MODULE 2

PATRIOTISM AND NATIONALISM

The country is ourselves and the land where we live and the land where we live. It
is patriotic to love our country. It also a moral duty because the fulfilment of our social
nature requires it. We cannot be self- sufficient in everything. Our human destiny is
intertwined with that of others. The study of Patriotism and Nationalism explains the
concept of our country’s distinctness from other nations in intellectual, social, cultural,
economic, political and moral matters. It establishes the identity of every citizen as patriot
and as a national of one’s own history, politics, ethics and biology.

General Objective
To be familiar with the nature and development of patriotism and nationalism as
they influence the feeling, commitment and loyalty of every individual for one’s own
country.

Specific Objectives
At the end of the session, each student is expected to:

1. differentiate patriotism from nationalism;

2. manifest actions of patriotism and nationalism
3. Enumerate the Filipino character traits where one can discover the various pattern of
the Filipino that reflects the development of nationalism; and
4. Clarify the issues and problems which concern patriotism and nationalism.

What is Patriotism?
Patriotism is a feeling of love and devotion to one’s own homeland (Patria, the land
of one’s fathers). Generally, any selfless act that directly benefits the nation is considered
patriotic. Perhaps the clearest example is the act of risking death in the battle.
 Symbolic act are also often considered to be patriotic. Such acts would include
displaying the national flag, singing the national anthem, participating in a mass rally,
placing a patriotic bumper sticker on one’s vehicle, or any other way of publicly
proclaiming one’s allegiance to the nation. It seems possible, in fact, that there are two
meanings for the phrase “patriotic act.” In the broad sense, a patriotic act is any selfless
act that benefits the nation, irrespective of motivation. And in the narrow sense, a patriotic
act is a selfless act that is especially motivated by patriotic feelings.

The Ethics of Patriotism

Different people have different opinions about whether patriotism is morally good.
Often these opinions vary according to what sort of patriotism is involved. Some instances
of patriotism induce almost universal admiration. To give just one of many possible
examples in 1940, A number of Dutch soldiers gave their lives in a hopeless cause
attempting to defend the proper country. This act would be considered by almost
everyone to be a clear case of selfless, admirable patriotism.
Throughout history, various governments have invoked patriotism feelings to support
to support military aggression, arbitrary imprisonment of aliens, and even murder, acts
considered evil by most individual. It can often be difficult to determine whether in
admiring a particular act of patriotism, we are admiring patriotism, or itself, or rather the
selflessness that patriotism often inspires.

Idea of Patriotism and Religion. Throughout history, Patriotic has often been
associated to religion. At various points in history, particularly in time of war, various
relations of religion and patriotism have prevailed.
History. Levels of patriotism in all nations have varied through…history, and it is an
intriguing puzzle for historians why this should be so. We could say that democratic
government is a cause of patriotism; the same also with those tyrannical system of the
government which became the cause of patriotism.
Politics. Patriotism can be both for and against the current government of a nation.
Supporters of the current government may hold the opinion that patriotism implies support
of one’s government and its policies, and that opposition to the government to policies
result to treason. But at other times, rebellion against a corrupt government may be
justified as an act needed to save the nation, and likewise it is motivated by patriotism.

Patriotism and Related Concepts

 Patriotism is sometimes linked with ethnocentrism that is the belief in the inherent
superiority of one’s own people. However, in the case ethnocentrism, the people.
However, in the case of ethnocentrism, the people in question need not form a nation
but can be a smaller of large unit. Moreover, the term ethnocentrism is generally used
negatively, whereas the term patriotism is quite often used positively.
 The word Chauvinism denotes a narrow- minded and thoughtless but impassion
dedication to a particular cause, and thus is always used negatively. The cause
can be or any kind, but the term can also refer to national chauvinism that is a negative
characterization of patriotism.

 It is also sometimes problematic to distinguish between patriotism and nationalism,

as some people tend to use nationalist as a near –synonym for patriot. However,
nationalism also has a particular meaning expressing a desire among a people to
form an independent nation.

What is Nationalism?

Nationalism…….

 It is devotion to one’s nation, its interest etc.

 It is the advocacy of national independence.
 It is a moral value that sums um one’s love for the country and countrymen. It is
a concept of what the nation is, what it can be, and what ought to be.
 It is recognized and accepted duty to help develop and to help defend one’s nation
so conceived.
 In considering the idea of Filipino nationalism, we could notice the impact of our
customs and traditions which gave rise to this vocal devotion for the love not only of the
country but even of the Filipino people.
In our history, beginning from the Spanish regime we could not already regard the
existence in the hearts of Filipinos this nationalistic spirit. An example is the martyrdom
of GomBur-Za. The Filipinos resented the execution of the fathers because they knew
that they championed their rights. At this the people forgot as one their tribal differences
and regional barriers and joined together as one people to fight for their common cause.
The experiences of Gom-Bur-Za accelerate the growth of Philippine nationalism.
Let us now enumerate some of the Filipino character traits where we can discover
the various behavioural pattern of the Filipinos that reflect their culture in the
development on nationalism.
1. Propensity for gambling. The most scandalous of the Filipino character defects
their propensity of gambling. The Filipinos would bet for almost anything without
considering what would happen next day. But with this trait we could find a great
effect on their being nationalist.

