hydroxyl functional groups at both ends, enabling AFCONA-3285 to cross-link in
AFCONA-3285
polyurethane systems as well as in baking paints. Very high slip and levelling performance. 100% version of AFCONA-3085.
Reactive polysiloxane with methacrylate functionality, crosslinks into UV/EB systems. For coatings with permanent slip,
AFCONA-3835
anti-blocking and anti-scratch performance.
* Suitable for solvent-based and water-based coatings.
8

Epoxy - Solventless
Chlorinated Rubber
UV Curing System
• - Recommended
• - Can be used
Dosage Active Flash 3000 Series

Chemical Solvent
(Based on total formulation) Ingredient Point Product Name
Modified
Polyether 0.1~1.0% 50~54% Isobutanol 27˚C •• •• ••• •• •• AFCONA-3030*
Polysiloxane
Modified
Polyether 0.1~1.0% 50~54% Alkylbenzene 40˚C • •••••• •• •• AFCONA-3031
Polysiloxane
Modified
Polyether 0.1~1.0%
(0.2~0.5%) 14~16% Butyl Acetate 24˚C •• •• • • AFCONA-3033
Polysiloxane
Fluoro
Modified 0.05~0.5%
(0.05~0.2%) 50~54% Methoxy
propanol 32˚C •••• ••• •• •• AFCONA-3034*
Polysiloxane
Modified
Polyether 0.1~0.5% 100% PM solvent 32˚C •• • AFCONA-3035*
Polysiloxane
Blend of high
boiling point solvents 3~5% 100% High boiling
point solvents 42˚C •••••• • ••• AFCONA-3037
with silicone
Modified Ethylene glycol
Polyether 0.1~1.0% >93% monobutyl 32˚C • •••• AFCONA-3085
Polysiloxane ether
Modified
Polyether 0.05~0.5% >96% – >100˚C • ••••••• • AFCONA-3230
Polysiloxane
Modified
Polyether 0.05~0.5% >95% – >100˚C • • •••• •• •• AFCONA-3231
Polysiloxane
Modified
Polyether 0.05~0.5% >96% – >100˚C •••• • • AFCONA-3232
Polysiloxane
Modified
Polyalkyl 0.05~0.5% >96% – >100˚C •• •••• • • AFCONA-3233
Polysiloxane
Modified
Polyalkyl 0.05~0.5% >96% – >100˚C ••••••• • • AFCONA-3236
Polysiloxane
Modified
Polyalkyl 0.05~0.5% >92% – >100˚C •••• •• • AFCONA-3238
Polysiloxane
Modified
Polyether 0.05~0.5% >96% – >100˚C •••• •• • AFCONA-3239
Polysiloxane
Modified
Polyether 0.05~0.5% >92% – >100˚C ••••••••••• • AFCONA-3250
Polysiloxane
Modified
Polyether 0.05~0.5% >95% – >100˚C ••••••••••• • AFCONA-3251
Polysiloxane
Special
Modified 0.05~0.5% >96% – >100˚C ••••••••• • AFCONA-3280
Polysiloxane
Modified
Polyether 0.1~1.0% >96% – >100˚C • ••••• •• • AFCONA-3285
Polysiloxane
Methylacrylate
Modified 0.1~1.0% >95% – >100˚C • • AFCONA-3835
Polysiloxane
9
150
140 CONTROL
AFCONA-3670 (0.3%)
130 AFCONA-3700 (0.3%)
AFCONA-3777 (0.3%)
120 AFCONA-3779 (0.3%)
Surface tension in mN/m
110
100
90
0.3% of additives in epoxy solution
80
70
60
50
40
AFCONA-3779/CONTROL
AFCONA-3777/3670
30 AFCONA-3700
20
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24
Bubble life time in s
110
CONTROL
100 AFCONA-3670 (0.6%)
AFCONA-3700 (0.6%)
AFCONA-3777 (0.6%)
90 AFCONA-3779 (0.6%)
80
70
60
50
40
AFCONA-3779/CONTROL
AFCONA-3777/3670
30
AFCONA-3700
20
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24
10
80
AFCONA-3030 (0,2%)
75
AFCONA-3031 (0,2%)
70 AFCONA-3033 (0,2%)
AFCONA-3034 (0,2%)
65 AFCONA-3035 (0,2%)
AFCONA-3251 (0,2%)
60
CONTROL
55
50
45
40
CONTROL
35
AFCONA-3033
AFCONA-3035
30
AFCONA-3030/3031/3034
25 AFCONA-3251
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21
80
75 AFCONA-3236 (0,2%)
AFCONA-3238 (0,2%)
70 AFCONA-3239 (0,2%)
AFCONA-3280 (0,2%)
65 CONTROL
60
55
50
45
40
CONTROL
35
30 AFCONA-3239
AFCONA-3236
AFCONA-3238
AFCONA-3280
25
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21
11
80
CONTROL
75
AFCONA-3285 (0,2%)
70 AFCONA-3251 (0,2%)
AFCONA-3250 (0,2%)
65 AFCONA-3233 (0,2%)
AFCONA-3232 (0,2%)
60
AFCONA-3231 (0,2%)
55
50
45
CONTROL
40
35
AFCONA-3233
AFCONA-3231
30 AFCONA-3232
AFCONA-3285
AFCONA-3251
AFCONA-3250
25
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21
Levelling Performance of AFCONA-3779

in PU Refinish Clearcoat
AFCONA-2040 0.2%
Control AFCONA-3031 0.2%
AFCONA-3779 0.5%
12
Silicone and non-silicone additives
Combination of silicone and non-silicone levelling agents
Me Me Me Me Me Me Me Me Me Me
SI SI SI SI SI
O O O O O O
O O
O O
Wet paint film
Fluorocarbon modified acrylic
AFCONA-3280 in promoting intercoat adhesion

With 0.2% of AFCONA-3280 in polyester melamine system
Control
13
3000 Series – Non-silicone-based levelling agents

More polar combination of high boiling point solvents than AFCONA-3037.

AFCONA-3038
Promotes flow and prevents solvent boiling problems that lead to pin holes.
AFCONA-3277 100% version of AFCONA-3777.
Improved version of AFCONA-3777. Based on the same chemistry but with

AFCONA-3670
better anti-crater performances. Suitable for all solvent-based systems.
High-fluorocarbon-content polyacrylic with very strong surface tension reduction. Excellent tool for anti-crater, substrate
AFCONA-3700 wetting and promotion of vertical flow. Suitable for all solvent-based systems, especially car refinish, plastic paint and
industrial coating.
High-Molecular-Weight polyester. Very good compatibility and levelling performance. Suitable for coil coatings, can coatings,
AFCONA-3730
PU’s, epoxies and other solvent-based coatings.
AFCONA-3750 52% solid version of AFCONA-3700 for better handling at low temperatures.
Pure polyacrylic levelling agent. Designed for applications where levelling and defoaming are both important, such as coil
AFCONA-3755
and can coatings. Can also be used in other foam-sensitive systems.
In today’s coating world polymers containing fluorocarbon are nearly banned in all coatings related to electronic applications.
AFCONA-3758
Mainly developed to replace fluorocarbon-modified levelling agents giving the same levelling and anti-crater performances.
Fluorocarbon-modified polyacrylic for solvent-based systems. Very fast initial levelling, anti-crater performance and
AFCONA-3770 defoaming properties. Very suitable for coil coatings and UV coatings and other applications that need fast levelling.
Causes in-can haziness in clear coatings.
Fluorocarbon-modified polyacrylic for solvent-based systems. Becomes water-soluble after neutralization with a suitable
AFCONA-3772* amine. Considered a polar polymer with very good compatibility in all resin systems. Stronger anti-crater properties than
AFCONA-3730. Less in levelling performance.
AFCONA-3775 Same category product as AFCONA-3770, but with stronger defoaming performance. Less in anti-crater properties.
First-generation fluorocarbon-modified polyacrylic. Suitable for all solvent-based systems to improve levelling, anti-crater
AFCONA-3777 performance and substrate wetting. When special results are needed, products from the newly-developed generation will
perform better.
Pure polyacrylic levelling agent. Improves levelling and has defoaming properties.
AFCONA-3778
Can cause in-can haziness in some systems.
Pure polyacrylic levelling agent. Well known for flow and levelling performance.
AFCONA-3779
Also acts as defoamer in most coating systems.
* Suitable for solvent-based and water-based coatings.
14

Epoxy - Solventless
Chlorinated Rubber
UV Curing System
• - Recommended
• - Can be used
Dosage Active Flash 3000 Series

Chemical Ingredient Solvent Point Product Name
(Based on total formulation)
Blend of high
boiling point 2~5% 50~54% High boiling
point solvents 43˚C •••••• • ••• AFCONA-3038
solvents
Fluorocarbon
Modified 0.2~1.0% >96% – >100˚C ••••••••••••• • AFCONA-3277
Polymer
Fluorocarbon
Modified 0.3~2.0% 69~71% Xylene/MPA/
Butyl Acetate 25˚C ••••••••••••• • AFCONA-3670
Polyacrylate
Polymeric
Fluorocarbon
0.05~1.0% >96% – 301˚C • •••••••••••• AFCONA-3700
Pure Polyester Alkylbenzene/

Polymer
0.3~2.0% 64~66% Butylcellosolve/ 45˚C ••• •••• •• • AFCONA-3730
Xylene
Polymeric
Fluorocarbon
0.1~1.0% 50~53% MPA 42˚C • •••••••••••• AFCONA-3750
Polyacrylic
Polymer
0.5~2.0 51~54% Xylene/DIBK 25˚C •• •••••• • AFCONA-3755
Polyacrylic
Polymer
0.1~1.0% 50~52% MPA 42˚C •• ••••••••••• AFCONA-3758
Fluorocarbon
Modified 0.5~2.0% 69~71% MPA 42˚C •• ••••• • • AFCONA-3770
Polyacrylate
Fluorocarbon
Modified 0.3~2.0% 59~61% Sec. Butanol 24˚C •••• • • AFCONA-3772*
Polyacrylate
Special Acrylic
Polymer with 0.5~2.0% 69~73% Xylene/DIBK 25˚C ••••••••• • • AFCONA-3775
good defoaming
Fluorocarbon
Modified 0.3~2.0% 69~71% Xylene 25˚C ••••••••••••• • AFCONA-3777
Polyacrylate
Pure Polyacrylic
Polymer
0.3~2.0% 69~72% Xylene 25˚C ••• •• •• • AFCONA-3778
Pure Polyacrylic Xylene/

Polymer
0.3~2.0% 50~52% Isobutanol/ 25˚C ••• •••••• • • AFCONA-3779
TGME
15
4000 Series – High-Molecular-Weight Dispersing agents – First generation polyurethane types
Mainly used in preparation of pigment concentrates due to good compatibility and price advantage.
AFCONA-4009*
Can also be used as a dispersant for normal grinding, especially for inorganic pigments.
Good dispersant for inorganic pigments, especially TiO2 and matting agents.
AFCONA-4010*
Widely used as a dispersant for inorganic pigment for pigment concentrate preparations.
Improved version of AFCONA-4010. Better balance between price and performance. Principally developed for stabilizing
AFCONA-4011*
inorganic pigments such as TiO2, iron oxides and matting agents. Can be used in almost all solvent-based coating systems.
AFCONA-4015* Co-grinding aid for solvent-based systems. Needs a strong solvent such as MEK or MIBK in mill base for optimal performance.
Polymeric dispersant mainly developed for co-grinding processes for coil and can coatings, baking polyesters and acrylic,
AFCONA-4017*
epoxy and polyurethane systems. Among all the best co-grinding agent.
Universal and efficient dispersant for all pigments, including organic and carbon black.
AFCONA-4046*
Good pigment deflocculation strength. Improves dry film glosses and prevents floating and flooding.
Better performing dispersant with higher molecular weight than AFCONA-4046, especially for carbon black and difficult
AFCONA-4047*
to disperse organic pigments. Recommended for high quality paints such as OEM, refinish and industrial coatings.
More economical dispersant than AFCONA-4046. Very good to disperse all kinds of pigments.
AFCONA-4050*
Recommended for PU, baking paint, epoxy, etc.
AFCONA-4060 Medium to low polar dispersant. Suitable for coil and can coatings and polyester resin systems.
Improved version of AFCONA-4060 with much better pigment stability and viscosity reduction properties.
AFCONA-4070*
Gives very high Jetness to carbon black dispersions. May crystallize at temperatures below 15 °C.
Very High-Molecular-Weight Dispersant with very good pigment stability performance. Especially for organic reds and other
AFCONA-4080*
difficult to disperse pigments. Recommended for epoxies, coil coatings, fluorocarbon coatings and other high quality paints.
More economical version of AFCONA-4009. Mainly used in pigment concentrates.

AFCONA-4109
Can be used as an economical universal dispersant for applications that do not have to meet the highest requirements.
More economical version of AFCONA-4046. Can be used as a universal dispersant for all kind of pigments.
AFCONA-4146
Also suitable for pigment concentrates.
* These products will become slightly hazy at temperatures below 15˚C. This will not influence the quality.
16
General indicator on recommendation Solvent-based System

Epoxy - Solventless
Chlorinated Rubber
UV Curing System
• - Recommended
• - Can be used
Dosage
(Based on solid pigment weight)
TiO2 Acid Amine

Active Organic Carbon Flash 4000 Series
Chemical (Other value value Solvent
Ingredient Inorganic Pigment Black Point Product Name
Pigment) mgKOH/g mgKOH/g
Modified
2~3% BAc/MPA/
Polyurethane 58~61%
(2~5%)
20~40% 20~50% 10~17 8~15
Sec-BA
19˚C • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4009*
Polymer
Modified BAc/MPA/
2~4%
Polyurethane 50~54%
(5~10%)
20~40% 30~60% 8~18 6~16 Alk-Bz/ 24˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4010*
Polymer Sec-BA
Modified BAc/MPA/
2~4%
Polyurethane 50~54%
(5~10%)
20~40% 30~60% 8~18 6~16 Alk-Bz/ 24˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4011*
Polymer Sec-BA
Modified
6~8% Xy/Alk-Bz/
Polyurethane 34~36%
(5~10%)
20~40% 30~60% 35~50 9~18
DIBK/MEK
24˚C • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4015*
Polymer
BAc/MPA/
Modified
6~8% Sec-BA/
Polyurethane 28~32%
(5~10%)
20~40% 30~60% 25~45 3~12
Alk-Bz/
24˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4017*
Polymer
DIBK
Modified
2~3% BAc/MPA/
Polyurethane 39~41%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% 10~25
Sec-BA
24˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4046*
Polymer
Modified
2~3% BAc/MPA/
Polyurethane 34~36%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% 10~20
Sec-BA
24˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4047*
Polymer
Modified
2~3% BAc/MPA/
Polyurethane 43~47%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% 10~25
Sec-BA
24˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4050*
Polymer
Modified
2~3% BAc/MPA/
Polyurethane 29~31%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% 6~16
Xy/Sec-BA
24˚C • • • • • AFCONA-4060
Polymer
Modified
2~3% BAc/MPA/
Polyurethane 29~31%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% 6~16
Xy/Sec-BA
24˚C • • • • AFCONA-4070*
Polymer
Modified
2~3% BAc/MPA/
Polyurethane 29~31%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% 6~16
Xy/Sec-BA
24˚C • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4080*
Polymer
Special
2~3%
Modified
Polyurethane
58~61%
(2~5%)
20~40% 20~50% 10~17 8~15 Xylene 24˚C • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4109
Polymer
Special
2~3% BAc/MPA/
Modified
Polyurethane
39~41%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% 15~25
Xy/Sec-BA
24˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4146
Polymer
17
4000 Series – High-Molecular-Weight Dispersing agents – New-generation polyurethane types
Supplied in a high solid form, 65%. Wide compatibility, especially in those systems where previous generations PU dispersants
AFCONA-4000*
are not fully compatible. Excellent performance in Thermoplastic Acrylic, NC, CAB and other less compatible resin systems.
Special dispersant high solid (55%) for carbon black. For black coatings with high Jetness and blue shade.
AFCONA-4001*
Good dispersant for other pigments in all solvent-based systems.
Effective polymeric dispersant for stabilizing inorganic and organic pigments as well as carbon blacks. Very good stability
AFCONA-4063*
performance, through effective steric hindrance on all types of pigments, especially in organic red, yellow and violet.
BTX-free version of AFCONA-4063. Very effective in stabilizing inorganic and organic pigments and carbon black.
AFCONA-4067* Especially effective for organic red, yellow and violet due to the three-dimensional steric hindrance network.
Very good viscosity reduction and improvement of colour strength.
Improved version of AFCONA-4070, better in overall performances. Supplied in higher solid, 45%. Recommended for
AFCONA-4071*
refinishes, can coatings, dispersion of transparent iron oxides and other industrial coatings and pigment concentrates.
Very similar to AFCONA-4071 but with lower viscosity-depressing property.

AFCONA-4077*
In terms of pigment dispersion, AFCONA-4071 is better in overall performances.
Polyurethane dispersant supplied in 100% active form. Recommended for solvent-free systems, where conventional wetting
AFCONA-4200* and dispersing agents can not perform with organic pigments and carbon blacks. Extremely good compatibility with
thermoplastic acrylic, NC and CAB. Very interesting for ink dispersions because of the free solvent choice.
Same structure as AFCONA-4200. However, the polymer chain is longer, providing better steric hindrance.
AFCONA-4201*
Performs stronger in pigment stability, colour and gloss developments.
Very compatible polymeric dispersant. Compatible with most of the resin systems on the market,
AFCONA-4202* ranging from Alkyd to NC, CAB, Epoxy and Thermoplastic Acrylic. Therefore highly recommended for solvent-based
Resin Minimal Pigment Concentrates. Good viscosity reduction and easy incorporation, especially in NC systems.
4000 Series – High-Molecular-Weight Dispersing agents – Polyacrylate types

Suitable for nearly all solvent-based systems. Should be avoided in epoxy because of the high amine value. Very good pigment
AFCONA-4400*
stability with organic pigments, less with inorganic pigments. Less viscosity reduction compared to polyurethane dispersants.
Higher solid version of AFCONA-4400 with lower molecular weight. Better compatibility.
AFCONA-4401*
Less viscosity reduction compared to polyurethane dispersants. Suitable for most solvent-based systems.
More compatible version of AFCONA-4401. Special modification gives lower surface tension on polymer and allows
AFCONA-4403* dispersant to penetrate more easily to the surface of the pigment. Therefore, better wetting and faster grinding.
Pigment concentrates based on AFCONA-4403 give easier incorporation, especially in NC.
Very strong dispersant especially for TiO2 dispersion in oil-free polyester/melamine systems. Use of TiO2 dispersions in coil
and can coating applications will increase whiteness as well as hiding power of coating. Reduces the viscosity of the system,
AFCONA-4474*
therefore higher pigment loading can be achieved. Very suitable for UPE & Epoxy systems due to the acid functional
pigment affinity group. Common dispersants mostly contain amine values which could affect the self- and pot-life.
Polymeric dispersant for stabilizing inorganic and organic pigments in water- and solvent-based systems. In solvent-based
AFCONA-4531** systems, a polar polymer with very good compatibility to difficult polar systems such as NC, wash primer etc.
Pigment paste based on AFCONA-4531 giving very easy incorporation. Must be neutralized for water-based applications.
For water and solvent -based universal decorative pigment concentrates. Especially for those used in high solid
AFCONA-4570**
aromatic-free long oil alkyds. Also effective as an additive to improve colour acceptance of commercial colourants.
4000 Series – High-Molecular-Weight Dispersing agents -

Based on Controlled Free Radical Polymerisation
Innovative dispersant based on Controlled Radical Polymerisation (CRP). Recommended for all kind of pigments,
AFCONA-4701 including difficult organic pigments and High Channel Carbon Blacks. Recommended for coating systems that need
the highest requirements such as automotive OEM and refinish, coil and industrial stoving systems.
** Suitable for Water- and Solvent-based coatings.
18