2. Inveterately extravagant. The love for colourful fiestas, expensive clothes and
jewellery and joyful parties again describes this nationalist trait of Filipino.

3. Fatalistic in Their outlook in life. The so-called expression of “ Tadhana” brought

them to understand that whenever happens, good and bad, is due to fate. For this
reason, the future would be supported by the expression “ bahala na.”

4. Lack of Discipline and perseverance. This is expressed in the vernacular term “

ningas cogon” –that is, the short –lived flame of the cogon weeds.

5. Hospitable. It is not only to Filipinos that they express this trait but even to
foreigners

6. Close family ties and extended family structures. Apart from their loyalty their
close relatives they also adopt in the family the “kumapadre” and “kumara”

7. Gratitude. This is show their gratefulness to those who have given them favors.
 8. Cooperativeness. The help extended to one another people is the ancestral trait
from the concept of “ bayanihan”.

9. Bravery. it is obvious from the wars undergone by our ancestors against the
different invaders of our country. With faith and courage they peacefully triumph
over the invaders.

10. Passionately Romantic and Artistic. As they affected by their cultures and
traditions, they are not only fierce in battle but also ardent in love. For this reason,
we could find many great poets, musicians, singers and artist in the country.

11. Intelligent. In the survey made by scholars, Filipino have quick perceptions,
retentive memory and aptitude which make them the most teachable persons.

12. Adaptability, Endurance and Resiliency. Even if you bring a Filipino to other
nations you could find these traits to exhale in the Spirit of a Filipino. They say that
Filipino has the durability of the narra and resiliency of the bamboo.

13. Deep Spirituality Yearning and Gift of Faith. The Filipino tends to take his spiritual
obligation with utmost devotion. It is the area of religion where the Filipinos has a
great calling.

The concept of a national culture, the, is not only the summation of the past but it
describes the needs of the Filipino people which describes most their expression of
values in accepting the duty and devotion to our country. Furthermore, to be more
concrete in modelling Patriotism, Filipinos imbedded it in the constitution, in the Flag and
in every heart of Filipinos.

Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines

Republic Act No. 8491 otherwise known as the Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines
states that reverence and respect shall at all times be accorded the flag, the anthem, and other
national symbols which embody the national ideals and which express the principles of
sovereignty and national solidarity.
Republic Act No. 8491

Republic of the Philippines

Congress of the Philippines Metro Manila
Tenth Congress

Third Regular Session

Begun and held in Metro Manila, on Monday the twenty-eighth day of July, nineteen
hundred and ninety-seven.

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8491

AN ACT PRESCRIBING THE CODE OF THE NATIONAL FLAG, ANTHEM, MOTTO, COAT-OF-
ARMS AND OTHER HERALDIC ITEMS AND DEVICES OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Be it enacted by the Senate and Home of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress

assembled:
SECTION 1. Short Title — This act shall be known as the “Flag and Heraldic Code of the
Philippines.”
SECTION 2. Declaration of Policy - Reverence and respect shall at all times be accorded
the flag, the anthem and other national symbols which embody the national ideals and
traditions and which express the principles of sovereignty and national solidarity. The
heraldic items and devices shall seek to manifest the national virtues and to inculcate in
the minds and hearts of our people a just pride in their native land, fitting respect and
affection for the national flag and anthem, and the proper use of the national motto, coat-
of-arms and other heraldic items and devices.

SECTION 3. Definition of Terms — Whenever used in this Act, the term:

a. “Military” shall mean all branches of the Armed Forces of the Philippines including
the Philippine National Police, the Bureau of Jail Management and

Penology, and the Bureau of Fire Protection;

b. “Festoon” shall mean to hang in a curved shape between two points as a

decoration;
 c. “Flag” shall mean the Philippine National Flag, unless stated otherwise;

d. “Fly” shall mean the part of the flag outside the hoist or length;

e. “Symbol” shall mean any conventional sign which reveals man’s achievement and
heroism (for orders and decorations), identification, authority and a sign of dignity
(for coat-of-arms, logo and insignia);

f. “Half-Mast” shall mean lowering the flag to one-half the distance between the top
and bottom of the staff;

g. “Hoist” shall mean the part of the flag nearest the staff or the canvass to which the
halyard is attached;

h. “Inclement Weather” shall mean that a typhoon signal is raised in the locality;

i. “National Anthem” shall mean the Philippine National Anthem’

j. “Official Residences” shall mean Malacañang, and other government-owned

structures where the President resides, and other structures occupied by the

Philippine Consulate or Embassies abroad;

k. “Places of Frivolty” shall mean places of hilarity marked by or providing boisterous

merriment or recreation; and

l. “Institute” shall mean the National Historical Institute.