Epoxy - Solventless
Chlorinated Rubber
UV Curing System
• - Recommended
• - Can be used
Dosage
TiO2 Acid Amine
Chemical
Active (Other Organic Carbon
value value Solvent Flash 4000 Series
Ingredient Inorganic Pigment Black
mgKOH/g mgKOH/g
Point Product Name
Pigment)
Modified
Polyurethane 64~66%
2~3%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% 10~15
BAc/MPA/
Sec-BA
24˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4000*
Polymer
Modified BAc/MPA/
Polyurethane 54~57%
2~3%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% 25~35 Alk-Bz/ 24˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4001*
Polymer Sec-BA
Modified
Polyurethane 44~46%
2~3%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% 5~20
BAc/MPA
/Xylene
24˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4063*
Polymer
Modified
Polyurethane 44~46%
2~3%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% 5~20 BAc/MPA 24˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4067*
Polymer
Modified BAc/MPA/
Polyurethane 44~46%
2~3%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% 5~10 Sec-BA/ 24˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4071*
Polymer Xylene
Modified
Polyurethane 44~46%
2~3%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% 15~25
BAc/MPA/
Sec-BA
24˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4077*
Polymer
Modified
Polyurethane >96%
2~3%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% 10~20 - >100˚C • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4200*
Polymer
Modified
Polyurethane >96%
2~3%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% 11~21 - >100˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4201*
Polymer
Modified
Polyurethane >90% 2~3%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% 3~10 - >100˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4202*
Polymer
Modified
Polyacrylate 39~42%
2~3%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% 40~55
BAc/Sec-
Butanol
24˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4400*
Polymer
Modified
Polyacrylate 50~54%
2~3%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% 45~60
BAc/MPA
Sec-BA
24˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4401*
Polymer
Modified BAc/ MPA

Polyacrylate 54~56%
2~3%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% 34~44 /Sec. BA 24˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4403*
Polymer /Xylene
Modified
Polyacrylate 50~52%
2~3%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% 7~14 MPA/BAc 27˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4474*
Polymer
Modified
Polyacrylate 49~51%
2~3%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% 30~40 20~30
Methoxy-
propanol
32˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4531**
Polymer
Modified
Polyacrylate 58~60%
2~3%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% 40~50 TPM 116˚C • • • • • AFCONA-4570**
Polymer
Modified
Polyacrylate 49~52% 2~4% 20~40% 20~60% 25~31 MPA 44˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-4701
Polymer
19
Recommended dosage of high molecular weight dispersant on several common pigments, fillers and matting agents.
Pigment type Based on solid to solid (%) Based on surface area (m2/g)
Titanium Dioxide 2-3% 10% on oil absorption
Iron Oxide Pigments 3-4% 10% on oil absorption
Chrome Oxide Pigments 2-4% 10% on oil absorption
Fillers (Clay. CC powder. Kaolin. Barium Sulphate) 1-2% 10% on oil absorption
Matting agents 2 -3% 10% on oil absorption
Phthalocyanine pigments 15-25% 15-25% on BET value
Organic Red 15-25% 15-25% on BET value
Organic Yellow 15-25% 15-25% on BET value
Organic Violet 15-30% 15-25% on BET value
Regular Carbon Black 20% 20% on BET value
High Channel Carbon Black 30-50% 30-50% on BET value
BET (Brunauer, Emmett and Teller) value - Measurement of surface area of pigment by using N2 absorption.
DBP (DiButyl Phthalate) value - Measurement of surface area of carbon black by using dibutyl phthalate.
Dispersing concept
In order for a dispersing and wetting agent to function in particular
systems, they must be complied to certain basic rules:
Compatibility with resin systems

Compatibility can split to wet compatibility and dry compatibility
Resin solution: Dispersant (9:1)

Hazy Wet Compatibility
not suitable
Clear & Transparent
Proceed to dry them in oven, 60˚C until solvent dry up

Hazy
not suitable
Clear & Transparent Dry Compatibility
Suitable, can proceed to grinding pigments
20
Polyurethane-based Dispersant
AFCONA-4046 AFCONA-4146 Only for co-grinding
AFCONA-4047 AFCONA-4200 Best for inorganic pigments
AFCONA-4050 AFCONA-4201 For all solvent-based systems
AFCONA-4060 AFCONA-4530 For water-based systems
AFCONA-4063 AFCONA-5585 With excellent anti-settling
Polyacrylate-based Dispersant
AFCONA-4550 AFCONA-4599 For all solvent-based systems
AFCONA-4560 AFCONA-4700 For water-based systems
AFCONA-4565 AFCONA-4701 CRP technology dispersant
21
5000 Series – Conventional wetting and dispersing agents
Universal dispersant for all solvent-based systems. Can be used to prepare bentonite gels.
AFCONA-5008*
Economic replacement for AFCONA-5044 as both are supplied in the same solid content.
Economical wetting and dispersing agent for pigment dispersions. Designed to replace old-fashioned products such as
AFCONA-5009* AFCONA-5044, AFCONA-5054 and AFCONA-5207. Stabilizes pigments through electrically charged repulsion forces.
Very effective in bentonite gel preparation.
Special dispersant for pure white paints. Very good viscosity reduction. Suitable for most of the solvent-based systems.
AFCONA-5010*
Not suitable for air-drying alkyd systems.
Amine rich dispersing agent for carbon blacks and organic pigments.
AFCONA-5030*
Particularly suited for artificial leather, PU, Alkyd, Polyamide and printing ink systems.
AFCONA-5044* Universal dispersant for all solvent-based systems. Can be used to prepare bentonite gels.
Dispersant, mainly developed for dispersing and stabilizing transparent iron oxide pigments. May also be used as a dispersant
AFCONA-5051*
for other inorganic pigments and extenders to reduce viscosity in the dispersion. Very useful in high filled systems.
Higher polarity than AFCONA-5044. Used in low to medium polar systems.
AFCONA-5054*
Can cause yellowing in NC. Mostly recommended for bentonite gel preparations.
Effective co-grinding agent, containing polysiloxane. Can be used as a post-additive to correct floating and flooding problems.
AFCONA-5065*
Can give foam-stabilizing effect due to the silicone modification.
AFCONA-5066* Silicone-free version of AFCONA-5065. No foam-stabilizing effect. Stronger in anti-settling properties.
AFCONA-5071** Very good anti-settling effect. Recommended for water and solvent-based systems. Extremely suitable for wash primers.
AFCONA-5207* Specially designed for all kind of pigments in air-drying alkyds.
Economical solvent-free dispersing agent for pigment dispersions. Designed to replace old-fashioned products such as
AFCONA-5209* AFCONA-5044, AFCONA-5054 and AFCONA-5207. Stabilizes the pigments through electrically charged repulsion forces.
Very effective in bentonite gel preparation.
AFCONA-5210** 100% active version of AFCONA-5010.
AFCONA-5244* 100% active version of AFCONA-5044.
Mainly developed for dispersing and stabilizing transparent iron oxide pigments. May also be used as a dispersant for
AFCONA-5251*
other inorganic pigments and extenders, where it reduces the viscosity in the dispersion. Very useful in high filled systems.
Improved version of AFCONA-5207. Also for other resins systems.
AFCONA-5280** Dispersant with performance in between High-Molecular-Weight Dispersants and conventional dispersing agents.
Therefore suitable to replace High-Molecular-Weight Dispersants for economical reasons.
AFCONA-5285** Good viscosity-depressing wetting agent for primers and highly loaded extender systems.
Suitable for all solvent-based systems ranging from low polar to high polar, including air dry alkyd.
AFCONA-5290** Very high pigment stability, good viscosity reduction and high colour strength. Supplied in 100% active ingredients.
Excellent dispersant for Polyurethane, epoxy and UV coating.
Economical dispersant for all solvent-based stystems. Stabilizing all kinds of pigments.
AFCONA-5708*
For applications where price and performance balance must be on a good level. Xylene free.
** Suitable for Water- and Solvent-based coatings.
22

Epoxy - Solventless
Chlorinated Rubber
UV Curing System
• - Recommended
• - Can be used
Dosage
TiO2 Acid Amine

5000 Series
Active (Other Organic Carbon Flash
Chemical value value Solvent
Unsaturated
polyamide and 50~54% 0.2~2.0% 2.0~5.0% 2~8 20~24
Alkyl-
benzene
41˚C • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-5008*
acid ester salts
Fatty Acid
Modified 68~72% 0.2~2.0% 2.0~5.0% 130~150 <5 Xylene 30˚C • • • • • AFCONA-5009*
Polyamide
Solution of an 1.0~4.0% Xylene/

acidic polyester 50~54%
(5~10%)
65~85 Sec. 25˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-5010*
phosphorus Butanol
Polymer of Alkyl-
carboxylic acid 50~54% 0.5~5.0% 20~50% 25~40% 185~215 benzene 45˚C • • • • • • • • AFCONA-5030*
and polyamide /MPA
Unsaturated Xylene/
polyamide and 50~54% 0.2~2.0% 2.0~5.0% 25~45 5~15 n-Butanol 25˚C • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-5044*
acid ester salts /MPG
HMW 2~4%
carboxylic 79~81% (10~20% 83~95 MPA 44˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-5051*
acid salts trans. Fe2O3)
HMW
carboxylic 50~54% 0.2~2.0% 50~60 45~60
Alkyl-
benzene
42˚C • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-5054*
acid salts
HMW
Alkyl-
unsaturated
carboxylic acid 50~54% 0.5~2.5% 80~150 benzene 40˚C • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-5065*
/DIBK
with polysiloxane
HMW Alkyl-
unsaturated 50~54% 0.5~2.5% 120~180 benzene 40˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-5066*
carboxylic acid /DIBK
Alkylol ammonium
salt of a HMW 50~54% 0.5~2.0% 90~110 95~130 Water >100˚C • • • • • • • AFCONA-5071**
carboxylic acid
OH-functional
0.5~1.5%
unsaturated
modified >96%
(3~5%)
10~20% 120~180 50~70 • • • • AFCONA-5207*
carboxylic acid
Fatty Acid
Modified >96% 0.2~2.0% 2.0~5.0% 180~220 <5 • • • • • AFCONA-5209*
Polyamide
Acidic 1~4%
polyester >96%
(3~10%)
120~140 >100˚C • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-5210**
phosphorus
Unsaturated
polyamide and >96% 0.1~1.0% 1.0~2.0% 50~70 10~30 • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-5244*
acid ester salts
HMW 2~4%
carboxylic >98% (10~20% 105~115 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-5251*
acid polymer trans. Fe2O3)
Cationic/anionic
0.5~1.5%
co-polymer
with pigment >96%
(3~5%)
10~30% 25~40 20~35 • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-5280**
affinity groups
Anionic 0.5~1.5%
co-polymer >95%
(3~5%)
10~30% 100~105 • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-5285**
with acidic groups
Polymer 2~3%
with pigment >96%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% 5~15 4~12 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-5290**
affinity groups
Unsaturated
polyamide and 50~54% 0.2~2.0% 2.0~5.0% 2~8 20~24 BAc 22˚C • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-5708*
acid ester salts
23
6000 Series – Miscellaneous products
Fatty acid modified emulsifier. Recommended to improve colour acceptance of colourants in base paints.
AFCONA-6220*
The use in coloured NC can improve gloss.
Better pigment stability than AFCONA-6220. Suitable as colour acceptance additive,
AFCONA-6225* as well as effective dispersant for all kind of pigments for water-based and solvent-based systems.
Can be used to formulate water-based resin-free pigment concentrates for universal colourants.
Improved version of AFCONA-6225. Exhibits more hydrophilic behaviour than AFCONA-6225. Therefore giving better colour
AFCONA-6226*
strength, viscosity reduction, pigment stability and colour acceptance in water-based and solvent-based paints.
Suitable for most water- and solvent-based systems. Effective viscosity reduction agent for all highly filled systems with
AFCONA-6230*
inorganic pigments and extenders.
Anti-gelling agent for air-drying alkyd and baking paints. In air-drying alkyd paints, the ketoxime forms a protective layer
AFCONA-6700 on top of the paint to reduce the oxidation caused by oxygen. In Stoving paints, it helps to block the reactive group of the
melamine and will be released for further curing of the paint film when the temperature reaches 80-100 °C.
AFCONA-6701 Xylene-free version of AFCONA-6700.
Synergist agent for phthalocyanine pigments, carbon blacks and violet pigments. Must be used in combination with
AFCONA-6745
AFCONA-4000 series dispersant. Improves gloss, viscosity depression and pigment stability.
Water-based version of AFCONA-6745.
AFCONA-6755*
In systems that contain high amounts of alcohol or ketone solvent, AFCONA-6755 is the better choice.
Compatible polymer for pigment concentrates.
AFCONA-6788 Provides pigment concentrates with an easier incorporation into the base paints. May even occur with hand stirring.
Combination with AFCONA-4071 results in pigment paste with an easy incorporation without seeding.
* Suitable for Water- and Solvent-based coatings.
Auto Refinish Pigment paste formulations

Raw materials PB 15:3 PR 122 PG 7 PR 101 Monarch 1400 PR 179
Laropal A81 60% 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00
AFCONA-4701 - 6.00 - 4.90 - 6.00 - 9.00 - 5.75 - 7.20
PU dispersant (45% solid) 6.67 - 5.44 - 6.67 - 10.00 - 6.39 - 8.00 -
Xylene 20.47 20.80 22.38 22.65 20.47 20.80 17.30 17.80 23.93 24.25 20.00 20.40
Butyl acetate 20.46 20.80 22.38 22.65 20.46 20.80 17.20 17.70 23.93 24.25 20.00 20.40
Pigments 12.00 12.00 9.80 9.80 12.00 12.00 15.00 15.00 5.75 5.75 12.00 12.00
AFCONA-6745 0.40 0.40 - - 0.40 0.40 - - - - - -
Cab-O-Sil M5 - - - - - - 0.50 0.50 - - - -
Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
% of dispersants on pigment 25 25 25 25 25 25 30 30 50 50 30 30
24

Epoxy - Solventless
Chlorinated Rubber
UV Curing System
• - Recommended
• - Can be used
Dosage
TiO2 Acid Amine

6000 Series
Fatty Acid
Modified >96% 5~10% 10~20% 10~30 15~35 • • • • • AFCONA-6220*
Polyester
Fatty Acid
Modified >96% 5~10% 10~20% 44~48 30~42 • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-6225*
Polyester
Fatty Acid
Modified >96% 5~10% 10~20% 25~35 18~28 • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-6226*
Polyester
Aliphatic
polyether with >95% 1~3% 5~7% 100~105 • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-6230*
acidic groups
Based on
IBA/
ketoxime and
phosphorus
Xylene/ 24˚C • • • AFCONA-6700
water
ester salt
Based on IBA/
ketoxime and
phosphorus BAc/ 24˚C • • • AFCONA-6701
ester salt water
Synergist
agent
>98% 3~5% 5~% • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-6745
Synergist
agent
>98% 3~5% 5~% • AFCONA-6755*
Modified
Polyacrylic >96% • AFCONA-6788
Polymer
PB 15:3 PR 122 Pink E PG7

PU Dispersant AFCONA-4701 PU Dispersant AFCONA-4701 PU Dispersant AFCONA-4701
Metallic Basecoat
Raw materials
Acrylic Resin (50%) 25.00
Touch OTAL 2006 15.00
Aluminium Paste 7.00
Xylene 10.00
Butyl acetate 9.00
PMA 5.00
CAB 381-0.5% (20% in BA) 29.00
PR 101 Transparant Iron Oxide Monarch 1400 PR 179
Total 100.00 PU Dispersant AFCONA-4701 PU Dispersant AFCONA-4701 PU Dispersant AFCONA-4701
Mixing ratio between

metallic base paint and pigment paste:
Metallic Base Paint 4

Pigment Paste 1
25
Performance test of synergist agent AFCONA-6745 in black, violet, blue and green pigment
Test Formulations
Black FW 200 Violet RL 23 Blue 4 GNP Green KSN 130

Raw material
Control AFCONA-6745 Control AFCONA-6745 Control AFCONA-6745 Control AFCONA-6745
AFCONA-1102 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30
PMA 25 24.75 26.6 26.35 22.5 22.25 19.4 19.15
Xylene 25 24.75 26.6 26.35 22.5 22.25 19.4 19.15
AFCONA-4071 8 8 6.8 6.8 9 9 11.2 11.2
Pigment 12 12 10 10 16 16 20 20
AFCONA-6745 – 0.5 – 0,5 – 0.5 – 0.5
Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
Violet RL 23 RMPC
PU System
AFCONA-6745 Control
Blue 4 GNP RMPC Green KSN 130 RMPC

PU System PU System
AFCONA-6745 Control AFCONA-6745 Control
26
Physical test of pigment concentrate
Black FW 200 Violet RL 23 Blue 4 GNP Green KSN 130

Raw material
Control AFCONA-6745 Control AFCONA-6745 Control AFCONA-6745 Control AFCONA-6745
Fineness 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30
Viscosity / CPS
25 24.75 26.6 26.35 22.5 22.25 19.4 19.15
(Spin=34; 0.3 rpm)
Properties test of pigment concentrate in PU system
Pour out
Properties test Full shade Tint Strength
Degree of flocculation Transparency
Control 4 4 5 5
Black FW 200
AFCONA-6745 5 5 5 5
Control 5- 4 5 5
Violet RL 23
AFCONA-6745 5 5 5 5-
Control 4 4 5 5
Blue 4GNP
AFCONA-6745 5 5 5 4
Control 4 4 5 5
Green KSN 130
AFCONA-6745 5 5 5 4
Violet RL 23 RMPC
PU System
AFCONA-6745 Control
Blue 4 GNP RMPC Green KSN 130 RMPC

PU System PU System
AFCONA-6745 Control AFCONA-6745 Control
27
Suggesting formulation based on
AFCONA-4071 and Laropal A81
Pigment paste for high quality paint
Dispersant: AFCONA-4071
Resin: Laropal A81
MA100
Blue Green Red 254 Violet RL Bayferrox Bayferrox
Items FW-200 (or special
PB 15:3 PG 7 PR254 special PV23 110 3920
black 100)
Laropal A81 (60% in PMA) 30.00 30.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 30.00 10.00 10.00
AFCONA-4071 12.00 12.00 9.00 9.00 12.00 7.00 4.50 4.00
AFCONA-6745 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 0.00
Pigment 10.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 10.00 65.00 55.00
Blanc Fix Micro 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 5.00 5.00
Touch Anset 3300 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00
Solvesso 100 24.00 19.00 23.00 23.00 22.00 25.00 7.50 12.50
PMA 24.00 19.00 22.00 22.00 21.00 25.00 7.00 12.50
Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
% Dispersant 54.00 27.00 20.25 20.25 27.00 31.50 3.12 3.27
Suggesting formulation based on

AFCONA-6226 and Laropal A81
Pigment paste for economy reason
Dispersant: AFCONA-6226
Resin: Laropal A81
MA100
Blue Green Red 254 Violet RL Bayferrox Bayferrox
Items FW-200 (or special
PB 15:3 PG 7 PR254 special PV23 110 3920
black 100)
Laropal A81 (60% in PMA) 30.00 30.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 30.00 10.00 10.00
AFCONA-6226 5.00 6.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 3.00 2.50 2.00
AFCONA-6745 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 0.00
Pigment 10.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 10.00 65.00 55.00
Blanc Fixe Micro 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 5.00 5.00
Touch Anset 3300 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00
Solvesso 100 28.00 22.00 25.00 25.00 21.00 27.00 8.50 13.50
PMA 27.00 22.00 24.00 24.00 25.00 27.00 8.00 13.50
Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
% Dispersant 50.00 30.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 30.00 3.85 3.64
28
Tinting Comparison
Resin: Polyacrylate with OH value at 3.5% Ratio: 3% paste in white paint
PB 15:3 FW 200 MA 100
4071 6226 4071 6226 4071 6226

L A B ΔE L A B ΔE L A B ΔE
6226 69.1 -21.9 -32.0 - 6226 62.9 -5.0 -0.7 - 6226 51.4 -4.8 -2.6 -
4071 -1.0 -0.9 -1.6 2.1 4071 -0.6 +0.2 +0.6 0.9 4071 +0.5 +0.1 +0.6 0.8
PG 7 PR 254 PV 23
4071 6226 4071 6226 4071 6226

6226 78.5 -28.2 -1.3 - 6226 68.0 +37.0 +4.8 - 6226 62.2 +8.7 -30.1 -
4071 -0.4 -1.3 -0.5 1.4 4071 +0.3 -0.3 -0.1 0.4 4071 -2.6 +1.7 -2.6 4.1
Remark: Almost all organic pigments paste with AFCONA-4071 gives better colour strength.
Resin: Epoxy Solvent free Ratio: 3% paste in white paint

PB 15:3 FW 200 MA 100
4071 6226 4071 6226 4071 6226

6226 65.8 -21.9 -32.4 - 6226 57.9 -4.4 +0.7 - 6226 46.9 -4.3 -1.3 -
4071 -0.7 -0.3 -0.9 1.2 4071 -0.8 -0.2 +0.1 0.8 4071 +0.8 +0.1 +0.2 0.8
PG 7 PR 254 PV 23
4071 6226 4071 6226 4071 6226