THE NATIONAL FLAG

A. Design of the National Flag

SECTION 4. The flag of the Philippines shall be blue, white and red with an eight-rayed
golden yellow sun and three five-pointed stars, as consecrated and honored by the
people.

B. Hoisting and Display of the National Flag

SECTION 5. The flag shall be displayed in all public buildings, official residences public
plazas, and institutions of learning everyday throughout the year.
SECTION 6. The flag shall be permanently hoisted, day and night throughout the year,
in front of the following; at Malacanang Palace; the Congress of the Philippines building;
Supreme Court building; the Rizal Monument in Luneta, Manila; Aguinaldo Shrine in
Kawit, Cavite; Barasoain Shrine in Malolos, Bulacan; the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier,
Libingan ngmga Bayani; Mausuleo de los Beteranos dela Revolucion; all International
Ports of Entry and all other places as maybe designated by the Institute. The flag shall
be properly illuminated at night.
SECTION 7. The flag shall also be displayed in private buildings and residences or raised
in the open flag-staffs in front of said buildings every April 9 (Araw ng Kagitingan); May 1
(Labor Day); May 28 (National Flag Day) to June 12 (Independence Day); last Sunday
of August (National Heroes Day); November 30 (Bonifacio Day); and December 30 (Rizal
Day); and on such other days as may be declared by the President and/or local chief
executives. The flag may also be displayed throughout the year in private buildings or
offices or raised in the open on flag-staffs in front of private buildings: Provided, that they
observe flag-raising ceremonies in accordance with the rules and regulations to be
issued by the Office of the President.

SECTION 8. All government agencies and instrumentalities, and local government

offices, government-owned corporations and local government units are enjoined to
observe Flag Day with appropriate ceremonies. Socio-civic groups, non-government
organizations and the private sector are exhorted to cooperate in making the celebrations
a success.

SECTION 9. The flag shall be flown on merchant ships of Philippine registry of more than
one thousand (1000) gross tons and on all naval vessels.

On board naval vessels, the flag shall be displayed on the flagstaff at the stern when the
ship is at anchor. The Flag shall be hoisted to the gaff at the aftermast when the ship is
at sea.

SECTION 10. The flag, if flown from a flagpole, shall have its blue field on top in time of
peace and the red field on top in time of war; if in a hanging position, the blue field shall
be to the right (left of the observer) in rime of peace, and the red field to the right (left of
the observer) in time of war.
The flagpole staff must be straight and slightly tapering at the top.

SECTION 11. If planted on the ground, the flagpole shall be at a prominent place and
shall be of such height as would give the flag commanding position in relation to the
buildings in the vicinity. If attached to a building, the flagpole shall be on top of its roof or
anchored on a sill projecting at an angle upward.

If on stage or platform or government office, the flag shall be at the left (facing the stage)
or the left of the office upon entering.

SECTION 12. When the Philippine flag is flown with another flag, the flags, if both are
national flags, must be flown on separate staffs of the same height and shall be of equal
size. The Philippine flag shall be hoisted first and lowered last.

If the other flag is not a national flag, it may be flown in the same line yard as the
Philippine flag but below the latter and it cannot be of greater size than the Philippine
flag.

SECTION 13. When displayed with another flag, the Philippine flag shall be on the right
of the other flag. If there is a line of other flags, the Philippine flag shall be in the middle
of the line.

When carried in a parade with flags, which are not national flags, the Philippine flag shall
be in front of the center of the line.

SECTION 14. A flag worn out through wear and tear shall not be thrown away. It shall be
solemnly burned to avoid misuse or desecration. The flag shall be replaced immediately
when it begins to show signs of wear and tear.

SECTION 15. The flag shall be raised at sunrise and lowered at sunset. It shall be on the
mast at the start of official ‘office hours, shall remain flying throughout the day.

SECTION 16. The flag may be displayed:

a. Inside or outside-a building or on a stationary flagpole. If the flag is displayed

indoors on a flagpole, it shall be placed at the left of the observer as one enters
the room;
 b. From the top of a flagpole, which shall be at a prominent place or a commanding
position in relation to the surrounding buildings;

c. From a staff projecting upward from the window sill, canopy, balcony or facade of
a building.

d. In a suspended position from a rope extending from a building to pole erected away
from the building;

e. Flat against the wall vertically with the sun and stars on top; and

f. Hanging in a vertical position across a street, with the blue field pointing east, if the
road is heading south or north, or pointing north if the road is heading east or west.
The flag shall not be raised when the weather is inclement. If already raised, the
flag shall not be lowered.

SECTION 17. The flag shall be hoisted to the top briskly and lowered ceremoniously.
The flag shall never touch anything beneath it, such as the ground, flood, water or other
objects. After being lowered, the flag shall be handled and folded solemnly as part of the
ceremony.
C. Conduct of Flag Raising Ceremony

SECTION 18. All government offices and educational institutions shall henceforth
observe the flag-raising ceremony every Monday morning and the flag lowering
ceremony every Friday afternoon. The ceremony shall be simple and dignified and shall
include the playing or singing of the Philippine National Anthem.

SECTION 19. The office of the President upon the recommendation of the Institute shall
issue rules and regulations for the proper conduct of the flag ceremony.

SECTION 20. The observance of the flag ceremony in official or civic gatherings shall be
simple and dignified and shall include the playing or singing of the anthem in its original
Filipino lyrics and march tempo.

SECTION 21. During the flag-raising ceremony, the assembly shall stand in formation
racing the flag. At the moment the first note of the anthem is heard, everyone in the
premises shall come to attention; moving vehicles shall stop. All persons present shall:
ace their right palms over their chests, those with hats shall uncover, while those in
military, scouting, security guard, and citizen’s military training uniforms shall give: -. £
salute prescribed by their regulations, which salute shall be completed upon the last note
of the anthem. The assembly shall sing the Philippine national anthem, accompanied by
a band, r available, and at the first note, the flag shall be raised briskly. The same
procedure shall be observed when the flag is passing in review or in parade.

SECTION 22. During the flag lowering, the flag shall be lowered solemnly and slowly so
that the flag shall be down the mast at the sound of the last note of the anthem. Those in
the assembly shall observe the same deportment or shall observe the same behavior as
for the flag-raising ceremony.

D. Half-Mast

SECTION 23. The flag shall be flown at half-mast as a sign of mourning on all buildings
and places where it is displayed, as provided for in this Act, on the day of official
announcement of the death of any of the following officials:

a. The President or a former President, for ten (10) days;

b. The Vice-President, the Chief Justice, the President of the Senate, and the
Speaker of the
House of Representatives, for seven (7) days; and

c. Other persons to be determined by the Institute, for any period less than seven (7)
days.

The flag shall be flown at half-mast on all the buildings and places where the decedent
was holding office, on the day of death until the day of interment of an incumbent member
of the Supreme Court, the Cabinet, the Senate or the House of Representatives, and
such other persons as may be determined by the Institute.

The flag when flown at half-mast shall be first hoisted to the peak for a moment then
lowered to the half-mast position. The flag shall again be raised briskly to the peak before
it is lowered for the day.
 E. Casket

SECTION 24. The flag may be used to cover the caskets of the honored dead of the
military, veterans of previous wars, national artists, and of civilians who have rendered
distinguished service to the nation, as maybe determined by the local government unit
concerned. In such cases, the flag shall be placed such the white triangle shall be at the
head and the blue portion shall cover the right side of the caskets. The flag shall not be
lowered to the grave or allowed to touch the ground, but shall be folded solemnly and
handed over to the heirs of the deceased.

F. Pledge to the Flag

SECTION 25. The following shall be the Pledge of Allegiance to the Philippine Flag:

Ako ay Filipino

Buong katapatang nanunumpa

Sa watawat ng Pilipinas

At sa bansang kanyang sinasagisag

Na may dangal, katarungan at kalayaan

Na pinakikilos ng sambayanang

Maka-Diyos

Maka-tao

Makakalikasan at

Makabansa

Such pledge shall be recited while standing with the right hand palm open raised shoulder
high. Individuals whose faith or religious beliefs prohibit them from making such pledge
must nonetheless show full respect when the pledge is being rendered by standing at
attention.

G. Flag Days
SECTION 26. The period from May 28 to June 12 of each year is declared as Flag Days,
during which period all offices, agencies and instrumentalities of government, business
establishments, institutions of learning and private homes are enjoined to display the flag.

H. Specifications of the National Flag

SECTION 27. The flag shall have the following proportions. The width of the flag, 1; the
length of the flag, 2; and the sides of the white triangle, 1.

SECTION 28. The technical specifications shall be as follows:

The blue color shall bear Cable No. 80173; the white color, Cable No. 80001 the red
color, Cable No. 80108; and the golden yellow, Cable No. 80068.