6226 74.7 -40.3 -1.0 - 6226 66.6 +34.9 +5.4 - 6226 58.3 +8.6 -35.6 -
4071 -0.6 -1.0 -0.2 1.2 4071 +0.2 -0.6 -0.4 0.7 4071 -0.1 -0.3 -0.4 0.5
Remark: Almost all organic pigments paste with AFCONA-4071 gives better colour strength.
Resin: Polyacrylate with OH value at 3.5% Ratio: 3% Resin: Epoxy Resin free Ratio: 3% paste in white paint
Iron Oxide Red Iron Oxide Yellow Iron Oxide Red Iron Oxide Yellow
4071 6226 4071 6226 4071 6226 4071 6226

L A B ΔE L A B ΔE L A B ΔE L A B ΔE
6226 67.0 -21.9 +17.6 - 6226 86.3 -0.0 +30.0 - 6226 67.0 -21.9 +17.6 - 6226 86.3 -0.0 +30.0 -
4071 +0.9 -0.8 -0.3 1.2 4071 +0.3 -0.2 -0.5 0.6 4071 +0.9 -0.8 -0.3 1.2 4071 +0.3 -0.2 -0.5 0.6
Remark: For iron oxide pigments, better stabilized pigment gives lower colour strength because it gives cleaner and not dirty colour tone.
29
Additives for water-based systems
1000 Series – Universal resins for pigment concentrates

Recommended to combine with High-Molecular-Weight Dispersing agents such as AFCONA-4560, AFCONA-4570 or AFCONA-6226
ACONA-1501
for preparation of water-based pigment concentrates. Complete water-solubility is reached by adding 8% AMP95.
2000 Series – Silicone-based defoamers and deaerators

Defoamer based on a modified polysiloxane with fine silica. Very high resistance to shear forces and temperatures.
AFCONA-2502
Suitable for pigment concentrates, coatings, printing inks and other highly filled and high solid systems.
Defoamer for water-based applications, mainly for the preparation of pigment concentrates.
AFCONA-2503
Less tendency to form craters than AFCONA-2502. Also improves levelling.
Strong defoamer for water-based applications. Effective in coating systems ranging from PU dispersions for industrial to acrylic based
AFCONA-2505
decorative paints. Also suitable for pigment concentrates and inks for high speed flexo-printing process.
Strong defoamer for PUD and polyacrylic emulsion resin systems. Also suitable for clear applications.
AFCONA-2507
Widely used in pigment concentrate preparations and printing inks.
Specifically developed for PU dispersions. Good defoaming as well as levelling and anti-crater action.
AFCONA-2524
Based on modified polysiloxane and very easy to incorporate, even in low-shear conditions.
AFCONA-2530 Strong defoamer for water-based applications. Particularly suitable for clear top coat applications. Easy incorporation.
Strong defoamer for all kind of water-based coatings. Especially developed for airless spray application where it works very
AFCONA-2592
well against micro foam.
2000 Series – Non-silicone-based defoamers and deaerators

Defoamer for water-based-systems.
AFCONA-2270
Due to very high shear force resistance very suitable for production of pigment concentrates.
AFCONA-2503
Defoamer for high shear application for
use in water-based pigment concentrates
and fast speed printing inks.
Resistance to:
High shear force
0.5% of Competitor 0.5% of
Long time grinding
(100% solid silicone-
based defoamer) AFCONA-2503 Temperatures up to 250˚C for 15 minutes
30
Water-based System
Pigment pastePigment
Pigment pastePigment
Alkyd Emulsion
Alkyd Water-reducible
UV Curing System
PolyurethanePolyurethane
Epoxy 2 Component
Emulsion Acrylic
PolyurethanePolyurethane
Polyester/Melamine
Water-based System
Alkyd Emulsion
Emulsion
Epoxy 2 Component
Polyester/Melamine
UV Curing System
Printing Inks Systems
2 component 2 Component
Dispersion (PUD)
- Highly Recommended
water-based
Water and
Copolymer
- Recommended
- Can berecommended
• - Highly used
paste
paste water-based
Acrylic Copolymer
• - Recommended
solvent-based
• - Can be used
Dispersion (PUD)
water and solvent-based

Dosage
Inorganic Organic Carbon Acid Amine Flash 1000 Series
Chemical value value
Ingredient Pigment Dosage black
Pigment mgKOH/g mgKOH/g Point Product Name
Active Inorganic Organic Carbon Acid Amine Flash 1000 Series
Chemical Ingredient pigment pigment Black value value Point
Modiﬁed mgKOH/g mgKOH/g Product Name
of solid ＿ AFCONA-1501
Modified fatty
> 96% 4-5 times of 3-5
solid
times of 3-5 times 34-45
solid >100°C
polymer >96% dispersant
of solid dispersant
of solid dispersant
of solid 34-45 – >100˚C • •• • AFCONA-1501
acid Polymer dispersant dispersant dispersant
Water-based System
Water-based System
Alkyd Emulsion
Alkyd
Emulsion
Polyurethane
Polyurethane
Epoxy
Polyester/Melamine
UV
Printing
Pigment paste water-based
Pigment
Polyester/Melamine
UV Curing
Polyurethane Dispersion
Polyurethane
Epoxy 2 Component
Pigmentpaste
Pigment paste Water and solvent-based
AlkydWater-reducible
Emulsion Acrylic
Curing System
2 Component
Emulsion
• -- Recommended
Highly Recommended
Inks
Acrylic Copolymer
pastewater
• -- Can
Recommended
System
be used
Systems
- Can be used
2 Component
2 component
Dispersion (PUD)
water-based
Copolymer
and solvent-based
(PUD)
Active Dosage Dosage FlashFlash 2000 Series
2000 Series
Chemical Solvent
Chemical Ingredient (Based on total formulation) Solvent Point Product Name
Polysiloxane
Point Product Name
Hydrocarbon
containing 80~84% 0.1~ 0.5%
Solvent
117˚C •• • ••• AFCONA-2502
defoamer
Polysiloxane
Polysiloxane
containing >96% 80~84% 0.05~ 1.0%0.1~0.5% – Hydrocarbon 117°C•
>100˚C •••••••••• AFCONA-2502
AFCONA-2503
containing
defoamerdefoamer
Solvent
Organically modified
Polysiloxane >96% 0.05~ 1.0% – >100˚C ••••••••••• AFCONA-2505
Polysiloxane
Organically modified ＿
containing
Polysiloxanedefoamer
with >96% ＞96% 0.05~ 1.0%0.05~1.0% – >100˚C •
>100°C •••••••••• AFCONA-2503
AFCONA-2507
hydrophobic silica
Polysiloxane Water/Hydro-
containing 17~19% 0.1~ 2.0% Water/117˚C
carbon solvent
• •••••••••• AFCONA-2524
defoamer
Polysiloxane
Solution of a 17~19% 0.1~2.0%　(＊0.2~0.8%) Hydrocarbon 117°C AFCONA-2524
containing defoamer 90%
silicone modified 0.2~ 1.0% DPM solvent 75˚C • •••••••••• AFCONA-2530
polymer
Polysiloxane
containing 29% 0.1~ 1.0% Water >100˚C ••••••••••• AFCONA-2592
defoamer
Non-silicone
＿＿
defoaming ≥96% 0.1~0.7% AFCONA-2270
Substances
Modified Polymer >96% 0.1~ 0.7% – – ••••••••••• AFCONA-2270
Side view Crater test

Dilemma
Dilemmaofofaawater
waterbased
baseddefoamer
defoamer
1) Good defoaming lead to more craters
2) Good defoamer always aﬀect the levelling
3) Adding levelling will lead to more foam.
AFCONA-2524
AFCONA-2524
1) Excellent in defoaming
2) Easy incorpora on, even by hand
3) Improve the levelling performance
4) Very low tendency to craters.
AFCONA-2524 C A AFCONA-2524 C A
31
3000 Series – Organically modified polysiloxane-based slip and levelling agents

AFCONA-3035* Normally used in solvent-based systems, but also effective as a levelling and anti-crater agent in water-based applications.
Emulsion of non-polar polysiloxane in water. Gives water resistance and slip performance.
AFCONA-3522
No foam-stabilizing effect. High dosages provide water-repellent effect.
Modified anionic polydimethyl siloxane emulsion. Enhances surface properties like:
AFCONA-3571
slip, soft feel and anti tackiness in water-based applications.
Short-chain polysiloxane with no influence on intercoat adhesion in multi-coat systems. Very strong anti-crater performance.
AFCONA-3580 Must be used in combination with a suitable defoamer. Recommended for electro deposition coatings and all other
water-based systems.
AFCONA-3581E 50% solution of AFCONA-3580 in DMP.
Very strong surface tension reduction and good compatibility properties.

AFCONA-3585
Very fast substrate wetting and anti-crater effect in all water-based systems.
Levelling agent for aqueous coatings systems with excellent substrate wetting and anti-crater properties.
AFCONA-3588
No influence on intercoat adhesion.
3000 Series – Non-silicone-based levelling agents

Fluorocarbon-modified polyacrylic for water-based systems. Stronger in levelling and anti-crater performance than
AFCONA-3500
AFCONA-3570. Only recommended for systems with a pH higher than 8.
Fluorocarbon-modified polyacrylic for water-based systems. Very good in levelling and anti-crater performance.
AFCONA-3570
Only recommended for systems with a pH higher than 8.
Fluorocarbon-modified polyacrylic. Becomes water-soluble after neutralization with a suitable amine.
AFCONA-3772*
Without neutralization, very suitable in solvent-based high-gloss clear coatings.
* Suitable for Water- and Solvent-based coatings.
Crater test
0.5% AFCONA-3570 Zero test
32
Water-based System
Alkyd Emulsion
Emulsion Acrylic Copolymer
Polyurethane 2 Component
Polyurethane Dispersion (PUD)
Epoxy 2 Component
Polyester/Melamine
UV Curing System
Pigment paste water and solvent-based
• - Recommended
• - Can be used
Active Dosage Flash 3000 Series