SECTION 29. In order to establish uniform criteria in the making of our national flag and
to guarantee its durability by the use of quality materials, the following standards and
procedures shall be observed:

a. All requisitions for the purchase of the Philippine National Flag must be based on
strict compliance with the deisgn, color, craftmanship and material requriements of
the Government.

b. All submitted samples of flags by accredited suppliers offered for purchase for
government use shall be evaluated as to design, color and craftsmanship
specifications by the Institute, through its Heraldry and Display Section, which shall
stamp its approval or disapproval on the canvass reinforcement of the flag sample
submitted. The samples shall be sent to the Institute by the requisitioning office, not
by the flag supplier; and

c. The Industrial Technology Development Institute (ITDI) or the Philippine Textile

Research Institute (PTRI) of the Department of Science and Technology

(DOST) shall evaluate the quality of material of all flag samples and certify whether
the fabric for the blue, white, red and golden yellow colors, including the

canvass submitted, conforms to government requirement as to quality of the material.

The samples shall be submitted by the said office to the Institute.
SECTION 30. All deliveries of the flags requisitioned by the government shall be
inspected by the requisitioning agency’s internal inspector and by the

Commission on Audit (COA) using the flag stamped approved by the Institute as
reference.

SECTION 31. In carrying out its responsibilities under Section 4 hereof, the Institute,
COA, the ITDI/PTRI shall prepare guidelines to be approved by the

Office of the President.

SECTION 32. All government agencies and instrumentalities shall ensure that the
requirements under this Act with respect to the standards, requisitions and delivery of the
national flag are strictly complied with.

SECTION 33. All departments, agencies, offices, and instrumentalities of the

government, government-owned or controlled corporations, local government units,
including barangays, shall include in their annual budgets the necessary outlay for the
purchase of the national flag.

I. Prohibited Acts

SECTION 34. It shall be prohibited

a. To mutilate, deface, defile, trample, on or cast contempt any act or

omission casting dishonor or ridicule upon the flag over its surface;

b. To dip the flag to any person or object by way of compliment or salute; c.

To use the flag:
1. As a drapery, festoon, tablecloth

2. As covering for ceilings, walls, statues or other objects;

3. As a pennant in the hood, side, back and top of motor vehicles;

4. As a staff or whip;

5. For unveiling monuments or statues; and

 6. As trademarks or for industrial, commercial or agricultural labels or designs. d.
Display the flag:
1. Under any painting or picture;

2. Horizontally face-up. It shall always be hoisted aloft and be allowed to fall freely;

3. Below any platform; or

4. In discotheques, cockpits, night and day clubs, casinos, gambling joints and places
of vice or where frivolity prevails.

e. To wear the flag in whole or in part as a costume or uniform;

f. To add any word, figure, mark, picture, design, drawings, advertisements, or

imprint of any nature on the flag;

g. To print, paint or attach representation of the flag on handkerchiefs, napkins,

cushions, and other articles of merchandise;

h. To display in public any foreign flag, except in embassies and other diplomatic
establishments, and in offices of international organizations.

i. To use, display or be part of any advertisement of infomercial; and

j. To display the flag in front of buildings or offices occupied by aliens.

THE NATIONAL ANTHEM

SECTION 35. The National Anthem is entitled Lupang Hinirang.

SECTION 36. The National Anthem shall always be sung in the national language
v/within or without the country. The following shall be the lyrics of the

National Anthem

Bayang Magiliw Perlas ng Silanganan Alab ngpuio Sa Dibdib mo’y buhay.

Lupang Hinirang, Duyan ka ng magiting, Sa manlulupig Di ka pasisiil

Sa dagat at bundok,
 Sa simoy at sa langit mong bugbaw,

May dilag ang tula

At awit sa paglayang minamahal.

Ang kislap ng watawat mo’y Tagumpay na nagniningning; Ang bituin at araw niya,
Kailan pa may di magdidilim

Lupa ng araw, ng luwalhati’t pagsinta, Buhay ay langit sa piling mo; Aming

ligaya napag may mang-aapi, Ang mamatay nang dahil sa iyo.
SECTION 37. The rendition of the National Anthem, whether played or sung, shall be in
accordance with the musical arrangement and composition of Julian Felipe.

SECTION 38. When the National Anthem is played at a public gathering, whether by a
band or by singing or both, or reproduced by any means, the attending public shall sing
the anthem. The singing must be done with fervor.

As a sign of respect, all persons shall stand at attention and face the Philippine flag, if
there is one displayed, and if there is none, they shall face the band or the conductor. At
the first note, all persons shall execute a salute by placing their right palms over their left
chests. Those in military, scouting, citizen’s military training and security guard uniforms
shall give the salute prescribed by their regulations. The salute shall be completed upon
the last note of the anthem.

The anthem shall not be played and sung for mere recreation, amusement or
entertainment purposes except on the following occasions:

a. International competitions where the Philippines is the host or has a

representative; b. Local competitions;
c. During “signing off” and “signing on” of radio broadcasting and television stations;

d. Before the initial and last screening of films or before the opening of theater
performances; and

e. Other occasions as may be allowed by the Institute.

SECTION 39. All officials and employees of the national and local governments, and any
agencies or instrumentalities thereof, including government-owned or controlled
corporations, privately-owned entities of offices displaying the national flag and
government institutions of learning are hereby directed to comply strictly with the rules
prescribed for the rendition of the anthem. Failure to observe the rules shall be a ground
for administrative discipline.

THE NATIONAL MOTTO

SECTION 40. The national Motto shall be “MAKA-DIYOS, MAKA-TAO,

MAKAKALIKASAN AT MAKABANSA.” CHAPTER IV

NATIONAL COAT-OF-ARMS

SECTION 41. The National Coat-of-Arms shall have:

Paleways of two (2) pieces, azure and gules; a chief argent studded with three (3)
mullets equidistant from each other; and, in point of honor, ovoid argent over all the sun
rayon ant with eight minor lesser rays. Beneath shall be the scroll with the words
“REPUBLIKA NG PILIPINAS,” inscribed thereon.
THE GREAT SEAL

SECTION 42. The Great Seal shall be circular in form, with the arms as described in the
preceding section, but without the scroll and the inscription thereon.

Surrounding the whole shall be a double marginal circle within which shall appear the
words “Republika ng Pilipinas.” For the purpose of placing The Great Seal, the color of
the arms shall not be deemed essential but tincture representation must be used.

The Great Seal shall bear the National Motto.

SECTION 43. The Great Seal shall be affixed to or placed upon all commissions signed
by the President and upon such other official documents and papers of the Republic of
the Philippines as may be provided by law, or as may be required by custom and usage.
The President shall have custody of the Great Seal.
 OFFICIAL SEALS AND OTHER HERALDIC ITEMS AND DEVICES

SECTION 44. Any government entity, including the military, may adopt appropriate coat-
of-arms, administrative seals, logo, insignia, badges, patches, banners and initiate
awards, citations, orders or decorations, as may be authorized by the Congress or the
Office of the President.

SECTION 45. Such heraldic devices and items shall be filed with the Institute for
recording and evaluation as to precedence, design, customs and traditions. The institute
shall promulgate the corresponding rules and regulations which shall be submitted for
approval to the Office of the President or to Congress.

SECTION 46. All government offices including the military are hereby ordered to
purchase all heraldic items and devices from manufacturers accredited and authorized
by the Institute. Such items and devices shall be subject to inspection by the purchasing
agency’s internal inspector and the COA representative using the design and
specifications approved by the Office of the President or by the Congress, through the
Institute.

SECTION 47. No government official or employee shall accept any orders or decorations
from any foreign government without the consent of Congress, and without the prior
evaluation and documentation of such order or decoration by the Institute.

PENALTIES

SECTION 48. Failure or refusal to observe the provisions of this Act; and any violation of
the corresponding rules and regulations issued by the Office of the President shall, after
proper notice and hearing, be penalized by public censure which shall be published at
least once in a newspaper of general circulation.

The Department of Education, Culture and Sports and the Commission on Higher
Education, upon the recommendation of the Institute and after the proper notice and
hearing, shall cause the cancellation of the recognition of permit of any private
educational institution which fails or refuses to observe the provisions of this Act for the
second time.
SECTION 49. The Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS) and the
Commission on Higher Education shall ensure that the National Anthem, as adopted by
law, shall be committed to memory by all students of both public and private educational
institutions, and performed during the flag ceremony conducted in accordance with the
rules and regulations issued by the Office of the President. In addition, they shall make
available the vocal, piano or band scores of the National Anthem, as adopted by law, to
all private and public schools, as well as he general public.

SECTION 50. Any person or judicial entity which violates any of the provisions of this Act
shall, upon conviction, be punished by a fine of not less than Five thousand pesos
(5,000.00) not more than Twenty thousand pesos (P20,000.00), or by imprisonment for
not more than one (1) year, or both such fine and imprisonment, at the discretion of the
court: Provided, That for any second and additional offenses, both fine and imprisonment
shall always be imposed: Provided, That in case the violation is committed by a juridical
person, its President or Chief Executive Officer thereof shall be liable.

COMMON PROVISION

SECTION 51. The Institute shall issue the necessary-rules and regulations to implement
the provisions of this Act within ninety (90) days after effectivity. The Institute shall submit
its rules and regulations to the Office of the President and the Congress of the
Philippines.

SECTION 52. The Institute shall also be responsible for the strict enforcement of the
provision of this Act. It may call upon any government department, agency, office, or
government instrumentality, including government corporations and local government
units, for such assistance as it may deem necessary for the effective discharge of its
functions under this Act.