Chemical Solvent
Ingredient (Based on total formulation) Point Product Name
Organically
modified polyether 50~54% 0.1~ 0.5% PM Solvent 32˚C ••••••• AFCONA-3035*
polysiloxane
Modified polysiloxane
emulsion (APE free) 34~36% 0.1~ 1.0% Water >100˚C ••••••••• AFCONA-3522
Modified anionic
polydimethylsiloxane 58~62% 0.1~ 1.0% Water >100˚C ••••••••• AFCONA-3571
emulsion
Organically
modified polysiloxane >95% 0.1~ 1.0% – – ••••••••• AFCONA-3580
for aqueous systems
Organically
modified polysiloxane 50~54% 0.1~ 1.0% DPM 75˚C ••••••••• AFCONA-3581E
for aqueous systems
Organically
modified polysiloxane >96% 0.1~ 1.0% – – ••••••••• AFCONA-3585
for aqueous systems
Organically
modified polysiloxane >96% 0.1~ 1.0% – >100˚C ••••••••• AFCONA-3588
for aqueous systems
Fluorocarbon modified
polyacrylate 30~32% 0.5~ 1.5% Water – ••••••••• AFCONA-3500
Fluorocarbon
modified polyacrylate 59~61% 0.5~ 1.5% Water >110˚C ••••••••• AFCONA-3570
Fluorocarbon
modified polyacrylate 59~61% 0.3~2.0% Sec. Butanol 24˚C ••••••• AFCONA-3772*
69
66 AFCONA-3580 (0,2%)
63 AFCONA-3585 (0,2%)
60 AFCONA-3588 (0,2%)
57 CONTROL
54
51
0.2% on total formulation in PUD system
48
45
Control
42
39
AFCONA-3580
36
AFCONA-3585
33 AFCONA-3588
30
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21
33
4000 Series – High-Molecular-Weight Dispersing agents - Polyacrylic and polyurethane

Polymeric dispersant for stabilizing inorganic and organic pigments in water-based systems. Through effective steric
AFCONA-4530*/**
hindrance and electrostatic repulsion an excellent stability performance in all type of pigments.
Polymeric dispersant for stabilizing inorganic and organic pigments in water and solvent-based systems.
AFCONA-4531 o/*/** In water-based systems, it should be pre-neutralized to become completely soluble in water. Not suitable for preparation of
resin-free pigment concentrates.
Water-based pH-independent dispersant for all kind of pigments in industrial coatings.
AFCONA-4550*/**
Can be used as effective dispersant to formulate resin-free pigment concentrates.
Water-based pH-independent dispersant for all kind of pigments in decorative and industrial coatings.
AFCONA-4560*/**
Can be used as effective dispersant to formulate resin-free pigment concentrates.
pH‐independent with a wide compatibility in most commonly used water-based decorative and industrial coatings.
AFCONA-4565*/**
Completely water soluble, does not have to be neutralized. However neutralization will improve the viscosity reduction.
Water-based pH-independent dispersant for all kind of pigments. Better in viscosity depressing and pigment stability than
AFCONA-4570 o/*/** AFCONA-4550. Can be used as effective dispersant to formulate resin-free pigment concentrates.
Furthermore, an effective additive to improve colour acceptance.
Dispersing agent for all water-based coating systems. Both decorative as well as industrial, in combination with or
AFCONA-4590*/** without a grinding resin. Can also be used in water-based resin-free pigment concentrates. These RFPC can have a
universal character and can be used in both water-based and solvent-based coatings.
Improved version of AFCONA-4560. Better viscosity-depression on pigment dispersions, especially for Carbon blacks
AFCONA-4595***
and transparent iron oxides. Also more effective for the production of water-based pigment concentrates.
Improved water-resistance version of AFCONA-4595.
AFCONA-4597*/**
For water-based applications which need high water-resistance. Universal in use for all kind of pigments.
Special designed block copolymer with anchoring groups.
AFCONA-4598*/**
Economical version of AFCONA-4595 with better water resistance.
Special designed modified polyacrylic polymer with low influence to the water resistance of the final coating.
AFCONA-4599*/**
Very good in viscosity depressing of inorganic pigment concentrates.
o Suitable for Water- and Solvent-based coatings
** Keep in a cool and dry place
*** Below 0 ˚C seperation or turbidity could occur. Warm up to 20 ˚C and mix well.
'" Dosage for transparent Iron Oxide pigments.
34
Water-based System
Alkyd Emulsion
Epoxy 2 Component
Polyester/Melamine
UV Curing System
• - Recommended
• - Can be used
Dosage
TiO2 Acid Amine
4000 Series
Ingredient Inorganic pigment Black Point Product Name
Modified
Polyurethane
Polymer
38~42%
2~3%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% - 12~20 Water >100˚C •••••••••• AFCONA-4530*/**
Modified Methoxy
Polyacrylic
Polymer
48~52%
2~3%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% 30~40 20~30
propanol
32˚C ••••• ••••• AFCONA-4531 o/*/**
Modified
Polyacrylic
Polymer
48~52%
2~3%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% - 20~35 Water >100˚C ••••••••••• AFCONA-4550
Modified
Polyacrylic
Polymer
38~42%
2~3%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% - 25~35 Water >100˚C ••••••••••• AFCONA-4560
Modified
Polyacrylic
Polymer
38~42%
2~3%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% - 25~35 Water >100˚C ••••••••••• AFCONA-4565
Modified
Polyacrylic
Polymer
58~60%
2~3%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% - 40~50 TPM 116˚C ••••••••••• AFCONA-4570 o/*/**
Modified Water/
Polyacrylic
Polymer
40~43%
2~3%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% - 35~45
TPM
116˚C ••••••••••• AFCONA-4590*/**
4~5%
Special Designed
Block Copolymer
38~43% (8~12%) 12~30% 50~60% 7~15 - Water >100˚C ••••••••••• AFCONA-4595***
"10~15%
Special Designed
Block Copolymer
38~42%
4~5%
(8~12%)
12~30% 50~60% 6~13 10~16 Water >100˚C ••••••••••• AFCONA-4597*/**
Special Designed
Block Copolymer
39~43%
4~5%
(8~12%)
12~30% 50~60% 6~13 7~15 Water >100˚C ••••••••••• AFCONA-4598*/**
Modified
Polyacrylic Polymer
39~43%
2~5%
(5~10%)
20~60% 40~80% 4~10 8~14 Water >100˚C ••••••••••• AFCONA-4599*/**
Recommended dosage of High-Molecular-Weight Dispersant

on several common pigments, fillers and matting agents
Pigment type Based on oil to solid (%) Based on surface area (m2/g)
Titanium Dioxide 2 - 3% 10% on oil absorption

Iron Oxide pigments 3 - 4% 10% on oil absorption
Chrome Oxide pigments 2 - 4% 10% on oil absorption
Fillers (Clay. CC powder.
1 - 2% 10% on oil absorption
Kaolin. Barium Sulphate)
Matting agents 2 - 3% 10% on oil absorption
Phthalocyanine pigments 15 - 25% 15 - 25% on BET value
Organic Red 15 - 25% 15 - 25% on BET value
Organic Yellow 15 - 25% 15 - 25% on BET value
Organic Violet 15 - 30% 15 - 30% on BET value
Regular Carbon Black 20% 20% on BET value
High Channel Carbon Black 30 - 50% 30 - 50% on BET value
BET (Brunauer, Emmet and Teller) value -
Measurement of surface area pigment by using N2 absorption
DBP (DiButyl Phthalate) value -
Measurement of surface area of carbon black by using DiButyl Phthalate
35
Performance test of AFCONA-4595 against competitor's product
AFCONA-4595 (40%) / Competitor (40%)
Test formulation in Resin Free Pigment Concentrate
Yellow Chrome Red Ferric Ferric Antanil

Hostaperm Novoperm Green Blue Violet Sunblack
Raw material Oxide Yellow Oxide Yellow Red Yellow FW 200
Pink E Red F2RK PG7 PG 15:3 RL 23 X-15
P4920 P103 P-K130 Oxide Oxide 260
Water 23.3Yellow 18.3 Chrome

13.3 35.8
Red Oxide
35.8
Ferric 34.3
Ferric 36.8
Acetanil 29.3
Hostaperm Novoperm
21.8
Green
29.3 36.8 28.1 51.8
Blue PG Violet RL Sunblack
Raw Material Oxide Yellow P- Yellow Red Yellow FW 200
P-K 130
Propylene Glycol 10.0P4920 10.0 10310.0 10.0 10.0
Oxide 10.0
Oxide 2GO 10.0 Pink E 10.0Red F2RK10.0 PG7 10.0 15:3 10.0 23 10.0 X-15 10.0
AMP 95 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Water 23.3 18.3 13.3 35.8 35.8 34.3 36.8 29.3 21.8 29.3 36.8 28.1 51.8
Dispersant 10.0 10.0 10.0 22.5 22.5 15.0 17.5 20.0 22.5 20.0 17.5 26.2 22.5
Propylene Glycol 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0
Pigment
AMP 95 55.0 0.2 60.0 0.265.0 30.0
0.2 30.0
0.2 40.0
0.2 0.235.0 0.2 40.0 0.2 45.0 0.2 40.0 0.2 35.0 0.2 35.0 0.2 15.0 0.2
Dispersant 10.0 10.0 10.0 22.5 22.5 15.0 17.5 20.0 22.5 20.0 17.5 26.2 22.5
AFCONA-2503 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Pigment 55.0 60.0 65.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 40.0 35.0 35.0 15.0
AFCONA-5071
AFCONA 2503 1.0 0.5 1.0 0.5 1.0 0.51.0 1.0
0.5 0.0
0.5 0.50.0 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.5
AFCONA 5071 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Results: Transparency
Transparency for transparent
for transparent Iron Oxide
Iron Oxide redYellow
Red and and yellow
Transparency
Transparency
Pigment Pigment
Dispersant
Dispersants After
Initial After
Initial Sample Stability
Ferric Yellow Competitor 4 Sample Stability
4
AFCONA-4595
OxideFerric Yellow Competitor 5 4 45
Oxide
Ferric Red AFCONA-45954
Competitor 5 54
Oxide AFCONA-4595 5 5
Ferric Red Competitor 4 4
Rating: 1-Poor and 5-Excellent
Oxide AFCONA-4595 5 5
Ferric Yellow Oxide Ferric Red Oxide