SECTION 53. Separability Clause— If any provision, or part hereof, is held invalid or
unconstitutional, the remainder of this Act not otherwise affected shall be valid and
subsisting.

SECTION 54. Repealing Clause - Any law, presidential decree or issuance, executive
order, letter of instruction, administrative order, rule and regulation contrary to or
inconsistent with the provisions of this Act is hereby repealed, modified, or amended
accordingly.

SECTION 55. Effectivity — This Act shall be effective fifteen (15) days from the date of
its publication in Official Gazette or in at least two (2) newspapers of general circulation.

Furthermore, another aspect of patriotism and in order to realize it, as people and as
nation; Commitment, dedication and concern is necessary. The Cambridge dictionary
defines commitment as “a willingness to give your time and energy to something that you
believe in, or a promise or firm decision to do something.” Merriam-Webster defines it as
“an act of committing to a charge or trust” or “an agreement or pledge to do something in
the future.” As seen by these definitions, the meaning of commitment is varied. The
following section will examine these different meanings with examples.

Meaning 1:
Willingness to give your time and energy to something that you believe in, or a
promise to do something.
Everybody noticed her strong commitment to work.
It was the players’ commitment that helped us to win the match.
The boss thanked the staff for their commitment.
Her commitment to her job ruined her family life.

Meaning 2:
An agreement or pledge or obligation to do something
The rich have a commitment to help the poor.
He couldn’t attend the meeting due to some family commitments.
Work commitments restricted his time for recreation.
You might have noticed that the first meaning of the word is similar to the meaning of
dedication. Thus, commitment can be replaced with dedication in the first few
examples. However, dedication does not refer to a pledge or an obligation.
Dedication and commitment are two words that are often used interchangeably.
However, there are some instances where this interchangeability cannot be used.
While both these words refer to a strong feeling of loyalty and strong support for
 someone or something, commitment can also refer to an obligation or a pledge. This
is the main difference between dedication and commitment. Dedication and
commitment are not always interchangeable due to this difference.

The Importance of Dedication. The primary factor behind a successful person is

his/her level of dedication, which signifies the commitment of a person towards
achieving objectives and life goals. A person dedicated towards achieving his goals
undertakes lots of perseverance. A committed person is simply one who regularly keeps
their commitments, what he or she has signed up to do or not do. Sounds rather simple
and straightforward, doesn't it? It is, and it works remarkably well. Making a commitment
involves dedicating yourself to something, like a person or a cause. Before you make a
commitment, think carefully. A commitment obligates you to do something. Some
commitments are large, like marriage etc.

How would you stay committed?

1. Set goals. Before you can stay committed to your goals, you need to set goals. ...

2. Revisit your goals frequently. Setting goals isn't a “one and done” sort of deal. ...

3. Set routines

4. Stay inspired

5. Look at the big picture

6. Stay accountable

7. Don't burn out

8. Stay the course

Let's look at each of Meyer and Allen's three types of commitment in greater detail.

• Affection for Your Job (Affective Commitment)

• Fear of Loss (Continuance Commitment)
• Sense of Obligation to Stay (Normative Commitment)
• Managing Continuance and Normative Commitment
What Does Dedication Mean?
Dedication is a feeling of very strong support for or loyalty to someone or something.
An individual can be dedicated to another individual, a group, a cause, etc. This strong
support and loyalty encourage individuals to spend their time and energy to that relevant
cause or individual. For example, an individual who is dedicated to his work will always
give his time and energy to work and an individual who is dedicated to religion will spend
his time and energy by engaging in religious activities.

The boss thanked the staff for their dedication and enthusiasm.
She has always shown great dedication to this cause.
His dedication to his duties was noticed by all.
The rescue team has shown a tremendous dedication to saving lives.
The definition of concerned is someone who is troubled, worried or anxious.
Someone who is very worried is an example of a person who would be described as
concerned.
1. A feeling of worry or care about a person or thing concern for the poor a cause
for concern.
2. Something that causes worry or is regarded as important the students' safety
is her main concern.