Competitor AFCONA-4595 Competitor AFCONA-4595
36
W7 -12
Fineness Viscosity
Pigment Dispersants Initial After Initial After
Sample Stability Sample Stability
Ferric Competitor <10 µm <10 µm 3 3
Yellow Oxide AFCONA-4595 <10 µm <10 µm 3 3 Rub Out Test Tinting Strength
Fineness Viscosity
Ferric
Pigment Competitor <10Initial
Dispersants µm <10After
µm 3+
Initial 3+After Pigment Dispersants Initial After Initial After
Red Oxide AFCONA-4595 <10 µm <10
Sample µm
Stability 3+
Sample 3+
Stability Sample Stability Sample Stability
Ferric Yellow Competitor < 10μm < 10μm 3 3 Rub Out Test Tinting Strength
Chrome Competitor <10 µm <10 µm 3 3 Chrome
Pigment Competitor Initial5 After5
Dispersants 5
Initial 5
After
Oxide AFCONA 4595 <10
< 10μm
Yellow P103 AFCONA-4595 µm <10< µm
10μm 3- 3 3- 3 Yellow P103 AFCONA-4595Sample 5 Stability
5 Sample5 Stability
5
Ferric Red Competitor < 10μm < 10μm 3+ 3+ Competitor
Yellow Oxide
Oxide Competitor <10 µm <10 µm 4 3+ Chrome Yellow
Yellow Oxide Competitor 5 5 5 5 5 5- 55
AFCONA 4595 < 10μm < 10μm 3+ 3+ P-103
P4920 AFCONA-4595 <10 µm <10 µm 4 3+ P4920 AFCONA 4595
AFCONA-4595 5 5 5 5 55 55
Chrome Yellow Competitor < 10μm < 10μm 3 3 Yellow Oxide P- Competitor 5 5 5- 5
RedP-103
Oxide Competitor
AFCONA 4595 <10 µm <10< µm
< 10μm 10μm 4 3- 4 3- Red
4920OxideAFCONACompetitor 5 5 5 5-
4595 5 5 5 5
P-K130 AFCONA-4595 <10 µm <10< µm 4 4 4 3+ P-K130 AFCONA-4595 5 5 5 5
Yellow Oxide P- Competitor < 10μm 10μm Red Oxide P-K Competitor 5 5 5 5-
4920 AFCONA 4595 <10
Competitor < 10μm
µm <10< µm
10μm 3 4 3 3+ Antanil AFCONA
Competitor
Antanil 130 4595 5 5 5 5 55 55
Yellow
Red 260
Oxide AFCONA-4595 <10
P-K Competitor µm <10< µm
< 10μm 10μm 3 4 3- 4 Yellow 260Competitor
Acetanil AFCONA-4595 5 5 5 5 55 55
130 AFCONA 4595 < 10μm < 10μm
Hostaperm Competitor <10 µm <10 µm 3 4 3 4 Yellow 2GO
Hostaperm AFCONA 4595
Competitor 5 5 5 5 55 55
Acetanil
Pink E Competitor < 10μm < 10μm
AFCONA-4595 <10 µm <10 µm 3 3 3 3 Pink E Competitor
Hostaperm AFCONA-4595 5 5 5 5 55 55
Yellow 2GO AFCONA 4595 < 10μm < 10μm 3 3 Pink E AFCONA 4595 5 5 5 5
Novoperm Competitor <10 µm <10 µm 3 3 Novoperm Competitor 5 5 5 5-
Hostaperm Competitor < 10μm < 10μm 3 3 Novoperm Red Competitor 5 5 5 5 55 5- 5
Red F2RK AFCONA-4595 <10 µm <10 µm 3 3 Red F2RK AFCONA-4595
Pink E AFCONA 4595 < 10μm < 10μm 3 3- F2RK AFCONA 4595 5 5 5 5
Competitor <10 µm <10 µm 3 3 3 Competitor 5 5 5 5 5
Novoperm Red Competitor
Green PG7 < 10μm < 10μm 3 Green PG7Competitor 5 5 5
AFCONA-4595 <10 µm <10 µm 3 3 Green PG7 AFCONA-4595 5 5 5- 5
F2RK AFCONA 4595 < 10μm < 10μm 3 3 AFCONA 4595 5 5 5- 5
Competitor
Competitor <10 µm <10< µm
< 10μm 10μm 3+ 3 3+ 3 Competitor
Blue PG 15:3
Green PG7 Blue
Blue PBPG
15:315:3
AFCONA-4595
AFCONA 4595 <10 µm <10 µm
< 10μm < 10μm 3+ 3 3+ 3 AFCONA-4595
AFCONA 4595 5 5 5 5 55 55
Competitor
Competitor < 10μm
<10 µm <10< µm
10μm 4 3+ 4 3+ Competitor
Blue PB
Violet RL15:3
23 Violet RL 23
Violet RL 23
AFCONA-4595
AFCONA 4595 <10 µm <10< µm
< 10μm 10μm 4 3+ 3 3+ AFCONA 4595
AFCONA-4595 5 5 5 5 44 5-5-
Competitor < 10μm Competitor 5 5 5- 5
Sunblack
Violet RL 23 Competitor <10 µm <10< µm
10μm 3 4 3 4 Sunblack X15 Competitor 5 5 5- 5
AFCONA 4595 <10
< 10μm Sunblack X-15
AFCONA 4595 5 5 5 5-
X-15 AFCONA-4595 µm <10< µm
10μm 3 4 3 3 AFCONA-4595 5 5 5 5-
Competitor < 10μm < 10μm 3 3 Competitor 5 5 5- 5-
Sunblack X15 Competitor <10 µm <10 µm 4 4 FW 200 Competitor
FW 200 AFCONA 4595 < 10μm < 10μm 3 3 FW 200 AFCONA 4595 5 5 5 5 5 5- 5 5-
AFCONA-4595 <10 µm <10 µm 4 3+ AFCONA-4595 5 5 5 5
Competitor < 10μm < 10μm 4 4 Ra ng : 1-Poor and 5-Excellent
FW1-High
Rating: 200 viscosity and 5-Low viscosity Rating: 1-Poor and 5-Excellent
AFCONA 4595 < 10μm < 10μm 4 3+
Ra ng : 1-High viscosity and 5-Low viscosity
Test Panels: Rub-out test and Tinting Strength (Mixing ratio Pigment paste: White base 3:100)
Blue PB 15:3 Blue PB 15:3 Sunblack X-15

Sunblack X-15
Compe tor AFCONA 4595 Compe tor AFCONA 4595 Compe tor AFCONA 4595
Compe tor AFCONA 4595
(Ini al Sample) (2 weeks storage at 60˚C) (2 weeks storage at 60˚C)
(Ini al Sample)
Yellow Oxide P-4920 Red Oxide P-K 130 Red Oxide P-K 130
Yellow Oxide P-4920
Compe tor AFCONA 4595 Compe tor AFCONA 4595 Compe tor AFCONA 4595
Compe tor AFCONA 4595
(Ini al Sample) (2Ini al Sample) (2 weeks storage at 60˚C)
(2 weeks storage at 60˚C)
W8 -12
37
5000 Series – Conventional wetting and dispersing agents

Very good anti-settling effect.

AFCONA-5071**
Used in combination with another dispersant for better anti-settling, anti-floating and anti-flooding performances.
High-Molecular-Weight Dispersing agent which stabilizes all kind of pigments through steric hindrance.
AFCONA-5585*/**
Very suitable for the production of universal pigment concentrates for solvent-based and water-based systems.
Specially modified High-Molecular-Weight block copolymer with pigment affinic groups. Solvent-free. For universal pigment
AFCONA-5586*/**
concentrates. Suitable for ECO-friendly systems.
6000 Series – Miscellaneous products

Fatty acid modified emulsifier. Recommended to improve colour acceptance of colourants in base paints.
AFCONA-6220**
Can be used to formulate water-based resin-free pigment concentrates with inorganic pigments.
Better pigment stability performances than AFCONA-6220. Suitable to use not only as a colour acceptance additive,
AFCONA-6225** but also as an effective dispersant for all kind of pigments for water-based and solvent-based systems.
Can be used to produce water-based Resin-Free Pigment Concentrates for universal purposes.
Improved version of AFCONA-6225. More hydrophilic behaviour, therefore better colour strength,
AFCONA-6226** viscosity reduction, pigment stability and colour acceptance for water-based and solvent-based systems.
Can be used for environment-friendly systems.
Solvent-free wetting and dispersing additive for universal colourants. Suitable for all kind of pigments.
AFCONA-LE 1000** Completely water-soluble, does not necessarily have to be neutralized. However, neutralization to pH 9
will strongly improve viscosity reduction performance. Suitable for ECO-friendly systems.
Suitable for most water-based and solvent-based systems. Effective viscosity reduction agent for any highly filled system
AFCONA-6230**
containing inorganic pigments and/or extenders.
Water-based version of AFCONA-6745. Synergist for Phthalocyanine and violet pigments. Also suitable for carbon blacks.
AFCONA-6755**
Must be used in combination with one of the AFCONA-4000 series. Improves gloss, viscosity-depression and pigment stability.
** Suitable for Water- and Solvent-based coatings
38
Water-based System
Alkyd Emulsion
Epoxy 2 Component
Polyester/Melamine
UV Curing System
• - Recommended
• - Can be used
Dosage
TiO2 Acid Amine
5000 Series
Alkylol ammonium
salt of a HMW 50~54% 0.5~2% 2.~5% 20~60% 90~110 95~130 Water >100˚C ••••••••••• AFCONA-5071**
carboxylic acid
HMW block
copolymer with
pigment affinity >96%
2~3%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% – 17~25 – – • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-5585*/**
groups
HMW block
copolymer with
pigment affinity >96%
2~3%
(2~4%)
20~40% 20~60% – 15~25 – – • • • • • • • • • • • AFCONA-5586*/**
groups
Water-based System
Alkyd Emulsion
Epoxy 2 Component
Polyester/Melamine
UV Curing System
Pigment paste Water and solvent-based
• - Recommended
• - Can be used
Dosage
TiO2 Acid Amine
6000 Series
Fatty acid
modified Polyester
>96% 5~10% 10~20% 10~20% 10~30 15~35 – – ••••••••••• AFCONA-6220**
Fatty acid
modified Polyester
>96% 5~10% 10~20% 10~20% 44~48 30~42 – – ••••••••••• AFCONA-6225**
5~10%
Fatty acid
modified Polyester
>96%
Colour
acceptance
10~20% 10~20% 25~35 25~35 – – ••••••••••• AFCONA-6226**
0.5~1.0%
Fatty acid
modified Polyester
>96% 5~10% 10~20% 10~20% 25~35 25~35 – – ••••••••••• AFCONA-LE 1000**
Aliphatic polyether
wit acidic groups
>95% 1~3% 5~7% – 100~105 – – – ••••••••••• AFCONA-6230**
Synergist agent >98% – 3~5% 5% – – – – ••••••••••• AFCONA-6755**
39
40
UNIVERSAL
PIGMENT
PIGMENT ALKYD EMULSION POLYURE POLYURE
CHLORINATED UV CURING ALKYD EPOXY 2 POLYESTER/ UV CURING WASTE
PASTE WATER- ACRYLIC THANE 2 THANE
RUBBER SYSTEM EMULSION COMPONENT MELAMINE SYSTEM WATER-
SOLVENT- REDUCIBLE COPOLYMER COMPONENT DISPERSION
BASED
BASED
PRODUCT
SELECTOR Solvent-based application Water-based application
Higher color strength Inorganic pigment 5207/5209 4201/PF1611 4071+6788 5285/6226 5071/6226 5071/6226 5071/6226 5071/6226 5071/6226 5071/6226 5071/6226 5071/6226
Lower millbase viscosity Organic pigment 5207/5209 4067/4201 4071+6788 4530/4595 4530/4595 4530/4595 4530/4595 4530/4595 4530/4595 4530/4595 4530/4595 4530/4595
Better pigment stability Carbon Black 5207/5209 4067/4201 4071+6788 4530/4595 4530/4595 4530/4595 4530/4595 4530/4595 4530/4595 4530/4595 4530/4595 4530/4595
DISPERSION Not
Co-grinding 5209 5066 4530/4570 4530/4570 4530/4570 4530/4570 4530/4570 4530/4570 4530/4570 4530/4570 4530/4570
RELATED applicable
Not Not
Color acceptance 4570/6226 4570/6226 4570/6226 4570/6226 4570/6226 4570/6226 4570/6226 4570/6226 4570/6226 4570/6226
applicable applicable
Reduces flooding and