3. Something that relates to or involves a person: affair this is not your concern.

COOPERATION, CONCERN and INTERDEPENDENCE THE ACTIVE EXPRESSION

OF UNITY
To cooperate is to operate, or work, together. No single living object in nature is
completely independent, and when this principle of interdependence becomes conscious
and purposeful, it finds its perfected expression in the principle of cooperation.
Cooperation is essentially a human characteristic and is based on the equal worth of
every individual. Yet it is in the human kingdom that this very factor of equality makes
cooperation so unacceptable, for few men will admit that their nation, their race, their
class or family, is not superior to any other. In order truly to work together, a recognition
of the uniqueness of others and an appreciation of what they have to contribute to the
common effort is needed. Every individual is unique and every race and nation has a
unique contribution to make in producing the rich variety of humanity. Every man, woman
and child suffers, loves, hopes, fears and aspires. We are all capable, whatever our race,
nationality, religion, or class, of sacrifice and service, of joy and sadness.
The principle of cooperation should be born, not from condescension or patronage,
but from a recognition that in working with others for the common good we benefit
mankind and, thereby, ourselves. The main obstacle to such a recognition and willing
cooperation is that, initially, pride and the sense of superiority must be sacrificed. The
subconscious fear must be eradicated that in opening one's mind and heart to another,
one may have to make an uncomfortable adjustment which may be alien to all one's
standards of behaviour, habits and beliefs.
Cooperation exists today on many different levels and for many different motives. In
many cases it is based on individual and national self-interest. In war there is the
cooperation of allies for victory. In politics there is cooperation between nations, usually
for the benefit of each particular nation. In business there is cooperation between multi-
national combines for the benefit of those concerned.
However, the forces of globalization are showing nations that the deeper a country
falls into poverty, the greater the danger it will be to the world community: for in failing to
produce its economic share of the world's goods, it becomes a burden on global
resources. Moreover, it is a potential source of instability and violence. Whether at home
or abroad, the principle of cooperation goes hand in hand with the principle of sharing.
Sharing of responsibility, as well as sharing physical resources, contributes to the quality
of life and is an aspect of cooperation. In industry, for example, we must realize that high
quality goods and efficient production are not solely dependent upon capital or
management, but principally on the skill, the pride in work, the enthusiasm and the
goodwill of the men and women who produce the goods. As one enlightened chairman
has said: “The soul of a company lies in the hearts and minds of those employed in it;
and these have to be captured first if any results worth having are to be achieved.”
In education we have the same need for sharing and cooperation. To cooperate in
the process of world education every individual can be both pupil and teacher. He can
be a pupil to whoever possesses the knowledge and skills he needs and a teacher to
those who need such knowledge and skills as he possesses. Children can learn from
their elders and can, in turn, increase their own knowledge by teaching younger children.
The community itself can be a constant source of knowledge to all, as all participate
in community life and communal service. And from the community every individual can
widen his awareness both outward into the world and inward into his own and his fellow's
subjective experience. Similarly, in government, all can contribute to the common good
by exercising the basic tenets of good citizenship – caring for and taking an active interest
in the whole of society, pursuing harmony and well-being for all, and respecting cultural
and philosophical differences. People in every nation and community can then participate
actively and willingly in sharing the responsibility for building a rich, varied and
cooperative life for all. To cooperate is to give with generosity, and also to receive with
gratitude. In the coming new era, right human relations and worldwide cooperation for the
good of all will be the universal keynote. WITHOUT purpose, there is no unity or
fellowship. We connect to people because there is a God-given purpose that we need to
pursue not just as an individual but as a collective body – be it a common vision, goal or
destiny. Now, the question is what purpose do we stand for? What purpose do we live
for? What purpose do we work for? Without one GOOD clear purpose, vision and direction
of where an organization is going, unity and fellowship will be difficult to attain. There are
principles in unity and fellowship – not just mere connection through physical contact or
communication.
The true unity and the almost genuine unity or false unity. We cannot fool ourselves
and God with external unity – seemingly working as one but internally forced to do a
specific action to show that one is united with others. No one is pleased with that, only
the devil. It breeds lie and hypocrisy. Other factors that destroy unity are envy, jealousy,
pride, anger, hatred and bitterness. True unity bears the fruits of inner and interdependent
peace, joy, freedom, healing, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and
discipline more than productive physical outputs. These must be our indicators so we can
say we have true unity among us.
Let the words of apostle Paul to the Philippians be a reminder to us as we pursue true
unity:
 “Therefore if there is any encouragement and comfort in Christ as there certainly
is abundance, if there is any consolation of love, if there is any fellowship that we share
in the Spirit, if there is any great depth of affection and compassion, make my joy complete
by being of the same mind, having the same love toward one another, knit together in
spirit, intent on one purpose and living a life that reflects your faith in Christ Jesus. Do
nothing from selfishness or empty conceit through factional motives or strife, but with an
attitude of humility being neither arrogant nor self-righteous, regard others as more
important than yourselves. Do not merely look for your own personal interests, but also
for the interests of others.”
Although, unity and cooperation is much needed we need not to forget that as a
nation we still work as individual human person. Thus, interdependence comes into play.
We define it as of interdependence is people, animals, organizations or things depending
on each another.
Interdependence is mutual dependence between things. If you study biology, you'll
discover that there is a great deal of interdependence between plants and animals. Inter-
means "between," so interdependence is dependence between things. We often use
interdependence to describe complex systems. The relationship between a manager and
his employees is an example of interdependence.