5065 5066 5065/6226 4570/6226 4570/6226 4570/6226 4570/6226 4570/6226 4570/6226 4570/6226 4570/6226 4570/6226
floating
Cost effective 5209 5290/PF1611 PF1611 4570/6226 4570/6226 4570/6226 4570/6226 4570/6226 4570/6226 4570/6226 4570/6226 4570/6226
Improves mar resistance, Not Not

3030/3233 3251/3835 3522/3571 3522/3571 3522/3571 3522/3571 3522/3571 3522/3571 3522/3571 3522/3571
increases slip applicable applicable
Not Not
Anti-cratering 3030/3233 3034+/-3700 3570+/-3585 3570+/-3585 3570+/-3585 3570+/-3585 3570+/-3585 3570+/-3585 3570+/-3585 3570+/-3585
SURFACE Improves substrate Not Not

3670/3700 3670/3700 3500/3570 3500/3570 3500/3570 3500/3570 3500/3570 3500/3570 3500/3570 3500/3570
RELATED wetting applicable applicable
Not Not
Reduces Bénard cells 3030/3233 3251 3585/3588 3585/3588 3585/3588 3585/3588 3585/3588 3522 3522 3522
Not Not
Improves levelling 3030/3233 3250+3700 3233+3570 3233+3570 3570 3570+3585 3570+3585 3522+3570 3522+3570 3522+3570
Not
Defoaming 2040/2763 2720/2763 2524/2530 2524/2530 2501 2524/2530 2524/2530 2524/2530 2524/2530 2524/2530 2524/2530
applicable
AIR RELATED
Not
Deaeration 2040/2763 2720/2763 2503/2592 2592 2524/2530 2505 2503 2503/2592 2502/2592 2503 2507
applicable
Remark: / = use either one; +/- = use alone or in combination; + = use in combination
INDUSTRIAL AUTOMOTIVE
2K PU
BAKING PAINT OEM 2K PU 2K PU CAB/
AIR DRY ALKYD ALKYD/ ALKYD EPOXY EPOXY ACRYLIC
ALKYD/ POLYESTER/ ALKYD/ ALKYD UNSATURATED ACRYLIC
(LONG AND NC ALKYD/ OH SOLVENT SOLVENT THERMO-
MELAMINE MELAMINE PE OH OH POLYESTER CAB/
MEDIUM OIL) AMINO (AC) FUNCTIONAL BASED FREE PLASTIC
ACRYLIC/ ACRYLIC/ FUNCTIONAL FUNCTIONAL PE
SOLVENT FREE
PRODUCT MELAMINE MELAMINE
SELECTOR Solvent-based application
Higher color strength Inorganic pigment 5207/5209 4011/5280 4011/5010 4071/5280 4071/5280 4011/4071 4071/5290 4011/5251 4011/5251 4011 4011/4063 4200/4201
Lower millbase viscosity Organic pigment 5207/5209 4063/4067 4047/4067 4071 4050/4071 4047/4063 4071/4201 4071/4570 4050/4063 4080 4063/4067 4201
Better pigment stability Carbon Black 5207/5209 4047/4067 4067/4701 4063 4047/4067 4047/4067 4201 4063/4570 4047/4063 4080 4063/4067 4201
DISPERSION
Co-grinding 5207/2509 4017/5066 4017/5066 5290 4017/5066 4017/5066 4017 4017 4017 4017 4017 5065
RELATED
Color acceptance 4570/6225
Reduces flooding and

6226 5066 5066 5065/6226 5065/6226 5065 5066 5066/6226 5066/6226 5066/6226 5066 5065/6226
floating
Cost effective 5209 5280/5290 4011 5209 5209/5290 4071/5290 4071/5290 4071/5290 4071/5290 4071/5290 4011/5280 5209
Improves mar resistance, Not

3030/3233 3251/3285 3251/3285 3251/3285 3251/3285 3251/3285 3236/3239 3035/3251 3236/3239 3236/3239 3251/3285
increases slip applicable
Anti-cratering 3030/3233 3034+/-3700 3034+/-3670 3034+/-3700 3034+/-3700 3034+/-3700 3034+/-3700 3035+/-3777 3034+/-3700 3236+/-3700 3700 3034+/-3700
SURFACE Improves substrate

3670 3670/3700 3670/3700 3670/3700 3670/3700 3670/3700 3670/3700 3670/3700 3670/3700 3670/3700 3670/3700 3670/3700
RELATED wetting
Reduces Bénard cells 3030/3233 3030/3233 3670 3033/3251 3030/3251 3030/3251 3700 3035/3251 3030/3670 3700 3670 3033
Improves levelling 3030/3233 3251/3285 3670/3700 3251+3670 3033+3670 3251+3670 3236+3700 3035+3670 3239+3670 3236+3670 3700 3033/3251
2018/2020/ 2018/2020/ 2020/2050/ 2722/2754/ 2722/2754/ 2020/2021/

Defoaming 2040/2763 2021/2720 2720/2725 2725/2754 2270/2290 2021
2050 2050 2290 2290 2290 2050
AIR RELATED
Deaeration 2040/2763 2022 2040/2763 2038/2045 2038/2045 2038/2045 2722/2727 2040/2727 2045/2727 2045/2727 2038 2038/2040
Remark: / = use either one; +/- = use alone or in combination; + = use in combination
41
AFCONA Additives Sdn Bhd AFCONA Additives (Jiangsu) Co., Ltd AFCONA Additives BV AFCONA Additives USA Inc.
21, Jalan Anggerik Mokara 31/47 29, Daqing Road Amperèstraat 34 5685 Hudson Industrial Parkway
Kota Kemuning 40460 Shah Alam Qing-Llong Chemical Industrial Park 1704 SN Heerhugowaard Hudson, Ohio 44236
Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia Haimen, Jiangsu, 226121, P.R. China The Netherlands USA
Tel.: +603-5122 2289 Tel.: +86 513 8265 8995 Tel.: +31 (0)72-571 15 24 Tel.: +1(330) 650-0971
Fax: +603-5122 8289 Fax: +86 513 8265 8159 Fax: +1(330) 650-0954
Website: www.afcona.com Website: www.afcona.com Website: www.afcona.com www.afcona.com
E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected]
The information given in this booklet is intended for technical guidance without obligation.

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Additives For Coatings Or New Applications

AFCONA Additives Product List

Where technology and

1) 1000 Series – Universal resins for pigment concentrates 2-3

1) 1000 Series – Universal resins for pigment concentrates 30-31

Appendix - Product Selection Guide 42-43

1000 Series – Universal resins for pigment concentrates

2000 Series – Non-silicone-based defoamers and deaerators

Air-drying Alkyd (medium and long oil)

Modified 4-5 times 3-5 times Butyl

Modified 4-5 times 3-5 times Butyl

Dosage Flash 2000 Series

2000 Series – Silicone-based defoamers and deaerators

Moderate defoamer, well balanced between defoaming and compatibility.

Same group as AFCONA-2035, with additional levelling properties.

AFCONA-2721 Defoamer dissolved in a reactive solvent (HEA). Recommended for UV coatings.

Stronger defoamer with easier incorporation than AFCONA-2726.

Air-drying Alkyd (medium and long oil)

Dosage Flash 2000 Series

0.2% AFCONA-2020 Control 0.2% AFCONA-2050

In-can clarity. Top view

The good transparency performance of

For those very high polar acrylate resin,

For other resin systems. slight to medium

Influence on levelling performance

AFCONA-3232 100% active version of AFCONA-3033.

AFCONA-3250 Same family as AFCONA-3230, but overall more compatible.

Short-chain polysiloxane, will not influence intercoat adhesion.

Air-drying Alkyd (medium and long oil)

Dosage Active Flash 3000 Series

Levelling Performance of AFCONA-3779

Combination of silicone and non-silicone levelling agents

Fluorocarbon modified acrylic

AFCONA-3280 in promoting intercoat adhesion

3000 Series – Non-silicone-based levelling agents

More polar combination of high boiling point solvents than AFCONA-3037.

AFCONA-3277 100% version of AFCONA-3777.

Improved version of AFCONA-3777. Based on the same chemistry but with

Air-drying Alkyd (medium and long oil)

Dosage Active Flash 3000 Series

Pure Polyester Alkylbenzene/

Pure Polyacrylic Xylene/

4000 Series – High-Molecular-Weight Dispersing agents – First generation polyurethane types

Product Name Properties

More economical version of AFCONA-4009. Mainly used in pigment concentrates.

Air-drying Alkyd (medium and long oil)

TiO2 Acid Amine

4000 Series – High-Molecular-Weight Dispersing agents – New-generation polyurethane types

Product Name Properties

Very similar to AFCONA-4071 but with lower viscosity-depressing property.

4000 Series – High-Molecular-Weight Dispersing agents – Polyacrylate types

4000 Series – High-Molecular-Weight Dispersing agents -

Air-drying Alkyd (medium and long oil)

Modified BAc/ MPA

Titanium Dioxide 2-3% 10% on oil absorption

Iron Oxide Pigments 3-4% 10% on oil absorption

Chrome Oxide Pigments 2-4% 10% on oil absorption

Matting agents 2 -3% 10% on oil absorption

Phthalocyanine pigments 15-25% 15-25% on BET value

Organic Red 15-25% 15-25% on BET value

4000 Series – High-Molecular-Weight Dispersing agents -